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At (kid moment may be of short duration, •’oiiltl l.ave induced me to lake any not.cc ut this him of the Col. or his resolutions. A conviction that nothin" more ws< necessary to disnel the momentary delusion than a plain and l.nihhil exposure of the stringe inconsistencies in v hnii his conduct Inis been involved lor Pie Jast sis months, has induced me to present them to your mind nt the time that you are I o il ildv endeavoring to ro niteraet the biilelnl , -is of the Ime convention, of which the Col. seem* to have linen the animalin" principle.— Ifihn shall hnvo any tendency to aid you '» • nrrviatr into effect the measure you hive in iroll iced Into llm lloose of IJeprescmntives, i; uii! have answered the only object I have hid in view inivri'ing. Asil is written !"' r P ■ . it yoo please m furtherance of tint oi.j.-et. I have no unfriendly feelings for Col. Uerrinn ; na ilia contrary the relations which h ive sun sisted between him anil mo have alwavs been a ihlc: but through h it, I have invariably pt' f,.ircd the public good to individual inter- '• •i M’lien I see a course of measures adop- i t Inch I hdieve will ho injurious to the in- ’ o''ihe commundy of which I am one. I ' it to mv duty to raise a warning voice eg st it, to ndverise my fellnw-ctliseiis ol the dinger whicli menaces thou). Whether t>,«. f itc of Cassandra aw ills ms or not, is con cluded in the worn!) of futurity. It '•> aril in the power of mortals to command success, but what is perhaps belter, it is in their power to deserve it. 1 um dear sir your friend and most ohcdicnt servant, wm. ii. crvwford. lion. Dennis L. Hyan. PRESIDENT’S JIESSA.KE. Fellow-Citizen* of (he Sennit, anJ llotuc oj Itcprcuntathes : ft in** pL-auire to congratulate you upon y •**" return lu llit; •>! (itivcriitutMii, lor Iti • purpose of di*<'.h.irgii>:> your duties t• • tlio people ol Ilio tiiiti'i Si itiM. \!lh<»ui*!» imu pesiib'iiee which !»•«! traversed (ii.: O.rl Wm Id ii.it c'itt-fH.J i»*ir 11tints, und extended it*, ravage* >.v»*r much of our U id it ha* pWm I Abntjbty • oi.l to mitigate its sev rity, h i 4 le 3 .i«M» i.m» i»u*u • t o! iti victim<:.)tii}>ati*(f with tfi isc who hive t:il!**n i i noil other c;»iMtri>‘A over w .icii it has spread its ter. N itti.vitUnUfi li:»o tin-* visitation, oir cjnntry urescuts, on every aide, inarms of or oh p inly and lupp'- n«.*4, uueo pt*r i.tprt to any other portion of tit : votld. It we fully apt» r ecutu our comparative con.Ii- Ho t, c.ojses otdneontnnl will ap.rt'.ir u.TVoittov of atieotio**, an*l wot i heart a ol' th uikfulti*. *» to tint Divine ti< 102 who hr < fill* .1 <mr cup I potcUft*from fhe'icc : I Ml!, will hr* c.f.t t.iir.i. ' Will, tl|i: r# .,t t.f El c mi t.fuiii!, rt hi ».M " c hourly expected, mol t.iii *C* is-.I to y.»u v. itirout dt lav. ..ms-, our r«lutior.s, political arid . Miapcetl. NVgoiu»tioii*are no- | fclii iti.v.o ut ban* in*' buerul i*\«*t m | ol ronino-r*., .w * irr»*■•» *oi between it* a;*d the I, u- ptre *»t' il.is.iiu. '•he treaty concluded »v»ih Auk.iiu ' nxeettii'd |.y t;,g I -ipeti.il Majesty, w ith the »t»#>*»i p# .I good ta*liii, -and an wo have no diplomatic am ot t ).H csHirt, Jo? personally impured into ami corrected proC* . dl i.r , f -.tine of Iiih hiitialtcru otH' Ci?, to the ojory ..f oiiM'm o»l in on** of his porta. ').ir i.»-.siv wit.i the p:.blim*t Ihirte ia prodoci i/! i'* *,r» tt*d rtUiia on our commerces New MaiK- ta . , . , c l/Us'lf w tit^ *"-r ’* l’* * ■ <ho, you nro nt liberty lo ma'lH wont ’>sn or 0llr rco(»ltiti > r « s’re i-yiIroned to pro dfcrrlsu. gent per- urdi- I'rom the Ncw-YnrU Jmirnalut Cumuivree. CAPTl'ItE OF DON MIOL'F.I.’S FI.ft', f. Our Nows Schooner Journal of Mnnwiurc came up at half past four o’clock this morning with the important verbal report, brought b» Cap. Fnrrcn, of the l.rig Montevideo, who led Cadiz Ocl. 23, that the entire flat of Don Mi goel had surrendered In that of Don Pedro.— The report was generally credited in Cadiz. and received with apparent pleasure by the in habitants. Thn squadron of Don Miguel consisted of tlio Don Juan VI of SO guns and 77S men Princess Roynl frignto of 50 guns and -ISO men, Cybele sloop of war, 26 guns mid 231 men, Isabelle 2 J guns arid 100 men, bring Fegn 20 guns and 151 men. Total 21S guns 1006 men. All was ijuiet in Cadiz. The Q ice: had issued a decroo ofitmaostv Iowa suns engaged in treasonable couvpiru, ring the King's extreme aickne-s. win ever excluded fifteen persons. Km.: nind’.s healih was improving. Lniulnn, t.b /. 21. Conliiiuert Sucecus nf llm /’.•.leu —Pr'vate accounts have Seen received (fen: Madrid sla ting Hint a continued attach was rn i le on Opor to on thn 29lh and 30th Seplomh. r nod 1st Oct. The Miguelitos were oldigod to ahan- t|on their ou'posts, and have retreated 5 lea- giias from Oporto* King of Holland's IVnrW.c Snrrrli.—The speech delivered by tile King of I loll mil on ouening the Assembly of tho States-douernl. is nut of the milk-and-water rju iluv that royal speeches generally are. It lirca'iies war and ih Itanvo. llis M >j ;3ty complains ol'iitj iri.w, insults, and perfidy, lie says bn has made .• mcessions for tho snlte ol’peneo In the ex t,■■•me limits ofoondescensioo, ami as far us ■ he l.nnor and the interest ol'tho D.uelt nation will permit; but instead of these concessions h ading to an u.l jus'in-oil of the dispute, they have only hern fidlowod ' v ut■•n» unrensnnahle demands. These demands, he sayes, ennnot be acceded to. lie therefore rejects them, and pnirtl* lo his gun* ! lie tells the Confer- cnee that lie is ptepared f *r war—that ho is armed on thu whole of bis frontier—that his naval and military forces are in the most elfi. r iont stale—that his Militia are in ill ' field — that his viduntuer. uro ready to march—that h : s subjocta arc indigo ml ut thu wrongs they tiavo suffered, and are ready to inako nay na- rrtficu rather than tamely yicbl to ihu condi tion* of ihe. I.ondon diplomatists. This speech, therefore, lias nil thu impor tance ol a formal declaration of war. It pals an end to the protocols at unco. Tho Con- I'erenco arc told to do their worst. In short, it puls mi end to all further liegocinlinn ; and nnr that Kngland and Franco have held out menaces, they must cither carry these into cf feet, or retire from the task of Arhiirauiunt covered with obloquy nod scorn. Thn people of Holland arc determined to resist nil aticmpi- lo coerce them, and the King boasts of rei'uiv ing from" foreign powers repeated proofs of their sympathy.'’ He Received no such proofs from cither England or France, nnd therefore by fniei powers he must menu Prn.wa, Austria, nnd Russian. We have no doubt but that this is the case. Thcro is secret support some where . positive promises upon which llm king relies, nnd understood arrangements in which ho plates confidence. Meanwhile, England and Franco am preparing their fleets. Tl pilots on the Scheldt am roady to remove tin* buoys, and General Chnsse is sullenly siding by llis guns. The combined fl at is destined for that river, and its first nppenranca there will be tho signal for a genera' war. It will be na trifling ntTiir, a* some of llm gentlei..rn ol* the Slock Exchange seem to insinuate.— To blockade Unit,ml is a farce; this would only inpire the blockading power*, east Eng. land some of her best ships, interrupt the trade, and seriously afl'eet the manufaetures of this country. No naval armament can drive Chasm from the citadel of Antweip; and the moment a French military foren enters Belgium, the Prussian*, to the number of 100,000 men, will do t)i« same. 5 Rfl'l Inn*! «l<ivrn to jMMis'rity tli.it liberty umi tl*ui tmt»ri vhich '.vfi have rece:vetl Ir-nn otir F'llli-'m, ii ifl wtm U fnHiiltiie the d iiirt cj a n! inc .sSidd.i ot* all «>'ir ninga. ?;«*-• relations of mir country continue to prcHcnt l!i« y picture otH iiicrble i»»tereo'ir«e tint I ti tbc ‘ i-l.ictim t<» hold up in \ «it rn- ai in'* en ily ;»n»i--, ll-Mi'tshui£? i ,I • ol ,o I , the are opt niiig '*»r *-*ir c .miim.m'iih h, and a rmi #ivu ra»iif*f tor the • inplMmerit of our ships. u*iMii»*'niaii«in <>f iliu unties «»:i our commerce, iuc<*n wj-jti-ut with ilm spirit of the treaty, ha«l bor ir imposed hot i»»i lit*; rep:csi-utailull of «n»f Cliutgi.* tl 'Allairt;*, H has It it'd promp'lv viiJmIm • n, anil vsc now «• iij**v <h* trade and navi rati ni «st‘i».*• IJl-icU S» i. and of &.! thr purl.< b. Iuiij*i tj to tin* Tmk.sfi Kn.piru and Asia, ot tin m »-t p.?rt' ct iMjtjalii V wi*b all furpi.ra natiini! 1 . I svi.ih, earnifitlthat in announcin*'to you tl.ccoii- tifiU-iiK**' of I'rion liliij*, anil the iucrn.-.bij of a profitahl C0Mirnnici.il interu«uitao Aitp’ii.-.t, and the State* pa.'iy it with the usauta'i with t'nt iuti*rni't<a i-p th»'ir heioic devotion to t iovi'Ut.z* ha on the n**ar apptoaih ot that imiitoiable ; \nu rc«omtuendut by Congress, UihI a jortiifl of lit® ,,t hippc evmt, the < \tiru lion of the public i!i bt of thii waste lands owned by tl»c »taUs should be ceded to the ...t amt true nation. Paithtol to tin- vvveand |*atriotic , United Stans, for the purposes of general harmony, and li; v 11 talked out i*v the Ir^islation of the cottony for ns-a fund to meet tl»« expense* of the war. The rccom- ; H j,;r, t, tho pr* m’iiI sulniUi^tiolioii hno dt voted ’to it mendation was adopted, and at different treriodfi of time .ii! the jin unis whirli a lie’irishiii^'coitimcnv Ims biippli* d, thr* hUtr & ol iVliiysacliusetts, Mew- York, Virginia, North , LiuJ a prml. nt economy pu serveu for the public 'i rm.-u- and .south Carolina, and Georgia, granted their vacant r>. v\ jU;in the four vtius for which the pr ople have con- soil for tlw: uses for which they had been asked. At the hd* rl t.'.r i xccutivr {tower to my cltaigt, tihy-right mi!- lands may now he conaideted as relieved from this pledge, Ii. :ii ofilollais w ill have b< cn applied to the puynirnt of tin* object for wltich they were reded having been accoiu- t> pul,Hr drhi. 'i hat t!:i« lias been arcoaiphshtd with- ’ plislierl, it is in the diser« tion of Congress to dispose of ottl Minting t!ic expendituus for all otlu-r proper chjerts them in suchun; as best toc*jiuiuce to thequiet, luniUH wi!!b« - en bv r*! rrirg to the libml p.ovision made n y and general interest of tlio American people. In ex- dii. in m tiii f ..in: nt iu*l for tiit-* support i.iiri increase of cur auiiuiug tiis qtestioii, all local and sictional fctlingu .... ..." -. n't nut? and milifarv uVteuce, P >r internal fin- should Tie discarded, and the whole United Suite* regard removal and j cd ay one people, interested alike in the prosperity of their 4* V,l t provement** of a nutionai cliaraeter, fur the* rtmov * prcsenHlion of tlie Indians, mul lastly, tor the gallant ve terans of tho revolution. The final removal of this erre? burthen from our r<*. •Miiiices aflbrus the mean3 of fu.Un’r providoii lor all the ,f grnri "J welfare j*nd pubJie drl’rnee which tiic oiiimoit country. It ennnot be doubted that the speedy settlement of these land* com titan.-i the true interest of the republic. Tho wealth and sfirngUi «»i a country arc its population, and ■ , . .... best part of lh;it populalioti art* tin* cultivators of the constitution a> -orixes, and presents t)ieo**cayion lor such j ao jj # Ind- pendt nt fanners hr* every where the basis of further reduction i:» the revenue as may riot be r< (jmred j society and true friends of liberty. Ibr them. From the r< port of the Sccrctajy of the I r. a- j j n addition to.these considerations, questions Ijave al« sury, it v. ill be seen that after the* pres* ut year such u rc- ! rr^idy uris-tn and may lie exiicctcd hereufter to ijfow out tl the inere .M; ol a profitAtn«* may h<* made t*i a considcrahb: cxteid, and the ( 0 »* public lands, which involve the rights of the new \vii!i Mexico, Will. C'fiitrul S uJ,j (r t js euriHailv rceoniincnded to tire consideration of j States and the powers of the General Government: and ot the >'jii'Ii, I cvtutl a«-cou»- Congress, illitlie hope that the combined Wisdom of tlie unless a liberal policy lie now adopted, there is danger 1* that they a!I arc blei>3ea /,Vpr«'Hontuliv< s ofilie prop»lc will devise such means of j that these questions may speedily assume an importance lo Meai •- «Inch bm - .. rprcsontutivt s ot the people will devise such means of! tliat these questions may speedily assume an importance I foreign peace which effecting that salutary obj<«t, us may remove those bur- no t n0 w geueraily anticipated The inllueticc of a great *d their independencO thens which shall be found to fall-unequally uponuny, and j sectional interest, when Ixoimht into full action, wul bo smay proiuote all tlie grcal iiiteichts of the conniumity. j found more dangerous to the harmony and union of the :*!»• ii now car- desire to participate » *111111 hipiMiM * 1 t irefrai 1 fi imi »j ir:*^ u■•into ui i.i iliy •f-.*red, ar** t wnh few except 1 »*m, evinccJ by all natio'.is inth vvhiiiii we .»ive any interc ni'n*. This ileiinedo itiiie ef ttiings m»y h** Mt iinly ascfi!»c l t » •«»! •» , »'!«*vu. practice ol tti** mlc wltich has long •rni»!t.* I onr na tional police, to require no exclusive ptivdeg ■> in e*»'tt- m< rce, and to grant none, (l i» daily predu* ; ig its be neficial effect i t the respect shown t«* our D ig, <bo pro tection ofoureiti2**'.s and »h«*ir »n *i>eriy ahr**.t !, ami in the increase of our navigation and the ext •e«i |, o •»! otir mercantile operations. The returns which have been made out since We lost met, will show an in# reuse du- ... ring tho la.t precwling year, nf mnro than #> OttO'*«» *h.ch " '•».»->«"» "«"«« “» »«* P» r ' in o*ir shipping, and of near forty millions of dollars in ,,,, theaffgregatoof o ir imports and exports. Nor have wo less reason to felicitate ourselves 0:1 the position of our political than nf*mre*i n nereinlciti- us * , , eerns. fhev remain in the aiate in which heyweio. 1 .' ,e »*ycrnnient of Me Cent 11I America has •♦•hen I last a-ldresied you -a slate of prosperity and 7* ,r, "» •»? 1 ‘* rr,l;,r y h ur '> v ' h i d ‘ HO, » u l "" ,, peace, the effect of a wise attention to the pining ad-1 •*« ot foilenag a favorubl ire »•!’ the revered Fa'.hei of Ins country, ro ii- i-rc**; ft-j/ h*.ih f/3jtj< dis|H>si*ioii towards contest, wo look for intercourse, so necessary t nro e*»ntii»ii .us. Ilow importaot it will he to us, may calculate from ihe fact, th »t, even in ibis unfovor- aide stal^ oftJiiogtf, *mr lime commerce lias incren* Ht-d, an-l a.1 inter mi I trade by caiuvaus, from St. lamia lo santa Fe t under tin* prot«-c'ion ol t-corla fornislied by the fhtvcriuiient, is car.iiti on to great advantage, nnd is daily it.cn axioif. Too agents p:ovidcd for, by the treaty with iliis Power, to designate the boimda- hut one of tIk* evds of the civil war now raging then has been, that the appoiotment of those with whom •h»*y were toco operate has not yet been announced to us. xpoll • Jus •d into a maxim lor the im«* nf po-»*erit\, i, one of his no*t distinguished sucres oir *, »•* cubivate ,ee co*n oercc and honest I'riomls up with all na»i “ii». nit to make entangling alliances with none. A »trmi .dhcreuce to this ,»«)hcy has kept i*x a!o »flVom tlm per- dexing questions I hat now iiLMtnte the F.uropeaii worl I, in«1 have inure than once *1 :iug***i th«»s«r♦••moirit's with oiood. Should tlinse veenes o ifortu*iate*v r**enr, tie .arties to the ermtest may count 0:1 a faithful pt'ifor.u. unce of me duties incurnbeiil <m ns as a neoii ul *»*»tt and our own citiz :us may < *j isUy r»dv on the firm a* ♦ertion i»f their in*mral rights. W’i'li the naimo that was our oailiest friend and ul lv in 1 lit: infancy of our polhical existence, tile most friendly r**lati »us have subsisted llivnogh the late revo lutions of its Gi»vcrtmient, nml, fro-n the events of the (ast, promise a permanent duration. It has marie no ipproximation in sumo of it * pditicul iti.it itu?ions to our own, ami raised n monarch to the throne who pro serves, it is said, a friendly recollection of the period during which ho acquired among mir citi/.**ns the high consideration that could then have been proJuced by bis pern rural (pialifjoalioo* Our commerce with that nation is grudn.illy assipn iug a mutually beneficial character, and the adjust ment nf tlio claims of our cu liens has removed Ihe no- ly nhslaclo tticre*was, t«» an intercourse not only lucra tive, but pri’iluctivu n htvrary and dct-miiftc imptovo- •iicnt. From Great iSii'ain I have the siti-fict'mu to inf*rm voti that I continue to receive assurances of the most a nicidtle lisp*oition, which have, on my prut, on nil proper occasions, h-t n promptly and sincerely rccipro cale.l. T'ic attention of tbit Government lias laHcilt h* *‘0 »> imich engrossed by matters of n deeply inter esting do nestie character, that w«* enuM r. it press tip- on it the renewal of uegniiatious whi.di !iu«l been tin foitiiniicly broken otrhy tho unexpected re call ofnui 'linister, wh*» had commenced them with some hopes of ,-ucceas. My great object was the settlement of questions which, though now dormant, might hereof, ler be revived iindur circirnsta ices tlut *.vnnld cud.in- •• r the g »id u.iderst'indins which it is the iut* res' of both parlies to preserve inviolate, cemented a« it is by a community of language, manners ami social habits, and hy the h'^b obligations we owe to otir Umisli *ni to storsf.tr many of our in e*t vpluahle imniiutfous, and for that sy.steni of fiepre»culuiiv** (iovciii iiciit which •ns enabled us li preserve und inqpove t'ltnn. ThetjUesiinu of«mr North llislem Hoiind.iry s*itl rr- nains unsettled. In my last uunmil message, I ex- .•laioed to you the >itunnon in which I foe.ml that Imsi- or.sa 011 my cotiiin'.r into »*, nnd the measures I thought it mv duty to pur m.* for assert mg tho rights of 'lie United Stales before the Sovereign who had been chosen by mv predecessor to determine tho question and also thn nininer i.i whicli he had disposed of 11.— V npivial Mcs.iagi* l»» the Senate in their Executive picity. afterwards hronghl before them the question, whether they would advisea submission lo llm opinion of ilie Sovereign arbiter. That body having considered • lie award as not obligatory, and advised me lo open a further negotiation, 'lie proposition was immediately nude to thu llritis.h tiovernuvnt; hot the circumstan ces to which I have alluded have hitherto prevented any answer being given to the overture. Early attun< I it hi. however, has been promised to the subject end every effort on mv part will he unde for a sn'Mlneton settlement of this question, interesting to the Union generally, nnd parlieulmly so to one mu* me tuber j. The claims of our edi/.en* 011 .Spain are not yet at kti'twledgial. On a closer inveslig.ilion •>! then t• *u• • appears to liave heretofore taken place, it was disc** vorctl that some of these dmnands, ai*wevcr sir 11; they might be upon the equity of that g .verumeii., not such as could he mule the subject of nati* interference. Anti faithful to i^e principle i f a-ki .g iiolluog but wli.it waiclca.lv tight, u idjtioii.il instruc tions have been scut to* modify our demands *,• as to embrace those only oil which, according lo the laws ol nations, wo had a strict right to inu-t. An ioetitabh delay in procuring tho documents nt cc«.*nry tor this review of the merits of these claims retarded Ibis opera tion, until an ii'sfortuntilu malady which has afllicted Jus Catholic Majesty, prevented an examination of them. Being now for the first time presented in an unexceptionable form, it iscoutidenily hoped the appli cation will ho successful. I ha »e 1 lie Hiiisiiiction to inform )i u, that the appli cation I directed to be undo lor the deliv* ry of n part **1' ilm archive* of Florida, which Imd heon curled to the II ivannu, h»s produced a ro\ui order lor t ». ir delivery, and that measures have been taken to ptocilro lis exe- euii'in. By the rejunt «»f the Secretary of State communica ted lo you on the *2.»th Juno last, you were i d’ormed ot the c ueliti m il re.lucion, obtained hy die Mioistor ol •ho United S’atcs at Madrid, of itiedniie* on toiinag** lifvi'ilon V unrican shippi*ig m the port* of Spain. The «*onililion of that reduction having b<'»*u complied with •»n •♦nr pur*, by the act passed the I3'l» of July Iasi, I have tho satis fiction to inform you tiut our ship* now pav n » higii* r nor other duties in tim cotiti oMidil port* of Spain, than ire levied on their national vessels. I he d**,H inds agms? Poriugal for illegal raptures in the hhick'ido ol'Tercoira, have b«wn allowed to the foil amount of the accounts presented hy theeti.i imutv, and pavment was promised to bo made in three instalment*, Pl»e first nf these has been pud,—the second al tcmg 1 doe, hod not, at Urn dale of our last advii o-*, hern eeived; owing, die Ii nation is engaged ♦aile h'i »n t •ward** t:s, *\l»ich has ion.hern evinced bv t* : is i: :i,s*‘<:oml ulte op.'. i*» 1 iiatieinferro'iisc wish t 0 ,,,!r | Long and patient rcfl-etion bus rtrcngtiicm-d the opni- | States Ilian any other cause cf discontent: and it is endly t ions I have heretofore txprc*.*ed Ut Congress on this fcub-1 p ar t of wiadom and sound policy to foresee its anproaci« 0 '. To t!o.' t*ruiin«tion of this jject; and I deem it my duty on the present occasion, a- j ttI ,d endeavor if poseride to counteract them. * o cs'abli-hment of that secure i gain to urge them ti|>oji the aJfuition of Ihe I/Cgislature. | Ofthevaiioits schemes which have been hitherto pro- iimns whose tcriitoriis The soundest nmxims of puhlic policy and the principles posed in regard to the disposal of the public Iand3, none ii|)on which our r<publican i'lstitutioiis arr founded, re- , |, :is yet received the entire approbation of the National eommend a projar adoption of the r« venue b» the exi.on- j Legislature. Deeply imprestred w ith tlie importance of a diture, and they also require tJ.’ul the ex|M!nditure shall fo- 1 speedy andhalisfacto/y arrangement ofthr fwbjfctJ deem it my duly on this occasion to urge it upon your consider ation, nnd, to the pnrpositfor.s irhich have been heretofore, suggested hy others, to contribute those reflections whicli have occurred to me, in the hope that they may assist you in future deliberations. It Henna tome lo be our true policy that Ihe public hinds shall cease oh soon ns practicable to be a soune of revenue, nnd that they be sold tosettlers m limited parcels ul jwprice barely sufficient lo reimburse to the U. State*, the fxpens?* of the pres* nt system, nnd tlie cost arising under our Indian compacts. The advantages of accurate surveys'nnd undotihfcd titles, now secured to purchaser*, seem to forbid tho abolition of the present system, because none can !*<.* substituted which will more peifortly accom plish these important end*. It is desirable, however, that iu convenient time this machinery be withdrawn from tho stub s, and that the right of soil nd the future disposition of it ho {surrendered to the h tales respectively in which it lies. morn than one filer* sting country, | :i*, to establish a di hut til** death of tb bed cit'/.-11 whom I had appointed for that jeirpoM, his retarded f ,, «* execution of measures from w'biefr-I imped nmc , i lolva’tlwge !<♦ our e<» 'tinerce.— Theunjou of the three •St:» , **s ♦» hieh formed tho ll**pid*- li** »«f Cdltiifthh ‘. is heon di-s* Ived ; hut they till, it is h< luived, omH.der iheinseb# s separately bound by *h»* t reaty whii.di wits unde in Mieir federal rapacity. Tlie Minister accredited the Federation c«»nlluiiea iu !»:it ciiarubtor near the Uovetninent ef New Grenada; and hirpes were entertained, that a new Union would ho formed hot woe o the separate States, nt least, for 1 he purpose of foreign intercourse. Our Minister has been instructed to im»* his good offices, whenever they shall ho defiled, to pioducc the re-imfon *n much to h.» wi-hed, f*r tho «lo<n**stio trainpiillily *»f tlio parties, and tho security and fue.ilitv of foreign Commerce. Struo agilatmns, nritiirr.lly allcndunt on an infant reign, li ivo prevailed in i!ie empire of Brazil, which have had the usual HIcct upon commercial operations; nnd w hile they suspended the consideration of claim* create.Ion siuihar occi dm Vliey have given rise to new eouip'ninls on the part of our citizens. A proper eon ; iJeraii ut for calamities and difficulties of this nature, has made us lem urgent and peremptory in otirdeiuandi for j iitice,than duty to nor ic low e,iti/.* ns would, under othercirfo.nsturu'oi, have required. But their claim* arc not neglected, and will on all proper occasions bu urged, nml, it is hoped, wiihcftect. I refrain from making any communication on the subject of our affairs with Buenos Ayres, beciiHc the ueeutia'inu communicated to y<*u in mv last message, was, nt the date* of our la.-t novices, siill pending, ami i 1 .1 state that would louder a publication of the details inexpedient. A Treat v of Amit y nnd Commerce has been formed with the l»epuhti(! ot Cluti, w hieli, if approved by the Senate, will be laid before ion. That Itoverumt *e**ms to lr*established, nml ut peace with its uei*j bo.s ; »:i>l it* p.»rJt» b"ing the re.4i>rls*>f our ships w»» are employed in the I'.igiilv important trade of the Ji; cries, this commercial convention cannot but be of great advantage to our fellow citizens engaged in that perilous hut profitable business. Our commerce with the neighboring Stale of Fern, owing to tho onerous duties levied on our principal articles of exp Tt ha t been on tho decline,and all cudea vers to poHmre an alteration have hitherto proved fruit le*s. Whir Bolivia, wo have yet no diplomatic inter course, and thn continual contests carried 011 between it and Peru,have made me defer, until a more favorable perhid, the apiHiintmen* of any agent for that purpose An act nfniMoiom piracy having been committed o*i one of our trading ships hv tho inhabitant* of u settle- ment'O'i the west co.»«t of Sumatra, a frigate was deg. patched wt’li ordei* to demand satisfaction for the in- »nrv,if those whocoiiinettod it sSiouhl In- found to he mom bvrsofn regular g *vem*nent, eapab'e of maintaining if»e iish'al'r* fafi >n.» wim Foreign naiion*; hut if, a* it wa* *upp »*♦ d, and us they proved to l>e, they were 1*. hand of lawless pirates, t»inflict such a chastisement as wutdu deter lh**ni am! otlwr* from like aggression*. This last was done, a id the effect has been an increased respect for otir flag in those distant seas, and addition al security for our commerce. In the view I have given of our connexion with For- . inn Power*, nlln-ion* have hern made to th«*ir domes- »ie distiirliaur-s or foreign wars, lo their revolutions or iissnnsions. It may he proper to oliserve, that this 1* lorn* solely in eusert where those events nflVct our po- '•lie/il rein lions w ith thetii. or t*» show their operation on .rn eonroer* e. Further than this, it is neither our pot- •rv nor our right t«* Interfere. Our best wiihes on all censi.ins, our go*<d oti'n es w hen required, will henffor- ,l«*d, to proom t* 1 be domestic tratrquiliily, and foreign pence of all nations with v h-m we have any intercourse. \nv intervention in their I'ftirs f*ir*her than this, even hv I bo expression ofnn official opinion, is contrary to our principles id* iiiternati t.ia! pxdiry, uihl will alwuvs he avoided. The report wldebtlie Secretary of the Treasury will, iti dufctime, Inv b* f»re you, will exhibit the national fi- mioresin a highly prosperous state. Owing to the con tinued success of our enmmeiciaf enterprise, which Ins enabled the merchants to fulfil their engagement* with government, ihe receipt* from customs during the year, will exceed the estimate presented at the last session ; and with the other means of the Treasury, will prove folly adeqna’c not only to meet tlio increased expendi tures resulting from the large appropriations undo hv Congress, but to provide for the payment of all the public debt which is.if present redeemable. It is now estimated that the custom* w j!| yield to the Treasury, during the presont year, Howards of twenty-fight mill ions of dollais. The public lands, however, have prov ed less productive than was anticipated; and acc »r- di >g to present information, will not much exceed two nilli«*ns. The expenditures fur all object a other than ilie p'dr'ie debt, are csiimat d to amount during I’m year,to about sixteen miUio-t* anil 1 h If w bile a still lar- pum. viz: eighteen •••ilhnns of dollar*, will have been applied to tlie principal und interest of the public fobt. It is exp* et-'.|, however, that in •*>ns*'qcnee of tlie ri*- luced *“»tof dntv which wi’l take off limit' (I to what, hy an economical administration, shall he consistent with the simplicity of the Government, and necessary to an efficient public service. In effort in" this adjustment, it is due injustice to the interests of the dif- ferent States, and even to tho preservation of the Union itself) that the.protection afforded hy existing laws to any branches of the national industry should not exceed what may Ik* necessary to counteract the regulations of foreign nations, and to secure a supply of those articles of manu facture, e«s.'nti:ri to the national independence and safety in time of war. If, upon investigation it shall b.* found, as it is believed it will he, that the Legislative protection granted to anv particular interest is gienfcr than is imlis- nensjihly requisite for tliese objects. I recommend that ii lie gradually diminished, nml that as far ns may he con sistent with thu* object*, the whole s**hemc of duties Ih reduced to tlie revenue standard as soon a* a just re*:n.d to the faith of the Government, and to the preservation of the large capital invested in cxtabli.duncnui of domestic industry will permit. That manufactures idcqu;*t n to t 1 *** -amply of our do mestic consumption Would, in tin* abstract, he benefVial to o*ir rountry ilicre is no r**nson to doubt; and to f ff*et th* ir establishment, there is, ri**rh:i;v»,no American citiz«*n W’lio would not for a whil', bo willing in pay a higher pri e tor t*i'*m. Bt for thi« pir: 0-0, it is pr*■•euivd that a Tariff of high duti***. de'Kigned for p: rpctual protection lias entered intotlwininds of hut few of our statesmen.— Tlie most they have autiej? ated is n t**inporary und gen erally incidental protection, which they maintain has the (•fleet lonxlucc the |*rice hy domestic competition below that of the foreign article. HxfterietH-v, however, on lust guide on this, as on other subjects, muku* it doubt lul whether the advantages of this system uro not coun terbalanced hy many evils, and wh* ih<rit doe* not tend to beget in the minds of a large pottiou of our country men a spirit, of discontent and jealousy d in^vruiw fo tlie stability of tlie Union. Vfluit thin shall be done? Largo iat rtsfs grown up under tin* implied pl.dge of our naliotud legi*- lation w hi. ii if w ould seem a violation of public faith slid- th nly toalnudon. Nothing could justify it but the pub- lie safety, which is tlie supreme lew. But thove who have vested their capital in iiianufuclurieg establisl.iiUTiN cannot expect that the peordp wifi c<»oiinii6 permanently to pay high taxes for their benefit when the money is not required for any legitimate pui |»ose *n the admiuistrulioii ofthe Government. Ts it not enough that the high du ties have been paid as long as the money arising from them could b * applied to the common hue ill in tlie < xtiu- guishment oft he jmfdic debt? 'Those who take un enlarged vr»*w of the condition of our e*nmtrv must be satistlrxl that the polic y of protection must be ubimat’.’ly limit'd to those irtichs ot donn stic Manufacture which arc* indixp-.-n* ride ;*» our sat* t v in time of war. Within this scope, on 11 reasonable scale, it is recommended hv every consideration of patriotism and dillv, which will doubtless always wetuu to it u liberal and cflicient support Butbevou l Ihi* object, wo have already hccii tho operation of the system”productive of discontent- In some sections of She republic its influence is deprecated as tending tucouci'iitidtc vr» ahh into a few hand*, and a* creating those germ* of dependence and vice which in other countrie s have charucteris'-d ffie exis tence of monopolies, and proved *•♦ destructive* of liberty ■md the genera! good. A large portion oftli** people in one section of the republic declines it uotordv inexpedient on tliese ground*, but as disturbing the equal relations of property by legislation, nnd therefore unconstitutional and mniist. IXnihtles*, these effects are, in a groat degree,exagger ated, anil may Ik? ascribed ton mistaken vii.vv of flic con siderations whi* n l«si to the ailoptionof the'Tariff system; hut they are nevertheless important in enabling ns’to le- view tlio subject with a more thorough knowledge of all its iK'uringH upon the great interests of tin* republic, and with n determination to di*|H>se of il sothut none can w ith justice complain. It is mv paiu.'.tl duty to state, that i*i one qn.utcrof the Unit:<1 States, op|K>sition to the revenue luws bus rii^n to 11 height whicli tlirratens lo thwart their execution, if not to endanger the integrity of thu Lnion. Whatever obstructions may ho thrown iri the way of the Judicial Authorities of tho General Goxernmenf, il is hoped they w ill he able* peac-aldy to overcome them hy tlio prudence of tlieii own officers u ui the patriotism of the people.— But should this reasonable reliance on the moderation and good sense of all portions of our fellow-citizens ho disnp- }minted, it is b. !i- vet! th; t the laws t.icmsi Uts arc fully a*lcqu.ite to the suppression of such attempts ns may be 1 extension of tho pov iminediatt ly made. Should the exigency arise, render-1 ?>eyond the limit1 ha ing flic execution of the existing laws imp', acticuble from any cause whatever, prompt notice of it will b«* given to The ul venturous and hardy population of fhc West, !>Mit!td contributing tluir equal share of taxation under our impost syM?in, Have i:i the progress (Tour govern ment, for the land* they occupy, paid into tlie Treasury a large pro; oition of iO millions of dollars, ^ of ihe revenue- received IInTtflom. but a small part has been cxpcmit J amongst them. When, to the disadvantage ot'their situa tion i;i this n Xpert, we add tin consideration that it i* tlicir labor alone w bit ii gives rial value to the lands, and dial the proceeds arising from their solo are distributed dm fly among states which Had not originally any claim to Ih* in, nnd which have enjoyed the undivided enrolunient ariring ol,r from flic sale oftheir own lands, it cannot Ik; expected that the* new Flat* * will remain longer contented with Ihe pre sent policy at ter the payment of the public debt. To 1- vert tlie const quern es which may l>o apprehended from tf'l* • mis*?, to put ati end forever to all partial and interes ted legislation on the pubj.'cf, and to afford to tmy Am- erica * 1 eitr/en of enterprise, the opportunity of Kcruring an md« pendent freehold, it s**ems tome, tliereforc, best b» ahni.don the idea of raising a future revenue out of tlio public funds. In former m ^rg: 3 I have expressed my conviction* that the constitution does not warrant tint appli cation of the funds - of the General Government to objects of Ii.teinal Improveimnt which are not na tional in their character, and both ns a means of doing justice to all interests, and putting an end to a ionise of legislation calcub.ted to destroy the purity of the Govern- incut, have urged the necessity of remiring the whole std*- jeet to some fixed und certain uric. As there never will occur a period, perhaps, more propitious than the present lo the accomplisruMcnf of this object, l b g leave to pnsr* the Mihj«'( t again upon your attention. \\ iti tout sotn-* g< nerai and well di fined principles a.*- cert.iining th*we ol»j* cts of internal improvement to whirfi the iiicanN of the Nation may be conxtitutionulty applied, it is obvious that the ••xerc:**.* of the p(*w*’f ran never In? jftitiffiictoiy.^ Beside* the danger to which it exposes Uongrcss of making hasty appropriations to works of tho character of which they may b • frequently ignorant, it pio* nude* n niiselii. \ou* and coirtipling inflnence upon elec tion*, by boMing out to the people the fallacious hope that the sue ecsri of a c. rtain candidjite will make navigable llwir nrighlwiing creek or rrr. r, bring eruuQicrce to tluir ri(MUMuiidinm>ft*< the value *,f tin t, property. It thief favors combination* to wtunndrr the firjisirre of tin* coun try upon 11 niultitndr of i<*cal object?, as f.i3:d to just legis lation as to the purify of public men. If a sysf(*«icon:natiW#*irifh the con^ftirtron cannot be devis.’d, which is free frtmi inc!i tendencies, wc rhotiM re collect that that instrument prorith * wifhin i!;»clf tlia uvslc of its amendment; und that there L, therefore, n*> excuse for tho iiMinnnliou of doubtful p«m'ers by the gen eral government. Iftho*e w hich ure clearly granted sUll he found ineomp t* nt to t!»c cuds of it:- cr« iljon, it enn ot nr.yTi.no cpp!y_ for tlii ir eulargcineul; and liter* is no pre- habilitv tliat meh nn uppliention, if founded on the public. iterest, will ever be r» fus-d. If tin* propriety of the propo sed grant Ik* not sufficiently apparent to < oimuand the as sent ofthrec-fnmtbsof the states, the best possible reason why the power should not he assumed on doubtful autliori- tyiy«fiord* d fl»r if more than one* fourth of the states arf m- willing to nuke the grant, its exercise will bo productive ef discontents which will fur oveihalunce any advantages tlmf could be derived from it. AH must admit that there is nothing *0 worthy off he constant solieittidr of this go vernment, ns the harmony and union of the people. Being sofymnly impresari with the con vie tion, that tho of tho power to make internal improvements have suggested, even if it be deemed (institutional, is subversive* of the best interests of our intry, I earnestly recommend to Congress to refrain Congress, w itli the suggestion of such views ami mea- j from its exercise, in (louhtfid cases, except in relation to Mures as may be deemed necessary to mc.M it. itnproveinenf* nlremly iiegtin; unless they shall first pro- In conformity with principfes fie*«*tnfl»ro explained, arid j cure from tho Stab * such nn nrnendment of the Cnnutita* il ^iuv'*rnnent to | tion as will (Mini* its character and prescribe its botindV, with the bojm of Rilucing th" that simple macliino whic!; t ie Constitution Cioutnl, und of withdrawing from tins JSluteH ;*ll other inlluencc timn that of its universal bcnificcnce i.i preserving peace, af fording an uniform currency maintaining the inviolabili ty of contracts, diffusing intelligence, and discharging unfelt its other supenutending funetioos, I recomnv nd that provision bo made to dispose of all stocks now held by it in corporations, whether cron ted by the General or S’tute Government*, and placing 1I1*’ proceeds in the* Treasury. As u source of profit, tk. so stocks arc of little or no value; as a means of influence among tlm States, they are adverse to the purity of our institutions. The whole principle on which they are bas- d, is deemed hv many unconstitutional, and to persist in tin* policy which they indioat** is considered wholly i.ie\j>ec!unt. ft is my duty to acanaint you with an arrangement made by the Bank df trie United States with a pot lion of the hohfers of the 3 per ef. stock, hv which the Govern- cwarily led to the interposition ofthe Government. A ment will he deprived ofthe u:;e of tlie public funds long- ‘ portion ofthe troops under Generals Scottand Atkinson, er than wom anticipated. By ttii* arrangement, which i and ofthe militia oftlie state of Illinois, were colled into will bo particularly explained by the S-rn tary of the the field.^ After a harrassing warfare, prolonged hy the If tlie .States feel the mselvi a com intent to these object*, whv s!ioul*l this government wiwi to assume the power ? If they do not, th< n they will not hesitate to make tho giant. Botii governments are the Governments of the people? improvements must be made with the money of the people: und if tho money ran Ik* collected and applied by tliose more simple nnd economical political machines, the State Governments, it will unquestionably he safer and better for lire p**ople, than to add to thy splendor, the patronage, nnd the power of the General Government. But ifthe peoplooftne several States think otlierwise they will amend tire Constitution, and iu thetr dreision all ought cheerfully to acquiesce. For a detailed nod highly satisfactory view of the ope rations of tlie War Department, I refer you to the accorn* pnnving r.|*ort ofthe Secretary of War.* The hostii.* incursions of the Sue nnd Fox Indians lic it* duties. Such measures as are within the reach efthe Secretary b> the troops engaged in the service, ven* as is the lesson to the Indians, it was renden dneees- v by their unpr.vokcd aggression*; and it is to be ho- •h will take effort after th" 3d of . . .. . ^ r . f March n^xt. t 1 !"-*' wi!’ be a considerable falling off in thu I of the Treasury have been taken to enable him to judge p«*d that it<* impression will be permanent and salutary. wuNiftfonni eiiitoms i*i th:; year IS33. It will, never-1 wliether the public deposit*’* in that institution may he rv- This campaign Ims evinced tlie efficient organization of 01, m «fi« uturw imii »aii wnnv-, oven ic- tiieb***, bo aurjlv *u foeient to provide for all the wants of ( ganled as entirely sate; but as his limit'd power may the Army am! its capacity for prompt and active ser ving, it wax alleg'd, to eui-Mi'rasstietiis in |,,p mtblie 8" r vico.i*stiin:ite«| even upon a liberal scale., prove inadequate to this object, I recommend the subject 'ice. Its’ several departments have performed tlwir fanc- •s, consequent on the civil war in which that - nn*l f»r the red.'inntion and purchase ofthe reunimfor of to th* attention of Congress under the firm belief that it tions with energy and despatch, and the general move- ' J tb»’pim!i" debt. On the first of January next, the entire ' U worthy ofth*'ir serious investigation. An inquiry into ! ment was satisfactory. •'* » T ***»^t «•*•« ^ »'“* * 1“^* tnnjn^iianj .aCfl... Our fcllow citizens upon the frmtiers were ready, os tls’V always ire, in the tender of th**ir services in the hour of danger. But a more efficient organization of our mi litia system h ess^ntiid to tbnf^’curity which is oneofthc principal objects of all Governments. * Neither our situa tion nor our institutions, require or permit tire maint.i- nance of a large regular force. History offors too many lessons of tV fatal result of such a measure not to warn gainst it* adoption here. Tlie expense w hieh attend* • , , 1 . . . i ing fund, however, l**ing invested with PU! authority t*> . J rr fl r ^* , y sdvices from otir Charge d puraha*** the debt at the market price, and the mean t ot* Affaires at Naples, iliat government had stdl delayed tV'T'nwmntbring amnK it miv behon^l tiiat thew role the Miistartron due to our citizens; but, nt iliat dale, will bo extinguished within the year IS37. loa-ora *af.. de[io.i'oryni'tho mon >y.ifthe piv.pli-. Atmn«r interests whfch merit the ronndcratina of ’on^n s., after thn pannent "I'the fin'ilir ft, lit, one ol'tho moot important in my view i. that of the public laml?.— the.*Ktnf»he ...»instruckm. no, kown. Do.i ,r^iiur end my JVcvioal.>thetonnifion of