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ajt. ' MR. FORSYTH’S SPEECH, In Senate, February 25th, 1833. debate on mh. clay’s tariff bill. Mr. Forsyth said—one thing had been con- - -ciuBtvely established by the discussion, that the bill was bad. It was taken by all, not as good in itself, but as probably good in its effects.. He voted forit with all its imperfec tions on its head, relying upon the declare- tions of those who ought to know that it would put an end to the distractions of South Caro lina! He would have voted for it with pleas ure as somewhat better than the act of 1832, if the second section had been expunged; as it was, he did it reluctantly, confiding in the disposition of his fellow citizens to bear with. Out complaint their portion of the. additional hurden of $144,000 for the ensuing year, as their irritated neighbors were willing to en dure yet a larger part. * The Senator from Massachusetts had re- peated to-day a question he asked some days since. How could those who should vote for this bill attempt hhrdafter to modify or repeal it, in the face of the pledges upon it ? Mr. . Forsyth had no difficulty in giving- a distinct and satisfactory answer to this enquiry. Those who voted for, were no more bound to . regard the law, (and it would be nothing more,) as sacred, than those who voted against .it. It was to be obeyed while it existed, but was changeable like all other laws, the follies en- grafted upon it to the contrary notwithstand- iqg. The idea of pledges was every where - given up. How far the circumstances under 1 which it was passed gave firmness and endu rance to its provisions, was another affair; That was for !he people to judge j for him- self,he considered himself as totally uncommit, tedto enaureitasinglemoment beyendthe time it should be of public benefit. Had any scruple been felt on this point, it must have b een removed 7|| by the declarations of the Senators from Ken- tucky(Mr. Clay)and Delaware (Mr. Clayton.) They had- openly anticipated a better and more effectual bill of protection within the nine years, founded on a looked for change of public opinion in the Western States. Mr. Forsyth anticipated a further modification, if . not q complete abandonment of the protective (system, from -a progressive and progressing change of public opinion in the Western, Middle and Eastern States. Mr. Forsyth congratulated himseir that a few days of reflection had shown that the I ■ -v suggestions he had thrown out when the Sen. ator from Kentucky (Mr. Clay,) asked leave to introduce the bilk ami for which he had been somewhat fiercely assailed from all quar ters, were not entirely so unreasonable and anti-paCific as they had been denominated; The validity of the constitutional objection had Been substantially conceded. The Sen ate, too, to save-time, had waited for the bill from the House of Representatives, and it was now admitted that to wait for the next Con gress to settle this vexed question, would be a losing game to the manufacturers. The Sen ator from Kentucky says he saw the torch about to be applied to bis favorite system, and he seeks to snatch it away. He did more ; he demonstrated that it was in imminent per- i!> Mr. F. recommended to the Senator from Maine, [Mr. Sprague,] who had rushed upon him with so much knightly fury for ex pressing this opinion some, days since, to couch his lance and charge upon the Senator from Kentucky, whose crime was certainly the greater, as lie had taken the trouble to prove what Mr. Forsyth had only asserted. The Senator from Massarhucetts has spo ken of the absurdities of the bill very truly. Theif are itumcrous and inevitable. Mr. F. had endeavored to remove them, not succee ding, he was contented to take them for the sake of peace, although certainly not a little surprisedPthat they were deemed necessary or sufficient to secure peace. Had the reduction of duties in*thc time specified been alone in sisted on, all would have been well-—introdu- ciug the pros and cons necessarity begat con fusion and contradiction. Fire and water united produce smoke—oil and vinegar sha ken into union produce air bubbles—directly opposite political or politico-cconomieal opin ions acted upon in concert produce absurdity. The moderate men of both parties have not United to arrange this question. They are not numerous enough at present to ‘ effect it. But the fire and sword opposers of the tariff "Wave entered, into negociation with the plun- dcrersof the South. • The, robbers and the Tebelshad made terms together. F. in using this language, begged to be understood as 8peakingof the parties not as he thought of "them, but as they spoke of one another.] The question was, how much black mail was to be pajd to the Caterans, and for how long, for the contingent promise of future immunity from their predatory inroads. . Both parties must have ground to stand upon for defence before Itheir respective adherents. Hence the contradictions of the. bill. In one point of vie wit was all protection—protection, the right of plunder, admitted by the payment of security money falling as low as 20 per cent, and there to stand forever. In an other it was all free trade and sailor’s rights the rev enue being to be reduced to'the wants of an economical administration of the government, in 1842. Both sides admit that all this is to depend upon contingencies oyer which we have no controlling power, but here is the ba sis of argument on both sides, and each imay claim a triumph, and support the claim, quo ting the bill as a compromise. Mr. F. did not think that either side could safely ciy out with crooked back Richard— ion was of any value, Mr. F. would not with hold it. He thought the highlanders had made the best of the bargain. The Senator .from South Carolina, [Mr. Calhoun,] had introduced again the topic of the bill passed a few days since in the Senate and now just passed in the House of Repre sentatives-—the bloody bill—the bill to repeal the Constitution. Mr. F. regretted to hear that Senator introduce* again that topic, he had been heard on it before at large with in dulgence, and .all the attention due to his character and the peculiar position in which he stood. This ought to have satisfied him. If cannot have escaped the Senator’s obser vation that oh this subject he is struggling against public opinion. Mr. F. would not add any thing to what he had said when the bill was discussed. But there was one remark made by the Senator, which was almost ex clusively. applicable to himself and his friend from Virginia, on the other side of the Cham ber, [Mr. Rives.] The Senator, said, no one who valued his reputation for candor, could deny that that bill was a violation of the Con- stitution, if he admitted that the Constitution was founded on compact—Now, Mr. F. said, we [Mr. Rives, and himself,] adimit that the Constitution is founded on a compact between the people of the States for themselves, and for their States. We are the only persons expressing that opinion, who have partici pated in the discussion and voted for the bill. [Mr. Calhoun interposed and said, he ho ped the Senator from Georgia would take his whole proposition between the States as sep arate, independent communities, and still sub. sistiog as independent communities united by compact.] ‘ , . • Mr. F. stud, he did not understand the re mark to have been so qualified. It was not important, however, to enter into the opinion in detail. He had expressed and he now re peated his conviction, for.which he claimed all the credit for sincerity due to that, expres sed by the gentleman from South Carolina, that the bill passed by the two Houses was constitutional and expedient. He knew well he was to be assailed on that ground, and was quite ready to meet the assault. Standing alone more than once before his constituents, he had never failed to receive a patient hear- ing, and never was or would be deserted by them while he was sustained by reason and justice. Mr. F. heard with pleasure that the Tariff was to be no longer discussed ; that the bloody bill was to take its place as the bat tle word iu the next Southern campaign. The old subject was threadbare as a matter, of dis pute; a pretty quarrel enough until it was spoiled by the late explanation. It was now time to look for something new, and the ' bill “ to repeal the'Constitution” might serve for a term until something better offered. Mr. F. rejoiced to hear that the contest was to be bloodless; there was to be no force. Paper bullets of the brain were to be substituted for musket balls : the cannons of the press for the cannon ofthe artillerist, steel pens for steel bay. onets; and - the cartouch box was to be thrown aside fore ver.while we are to stick to what should never have been abandoned, the great panacea for all our political evils, the ballot box. With this change in the mode and material of war, the Republic was safe. To the end of the con test Mr. F. looked with a confidence propor tioned to his knowledge of the enlightened people who were to award the palm of victory. Mr. F. could not refrain from addressing a few words to those of his Southern friends, \vho were so censorious during the past year •ofhis vote against the indefinite postponement of the bill of 1832. He was accused of abandoning his opposition to the principle of protection. He surrendered, they maintain ed, this principle, and yet now at this day his honorable friends were about to vote with turn for this bill, confessedly a bill of protection (protection its great and only end) for nine, years. Admit 1 he right to protect for ari hour, hud theoretically and practically it is admit ting it forever. The amount of protective du- ty is also unimportant to the principle. A duty of 20- per cent, not for revenue but pro tection, is.an abandonment of opposition to the principle as complete as a duty of one hun. dred. Mr. F. referred to this matter with no feeling of resentment to those who had differ ed with him, or of gratification at their chang. ed position, simply to satisfy those who were disposed to condemn him, that they had not done him justice. They act now as he had ac ted then. They make the most of the cir. cumstances of the hour ; are willing to ad mit some evil, that greater evil may not fall upon us. So far as his opin- spots distinguished by the happening of some great event, or risen .an memorials.of the once active virtues of departed worth.. Frail man is ever apt to forget the past, and seek new hope of pleasure in the future. He seldom learns from the experience of others the menus of attaining what he aims at, and too often stumbles over a new unbroken tract, unmindful of the brightest objects by which he might trace his road t»-> those distinctions, after which natural desir^,y>o ardently, tofts. Hence enlightened posterity canonize the fame of their ancestors by emblems the most unfading their minds can devise, or their pow ers execute. Such is our constitution, that the strongest appeal to , our better feelings, is through the medium of our grosser facul ties. •>y-' . Thus monuments are lasting incentives with those who view them, to imitate the vir- tues they commemorate, and attain, t by their life and spirit, glory and honor. Nations share in the Simmon sympathies of nature, and participate in all the honors heaped upon their *mighty dead.' In looking upon this monument, (raised chiefly by the munificence of a patriotic individual,) the citizens of these States will remember that they are brothers. They will remember that here lie the ashes ofthe Mother, of “ the Father ofhis Country.”, They will acknowledge, too, this just jtrib. utetothe merits of her, Who, early deprived-' of the support of her consort, encouraged and fostered by precept and example, the dawn-' i.ig virtues of her illustrious Son, and nurtured into maturity ’ those noble faculties, which were the ornament and glory of* her waning years. . . They will acknowledge the hallowed char acter of this romantic spot, ever to be re- membered as the place chosen for her private devotions; the spot to which she often led her offspring, and pointed fo the order and beauty ofthe works of nature here so emi nently displayed, taught their youthful minds to contemplate the power and' benevolence ofthe great author of their being. . Here she taught tho attributes of God, that to him, qs their Creator, all praise belonged—that to glorify him was the object.of their creation, and to this end their every , pner^y should be devoted.. Here she, askqd a^a dying request, that her mortal remains mig^t rest. Hallow, ed be this wish—Sacred this spot—lasting as time this monument—Let us cherish the re membrance of this hour—Let us carry with us hence, engraved on our hearts, the memo, ry of her, who is interred. Her fortitude, her piety, her every grace of life, her sweet peace iu death, through her sure hope of a blessed immortality. ' ' “Now are our brows bound with victorious wreaths: Now is tho winter of our discontent Made gloriotts summer by this sun of York; And all the clouds thatlow’red upon our'House, In the deep bosom ef the ocean buried.,, But if they could, the sound would be more pleasing to his ear than the trumpet call for one hundred thousand bayonets to reduce the rebellious spirits of the South, or the war erv of the gallant general to extract a promise from his inflamed auditors to follow him “to General intelligence* ■ address Of Gect. W. Bassett, Chairman ofthe Mon umental committee, to tho President of the United States, upon the occasion of laying the Corner Stone of the Monument to the Mother of Washington, in the vicinity of Fredericksburg, (Va.) May 7th, 1833. In the name of the Monumental Commit tee, I present you, General, the plate which is intended to distinguish that stone (just ad justed by the Master of the Lodge,)'as the corner stone of . this pile. I am happy, Sir, that he, who has defended ,his country’s rights, when periled in the cause of freedom her cities, when the haughty foe, confident of success, pressed eagerly to seize their beau, ty and their booty ; has bled for her, risked life, fortune and honor in her cause, Jts here to add to the hpnors of this occasion- Who to meet to make a pilgrimage to this shrine of hallowed relicks? Who so fit to seal the stone which crowns the corner of s, monu ment to the Mother of Washington, as he who now occupies that exalted station, first filled by the son of that Mother. Let the occasion, General, and its circum stances, excuse this, while we turn to remark more immediately on the object of our pres ent regard. If we look to the page of history, or survey the earth, we see monuments have in every age, in every dime, marked those THE PRESIDENT’S REPLY.fr Sir—To you, and to your colleagdes of the Monumental Committee, I return my ac knowledgements for the kind sentiments you have expressed towards me, and for the flat- tering terms in which they have been convey, ed. I cannot but feel tbit I am indebted to your partiality, and not to any services of my own, for the warm hearted reception you have given me. On this occasion as well as on many others, in the course of a life now drawing towards a close, I have found the confidence and attachment of my country, men as far beyond my merits as my expecta tions. . We are assembled, fellow-citizens;to wit ness and to assistin aa interesting ceremony. Mote titan a century has passed away, since she to whom this tribute of respect is about to be paid, entered upon the .active scenes of life. A century fertile in wonderful events, and in distinguished men who have participa ted in them. Of these events, our country has furnished her full share; of these distin guished men, she has produced' a Washing ton. If he was “ first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen,” we may say, without the imputation of nation, ti vanity, that, if not the first, he was in the very front rank of those .todfew ,fojieed, upon whose career mankind. :can look back without regret,and whose memory and .exam ple will furnish themes of eulogy for the pa. triot, wherever free institutions are honored and maintained. His was no false glory, de- riving its lustre from the glare of splendid and destructive actions, commencing in profes- sions of attachment to his country, and termi nating in the subversion of. her freedom.— Far different is the radiance which surrounds his name and fame. . It shines mildly, and equally, and guides the philanthropist and citi zen in the path of duty—and it will guide them long after those false lights, which have attracted too much attention, shall have been extinguished in darkness. _ In the grave befor,e us lie the remains of his mother. Long has it been unmarked by any monumental tablet but not unhonored. You have undertaken the pious duty of erect, ing a column to her memory, and of inscri- bing upon it the simple, but affecting words; “ Mary, the mother of Washington.” No eulogy could be higher, and it appeals to to the heart of every American. These memorials of affection and gratitude are consecrated by the practice, of all ages and nations. They are-tributes of respect to the dead, but they convey practical lessons of virtue and wisdom to the living. S The mo ther and son are beyond the reach of human applause. But the bright example of paren tal and filial excellence, which their conduct furnishes, cannot but produce. 1 the most salu tary effects upon our countrymen. Let their example be ’ before us, from the first lesson which is taught the child, till the mother’s du ties yield to the course of preparation and ac tion, which nature prescribes for him. The address, which we IWive heard, por trays in just colours this most cstighable wo man. Tradition says, that the character of Washington was aided and strengthened, if not formed, by the care and precepts of his mother. She was remarkable for the vigour of her intellect and the firmness of her resolu- tion. Left in early life, the sole parent of a young and numerous family, she devo ted herself with exemplary fidelity to the task of guiding and educating them. With limited resources, she was able, by care i 1 economy, to provide for them, and to ensure them a respectable entrance upon the duties of life. A firm believer in the sacred truths of religion, she taught its principle's to her children and. inculcated an early obedience to its injunctions. It is said by those who knew her intimately, that she acquired and maintained a wonderful ascendency over those around her. This true characteristic 'of* genius attended her through life, and even in its de cline, after her son had led his country to inde pendence, and had been called to preside over her councils, he approached her with the same reverence she taught him to exhibit in rly youth. This course of maternal discip line no doubt restrained the natural ardour of his temperament, and conferred upon him that power of self-command, which was one ofthe most remarkable traits of his character. In tracing the few recollections, which can oe gathered of her principles and conduct, it is impossible to avoid the conviction that these were closely interwoven with the destiny ot her son. The great points of his character are before the world. He who runs may read them in his whole career, as a citizen, a. soldier, a magistrate. He possessed an uner ring judgmnt, if that term can be applied to numan nature ; great probity of purpose, high moral principles, perfect self-possession, unti ring application, an enquiring miud, seeking information from every quarter, and arriving at its conclusions with a full. knowledge of he subject: and he added to these an inflex ibility of resolution which nothing could /change but a conviction- of error. Look back at the life and conduct of his mother, and at her domestic government as they have been this day delineated by the chairman of the monumental committee, and as they were known to her contemporaries and have been described by them, and they will bp found ad mirably adapted to form and develope the el ements of such a character. The power of greatness was there, but had it not been gui ded and directed by maternal solicitude and judgment, its possessor, instead of present ing to the world examples of virtue,patriotism and wisdom, which will be precious in til succeeding ages, might have added to the num ber of those master spirits whose fame rests upon the faculties they have abused, and the injuries they have committed. How important, to the females of our coun try,are these reminiscences of the early life of Washington, and ofthe maternal care of her upon whom its future course depended. Prin ciples, less firm and just, and affection less regulated by discretion, might have changed the character of the son, and with it the des tinies of the nation. We have reason to be proud of the virtue and intelligence of our fe. males. As mothers and sisters, and wives and daughters,their duties are performed with exemplanary fidelity. They no doubt'real ize the great importance of the maternal char acter and the powerful influence it must exert upon* the American youth. Happy is it for them and our country that they have before them tins illustrious example of maternal devotion and this bright reward of filial success. The mother of a family who lives to witness the virtues of her children and their advancement in life,and who is known and honored because they are known and honored, should haye no other wish, on this side of the grave, to grai- ify. The seeds of virtue and of vice are ear ly sown,and we may often anticipate the har vest that will be gathered. Changes no doubt occur, but let no oue place his hope up on these. Impressions made in infancy, if not indelible, are effaced with difficulty and renewed with facility; and upon the mother therefore must frequently, if not generally, depend the fatq of the sipn. . ~ 5 . - Fellow citizens—This district of country gave birth to Washington. The ancient Com monwealth, within whose borders we are as sembled from every portion of this happy and flourishing! Union, renowned as.she is for her institutions,forher devotion to the cause offree- domand for her services and sacrifices to pro mote it, and for the eminent men she has sent forthto aid our country with heart and hand, in peace and war, presents a claim still stronger than these upouthe gratitude of her sister States in the birth and life of Washington. Most of you, my-friends, must speak of him from report. It is to me a source of high gratification that 1 can speak of him from personal knowledge and observation. Called by the partiality of my CQuntrymen to the high station once so ably filled by him, and feeling, that in til but a desire to serve you, I am unworthy to ~occu py his seat, but sensible that to this position’ I owe the honor of an invitation to unite 'with you iu this work of affection and gratitude, I am unwilling the opportunity should pass away without bearing my testimony to his virtues and services. I do this in j ustice to my own feelings; being well aware,that his fame needs no feeble aid from me. The living witnesses of his public and private life will soon follow him to the tomb.. Already a second and a third generation are upon the theatre of action, and the men and the events ofthe revolution, and ofthe interesting peri od between it and the firm establishment of the present Constitution, mustere long live only in the pages of history. I witnessed the pub- tic conduct and the private virtues of Wash ington, and I saw and participated, in the con fidence which he inspired when probably the stability of our Institutions depended upon his personal influence. Many years have passed over me since, but they have in creased instead of diminishing my reverence for his character, and my confidence in iiis principles. His Far well Address,thai powerful and affecting appeal to his countrymen, that manual wisdom for the American citizen, embodies his sentiments and feelings. May He who holds in his hands the fate of nations, impress us all with the conviction of hs truth and import once, and teach us to regard its lessons as the precious legacy he has be queathed us. And if, in the instability of hu man affairs, our beloved country should ever be exposed to the disasters which have over whelmed the other Republics that have pre ceded us in the world, may Providence when it suffers the hour of trial to come, raise up a Washington to guide us in averting the dan- ger. Fellow citizens—at . .. .. . your request and in your name, I now deposit this plat e ^ spot destined for it—aqd'when the American pilgrim shall; in after ages, come up to this high and holy place, and lay his hand upon this'sacred column, may he recall the virtues of her who sleeps beneath, and depart with nis affections purified and his piety strength ened, while he invokes' blessings upon the memory of the mother of Washington. reries made in Habersham county, in branch, lull surf ice and vein deposites, which soon attracted the principal capitalists in the country, and the most valuable lots were pur chased at large prices, and the business of mi. ning has'been more improved on in that coun. ty thau any other in the State. The appa. rent inexhaustibility of the treasure, which is well calculated to stimulate the most lethargic among us, has caused the proprietors of the ‘nines in that county, to venture sufficient cap»^T 1 ,* t0 C( foduct the business in a manner, not ° ri y 5 ,r °fitable to them and the country, but TC ^ets Upon them, miir.1i nf thrt rrp?lit ivhirk From ths Cincinnati Republican. The circular copied below has been re ceived by a gentleman of this fcity. To say .hat the object intended iu it, meets our cor dial approbation, is but imperfectly expresing our feelings. We love the Amer. Union,and we love every thing connected with its histo-. ry that tends to throw glory and beauty around it. Sometime last winter, we published the speech'of Mr. Poinsett, (made, we believe, in a mee ting of the Unionists, in .Charleston, South C rolina,) in which the almost magic triumph of our American flag, in Mexico, was related. No American, whose heart is still alive to the Revolution, can read the utile incident referred tain the circular^ and which is so touchingly and eloquently descri bed by Mr. Poinsett, without feeling proud of our Union. The intention of the circular is to procure the means of embodying that oue -lorious triumph of the star spangled banner upon canvass—to construct from the circum stance, a memento of our national greatness, flattering alike to our patriotism and our taste. Copies ofthe circular have, we presume been sent to all the other cities in the United States, and the funds necessary to the execu tion ofthe design, will be speedily raised The gentleman to whom the circular was sent, will submit it to the consideration of our patriotic citizens next week. [circular.] Charleston, (S. C.) April'll.—At the pe riod ofthe revolution of the Aceordada, which compelled the Congress of Mexico to reverse the-election of Pedraza' and place’ Guerrero in the Presidential Chair, the city was taken by assault, and the army of Guearrero attacked and plundered the houses, of the European Spaniards, who are peculiarly 'odious id the native Mexicans. Many df these persons had taken refuge in the house ofthe American Ambassador, and it was pointed Rut to the exasperated soldiery as the asylum of their enemies. They rushed to attack it, and in a few minutes would have massacred til within its walls. At this momeni, when hundreds of muskets were leveled at the. windows, Mr. Poinsett with his Secretary of Legation, Mr. John Mason, Jr. threw themselves into an openqnlcony which overlookedthe crowd, and unfurling the STAR-SPANGLED BANNER, demanded that all persp is in his house should be protected while the flag of his country waved over them. The scene changed as by enchantment; and ‘ tifo . very 'men . who were about to make the attack, cheered the standabd of our Union, and placed senti* nels.to guard it from outrage. Tho history of the world presents no parallel to such, a scene: and its moral beauty and grandeur should be equally preserved oii the page of the historian and the canvass of the painter. It is therefore proposed to raise by subscrip tion, a sufficient sura to have this illustrious triumph of our National Flag represented on canvass and afterwards engraved. The pain ting will be presented to some public institu tion of the State, or Uuited States. The minute particulars attending, the un furling of the United States flag at Mexico, furnish materials for a splendid National Painting.' The sectional excitements, at pres ent existing among the States, are obliterating national feelings. These must be revived; the arts are powerful in their operation, and lasting in their influence. We must have National Paintings, National Songs, National Celebrations, to excite and perpetuate Na tional enthusiasm. Though it is difficult for the mind to calculate the value of the Union, yet the hand of a master may successfully exhibit at a single glance, that National pro tection, .which, like the pressure of the; at mosphere, though omnipresent and powerful, is neither seen nor felt. The flag of every country is its emblem. It should, command respect abroad—adoration at home. The m an who loves and reveres not his Couutfy’3 Flag, is prepared to violate her laws and destroy her institutions. To pourtray, then, the Star Spangled Banner overawing, in a foreign land an intimated and lawless, sol diery, and protecting from revolutionary vi olence the objects of political hatred—is to spread before the eyes..of our countrymen, and particularly ofthe rising generation, the unseen, but high moral protection afforded by a great,'‘because a United people. The chief object, however, is to have this scene engra ved, that the Flag of our country may wave in every house, in every cottage, even in ev ery log house, beyond the mountains; that our children may learn before they can read, to love and revereuce the emblem of their country’s power, and may realize that it is their guardian and protector, not only in their native soil, but .in a land of strangers. The amount of your subscription you please transmit to the joint address of WILLIAM DRAYTON. ■DANIEL E. HUGER. benj. f. peboon. will From the Western Herald. Extent of tub Gold'Region in Geoh- GIA . A few mines of some notoriety were discovered in Rabun county, in the fall of 18- 29, and spring of 1830. The mines inclu- led in that county are few, and the precious metal principally confined to branch deposits ; the gold is found in largo oarticles,-and varies in value at the up country markets, from sev enty to eighty-five cents per dwt. About the same time there were a great many valuable It is stated by a writer in a recent number ofthe Galenian, that new and valuable discov eries of lead ore have been made upon the East bank of the Mississippi river, between the Platte and Grant Ri vers, in f°- a uounty, Ml T. The ore is said to be ofthe bestquali. ty, found in large bodies, and over an exten sive tract of country. Among the most valua ble discoveries,is a horizontal cave,the entrance of which is about 150 feet above the level of the river; It is from two to _ iour teet wide, and from six to nine feet high. From this about 400,000 pounds of lead orfe have been taken, with little labor; and tlm operation was still continued. The land is of the best quality, and covered wife timber. A town, called Yan. Bitten, (which name has also been given to the mines and cave adjacent,) has been laid out, and that part of the countryjs rapidly increasing in population—N. Y. " upon them, much of the credit which m so justly due to enterprise in siich r a bene, licul undertaking. ' Habersham can truly boost ofthe largest specimens of Gold’ wfoch have yet been found in Georgia. Its vtiiie is quoted at,about the same.as feat of Rabun county, and the Loudsville, and the McL ugh. hn mines, are not excelled in richness by any in the United States. Hull county, too, has sopae valuable mines, though principally cop- fined to ridge veins which have not yet been operand on very extensively. The celebra- ted Elrod mine, has beon leased for a term I of years to a compaity of N. Ca. gentlemen, viz. Col. Fisher and Dr. Austin, who are preparing for extensive operations ; the lot on Lhestatee owned by Beers, Booth and St. John, and fee lqt in the Same neighborhood owned by Col; Ctilioun aud Gibson, are' Both now attached to this county; the operations upon those lots have been very extensive and profitable. There are several others in that i neighborhood that are doing well. Some* gold | has also been found in Gwinnett county, but I we believe to a limited extent—only one lot has beeu discovered, that will pay wages. In Carroll county, there were many valua. ble discoveries made about the first of June, 1830, and the business of mining is carried oa there in a manner unprecedented in any oth er part of the state, except' in Habersham, where the region is much more extensive.— We believe that the Carroll Gold,although the particles are very small, is given up to be the purest yet discovered in the United States; and. though the Gold Region there, is embra ced in a few miles square, such has been the reward to the honest laborer, that.niany who were poor and indigent, in three years time, have placed foamselves in' easy and desirable circumstances. The Gold is found in Car. roll in the braitch,lull,fond vein deposits, and she can boast of the - richest surface yet dis covered in the State, ironi the plentiful Branch mining ground and the richness of the sur face. The veins halve not yet beerf fairly tested. Maj. Jones has been induced to make a small experiment on his lot. We have seen the vein, since he has bored about sixty feet perpendicular, and tunnelled perhaps as far j 4 horizontally, and it is very rich indeed, so i f much so, that it is not uncommon to see par- || tides of Gold on the surface of the rocks and find it in great abundance in the dirt thrown out of the vein. The Major has been doing i so well qa the branch and surface, that he has not. yet furuisheft himself with the necessary | machinery for operating on his vein mine., to . any extent, further than.si bare experiments Gold in the Cherokee Country.—In 1830, many discoveries \ycre made in this, country, I and from the limited manner in which the In dians operated fur it, and the great abundance 1 in which they found it, the whole country was soon inundated with trespassers front ^various parts of the U;;ion, and so extensive were their operations, that the legislature had to pass a law organizing a constant guard for the protection of the public property from private destruction: ,, The 4th, 12th 13th, and 15th district, in the 1st section, are all included in Lumpkin county, and all valuable for the discoveries tireadv made: the mining operations here are now extensive and increasing daily: the gold is pretty much fetisame as that of Habersham in size, quantity and value; the local depos its are about the same. The golden veins through this country seem to pass almost in a direct tine from tliis to Carroll,. and .between the Rivers Chattahoochee and Etowah.*— There fire some valuable mines in Forsyth county. Cherokee county includes the cele brated Sixes mines and many others, which makes ittittle inferior to Lumpkin. Cass county includes the. Alatona mi ies which have so much character for their richness and value. Some valuable discoveries have been made in Cass for the last few weeks: the princi pal new discoveries there, have been in the richness of the surface. Paulding county, .which is bounded on the south by Carroll, contains many valuable mines, the most noted of which is in the third district of the third section. There is a nar row vein of blue limestone that crosses be tween ihe mines in Cas3 county aud those in Paulding, and the size of the particles, and fineness of the metal seems to change ab- ruptly from that of Habersham and Lumpkin, to that described in Carroll. The mining op erations in Paulding are yet limited, though from our personal knowledge of the value of some of the mines there, we have no doubt but they will be soon extended, and profita bly conducted; f*' " /