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— ————— wssmaBm ATHENS, GEORGIA, AUGUST 10, 1838. “ Hush ! hush your gabble!” said the doc. tor—“ there now! you’ve made the augur; the trappan I would say, slip, by your con founded talking.” Whether it was that he was roused by the small model on a wooden rail way in the Ad. elaide-street exhibition-room. We have our- selves at that place instituted the following ex periments, with the results here detailed.--- The moving power was a spiral main spring Sutton plane on the Manchester Railway, followed fay above 100 tons of goads, and al though not particularly timid, we cannot deny, that we loft considerable apprehensions, when applying the of such an amount that the was barely able to overcome t incapable of moving the load, the carriage and- load were the undulating rail way, and ing power impelled the load with considerable velocity from s other; and lest any difference l exist between the extremities, caused the same experiment to be made in - contrary direction, which was attended the model, a the load be- mce on a Icv- : load with fa- same distance The Southern Banner? IS ri'BUSHED IN THE TOWN OF ATHENS, GEORGIA, EVERT SATURDAY, BY ALBON CHASE. TilKMS.—Three dollars per year, payable in ad- vance, or Four dollars if delayed to the end of the year. The latter amount will be rigidly exacted of all who foil to meet their payments in advance. No subscription received for less than one year, un less the money is paid in advance ; and no paper will be discontinued until all arrearages arc paid, except at the option of the publisher. A failure on the part of subscribers to notify us of their intention of re. linqujshmcnt. accompanied with the amount due, will be considered as equivalent to a new engagement, and papers sent accordingly. AD".'i:rti5!:me.vts will Ixs inserted at the usual rates. jp-All Letters to the Editors on matters connected with the establishment, must be post paid in ordorto .secure attention. [□‘Notice of the sale of Land and Negroes by Ad. rninislrators, Executors, or Guardians, must lie pub. iishcd sixty days previous to the day of sale. The sale of Personal Property, in like manner, must be published fort y days previous to the day of sale. Notice to debtors and creditors of an estate, must be published forty days. Notice that Application will be made to the Court of Ordinary, for I .cave to sell Land or Negroes, must he published four months. Notice tli it Application will lie made for Letters of Administration, must bo published thirty days, and for Letters of Dismission, six months. NEW ESTABLISHMENT. Watches* Jewelry, U’gt B. LORD has just rc 58 *■' ceivod from New York, and is now opening at his old stand in this place, a Splendid and Fashionable Assortment of Jewelry9 Cutlery* mIISSCAL INSTR1JMENTS, Plated and ilriUania flare, Perfumery, &c. —-AMONG WHICH ARK Ladies’ and Gentlemen’s Gold Lever and L’Epinc WATCHES; Silver Lever, L’Epinc and common do.; Ladies’ and Gentlemen’s Ear and Finger Rings, and Breast Pins of a great and beautiful variety; ilodgers’ tine Pen Knives; Wade &. Bulc .er’s, and iimrs’ .‘Uzors; a Kent Bugle, Clarionets, Flutes, Flageolets and Violins ; Walking Canes ; Mathemat- i-al Instruments; Salts of Vinegar (anew article); Silver Table and Tea Spoons; Chess Men ; Opera Glasses; Pistols, &c. &c. IFF Clock and Watch Repairing attended to as It.-U.il. Athens, July 13—17tf. FARMER’S MOTEL, OVER MASON &. RANDLE’S WARE-HOUSE, AUGUSTA, GEORGIA. T HE Subscriber, one of the late pro- prielors of the Eagle A Phumix Hotel, respectfully informs his friends and tho public generally, that ho has ta ken the upper part of that spacious Fire Proof WARE-HOUSE, formerly Mr. John C. Holcombe’s, where he proposes to open a HOTEL, on the 15th September next. Tho House was originally built with a view of appropriating the upper part .is a Bo irding House, and Is advantageously arranged for that pur pose, and additional improvements will be made as to render the accommodations superior for Boarders and transient visitors. Ho pledges himself to his patrons that in point of comfort there shall not be any exertion wanted to render this Establishment one of decided preference. The Rooms are large and ai ry, each having a fire place, and two can at pleasure lie turned into onq by folding doors. To the Plan- ters anil Merchants in the interior it is not necessary to give a further description of the building, as it is generally known to be in the centra of their business There is a large and convenient stable with an exten. sive enclosed lot for horses : careful Ostles will be provided to give the attention required. He solicits, a share of patronage, and from his friends their influence, which he will at all times en. dcavoT to merit. From practical experience he flat ters himself he will receive a liberal share of their support. A first rate man Cook is now under engage- ! ment from Charleston. His Table and Bar shell at all limes be furnished with the best this and the mar kets of Charleston and Savannah will afford. JOHN J. BYRD. O' WANTED A first rite BAR KEEPER and a few good SERVANTS—Apply as above from 4 to 5 o’clock P. M. J. J. B. Augusta, July 33, 1S33—2D—9t. iiorttA- From Paulson's Daily Advertiser. THOUGHTS IN A PLACE OF WORSHIP. One prayer to Thee, my God, one prayer to Thee, In this Thy house of worship, ere my thoughts Have wandered from Thy presence. Give mo now To feel that Thou art here, and that to Thee Belongs the incense of a grateful heart, Which worldly cares engage. Assist me now To leave the world without, and humbly bow Before Thy footstool, there beseeching Thee To mould me to Thy will. Oh ! Thou bast laid Thy hand on those to whom I fondly clung, And snatched them to Thyself, and I am left To learn the way that leads to Thee, and feel My need of Him who suffered on the cross For me—for all. And I have stood Beside the loved remains of her whose care Had guided my young footsteps,—saw the grave Forever close upon tho face, whose smile Was light to me, and felt,—yes, then I felt, That to lie down like her, and be at peace,- Would be the only balm. Days, weeks and years, Have past, and time, with lenient hand. Has brought relief;—But thero are hours Of deep dejection, and of bitter thought, That, like a withering blight, steal over all That I have known of happiness; And though fast fading :.ito dim remembrance. Are all tho tr ices of thy sojourn hero, And strangers take the place which knew thee once, Yet still thy hallowed image visits me ! And when within Thy courts, thou Prince of Peace, My feeble prayers are offered, then—oh ! then, Docs fancy view thee, in the heavenly choir, With intercessions to tho Throne of Heaven, That wo, thy children, at the ond of time, » May enter the pearl gates. Philadelphia, (>th month 16/A, 1832. J&i$rcUati£. sivo, and well provided with all tho usual requisitions. WILLIAM HAMILTON. Clarkesville, April 27—6—13t- ments to his House, ho flatters himself that he can now boast of as spacious, commodious and pleasant an establishment, as any in tho up-country of Georgia. Cl irkcsvillo is well known, to enjoy as pure and agreeable a summer atmosphere as any place in the United States, and its proximity to tho far famed Tal lulah and Tuccoa Falls, (each being twelve miles dis- EoBICJJF ©I ©COl'g’Isl. tant,) as well as to many other interesting natural rW^llE LECTURES in this Institution, situated at | cariosities, rendersit a very desirablo rosidencedu Ll. Augusta, will commence on the third Monday, ; r * n R l ^ c warm scason (the 21.-.Z) of next October, and continue for sis I months. 'i’lie Professors are : L. A. Dugas, M. 1> Of Anatomy and Physiology. Jos. A. Eve, M. D Therapeutics and Materia Me dici. I.. D. Ford, M. D.—Chemistry and Pharmacy. M. Antony, M. 1>.—Obstetrics and Diseases of Wo. men and Children. A. Cunningham, M. D.—Institutes and Practice of Medicine. Paul F. Eve, M. D.—Institutes and Practice of Sur- gcry. And George M. Newton, M. D.—Prosector and De monstrator of Anatomy. In addition to the above, Clinical Lectures will lie delivered in the City Hospital, and every facility af forded the student for practical experienca. Tho foes arc, for the six Tickets $100 Graduation, - - §19 Matriculation, - - §’> Good Board, with Lodging, may be obtained at §!3 per mouth. Fur particulars see Circular issued in June. AUGUSTUS B. LONGSTRF.ET, President of Board of Trustees. L. D. Ford, Secretary. Augusta, July 13—17—-it. n w rnx motto* « w a From “ The Life and Adventures of Dr. Dodimus EBjABESaLS v ft]ij&jR'j, QnEiVuIxlA. Duckworth, A. N. Q.” to be published in a few days rSIHE undersigned respectfully announces to the j by ^ r> Stodart of Now York. -£L public, that he still continues to conduct the j BORING A DUTCHMAN’S SKULL, above well known establishment, where he will at all | Yaccup Donervogel, a bruising Dutchman, tunes be happy to accommodate his friends and custo- i,... • j. . ■ . i , in- having one nay cot into a battle with Baraev incrs. Having recently nude some valuable improve I n J b J O’Blunderbuss, the Hibernian gave him such a blow on the sconce, that he was taken up lor dead Barney in a great fright ran for the doctor Iv’c kilt a man ! Iv’e kilt a man, doctor —ciane dead as a door nail; and l want you should run and see him instantly afore lie’s ciane gone and past all redemption. Och , „ . , and ahonc! that iver I should come to Amer- l he Hotel is so constructed a3 to furnish spacious . > i , , , , , and private accommodations for several families, bo ,ka t0 , bc when there a SO much hemp sides the ordinary custom. Tho stables are exten- ra * scc l M ould Ireland JVotice. “ Who is the man ?” asked the doctor. “ And whoj should he be,” returned the Irishman, “ofall the world, but Mishter Don- ervogeljthe fightin Dutchman, that’s for knock ing ivery body down that stands afore him! bad luck to him.” “ Tis bad luck to him, sure enough, if you have killed him.” “ He’s kilt docthor, he’s kilt clanc dead ; and that’s the raison I’m after ye in such a hurry. I hope they wont hang me quite saa- ia it was’nt done with malice afther afore thought, but in a joutulc combat, as one jon- tlcman kills another the world round. Saint Patrick he knows I didn’t mane to kill him at all at all.” As the patient was no father off than land- Ha has purchased the establishment at present occu- lord Lovejov’s the doctor was inst-uitly by his pied as a Tavern by Dr. TINSLEY, where he will side. He was lying in a bar-room'on the be prepared lor the accommodation of Families.— i . 1 _• . . . mu I i • n i u • bench, without seuse or motion: unci the bv. Tho stand is well known as being every way eligible. * * - v No exertions will bo spared to merit a continuance ; standefs, of whom there were a considerable of that liberal patronage, by which he lias been en- number collected, believed him to be fairly agitation his braiu received, from the augur; or whether he was re-called to his senses by the returning powers of nature, one thing is certain, that in a very short time Donervogel, who had merely been stunned, opened his eyes and exclaimed,—« What tc tyfel i3 you toin mit mide hcadt?” “ Boring it out,” returned the doctor. “ Poria it out,” said the patient, putting his hand up aud seizing hold of the auger. “ Vat for you pore it out, ha ?” “ Hold still! and ask no questions, you thunder-bird,” said the doctor, endeavoring to continue the revolutions of the auger. “ Holt still! mine Gott!” exclaimed Don- crvogel, in great warmth and astonishment, sitting up and endeavoring to wrench the in strument from the hands of the operator, while the blood streamed down over his lace “ Holt shtill! and let you pore mine head trough yust like one blog of woat mit a tain tull augur! I no understandl it.” Duckworth still held fast to the instrument, and insisted upon finishing the opertion ; alle ging that it would be a great shame to let a patient go through the street with his cranium half bored through. But as Donervogel thought the boring he had already had was quite sufficient, and seemed not at all dispo sed to submit to the further use of the augur, the surgeon desired some of the bystanders to hold him, while he finished the operation “But the man is alive and kicking,” said one—“ what more do you want ?” “ That’s nothing to the case,” replied the doctor. “ As to his being alive—any dead man might be that under skilful hands—but it is very ungrateful in him to pretend to come to life, before I had fairly trepanned him— and for his kicking and struggling, I desire that he may be kept still until I finish the job Will one of you assist me?” “ That will I,” said Barney, stepping for- ward and seizing hold of the arm of the Dutch man; “ I’ll hilp you docthor dear, for I kilt him and its no more nor right I should hilp to cure him; so docthor, you bore away, whiles I’ll be after holding his hands still.” “ Dun der!” exclaimed Donervogc-l, and springing upon his feet, he freed his arms from the grasp of the Irishman, and wrenching the augur vi olently from the hands of Duckworth, he struch him over the head with the handle of the instrument, and would have laid him sprawling oh the floor, had he not been caught by the bystanders. By a rapid movement he next proceeded to knock down the Irish man ; and by repeated blows would have dis patched him out right, had he not been seized and disarmed by the spectators. Both the doctor and the Hibernian, howcv- er, recovered without surgical aid; and the Dutchman having got a shoemaker to stitch up his scalp with an awl, was in a very few days, ready for any new scrape into which his boxing and bruising disposition might lead him. HE subscriber tenders his thanks to his custo mers, for tho liberal patronage ho has hitherto received. Besides continuing the business at his old stand, known as the ' FRANKLM HOTEL, T HE Subscribers have during the last week re ceived a fresh supply of Xcw and Fashionable Goods From Now York, suited to the Season : among them ! arc a few elegant pieces of SULTANA, - Bonnet and Belt Ribbons, Ladies' Berlin Hats, “ Tuscan ■trait', do. Satin, do. do. “ Open Work, do. ALSO, Shoes and Boots* T. & J. CUNNINGHAM & CO. Athens, July 13—17 4t. eouraged thus to extend his business. JOHN JACKSON. March 1G—52—tf. The Xew Yorli illercnpy, dead. “ Ah ! he’s got his portion now,” said one “ he wont want another kuock down for one while.” “ It’s just upon him,” said another, he’s I S published every Wednesday at noon and sent ■ , , off by the evening mails of that day and the mor- alwajs bruising aud fighting, and I was sure ning mails of Thursday. The Mercury is inado up of he’d get killed at hist.'* the principal articles of the Journal of Commerce, in cluding tho review of the market, prices of stock:', &c. But without ship news or aitvertiseJnents. It is neatly printed on a very large and beautiful sheet. Trice §3 per annum : §5 lor one copy two years, or §10 fur four copies oueyear, payable always in ad- vance. This paper is admirably calculated for -agri culturalists and professional gentlemen and for all families. i'^ilTED STATES HOTEL, Tho Journal ol'Cosnmorcc, * Is published daily at §10 per annum, and twice a week at §5 per annum, or if paid in advance §4 per annum. Orders must he accompanied with money or reference, and may bo forwarded by mail at the risk of the Editors and without tjie payment of postage. Subscribers for the Journal of Commerce twice a week and the Mercury, are not received for a less time than one year. AUGUSTA, GEORGIA. T HE Undersigned, grateful for the patronage that has been extended to hint since he has had the management of the above Establishment, respect fully informs his friends and the public generally, tliat the HOTEL is now open, and will continue so during the summer and at all times and all seasons, and pledges himself that his exertions shall be to lender the accommodations of this Establishment inferior to none in the city. The stables are amply supplied with an abundance of good provender, and under the management of careful and experienced Ostler. . JOHN R. ANDERSON. June 24—15—4t. $5* Blanks of every description \for sdk at this Office. THE ATEBENS Grammar School. T HE Public ' respectfully informed, that this Institutic is now in operation, under tho charge of Mr. J. N. Waddel, a graduate of Franklin College. Tho terms of tuition, aro twenty-five dollars for the academic year. Tho health of tho place, and tho other advantages of the Institution, it is hoped, will secure for it a share of the patronage of the friends of Literature. JOHN A. COBB, Chairman of the Board of Trustees. Athens, 11th May, 1833.—8tf. Dissolution. * VHE Finn ofSCHOONMAKER & WHITING, A mT** ^' RS °^ ve d by mutual consent on tho 20th pnl last. All persons having demands against the rm, and all those indebted, will call on L. Schoon- m er or settlement, who is alone authorised to set. tie too earns. LOD. SCHOONMAKER, WILLARD WHITING. July 13—17—lt. “ Who struck first?” asked a third. “The Dutchman,” said one. “ The Irishman,” said another. • “ No, ’twas the Dutchman,’* repeated the first, “for 1 see him with my own eyes.” “ I say ’twasn’t the Dutchmau,” said the second, “ for I was looking on all the time and sec the Irishman strike first.” “ I tell you ’twas the Dutchman.” “ And I tell you you don’t know any thing about it. Barney gin the first blow, and he’ll have to be hanged if either on ’em.” Thus they disputed aud were near coming to blows among themselves. As for Duck- worth, as soon as he saw the patient, lying mute and motionless, and to all appearance, dead, he declared he must be trepanned. No sooner said than at it they went. “ In the first place,” said he, flourishing a scalpel,” I must denude the cranium by a criss cross incision.” Thus saying, he cut down to the bone, in the fore part of tho head, and turned up the scalp. “ Now,” continued he, “ the next thing is ta bore through the skull: and here I apply the trepan.” As he said this, he produced an inch au gur, and applying it to the cranium, begun vigorously to turn it round and round. “Do you call that a trappan, Doctor?” asked one. “ Don’t disturb the operation by foolish questions, ’ returned the doctor, still vigorous ly plying the carpenter’s tool. “It looks to me,” said another, ‘*very much like , a common pod-augur; and if it 'twasn’t in the doctor’s hands, I should say ’twas one; howsomever the doctor knows best, From the London Athcncum. Undulating Rail-Way.—This contrivance, we have already cursorily noticed, has oc- casioned some discussion among scientific and practical men; but it docs not appear that any explanation of its effects has been sug- gested. Indeed, we are inclined to think, that the patentees themselves aro not fully aware of the physical principle on which the advantage which they have undoubtedly gain ed, depends. The problem is one, the full illustration and development of which would require the language and symbols of mathematical phys ics ; some notion of it may, however, be con- eyed in such a manner as to be intelligible to the reader. We shall first state what it is that the undulating rail way performs, in which the level rail way fails; and wc shall next explain the physical law on which this depends. Hitherto, it has been received as a prac tical axiom, that rail ways can only be advan tageously applied between points where a uniform dead level can be obtained. Now the patentees of the undulating rail way main tain a proposition which is the logical con tradictory of this. They hold, that even if the projected be naturally a dead level, it must be artificially cut into ups and , downs, as to keep the load constantly ascending and descending until the journey is completed; and in so doing, they assert that the trims port is produced in a considerably less time with the same moving power, or in the same time with a much less expenditurn of the moving principle. Again, it has been held as a practical axiom, that if on a rail way, it be comes necessary to ascend from one level to another, the ascent is most advantageously made by a plane uniformly inclined from the lower to the higher level. On the contrary- the patentees of the undulating rail way hold that the ascent is efiected with a lesser pow er, by dividing.the intervals, into ups and downs, so as to cause the carriage alternate ly to descend and ascend until it arrives at the upper level. Indeed, one of these propqsi tions follow from the other, for if a greater momentum is generated in going from one point to another of the same level, by adula tion in the rail way, that excess of momentum will carry the load to a greater height than the momentum which the same power would generate on a lqvel rail way, These facts have been illustrated by regulated by a fusee: a load was placed on level rail way of such an amount moving power was barely able the friction, but incapable In this state the transferred to the same with case and one end to the other oflevel Should exist thp with precisely the same result. Hence was evident that, at least with the power incapable of transferring the tween two points at a given distance cl rail way transferred the same load cility and despatch through the on the undulating rail way. Our second experiment was as follows;— We loaded the carriage in the same manner on the level rail way, so that the power was barely able to the friction, but incapable of moving the load. Wc then transferred the power and load to a rail way, the remote ex tremity of which rose above tho nearer ex tremity at the rate of one inch in eight feet, The power which was thus incapable of mo ving the load on the level, easily transferred the same load from end to end of the undula ting railway, and at the same time actually raised it through one perpendicular inch for every ninety-six inches of its progress along the horizontal line. Among the scientific men who have wit nessed this exhibition, many, it is said, have declared, what indeed appears at first to be the case, - tho result is contrary to the established principles of mechanics. We do not perceive, however, any difficulty in the phenomenon. The effective impelling power when a load is tracked upon a rail way, must be estima ted by the .excess of the actual impelling pow er above the friction. Now, it is well known that the friction, being proportional to the pressure, is less on an inclined than on a horizontal rail way. The same impelling power which on the level rail way, is only equal to the friction, and therefore incapable of accelerating the load, becomes effective on the inclined rail way, where it is greater than the friction. The excess, therefore, be- comes a means of generating velocity, so that when the load arrives at the extremity of the undulating line, a quantity of velocity has been communicated to it, which is propor tional to the excess of the friction on the un- dulating, above the friction on the level line. This is theoretically speaking, a decided and undeniable advantage which tho inclined rail way possesses over the level. " \Vc could make the point still more, clear, if we were addressing mathematical readers. Now, if it bo admitted that at the extremi ty of the undulating line, a velocity is gener ated in the moving body much greater- than, any which could be produced by tho same power acting on the level line, it will follow demonstratively that this velocity will lie suf ficient to carry the load up a certain height, bearing a fixed proportion to the velocity it- self; and hence it will be perceived that a moving power, which is incapable of moving tho load on a dead level, will be capable not only of moving it between the extremities of an undulating line when at the same level, hut even of raising it to a higher level. But the practical application of this prin ciple seems to promise still greater advanta ges. In tlic above reasoning, we have as sumed that the impelling power acts with a uniform energy in accelerating tho tnotiop of the load. This, however, is not the ease when steam power is applied: the load soon obtains a maximum velocity, and the engine becomes incapable of supplying steam fast enough to produce effective pressure on the piston. The cylinder, in this case, receives steam from the boiler oply at the same rate as it is discharged by the motion of the piston, and scarcely any direct effect is produced by its pressure fin the piston.- In tho undulating railway, the working of the engine will be suspended during each descent, and a part of the succeeding ascent. .In this interval the steam will be nursed and accumulated so ag to be applied with its utmost possible energy the moment the velocity on- the brow of the hill begins to decline. When the load sur mounts the summit, and. begins to descend the next hill, the operation of the engine will be again suspended, and its powers reserved, and accumulated fqr the next ascent. The duty of the engine will thus be, fiot to produce steam constantly at a great rate, but to pro- duce steam of excessive energy for short and distant periods. Every one who knows the practical working* of bigh-pressure engines, will see the advantage likely to result from this circumstance. When tho line connecting two points at the same level is thus resolved into curves, the motion of the engine may not inaptly be conri pared to that of a pendulum, and the moving principle stands in the place of namUtining power, the functions of which. are the same drag to moderate the uiry of was instantly burned to a cinder, ower ot gravity in descending a plane kind, which only falls one foot in nine- ty six, is perfectly uncontroloblo—end if great descents be attempted, we very much tear that the-velocities will hardly be consis tent with safety. It would be premature* however, to pass judgment on what after all can only be decided by expericacnt. Mean- whilo, we have no hesitation in stating, what every scientific man, after reading what we have above said, will confirm, that thera is- nothing erroneous ia principle, us many have supposed, in the project. On tke contrary, whatever be the impelling however, it will be undoubtedly rendered doubly effective, by the advantage gained by being, enabled to suspend the action of the moving principle from time to time, so as to collect its ener gies. We arc glad to learn that the patentees have obtained the means of constructing an undulating line of rail way of some miles in extent, tor the purpose of testing on a large scale what they have already proved on a model. Their success will mainly depend on the judicious adaptation and selection of tho curved into which the lines will be divided. It may be worth while to consider, whether tho common cyclovlmay not bo rendered, vuluablo by its well known properties. It wiil likewise require consideration, what succession of curves will give a maximum advantage, when the ex- trcmitics of the line are at different levels, and to provide not only for the efficient as cent from the lower to the higher level, but likewise for the safety of the descent in tho contrary direction. Although upon the whole we have a strong persuasion of the ultimate advantages of this project, yet we can see macy practical diffi. culties which still stand in the way of tho patentees and which will require not ouly ex pense, but no little ingenuity to overcome. us On ftie other hand, it is right to consider the practical objections to this projected im provement. The very small amount of fri®* tion on iron rail-ways renders the rate of mo tion when descending an incline frightfully great. Wc have 'ourselves descended the The editor of the New York American, in his review of the new publications of the week, thus notices Phxpon or a. Dialogue on'the im mortality of the Sou!, by Plato ; translated, from tbfi original Creek by Mutism Dacicr : New York, W. Cowan: “ It is certainly remarkable, that a writer, whom Panceliusaud Quintillianuniteinterming the Homer of Philosophers, and whose system of doctrines as unto'ded in the work before us, almost procured him divine honors among the ancients, should now for tho^ first time appear from an American press; yet such we aro told by the preface is the case, and so far as our knowledge extends, it is really so. It may be curious to glance at his system. Pla to, as Plutarch indeed mentions, in dwelling on the opinions of philosophers, admitted three first principles—God, matter, idea—meaning not exactly one only divine personage by th. first, but a universal intelligence, and super adding the supposed existence of 3 classes of divinities or different kinds of gods. Matter he believed always to have existed, and to have been moulded into shapes animate and inanimate, but not croatcd, by the divine pow er. Idea.was an incorporeal substance resi dent in the divine mind. - This last, if we un- derstand the text rightly, he held to be capa. ble of division, so that each soul was an em anation from tho Godhead, and might be resu. med again and merged in the same. ia3t process, however, was only temporary, for tho purpose of purification ; lor, believing in -tho transmigration of souls, he taught that after a certain season they were dismissed again to earth to animate new bodies, and thus- went a continual round of defilement and purifica tion, without any eternal resting place being provided for them : a creed, which, though it might satisfy Cato’s “ longing after immortal- ity,” lias but little to recommend it to thoso who with our bettor lights, regard the tomb as a resting place for tho weary, and tho bourne beyond it as one of bliss from which there is no return. And yet how beautiful and just are the sentiments of the heathen phi losopher, and how sweet the language in which they are delivered in the passage that hero closes this notice: “ If the soul is immortal, it stands ia need of cultivation and improvement, not only in the time that we call the time of life; but for the future, or what we call the time of eternity. For if you think justly upon this point, you will find it very dangerous to neg lect the soul,. • Were death the dissolution of the whole man, it would be a great advantage to the wicked after death, to be rid at once of their body, their soul, and their vices. But for as much as the sottl is immortal, the only way to avoid thoso evils Aid obtain salvatioq, is to become good add wiso. For it carries nothing along with it, but its good or bad ac tions, and its virtues or vices, \yhich are the cause of its eternal happiness or miseiy, com. mencing from th® first minute of its arrival in thp pther world; and It is said that after the death of every individual person, the demon or, M s that was partner with it. aqd conduct*. duringJife, leads -it' to a f certain place, 'where'all the dead are obliged to appear in order to be judged, and from thence are con- ducted by a guide to the world below. And after they have there received their good or bad deserts, and continued there their ap pointed time, another conductor brings them back to this life after several revolutions of Mnnm nimiiwaBBgg VOL. II.