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POLITICAL. Fr.on Kendall's Expositor. The Firs,* SisilJ-. The first duty of the Democratic parly, on recoverin'' their power in the State Govern - limits, is To RESTORE TO THE I'EOPEE A SOUND Cl'RKENCY, AND REDUCE DOMESTIC EXCHANGES TO RHASON- ARLE HATES. How are these objects to tic accomplished ! The process is direct and easy : COMPEL THE SUSPENDED BANKS TO RESUME SPECIE PA Y- MENTS, OR VIED UP THE 111 CON CERNS. That done, hoth objects are accomplished. The people will every where liave a currency of .ro!J and silver r.r its equivalent, and what is now called difference of exchanges will cli ef- |y disappear. In point of fact, the greater part of that difference is not t o difference ot ex changes, hut a difference in the value «J load currencies. For instance; exchange hetuecn New York and Washington is quoted at about three per cent. The rail difference of ex change is never over one-half, and seldom more'than a fourth percent. Exchange be tween New York and Cincinnati, Louisville, St. Louis, Nashville, Arc. is quoted at five to ten per cent, wltcii in fact it is seldom over tiro percent. The rest of the apparent difference is produced by the depreciation of the curren cy at those places respectively, and ought not to he called exchange. The reader cannot fail to perceive that a re sumption of specie payments by the hanks, by restoring fTsnuml and equal currency at till those points, would at once anuihilateso much of the difference of exchange, so cail.d, ns is produced by the depreciation of the currency, and show what the true difference really is. The boasted Whig remedy, a Bank of the United States, is impotent to produce either of these results. From ISIS to 1 829. while, we lived in Kentucky, there were two (tranches of the Hank of the Unitnl States in that Stale, and yet. during the whole puiod, and for years af terwards, the local currency was from 10 to 5U per cent, discount, and the exchange between that State and the Eastern cities something more. Every man who lived in Kentucky during that period knows that the United Slates Hank was perfectly impotent to furnish n sound currency or regulate exchanges, and that those objects were effected at last solely by the acts of the Legislature restoring a specie currency or i's equivalent. From the nature oi the sys tem, a Hank oft lie United States or other large bank cun control the smaller hanks only so long us they pay specie. The instant they suspend payment, its power over them ceases, and it never can lie resumed tiu'i! the State Legislatures or a controlling pul lie opinion step ill and compel the delinquents to return to the path ofduly. It is obvious that the State Legislatures - and public opinion may be as effectually exercised without the existence of a Hank of the United States as with it. Now is the time to reduce this truth to practice. Let the Democratic Stales compel their banks to resume, and those who are now misled by Whig arguments will find themselves in possession of a sound cur rency and regulated exchanges without tin- agency of a National Hank. In no other way can the niguments in favor of a Hank be so ef fectually refuted, and at the same time so es sential a neiiurti n-iui.-i>.u ■„ <t,» The amount of currency would be largely increased by resumption, giving instant and effective relief to the people. Although th banks might, in a moderate degree, curtail their issues, millions of dollar-, now hoarded in men’s desks and other dark corners, would im mediately .appear in the light of day, and cu- tetiitg into tlte circulation, more than replace the amount of hank notes which might be with drawn. We have not a doubt that the resump tion would at once make money more plenty in all theStates where it prevails, even though it should produce a considerable reduction of the hank notes in circulation. Hut the'hoards of specie which would now produce this result, are daily diminishing. Not being used as a currency, it is becoming an article of merchan dise, and finding its way into the mart of the nation, is shipped to Europe. At litis moment sjiccio is a drug in New York, and is goingout by hundreds of thousands in every packet that sails, while foreign exchanges are at rates which connected with them. And Capt. Tyler, as! do no less than to return to you and those well ns the constitution, would both have]you represent, my grateful thanks for the been beaded in vain ; and the public would, in my opinion, soon have been more thoroughly undeceived than they even now are, as to the folly and imposture of both measures. Tlte people can always havespecieor its equivalent when they insist upon it, and whether they resort to a Macon specific or hard money alone as provided by the Constitution ; the fault is in themselves, in not having good laws or in not inflexibly requiring them to be executed, when they are subjected to the miserable va cillations and depredations of suspended bank paper. The axe can be laid at the root of spe culation an l profit, and sound money will abound ns much us sound limber or sound ships, if the demand for them is only made steady. Oftlir; infamous Distribution bill Mr. Wood bury said : Next, you will never endure, font the public domain he squandered, and its place supplied by permanent loans, or augmented taxes.— Tlte Government, as a whole, has been plun dered ofits principalities, large us halt the ter-1 ritories of Enrnjie. Remember, that there is no surplus, and that every dollar of on r public territory, given away, has to be supplied by more than a dol lars tax and tlint Massachusetts, for instance, in getting §140,(Hit) by the distribution law, has to repay, tinder an increased tariff, quite §180,000 to restore the principal, and the ex pense, ns well as loss, of collection and transfer. Remember, too that the poor and middling classes are obliged to pay of this §180,000, at least twenty or thirty per cent, more under a tariff, than they would have to pay if the mon ey was wanted by Massachusetts, and collec ted by herself under her own system of taxa tion, which properly falls heaviest on enpi al, and le.-s on labor, than does tlte tariff. Re member, too, that these losses are inflicted on ns so as in effect only, to aid British bond holders abroad, and wealthy political jobbers at home. (Great cheers.) a moderate rate of interest, because the lenders will have confidence in the credit of tlte state, kind sentiments of regard and confidence, Hut that confidence will have to be given ; which you have been pleased to express to- and 1 have no doubt that the legislature will wards mo. Shall 1 not be justified by the peo- give i f , by directing the interest to be paid at pie of this ancient county, in the declaration 1 points where it will be most likely to be accep ting when, as long ago as twenty-five years, 'table to the lenders. 1 am aware, that to ac- tiiey did me the honor to confer their almost! complish these objects, sacrifices will have to unanimous suffrages upon me. as their repre- be made. Hut it will be much better to make sentative in Congress, the political pr'nciples sacrifices at the present time, when they can- winch I then avowed, have been the same not be unbearable, than to wait when the which since my aceessiou to the Presidency, 1 ! amount of taxation will have to be larger, in have dared to. vindicate and maintain, at the expense of the bitterest denunciations which have heretofore assailed a public functionary. The same opinions as to. the power of Con gress to charter a National Hank, which 1 then avowed in the presence of your fathers, and of many who still survive among von, and which, ns your Representative, 1 strenuously urged in 1S19. are still maintained with abiding and unditninished conviction. 1 was then sus taiued hy the people of this District, with al most entire unanimity., and therefore take leave to say, that if any of them are converts to new [opinions, they might at least have granted to me, ns the Chief Magistrate, bound by oath to support the Constitution, the benefit of the new lights of reason, which have been shed upon them before they united with others, in a spirit of unqualified denunciation, What would they have me do l Would they have me sacrifice the consistency of mv past life, for party ends 1 Or, what is of far mote im- order to meet an accumulation of debt and in terest of fearful magnitude. Yesterday, in General Assembly, Junius Hill ver, of Clark, was elected Judge of the Western Circuit, on die 3d ballot. First bal lot, Ilillyer 79 r Hutchins 72, Harden 44, Walk er 1.8, Da v is 17. Second ballot, Hiiiyor 112. Hutchins 74, Harden 2S, Walker 10, and Da vis 3. Third ballot, Ilillyer 155, Hutchins 63, Harden 4, Walker 3, and Davis 2. lit tlte House, yesterday, a bill was passed repealing tlte act of last year respecting the ex tension of time for taking giants in the conn tics of Early, Irwin, Habersham, Rabun, &c. Mr. Hull, from the joint committee to whom was referred the bill to repeal a part of an act entitled an act to prevent the circulation of hank bills under the denomination of five dol lars, within this slate, passed December 24, 1832, and to prevent the circulation of batik bills of any qlher denomination titan 5’s, 2t)’s, 50’s, WO’s’aud lOOU’s, repotted a substitute lot- year 1841, as returned by the receivers of Tax returns of the several counties. From which, states the Comptroller, it appears that the lax assessed for this year, amounts to the. sum of §746,590 69. A large portion of litis assess ment is returned against persons issuingchunge bills, which by the act of the last session, were required to be taxed at the rale of 50 percent, on the amount issued, &c. and in case of neg lect or refusal to return the amount in circula tion by persons liable to tbe tax, llicy were.re quired to be returned as defaulters, and taxed $15,000 for such issues. Independently of these assessments, the Comptroller believes that the net amount of the tax which will be collected, froth assessments on pioperty re turned, will be about §230,000. A bill was introduced in the Senate, this morning, by Mr. Cone of Hulloch, to reduce the taxes laid by the act of 1S40, 50 ptr cent. Tlte resolution of tlte Senate, appointing the 30th instant as the day of adjournment, was concurred in by the House. In the House, this morning, the Biennial Hill, which passed at the last session of the leg islature ; was taken up on its third reading, and passed, yens 176, nays 8. I have no doubt of a constitutional majority in the Sen ate for thebtll. lnthiscase-theconstitutionwir, be so amended as to commence biennial elec tions and sessions of the legislature, in 1843. relations remain quiet and friendly. Treaties with Great Britain not yet ratified, because Texas has not signed with that knight errant of abolitionism a treaty for the suppression of the slave trade. No definite treaty of amity commerce mid navigation yet made with tlij United States. Santa Fe and Yucatan trans actions occupy considerable space. Yuratmr in the state revolution lias by consent 0 p t |,J President, the use of the Texas navy.” The disbandment of the regular army meets with tbe approbation of President Uotisiart In Galveston, there has been an active Tto maud for Treasury Notes for the last u vo weeks and they sold readily at log cents — They are in request to pay duties, and it j s supposed, will fall back to' old prices as soon as the importing season passes, unless the Tex- ian Government devises some new plan | l)r enhancing their value. portauce, both morally and politically, would the same bill to, authorize the chartered banks they require of the Chief Magistrate of this in this State to issue notes of the denomination formerly precluded ils profitable shipment.— Why is tliis ? It is because in two thirds i f the Union it is not used as a currency, ana is gradually abandoning the country to depreci ated bank notes and worthless shiuplnsters. Democrats, it is your fust duty to stop this process. The way to Mop it is to compel the banks to resume. The longer that measure is delayed, the more of the specie will lie gone, the more difficult will resumption be, and the less decisive will he the relief to the people. “ Now's the day and now's the hour." Erie,i hie Federal I n,an. T!ic Democratic 3<';iuli!icau Party of (•eorgia, Consisting of Members of. the Legislature and Visiters to the Seat of Government, con vened in the popular branch of the General Assembly on Friday evening last, at early candle light. No previous call for a meeting had been made. It was a simultaneous move ment on the part of.the true representatives ol ihe people and such of their constituents as were present, which tlie iate glorious Demo cratic triumphs throughout the Union invol untarily impelled them to make, for the pur pose of exchanging congratulations and hail ing the, glorious-dawn ol a political regenera- cy, which we hope to see shining brighter and brighter until it reaches .the perfect day. The meeting was organised by calling to the chair, Col. Henry G. Lamar,’of Bibb, and appointing F. H. Sanford, Esq. secretary. Af ter which the Honorable Mark A. Cooper o! Muscogee, was loudly called for, who prompt ly responded to the call, and addressed the as sembly in an able and energetic speech. lie was followed hy the Hon. Edward J. Black, of Seri veil, Win. 11. Stiles Esq. of Cass, and Gen. Hit. A. Haralson ofTroun, who acquit ted themselves in a manner highly creditable to their well known patriotism and distinguish ed talents. The several speakers were fre quently fiilerriipitu i,y aiiiiiiiuiu unit prolong ed cheermgs. Previous to the adjournment of the meeting, wl ic.li took place about half past nine o’clock, the following resolution, in troduced by the lion. Francis IJ. Cone of Green, was adopted; IPsolad, That the Democratic party will assemble at the Stale-House, on Thursday evening the IStli instant, for the purpose of nominating candidates to fill the vacancies that have occurred in our Gongressional Dele gation, and that each county tit the State, be requested to send delegates to said meeting, | equal in numbers to their representation in the Legislature, and in the event of any county ialiug to send delegates, thr.t the members of ihe Legislature of such counties be received as delegates. HENRY (U LAMAR, Chairman. F. H. Sanford, Secretary. The Democracy, as was observed by one of the Honorable speakers during the evening, have yet to fight the battle Unions Union, to surrender all claim to tlte respect, by violating bis oath of office, in order to gratify the Moloch of party l 1 ft hey would have so great a sacrifice, then I am proud to say, they will not receive it at my hands. 1 censure no mult for his opinion on this or any other subject—hut while 1 award to him the right to think for himself should he not ex empt me from his denunciations because 1 cannot think as lie does 7 1 beg you to be assured gentlemen, that the invectivts to which 1 have been subjected, have in no degree disturbed my equanimity. Amid the torrents of abuse, no matter by what motive dictated, which have l-een uttered against me, my “pulse has kept as healthful mu sic,” as if nothing had occurred.—The light reflected from burning effigies, has only served to render the path of duly more plain. In that path I shall walk, my confidence "being in the patriotism, discernment and intelligence of the American people, whose interests are al ways best sustained by a firm observance of constitutional requirements. I tender to you, individually, assurances, of great personal regard. JOHN TYLER. I To Edward G. Crump, George Williamson, [ John G. Cramp, William R. O. Douglas, and Chesley Jones—Committee. Ci EOi£ Ci E A LEU1SLATV R E. Correspondence of the Constitutionalist. Mili.edcskvillk, Nov. 12, 1841. Yesterday, in the Senate, the bill to amend the constitution so as to authorize a change of venue in criminal cases, was passed by a con stittitioiial majoiity. In the House, the bill of the Senate, amend ing tlte charter of tlte Georgia Rail Road and Hanking Company, so as to authorize the re moval of the principal office from Athens to Augusta, was passed. 'I’l.® Gunurul Assuonliljr, nerieeaoly to n re solution for that purpose, proceeded, at 10 o’clock, this morning, to the election of Judges of the Superior Con its. The elections resulted as follows : Flint Circuit.—Ed. D. Tracy, of Dibb, was elected on the second ballot. First ballot, 'Tracy 128. Stark 111, King 35, and blank 5. second ballot,’Tracy 14.0,Stark 125,and KingS. (Jctuulgee Circuit.— Francis II. Cone, of Greene, was elected on-the second ballot.— First ballot, Cone 112, Burney 57,11111 105, and blank 1. Second ballot, Cone 156, Hill 112, ami blank 1. Northern Circuit.—Garnett Andrews, was re-elected on the first ballot. Andrews 179. Echols 57, and a few scattering votes. Southern Circuit.—Carlton H. Cole, was re elected on the second ballot. First ballot, Cole 122, Patterson 70, and Kelly 57. Second ballot, Cole 146, Patterson 69. and Kelly 33. of one and two dollars, and to preset tbe flic penaltyjbr failing or refusing to redeem such notes in specie on demand. This report was made the special order for Thursday next. The following two bills were introduced, which indicate a design on the part of some of the members, to remove all obstructions to free, banking, and to the issue of change bills by any and every body. 1 hope and trust that there are but few members who will sup port such a policy, which, if carried into effect, must destroy all ideas of establishing a sound currency in our state. The bills are as fol lows : To repeal restrictions upon private banking, and to provide for the punishment of frauds therein, &c. To repeal the 2d and 34 sections of the aci of December-24, 1S32, tlte act of December 21, 1S33, and the act of 23d December, IS 11). The following necessary resolution was adopted : That the Comptroller General be requested* to report to this House, as soon as practicable, th". amount of indebtedness of tins state, l>y note, bond, state scrip, or other evidences of’ debt: also the net amount of taxes received or to lie received, for the year 1811, and the amount of revenue from other sources, and al so the amount of disbursement from the treas ury for the political years IS 10 and 1841. A hill was introduced to repeal the act of December 23, 1822, relating to interest on usurious contracts. Eastern Circuit.—Charles S. Henry was id upon their j re-elect, d on the first ballot, without opposi- cuergy, zeal and vigilance, will depend the ft- |siou : Henry 149, blank 23. nal result of tbe great conflict which is ap- ! Middle Circuit.—John Silly, was re-elected pronching. We have wiley and trench-j on the first ballot, without opposition : Silly crons adversaries to deal with, who are now 157, blank 17. forming, as they did in 1839 and ’ 40, a coali- j 1 had to close mjf letter while the bnllotings tion ol unholy interests against the rights of for a Judge of the Western Circuit were going ihe people and the Constitution of the Union. Already are the northern Whigs rallying the Abolitionists to the conflict, and when it Eitracts from Mr. Woodbury’s Speech ai Fanactl CKall. Exchanges.—The real difference of ex changes between two places, you know full well, cannot exceed the cost of carrying specie from one to tire other, or else specie would be carried instead of buying a bill of exchange. Now you know, also, that the cost of carrying gold from the remotest points, St.Louis or De troit, does not exceed two per cent. Hence it follows inevitably that all the party slang as to high exchanges without a National Dank, is groundless; and that what trading politi cians please to designate as five, ten, or fifteen per cent, ns a difference in exchanges is not a difference between exchange of specie; but of specie in one place, and bad notes in another. Such a difference they might find across on of your own streets between tlte exchange of specie for the notes of a broken bank. You might as well call the difference between the exchange of a sound horse for an unsound one, in dtllercnt cities, a difference caused by their distance from each other, rather than by their unsouttdness. Only last winter, (to give a practical illus tration on this point) when exchanges were quoted by political presses and bankers as from three to five per cent, on New Orleans, 1 ex changed two hundred thousand dollars of spe cie i.u New Orleans for the same amount paid me at New Yofk, without paying a single dol lar for the difference in exchange. (Applause) Nothing can cure such ignorant or specula ting interference, but some little acquaintance with the true principles of banking and ofcom tnerce, and some restraining grace iu politi cians liot’to make the public the goose to benx- poised to be constantly plucked by a combina tion ofspccnlators, sharks, and blacklegs. Had neither of the hank projects been vetoed, those, miserable schemes would both have fallen still over, except for the public capital nud credit comes on we shall find too many southern 1 No documents have as yet been placed be- Whigs fighting under the iinconseerafcd ban- j fore the legislature, from which 1 could ascer- ner. Mr. Clay and his discomfited horde of i tain the amount of demands upon the public 1 treasury, for the current expenses of tlte gov Many candidates are bnllottcd for. Milledg evilek, Nov. 13, 1811. MlLI.EDGF.VILI.E. Nov. 15, 1841. Kir. Bradford, senator from Crawford coun ty. died in this.city last evening. A hill has passed the House of Representa tives, to authorize the justices of the Inferior Courts of Richmond and Columbia, to have a dividing line between those two counties re- surveyed. the iio.net>, jt!<n. »lie bill for the relief of all persons who have been doubly taxed, was rejected. A bill was passed to increase the jurisdic tion of the justices of the peace. A bill has been introduced iu the House, to repeal tlte act of December 29, 1838. relating to retail licenses of spirituous liquors. This bill contemplates the repeal of the oath provi ded, in the act of 1838. 'The appropriation bill was introduced in tlte House this morning. The Senate adjourned early this morning, on account of the death of Mr. Bradford, after appointing a committee to make arrangements for the funeral. The House appointed a simi lar committee for the same purpose. AIii.li:dgevili.k, Nov. 16, 1811. Yesterday the reports of the Treasurer and Comptroller General were laid before tlte leg islature.— From the report of the Comptroller the following abstract of the operations of the 'Treasury is made. Legislature—President and Speaker's warrants, session of IS10 192,678 50 Civil establishment, common school' fund. Penitentiary fund, Military and Printing hind, &c._ 155,515 93 For Western and Atlantic Rail Road 40,000 00 Sundry special appropriations 42,809 54 MiELFnGKVii.T.K, Nov. 17,1841. A material step towards the restoration of a sound currency in our state, was made yester day, by the passage of the bill repealing the 4 per cent. law. 'There was no opposition to the bill in the Senate, where it originated, but in the House tiiere was some opposition, but not strong in numbers. There was r. motion made to recommit the bill to a committee of the whole house, with the intent of amend ing it so as to postpone its operations to the 1st of May next; but this motion was rejected, yeas 73, nays 101. On the filial passage of the bill the yeas were 144, nays £6. 'This morning no motion of reconsideration was made, so that the hill requires only tile assent of the Governor to become a law. This morning, in the House, Mr. Howard, front the committee on the state of the repub lic. nude a report, reviewing the operations of the-General Government, and especially the measures adopted at the late extra session of Congress. 'To the report resolutions are ap pended, all which have been ordered to be printed. This report is written iu strong lan guage and with much ability. MlLI.EnGKVII.LK, Nov. IS, ISli. A bill has been introduced in tlie senate to prohibit from sale or gift, all books, papers, pamphlets, Writing paper, ink, &c. to any slave or free person of colour. A bill has passed the senate to extend the provisions of an act to facilitate the recovery of money out of the han'ds of sheriffs, coron ers, justices of the peace. &o. The General Assembly proceeded litis mor ning to the elections set apart for this day: Surveyor General. The present itreum bent, A. M. Horton, was re-elected, 2d ballot. Secretary of State. Gen. J. W. A. Sanford, claated 2d ballot. 'Treasurer. Thomas Haynes, the present incumbent, re-elected. The General Assembly were proceeding to the election of Comptroller General, when I had to close my letter. From 11,a Wtihsinghm ((in.) Stirs. Sold Itolibery. We give publication to the following li ner in the hope that it may lead to the dJicciioii of the robbers: “ Dan-burg, Nov. 15, 1841. Dear Sir :-M’c had a robbery in this iiendi- horhood last Thursday night, that is hard^to heat m a small way. Mr. Gilson Hopkins ;i very old man, who has been a cripple‘for years, and entirely unable to walk, j s u le ant of a very small Log Cabin, will, noolher white person about the premises, except a wo man who is in some wav related to him — About eleven o’clock on the night above sta ted, the door of the cabin was suddenly hurst open, and three persons in disguise rushed m —one seized the old man by the throat, anoth er gave the woman sudden notice of ejectment, and the third seized the old man’s strong l,ox! which he kept under Ids bed, and made oil’ with it. The box was found next day half a mile lrom the house, broken open, and a Lag of silver, containing five hundred dollars, and i he pocket-book, were gone—tin; book only contained about thirty-five dollars in cash— Hut the best of the joke is. a bundle of papers was found lying by the box which continued eight thousand dollars in bank I ills, which the scoundrels had overlooked, and was of course return* d to Mr. Hopkins, safe and sound. We truly live in an age of improiement. I do not know that suspicion yet rests ot; any son.” INTELLIGENCE. his consol idatiouists, have “set their life upon the cast,” and they will “stand (he hazard of the die.” Surrounded by the hungry and monopolizing expectants of u United States Hank—by high and protective Tarifl manu facturers—by foreign speculators in the Public Lands ol the Union—by a clique of voracious Pensioners—and by a legion of black-hearted Abolitionists,—they are deteimiucd to carry on a deadly feud against tlte institutions oftlte South, ns they are based upon the fundamen tal principles of the Constitution of the Un ion, and either sink themselves, or that great charter ol our rights, against which they now stand in a declared “ POSITION OF OPPO- SI TION,” as their position has been most sig nificantly defined to be., LeUhe people reflect upon this, mid they will feel, most sensibly lee\, that the great bat tle ,s yd to be fought. Soberly reflecting up on this, they will look upon.the grenj achieve ments they have recently accomplished as the entering wedge which they have fixed into the body ol old Federalism, and that there is yet required a succession of mighty blows to split asunder that deadly monster that seeks the destruction of Jeffersoninii Democracy.— Let the people then, he “up and doing,”and think that nothing is accomplished until all is won. Let them keep in mind the January elections. Balance iu the 'Treasury 341,003 97 31,156 00 From the iV. O. Crcsenl City. Latest from Mexico. By tlie arrival of theschr. Waterwitch, from Vera Cruz, yesterday, we have received intel ligence from Mexico to the last of October.— Santa Am.a had succeded in placing himself once more at the head of Mexican affairs. A convention was called to reform the affairs of the country—and nine tenths oftlte members were men opposed to Bustamente, and readily resolved to depose him, and elevate Santa An na in his stead. A letter da ed City of Mexico, Oct. l-lili says :—“Government has just been organized. On Sunday last, Santa Anna took (he oaths as provisional President of the republic. He im mediately named his ministers as follows: Gen. Tomell, Minister of War. Gomez Podraza, Minister of Foreign Rela tions. Cip. Castillion, Minister of Industry. Francis Garcia, Minister of Finance. Commerce and business here have revived since the change.” Bustamente, it is said, will shortly proceed to Havana, and front thence to Europe. Business is very dull at Vera Cruz, and the only activity that was visible was in forward ing goods to the interior. 'The country is re presented as being perfectly quiet, and should it remain so, it was thought trade would be come brisk. $372,160 03 The following is the reply oftlte President to the letter from New Kent County, Va. invi ting him to a public dinner : Cedar Hill, Kent Co. Nov. 1S41- Gentlemen :—Few things would afford nte more pleasure than to meet my friends and old constituents of this county at the festive board, in pursuance of your polite invitation, but the necessity which exists for my speedy rctnrn to the Seal of Government, plarea it out of my power to do so. I can, however: eminent, the interest on the public debt, and for debts due on account of the State rail road. Until this is ascertained, an estimate cannot be made ol the amount of taxation that will have to be laid, to meet the necessary expenditures, besides the receipts in the treasury from other sources, which must he connected with that estimate. The committees to whom the sub jects of finances and internal improvements, have been confided, will'no doubt report in a few days; when we shall be able to judge of the actual condition of the state finances. But whatever may be the reports oftlte committees, the people of Georgia should prepare, them selves. to make some sacrifices, ifthey wish the public credit to he restored, a sound currency established, and a sure foundation laid for the extinguishment of our public debt, and,the re duction of all heavy taxes in a tew years.— Front the documents already laid before the le gislature, we have beet, able to gather the fact, that the receipts in the Central Bank, from the debts due that institution, will not be sufficient to luce t the expenses of the government; and as the slate possesses no other resources, it is clear that an application must be made to '.he people themselves, for means to support and maintain the public ere Jit. It is true there is a large amount of hank stock remaining un sold ; but this bank stock is not at present available. It may be made so hereafter, if prop er measures are adopted by.tlie present legis lature, by which that stock may be enhanced in value. To raise means, and to reple.nish the treasury, we must have recourse to loans and taxation. I say loans and taxation, for both are indispensable. With loans, we would pay tlte urgent demands upon the treasury, and with taxation we will be able’to pay, punctu ally, the interest on those loans; and bv show ing that we will have the means to pay punc tually the interest, the loan will be obtained at l Jr •*. * Balance on hand Nov. I, IS-10 79,309 60 Received on General Tax of 1S39, 12,254 46 do do of 1841, 17,208 00 Received on state stock, being funds from the Central Bank 221,600 00 Tax oil bank stock 12.13S 29 Dividends on bank stock 12,387 00 Fees and Grants, sale of lots, &,c. 16,662 68 $372,100 03 Tlte amount of appropriations made by acts of December, 1810, for the political year 184.1, was $132,129 11; the amount-drawn, $116,- 041 69 ; and the balance undrawn, $16,087- 42. The amount of executive warrants drawn during the year, on appropriations made, was $238,325 47, and the total balance undrawn of such appropriations appears to be $79,200 42. But tbe Comptroller states, that, from this sum. the balances reported as undrawn on the contingent fund for 1838, the military fund for 1838 and 1839, and on the printing fund for 1840, making the sum of $41,457 45, should he deducted, in order to ascertain the probable liabilities of the Treasury, for the payment of outstanding existing appropria lions. With this deduction, says the Comp troller, the unpaid balance of definite and spe cial appropriations subject to be drawn at the Treasury, now amounts to tlte sum ‘of $37,- 742 97, to which the sum of §2l,0S9 64, should be added, as the probable amount to lie paid oft account of the Poor school Fund, to he apportioned in December next, for the year 1841; making the sum of $58,832 Cl, the present definite liabilities of the Treasury De partment on account of appropriations. Accompanying the report is a statement showing the amount of taxes assessed iu the From the N. O. Picayune. Latcit front Texas and Santa Fe. The U. S. cutter Jackson, Lieut. Gtover, Com’g, front a cruise, and last front Galveston, arrived at theS. W. Bar on the 6th inst. The Hon. Thos. G. Morgan, Collector of this port, returned in the vessel from a tour of inspec tion to the different light houses within this district. The cutter left Galveston on the 31st ult. We learn, verbally, that the Texas navy at that port, consist tug of the sloop of war Aus tin, brings Archer. Wharton and steamer Za vala, were fitting out, and would be ready for sea in a few days. The expedition is designed to act in concert with the Yucatan govern ment against the Mexicans. The Texiau schooner ol war San Bernard also arrived at the Pass on the same day, by which wo received the Galvestonian, of the 26th ult., from which we extract the follow ing:— “Wo learn from (lie Austin Gazette that Alonferay papers have been received in Austin, conveying the intelligence that the Texiati ex pedition hud arrived at Santa Fe, and the com missioners and volunteers had been cordially received hy the citizens. The trade wastirisk in Santa Fe, and tranquility prevailed. From the New .Orleans Courier. Latest from Texas. We are indebted to Capt. Wright, of that excellent steamer the New York, for Galves ton pajiers as late ns Saturday, 13th inst. The following items comprise every thing we could find of a nature at all likely to in terest onr renders. President Lamar’s messngc to the Texas Legislature declares that “Texas is prospe rous. No system of finance suggested. War against Mexico recommended with the navy. No positive information as to the doings of Commissioner General Hamilton. Foreign Michigan The Democratic party in A.ichigan have carried their Governor and Lieutenant Gov ernor Ity lrom four (o six thousand iusi|orily. U ts probable that they have carried <-v< ry Senator, eleven in all, which will give them a majoiity, and it is said they wii! elect every representative in every comity and ilFtiict m •lie State, making an entire Democratic House it Representatives. j?li9*is»i|iiti Elections. The New Orleans papers of Saturday, con tain returns from thirty-six counties, which exhibit the foilo-.ving vole. Shatuck (whig] 8,671: Tucker fioco focoj 9.252. The Demo cratic ticket is undoubtedly elected. Gover nor. Members of Congress and the Legislature, will heloco foco. 'The Vicksburg 117/says: “The State has gone to the devil beds lore- most, and we care not I ow large the majority against ns may be.” We think from the as pect of returns it will he about lifieen hun dred or two thousand. It is not worth while giving the returns in full, ns many of tliotu ar.p only reported, and arc differently stated in’ the papers. Resignations. The Richmond Compiler says that Messrs. Banks and Smith, have both resigned their claims to be tlte representative in Congress lrom the Spolisylvania district of Virginia, and that they are to rim the race over again. At ihe former election Mr. Banks got the return by « few votes, bill Mr. Smith contested the seat. An Act T.i reduce the compensation of tlte members of the General Assembly, the salary of his Excellency the Governor, and other public officers therein named : Section 1st.— lie it enacted by the Striate and House of Representatives of the State of Georgia in General Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, That ihe compensation of thy President of the Senate and Speaker oftlte House of Represen tatives shall he five dollars each, per day, du ring the session, and all other members of the General Assembly shall be four dollars each per day, during the session ; that e; ca men)! cr shall have four dollars for every twenty miles, coming to and going from the Seat of Govern ment, and that no member shall have said lour dollars per day, for any time he may have been absent, unless such absence was from in disposition of himself or family : Provided, no member shall receive any pay, after lie shall have left the General Assembly, for the bal ance of the session. Sec. 2. And 6c it further enacted ly die authority aforesaid, That the salary <>! I |1S Excellency the Governor, shall be tlirce thousand dollars per annum after the expira tion of the present term of ollicc. Sec. 3. And be it further enacted by tbe authority aforesaid, That the salary ot the Secretary of State, the 'Treasurer, Comptroller General, and Surveyor General hereafter to he elected, shall be sixteen hundred dollars each ncr annum. Sf.c. 4. And be it further evaded by the authority aforesaid, That the salaries of th# Judges of the Superior Courts of this State, hereafter to he elected, shall be eighteen hun dred dollars each, per annum. Sec. 5.- And be it further enacted by If authority aforesaid, 'Flint the salaries oft- 0 officers of the Central Bank, and officers ol t 1 Penitentiary, shall be reduced, at and alter i 10 rate of twenty per centum on the amount no'v allowed bv law. , . Sec. 6. And be it further enacted by m authority aforesaid, That from and a 1 passage of this act, the compensation ot > > ^ Printer shall he reduced at and alter * hc r ‘‘ of twenty per cent, on the amount now alio ed hy law. .. Sf.c. 7. And be it further evaded uy authority aforesaid, 'That all laws, or F 1 ^ of laws, militating against this act, bo, o* 1 same are Iteroby repealed. WILLlAAl B. WOFFORD, Speaker of the House of Representative.-- ROBT. Al. ECHOLS, President of the Senate. Assented to, 11th November, 1841. Charles j. McDonald, * Governor,