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BY ALBON CHASE.
ATHENS, GEORGIA,
the SOUTHER!! BANNER,
I* published in Athens, Ga u a few yards west
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ADMINISTRATORS’ SALES, Ac.
ADMINISTRATOR’S SALE.
WILL be sold on the first Tuesday in February
7 v ucsv, uomie me cuuri-iiouse uilorat oiantes-
villc, in Habersham county, the following parcels
of land, to wit: part of lot 111. cantair>i*»g
hundred acres, more or less, also part of lot 122,
supposed to contain one hundred acres, adjoining
the part of 111 as above stated, making in all,
300 acres, more or less, situated in the eleventh
district of said county, the same being all the lands
which Peter Kinsey, late of said county, de
ceased, possessed, except that part which by will
of said Peter was disposed of to his widow.
The said lands to be sold at satd place. Terms
made known on the day of sale.
WILLIAM KINSEY, Adm’r.
Dec. 2—38—tds.
MONTHLY NOTICES.
GEORGIA, GWINNETT COUNTY.
Court of Ordinary, July Term, 1842.
W HEREAS Thomas P. Hudson, administra
tor with the will annexed, of James Hutch
ins, deceased, petitions this court for a discharge
from said administration.
It is therefore Ordered, That all persons con
cerned, show cause, if any they have, on or before
toe first Monday in March next, why they said
Thomas P. Hudson shall not be discharged from
said administration according to the statute in said
case made and provided, and it is further Ordered.
That this rule be published in a public gazette of
this State once a month for six months previous to
that time.
A true extract from the minutes. July 8th. 1842.
HENRY P. THOMAS, c. c. o.
July 15—18—Cm.
ADMINISTRATOR’S SALE.
W ILL be sold on the first Tuesday, in Febru
ary next, before the court-house door in the
town of Clayton, Rabun county, between the usual
hours of sale, the following town lots in the town
of Clayton, known and distinguished in the plan of
said town, by Nos. 8 and 26. Sold as the property
of John Derrick, late of said county, deceased, for
the benefit of the heirs and creditors of said de
ceased. Terms made known on the day ol sale.
ALLEN R. GAINS, Adm’r.
Dec. 2—38—tds.
EXECUTOR’S SALE.
A GREEABLY to an order of the Honorable
court of Ordinary of Franklin county, will be
sold on the first Tuesday in January next, at the
court-house door of said county, four likely negroes,
to wit: three men and one woman. Sold as the
property of Stephen Chatham, deceased. Terms
made known on the day of sale.
CHAF1N CHATHAM, Exec’r.
Oct. 28—33—ids.
GEORGIA, GWINNETT COUNTY.
Court of Ordinary, July Term, 1842.
W HEREAS Clark Howell, administrator de
bonis non, on the estate of James Wardlaw,
deceased, petitions this court for a discharge from
said administration.
Jl ts thcrejore ordered, by the court, that all
persons concerned, show cause if any tbev have.
n n k„r— ihji inonnay in March next, why
the said administrator shall not be discharged, from
said administration, according to the statue in such
case made and provided, and it is further Ordered,
That this rule be published in a public gazette of
this State, once a month for six months previous to
that time.
A true extract from the minutes, July 8th, 1842.
HENRY P. THOMAS, c. c. o.
July 15—18—6m.
GEORGIA, GWINNETT COUNTY.
Court of Ordinary, September Term, i842.
Present the Honorable Samuel F. Alexander, Sam
uel C. Dunlap, John C. Whitworth, Levi Love
less and Richard D. Winn, Justices.
O N application of John P. Hutchins, sole survi
ving administrator of the estate of Wells
Thompson, deceased, stating to the court that said
estate is administered, and prays the court to be dis
charged from said administration.
It is therefore ordered, That this rule be publish
ed once a month for six months, according to the
ctatuto in such cast, made and i>rovided, and that
unless cause to the contrary be shown the said
Hutchins Will be discharged in terms uf tin law.
A true extract from the minutes ofsaid court, this
5th day of September, 1842.
HENRY P. THOMAS, c. c. o
Sept. 9—26—6in.
POETRY.
DECEMBER 9, 1842.
VOL, XI.—NO, 39.
Weep not for Him that Dietb.
Tears for the weary ones who keep
Long watch beneath the sun;
But sorrow not for those that sleep,—
Their heritage is won.
Go then with song and garland green,
Lay down each painless head,
Though dark the shadow’s iine between
Us and our tearless dead.
Say, hast thou seen the beautiful,
The flowers of earth depart ?
Alas! for death has taken still
The treasure of the heart.
Let peace to cherished buds of Spring,
In their green promise shed,
For they left the land of withering—
Weep not our early dead.
Are the world’s comforters at rest!
Why have our good trees gone,
With all their freshness, from the waste,
While fruitless thorns live on?
But bright before us shines the path
Where anvels onward SDed,
For they were strangers on the earth,—
Weep not our blessed dead !
Or mourns our land the brave and just,
Her sword and shield lay low—
For hearts in whom the nation trust?
The true, the faithful, go.
But glory to the eagle’s home.
Though clouds around it spread,
For tempests never reach the tomb;
Weep not our fearless dead.
Hath science lost her wise and bright,
Their country’s joy and crown;
The stars that gave the nation’s light
Perchance gone eariy down,
Who left their glory in our sky,
Like sunset o’er us shed ?—
But they have reached eternity;
Weep not our glorious dead.
Thus freely let us give the best
Of all earth’s bright and brave,
(With changeless love around their rest,)
To the victorious grave;
For it hath hushed the storms of strife,
And healed the hearts that bled ;
l>v.»«l, uni v iliirn (tin i will* lift,—
u'uen weep not tor the dead !
MISCELLANY.
EXECUTORS’ SALE.
1 "*7ILL be sold in Cobb county, at the cow pens
*T of Elisha Winn, deceased, on Wednesday
the 14th day of December next, one horse, 14
head of cattle, 4000 lbs. pork, about 30 stock hogs,
a quantity of corn and fodder, &c. &c. Sold as
the property of Elisha Winn, deceased. Terms
made known on the day of sale.
WM. MALTB1E,) E ,
R.D. WINN, $ L.xec rs.
Oct. 29—33—tds.
*. ituiMia'i'D imno’e Qti n
A GREEABLY to an order of the court of Ordi
nary of Oglethorpe county, will be sold at the
court-house in Lexington, on the first Tuesday in
January next, four negroes, (one negro man about
•10 years of age, two boys about 16, and one girl 8
or 10 years old,) belonging to the estate of Henry
Spratling, late of said county, deceased. Terms
made known on the day of sale.
JOHNSON SPRATLING, Adm’r.
Oct. 28—33—tds.
GEORGIA, GWINNETT COUNTY.
Court of Ordinary, adjourned Term, Oct. lx/, 1842.
Present the IIonoTabie Samuel C. Dunlap, Samuel
F. Alexander and Richard D. Winn, Justices.
W HEREAS Clark Howell and Jane Martin,
administrator and administratrix of James C.
Martin, deceased, petition to this court for letters
of dismission from said administration.
’It is therefore ordered, That all persons concern
ed show cause, if any they have, on or before the
first Monday in May next, why said letters should
not be granted.
And it is further ordered. That this rule be pub
lished in a public Gazette of this State once a month
for the space of six months previous to that time.
I certify that the above is a true extract from the
minutes of said court, this 1st day of October, 1842.
HENRY P. THOMAS, c. c, o.
October 7—30—6m.
EXECUTORS’ SALE.
W ILL be sold at the court-house in Cobb coun
ty, on the first Tuesday in February next,
two lots of land Nos. 1196, 3d dist. and 3d section,
and 1253, 3d dist. ano 3d section. Sold as the
property of Elisha Winn, deceased. Terms made
known on the day of sale.
WM. MALTBIE, ) - .
R.D. WINN, ) Exec rs
Oct. 28—33—tds.
ADMINISTRATOR’S SALE.
A GREEABLY to an order of the Honorable
Court of Ordinary of Habersham county, will
be sold on the first Tuesday in February next, he
fore the court-house in Lumpkin county, Lot No.
415, 13th district, 1st section, North. Sold as the
property of Frederick Mize, deceased, for the ben
efit of his heirs and creditors. Terms made known
on the day. JESSE WINDSOR, Adm’r.
Nov. 25—37—tds.
I
UEDKlilA, HALJfclKSHAIVI COUNTY.
Court of Ordinary, Sept, adjourned Term, 1842.
Present their Honors, George D. Phillips, Joseph
Prince, Armstead Pophatn and S. S. Baily.
T appearing to the court that John H. Jones, ad
ministrator of the estate of Benjamin Vaughan
of said county, deceased, having fully, fairly and
lawfully administered the same, and also prays for
a dismission from the same.
It is therefore ordered by the Court, That he be
discharged therefrom after the proper notices be
given by the Clerk of said court, unless good cause
be shown to the contrary.
A true transcript from the minutes of said Court,
this 7th October, 1842.
LEWIS LEVY, c. c. o.
Oct. 21—32—6in.
ADMINISTRATOR’S SALE.
A GREEABLY to an order of the Honorable
Court of Ordinary of Habersham county, will
be sold on the first Tuesday in February next, be
fore the court-house in Murray county, Lot No.
170. 10th district of Murray county. Sold as the
property ot Elizabeth Ann Snelgrove, deceased.—
Teims made known on the day.
DEVEREAUX JARRETT, Adm’r,
Nov. 25—37—tds.
GEORGIA, GWINNETT COUNTY.
Court of Ordinary, July Term, 1842.
W HEREAS Clark Howell, administrator with
the will annexed, of Jonathan Johnson, de
ceased, petitions this court for a discharge from his
said administration.
It i* therefore Ordered, by this court that all per
sons concerned, show cause, if any they have, on
or before the first Monday in March next, why
the said administrator shall not be discharged from
his said administration, according to the statue in
such case made and provided, and it is further Or
dered, That this rule be published in a public ga
zette of this State, once a month for six months
previous to that time.
A true extract from the minutes, July 8th, 1842.
HENRY P. THOMAS, c. o. o.
July 15—18—6m.
FOUR MONTHS’ NOTICES.
I JAOUR months after date, application will be
made to the Honorable court of Ordinary of
Habersham county, for leave to sell the real estate
of Frederick Mize, deceased.
JESSE WINDSOR, Adm’r.
September 9—26—im.
I ^AOUR months after date application will be
- made to the Honorable Inferior court ofGwin-
GEORG1A, FRANKLIN COUNTY.
Court of Ordinary, July Term, 1842.
T HE petition of Thomas F. Anderson, Admin-
trator ofthe estate of John Nixon, deceased,
shows that he has completed the business of said
estate, and prays to be dismissed.
It is therefore Ordered, That the said Thomas
F. Anderson be discharged and dismissed from
said administration at the next March Term of this
court, unless good cause be shown to the contrary.
And that this order be published once a month for
six months before that time.
A true copy from the minutes of said court, this
7th day of July, 1842. TllO’S KING, c. c. o.
July 15—18— 6m.
s, for
late
ncll county, when sitting for ordinary purposes
leave to sell the real estate of Peter T. Tatum,
of said county, deceased.
NEWTON.IMcDILL, Adm’r.
Sept. 30—29—m4m.
F OUR months after date application will be made
to the Honorable the Inferior court of Walton
county, when sitting for Ordinary purposes, for
leave to sell all the Lands belonging to the estate
of Richard B. Humphrey, deceased.
HILLSMANHAWK, )
GREEN A. MALCOM, $
Sept. 30—29—lm.
Adm’rs.
P OUR months after date, application will be
made to the Honorable court' of Ordinary of
Franklin coun’y, for leave to sell the lands belong
ing to the estate of James Wheeler, deceased.
ISAAC TABOR, Adm’r.
September 2—25—4m.
GEORGIA, JACKSON COUNTY.
W HEREAS James Hampton and James Har
graves, Executors on the estate of Charles
McKinney, Sr„ deceased, apply for letters of Dis
mission from said estate.
These are therefore to cite and admonish all and
singular the kindred and creditors of said deceased,
to be and appear at my office within the time pre
scribed by law, to show cause, if any they have,
why said letters should not be granted.
Given under my hand, this 30th of September
1842. JOHN G. PITTMAN, c. c. o.
Sept. 30—29—6m.
F OUR months after date, application will be
made to the Honorable court of Ordinary of
Habersham county, for leave to sell the real es
tate of Peter Kinsey, deceased.
„ WILLIAM KINSEY, Adm’r.
September 2—25—lm.
GEORGIA, HALL COUNTY.
W HEREAS Joroyal Barnett applies to me for
Letters of Administration on the estate of
Joseph R. Barnett, late of said county, deceased.
This is therefore to cite and admonish all and sin
gular the kindred and creditors of said deceased,
to be and appear at my office within the time pre
scribed by law, to shew cause, if any exist, why said
Letters should not be granted.
Given under my hand, this 1st day of Nov. 1842.
E. M. JOHNSON, c. c. o.
Nov. 18—36—30d.
F OUR months after date, application will be
made to the Inferior court of Gwinnett county,
when sitting for ordinary purposes, for leave to
sell all the land and negioes belonging to the estate
of Thomas Edwards, deceased.
i , JESSE LOWE, AdmV.
August 10—02—4m.
GEORGIA, FRANKLIN COUNTY.
W HEREAS Meriweather Clemonds applies to
me for Letters of Administration with the
Will annexed, on the estate of Lucy Clemonds, de
ceased.
These are therefore to cite and admonish all and
singular the kindred and creditors of said deceased,
to be and appear at my office within the time pre
scribed by law, to shew cause, if any they can, why
said letters should not be granted.
Given under my hand, this 10thday of Nov., 1842.
THOS. KING c. c. o.
Nov. 18—36—30d,
From the Democratic Revitu).
Life of John Tyler.
It has fallen to the lot of hut few individ
uals to exercise so potent an influence on
the destinies of their country, as the subject
of this sketch. But recently elevated to the
office of Vice President of the nation, a post
which has heretofore been considered of fur
less than secondary importance to that of
the Chief Magistrate, Mr. Tyler by asolemn
dispensation of Providence became invested
with the attributes of Executive power on
the very threshold of his official career.—
The death of President Harrison, and his
accession thereby to the station of Chief
Magistrate, are events of too recent occur
rence to require more than a passing nntieo
m*— i i »_ uu. -a. tcfl Will tlOt
permit an elaborate review of the earlier in
cidents of his life, and we shall therefore but
briefly glance over the more prominent fea
tures of his history, and proceed to the dis
cussion of those great measures of public
policy which have been agitated since his
elevation to the Presidency, and over many
of which he has exercised so salutary a con
trol.
John Tyler was born in Charles City
County, Virginia, on the 29th of April,
1790, and is now in the fifty-third year ol
his age. His father for a considerable pe
riod held the office of Governor of that
ancient Commonwealth, and enjoyed the
friendship and esteem of the distingished
statesmen of his day. A neighbor and inti
mate friend of Thomas Jefferson, he posses
sed the unreserved confidence of that emi
nent apostle of Democracy, which contin
ued uninterrupted to the close of his exis
tence. The friendship of the father was
continued to the son, and accordingly, at
Mr. Jefferson’s demise, the subject of our
sketch was called on to deliver a eulogy on
the departed patriot; a task to the perfor
mance of which he brought the whole ener
giesofa cultivated mind, and an ardent ad
miration of the character of the deceased
statesman. The eulogy was delivered at
Richmond, and evinces a deep-seated con
viction of the importance of Mr. Jefferson’s
political principles, and an enthusiastic ap
preciation of the eminent services he ren
dered to his country. At the early age of
twenty-one years, Mr. Tyler was elected to
the Legislature of Virginia, and five years
thereafter was placed in Congress. In 1826,
he was elevated to the distinguished station
of Governor of the State of Virginia, the
duties of which he discharged for about one
year and a half, when the Legislature selec
ted him to fill a vacancy in the Senate of the
United States. Having served in that ca
pacity during one term, he' was re-elected
and continued in that office until a differ
ence of opinion arose between General Jack
son and himself, on some measures of pub
lic policy, when being instructed by the Leg
islature of Virginia to vote in their favor, he
resigned his seat and went into voluntary
retirement. In the various stations thus
briefly alluded to, Mr. Tyler’s talents and
judgement were called into frequent exer
cise, and his speeches and written addresses
are marked by forcible and brilliant concep
tions clothed in language of great beauty
and purity.
The Whig Convention which assembled
at Harrisburg, in the State of Pennsylvania,
selected him as their candidate for Vice
President, to which office he was elected in
the autnmn of 1840. Up to this period the
influence of Mi. Tyler’s views was neces
sarily limited to a comparatively circum
scribed sphere of action, but the demise of
General Harrison at once placed him on on
eminence where the exercise of the legiti
mate functions of his station involved the
most momentous consequences to the well
being of the whole nation.
Flushed with success, the Whig party
anticipated no obstacle to the complete tri
nraph of those favorite schemes, which,
however veiled from the public eye during
the presidential canvass, were not the less
cherished by the Federal phalanx through
out all the phases of their ever-shifting ca
Rushing to the possession of place
anrf power with an appetite whetted by the
protracted struggle which had preceded vic
tory,the wire-pullers found themselves un-
expecedly checked by the decision and firm
ness Oian individual elevated by themselves.
And hire it becomes us to pause and review
the postion of the Executive at this impor
tant crisis.
Haviig for a long period occupied sta
tions ofpublic trust, which rendered neces
sary thepromulgation of his sentiments on
the mostgrave and weighty subjects connec
ted withour political institutions, he found
himself surrounded by influences the most
hostile tc his pre-conceived and frequently
declared principles, and was left the alter
native of abandoning the convictions of a
long life and falsifying his character for con
sistency, or of firmly maintaining his fideli
ty at the cost of encountering the embittered
assaults of those who were instrumental in
his elevation. Foremost among those im.
jjuiuo;* -wf inuiinn.il policy, the
question of establishing a moneyed corpora
tion by the General Government stood forth,
broad, massive, and overshadowing.
On numerous occasions—in the Senate
of the United States—on the hustings in
Virginia—in communications to individuals
and public bodies, and in casual and private
conversations, Mr. Tyler had steadily de
nied the constitutional right of Congress to
charter such an institution.
To fortify this settled conviction, the
President found that the evils which the
framers of the Constitution had, with far-
seeing eye, anticipated from the existence of
such a monopoly, were more than verified
by the blistering developments that were
unfolded in the management of the United
States Bank of Pennsylvania, with its ad
mitted “odor of nationality ; M and he wisely
determined to stand by his principles with
out calculating the cost or inconvenience to
•nuiocir ^v/iduuaiiy* a uw awuu *o uuuic
the country, and we intend briefly to glance
at the effects, past, present, and prospective,
which have followed and may be expected
to follow from his official acts. YY-e are
aware, indeed, that Mr. Tyler has been
accused of Treachery by a large portion of
his Whig allies, but we find the burden of
testimony decidedly opposed to such a con-
nud without .his knowledge, to devise plans
to coerce him into submission. While these
clustou. Certain it is, that the settled poli
cy of that party at the late presidential cam
paign caused them to openly disavow the
imputation attempted to be fastened on them
by their opponents, that they were the ad
vocates of a National Bank ; and according
ly we find even Henry Clay declaring at a
public meeting at Taylorville, Hanover
county, Virginia, on the 27th June, 1840,
that the question of chartering a National
Institution 11 should be left to the arbitra
ment of an enlightened public opinion.”
_ Pram a published communication of Mr.
Henry a. Yv lse, recently addressed to his
constituents in Virginia, the fact is directly
asserted, that during that time which elapsed
between the nominations at Harrisburg and
the election, and while Congress was in
session, it was considered necessary that the
views of Mr. Tyler upon- a National Bank
should be obtained. For this purpose Mr.
Wise was selected to address Mr. Tyler on
that subject, who, in his reply, stated dis
tinctly that his views in relation to such an
iisliuition remained unchanged, and that
utre he .the President he could never sign
ct charter for any such incorporation while
tie Constitution remained in its present
firm.
This he plainly and unequivocally stated,
tiat his views might be submitted to the
Vhigs in Congress, and, through them, to
tie nation.
This letter was shown by Mr. Wise to
Mi. Biddle, of Pittsburgh, and other leading
Whig members of Oougicj.oc.i«r.«»*;~.., — j
it was hft.for them to say whether the letter
should be published or not. 'They decided
that Air. Tyler's letter should not go before
the publn ! The above explicit declaration
of the honorable member of Congress ap
pears abutdantly conclusive, and we are
therefore justified in the conclusion that he
wis selected as the candidate of the Whigs
in 1840 for his availability, without re-
gtrding the cohesion of his views with their
ovn, or demanding the abandonment or
modification of his cherished convictions.—
Tins, by a Providential dispensation, neith
er usual nor untnstructive, the temporary
asiendency of a deceptive course of policy
wis overthrown, and the high-priests of
Eror were stricken with a singular but
merited retribution while administering the
sac:ificia( rites at the very altar of their tri
uropV
On the threshold of his administration
the President was brought into official com
munication with advisers selected by his
predecessor, and, nerving himself for the
mighty struggle which he foresaw was ap
proaching, he permuted some minor meas
ures to pass without opposition, which un
der other circumstances he might have op
posed.
The passage of the bill to incorporate a
Bank of the’ United States signalised the
great crisis, and demanded the exercise of
his utmost firmness.
We learn from an eye-witness the extra
ordinary measures which were adopted at
this period to overthrow the President’s set
tled purpose.
Committees of Congress were in constant
attendance at his rooms, assailing him with
earnest appeals to his feelings and his in
terests ou the one hand, while on the other
the pfeials of federal wrath were denounced
if he continued obdurate. Even the privacy
of bis bed chamber was invaded at unsea
sonable hours by individuals in high station
and the extraordinary expedient was resor
ted to, of summoning his intimate personal
friends from his native State to beseech
him to give his sanction to the bill of abom
inations. To crown the machinations of
the federal politicians in and out of Con
gress, the members of the President’s Cabi
uet, with an idelicacy and violation of duty
unparalleled in the history of our Govern
ment, held a secret meeting at the Treasu
ry Department, apart from the President
extraordinary and persevering efforts were in
progress, the Democratic members of Con
gress were naturally suspicions of the fidel
ity to principle of one who had been eleva
ted to office by the Federal forces, and they
consequently declined any interference in
the matter.^ The result was, that Mr. Ty
ler was left single-handed and alone to com
bat the powerful influences which-were as
sailing his integrity, and was compelled to
rely on the sustaining power of his Maker,
and the approving voice of his own con
science.
Fortunately for the country, he planted
his foot on the rock of principle, and on the
16th of September, 1841, placed his official
veto on the odious law. To properly esti
mate the value of Mr. Tyler’s firmness, we
must review the position of the Democratic
party at this eventful crisis. Defeated at
all points, and overwhelmed by the force of
the political tornado which had swept over 1
the land, they saw before them but a succes
sion of.aristocratic usurpations, whose effects
would shake the very foundations of our
valued institutions. The firmness of Mr.
Tyler dispelled the gathering gloom, and
the meed of approval awarded him by the
patriot at the Hermitage met with a willing
response from the Democracy of the whole
Union, until Us echoes were lost in the cav
erns of the Rocky Mountains.
The defeat of their darling object induced
the Whig party in Congress, and their al
lies in the Cabinet, to attempt to destroy Mr.
Tyler’s influence if they could not bend him
to their purpose.
To accomplish this they plied him with
artful queries as to the kind of Government
Bank or agency he would sanction, noted
all his remarks, and husbanded every iso
lated expression with the intention of insti
tuting a question of cemnitir Kotmenn thf»m T
sciwS miu mm. His veto of the second
Bank Bill was followed by the resignation
of all his Cabinet ministers (except the Sec
retary ofState,) who, with a lack of delicacy
which cannot be too highly censured, is
sued addresses to the public criminating the
President, and accusing him of deception
and insincerity. Their statements, howev
er, being inconsistent with each other, failed
to effect the object intended, and their man
ifestoes and themselves are consigned to
merited obscurity; or if remembered, Jive
atone in the contempt of the community.
During the recess between the adjourn
ment of Congress, at i's special session, and
the commencement of its regular meeting
in December last, the impoverished state of
the National Treasury induced the Presi
dent to recommend the repeal of that sec
tion of the act to distribute the proceeds of
the public hinds among the States which
authorizes such distribution whenever^®
duties on imports did not exceed twenty per
centum on their value.
This recommendation, although evident
ly justified by the exigencies of the Govern
ment, was assailed with great bitterness by
the Whig leaders in Congress, and met
with prompt rejection by the federal major
ity of that body.
The breach between the President and
his quondam allies had now evidently be
come irreparable, and we find the remaind
er of the session of Congress wasted in the
fruitless endeavors to place the Executive
in a false position. The first movement to
effect this object was made by that arch
leader of the Federal forces, Henry Clay,
who signalized his withdrawal from the
Senate of the United States by an assault on
the veto power, in which he advocated such
a change in the Constitution as would annul
or materially weaken this salutary check on
congressional usurpation. His follower? in
***** hqniaopr pynrtl \r nro.
pared to adopt so revolutionary a stYgges
lion, and the resolutions of Mr. Clay quietly
repose on the table of the United States Sen
ate, an enduring monument of the folly of
which their distinguished author could be
capable.
The next scheme to coerce the President,
was an attempt to reduce him to a compli
ance with the wishes ol the Whig party, by
virtually threatening to cut off the supplies.
On the last day of July, the duties on all
imported goods were reduced, by the terms
of the compromise act, to twenty per cent.,
but the provisions of the law were couched
in language so ambiguous, that doubts were
entertained of the power to enforce the col
lection of the revenue. The passage of
“the little Tariff Bill” legalized the provis
ions of the compromise act, bnf. provided at
the same time for the suspension, for thirty
days, of that portion of the distribution law
whiclv prevented the division of the pro
ceeds of the public lands when the duties
on imports exceeded twenty per cent. To
sanction this law would have convicted
Mr. Tyler of gross inconsistency, while its
rejection involved embarrassments to the
national finances, and endangered the pub
lic credit.
The President promptly vetoed the bill
(the veto message was sent to Congress on
the 29th of June) having wisely decided
that the invasion of a high moral principle
is irreparable, while the inconvenience cre
ated by a rigid adherence to right is suscep
tible of removal or modification. r I he pas
sage of the second tariff bill, embodyinethe
same unacceptable features as its predeces
sors, again elicited a presidential veto, and
the Federal majority were left the unpleas
ant alternative of abandoning the ground
they had so.vauntingly occupied, or of en
countering the opposition of the manufactu-
rers, who were clamoring at the doors df the
capitol, demanding legislative protection.
The indignant rebukes of the people at the
reckless conduct of the congressional major
ity duiino' a session of nearly nine months
duration, at length forced an unwilling ac
tion on the tariff question, which resulted
in the passage of the present law. The bill
enacted in hot haste at the close of the ses
sion, although odious in many of its leading
provisions, was necessarily approved by the
Executive, and became a law. The views
of Mr. Tyler, on the subject of revenue, ap
peal, from his published'declarations, to be
consonant with sound policy, while the
principle of indirect taxation continues to be
adhered to by our Government. The re
cent indications of returning sanity on the
part of the British Government, in relation
to the expediency of levying prohibitory du
ties, warrants the hope that the day is not
far distant when the principles of free trade
will be more generally understood and rec
ognised, and governments will learn that
unloosing the shackles of commerce is the
most certain method of attaining the highest
state of national prosperity. The odiens
appendage to the apportionment lay, which
was adopted at the close of the session, and
the repeal of the salutary provinces of the
distribution law before alluded to—followed
by the immediate adjournment of Congress
—gave the President an opportunity of
withholding his sanction to those bills, and
thus defeating them without the necessity
of formal vetoes. A biief glance at the
tendency of the more important measures
adopted by the Whig majority of Congress,
and which were disapproved by Mr. Tyler,
will not be here out of place.
The country was passing through a fi
nancial crisis of unparalleled severity ; and
to the social and political evils connected
with the establishment of a Bank of the
United States, would have been added a re
turn of that undue expansion of the curren
cy, which, in its inevitable re-action, has
carried general prostration and ruin to the
trading portion of the community. But
soaring lar above all other considerations in
its influence on the welfare of the people, is
the moral pestilence which pervades the at
mosphere of a gigantic moneyed institution,
undermining, as it does, the very founda
tion ol public and private confidence mid
integrity, and engendered evils which are
entailed on succeeding generations. With
cl StP.nflv Plirrpnoir hnccrl nn flip |>rAar»i/Mic mot
als, of uniform value, aud not subject to
sudden expansions and contractions, we
may confidently anticipate a slow but cer
tain return to a state of permanent prosperity.
Like the law to establish a Government
Bank, that which authorises the distribution
of the proceeds of the public domain is
fraught with evils of no common magni
tude. It ts, indeed, an embodiment of that
vicious principle in legislation—the distor
ted child of Federal parentage—which cre
ates gigantic schemes of national extrava
gance with the view of dazzling the people
with the semblance of prosperity, the better
to fleece them of their honest earnings.
Thus, the exploded schemes of internal
improvement to be carried on by the Gener
al Government were attempted to be revived
through the agency of the States, and the
money of the people was to be squandered
indirectly on those objects against which
the Democracy of the conntrsr have declared
an eternal hostility. The demoralization
and debasement which have ever followed
in the track of similar expedients in all ages
and countries should warn the American
people of their danger. That system of du
ties on imports which operates as a bounty
to one class of individuals at the cost of the
remainder, is equally exceptionable in prin
ciple, and scarcely less injurious in practice.
Having for its basis the false theory of coer
cing foreign nations into becoming the trib
utaries of our own, through a system of
prohibitory duties levied on the products
and manufactures of those States, it results
in chaining down the energies ofindividual
enterprise, according a premium to the illi
cit trader at the expense of the honest mer
chant, and compelling the consumer to pay
an unequal tax to benefit a few wealthy man
ufacturers.
This state of things creates the necessity
for nn army of official spies to neutralize
oUheingejiious evaders of gov-
the burthens of the producing classes, and
withdrawing from the vitals ol the commu
nity, in a covert manner, the aliment which
feeds and pampers a host of greedy stipendi
aries.
Thus, step by step, the Federal party
were marching onward in their path ot eu-
croachmeut ou the liberties ot the people,
when the unsustained firmness of John Ty
ler planted an insurmountable barrier to
their progress. In the prompt appreciation
of purity of purpose and patriotic adherence
to right, the Democracy of the country are
ever true to their generous impulses. To
errors of mere policy they are lcuient, while
the ground of principle is firmly maintained.
They justly appreciate the value of integrity
in high station, and are ntindful that the
day may not be far distant when a new
combination of untoward events may again
require the exercise of similar firmness to
avert the like calamities. Mr. Tyh»i is
now separated from the Federal party by
an impassable gulf. To secure the contin
ued approbation of the Republican party
his measures must beessentially Democratic,
holding no compromise with the enemies of
popular rights. The talents and education
of Mr. Tyler have qualified him for the
proper discharge of the duties of the high
trust he has assumed, and his annual and
special messages are marked by vigor of
thought and felicity of expression. As a
debater he possesses easy- fluency and a
graceful delivery, and his conversational
powers are of a high order. To a pleasing
but diguified demeanor he unites the Irank-
ness and gallant bearing of a Virginia gen
tleman, and his opinions on all subjects are
given -with freedom and candor, lu person
he is tall and rather slightly formed, with
prominent features, whose expression is de
cidedly intellectual.
“You seem to be full of the milk of hu
man .kindness,” as the tqonkey said when he
sacked the cocoa nut.
“ A little learning is a dangerous thing,”
as the schoolboy blubbered when he receiv
ed corporeal punishment for inattention to
his lesson. ■
u Breakers ahead ” as the woman said
when she knocked the large teapot into
pieces on her husbartd’S pate.