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GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
; Correspondence of the Constitutionalist. .
Milledgeville, Nov. 28th, 1842.
As there has been little or nothing’ else
done in the House to-day, but the reconsid
eration, amendment and passage of one bill
which occupied the House during most of
the day Saturday, and as it seems to be a
measure of great interest to a portion ot the
people of Georgia, 1 will copy the bill and
send it to you—so that yon and your read
ers may judge whether it really possesses
that importance which would attach to it,
while under discussion. 1 noticed the in
troduction of the bill in mine of the 16th
instant, and gave a bird's eye view of it—
but here it is entire.
A bill to repeal an act entitled an act to
extend the time for fortunate drawers in all
the laud lotteries, and in the gold lottery, to
take out their grants—assented to, 10th De
cember, 1811; and to limit the time for the
fortunate drawers in said lotteries to take
out their grants ; and to provide for the dis
position of the same if not granted within
the limitation.
Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives of the state of
Georgia in General Assembly met, and it is
hereby enacted by the authority of the
same, That an act entitled an act to extend
the time for fortunate drawers in all the
land lotteries, and in the gold lottery, to
take out their grants, except in the counties
hereinafter excepted, assented to, on the 10th
December, 1841, be, and the same is hereby
repealed.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted by the
authority-aforesaid, That the fortunate
drawers in the land lottery of 1821, embra
cing the counties ol originally Dooly, Hous
ton, lvlonroe, Henry and Fayette; and the
fortunate drawers in the land lottery of 1827,
embracing the counties of Lee, Muscogee,
Troup, Coweta and Carroll ; and the fortu
nate drawers in the land and gold lottery of
1S32, embracing the counties of originally
Cherokee, Forsyth, Cobb, Cass, Lumpkin,
Gilmer, Murray, Walker, Paulding, Dade,
Chattooga, Union and Floyd, shall takeout
their grauts, on or before the first day of Ju
ly, 1S43, or the same shall be considered as
reverted to the state ; provided always, that
the operation of this act shall not apply to
Jands drawn by orphans, until twelve
inotuns nner ii>c juuu^voi .u—u
attained the age of twenty one years ; only
so far as to authorize the commissioner or
commissioners to issue a certificate to the
highest bidder as hereinafter provided. But
a grant in no instance shall issue on said
certificate until the purchaser shall file the
•ididavit of two or more respectable witnes
s's, that the privilege of the orphan or or
phans uuder the provisions of this act have
Provided, further, that if any per-
x piped.
sun shall apply for a grant for any of the
auds mentioned in tins act at any time be- counting all free white persons, and three
and for as long a period as he may deem
necessary to give it general publicity. .
Section 10 repeals all laws militating
against this Act.. / ^
Such, sir, is the bill wKich aroused a
number of gentlemen on either side of the
aisle this morning. Mr. Toombs and Mr.
Thomas urged the rejection of the bill on
account of the pledge^iven by the act of 1841,
extending the time for taking out grants to
the 1st of December, 1S43 ; and.the uncer
tainty of the drawer receiving intelligence of
the repeal of the former and the passage of
the present bill, before the time would expire.
Mr. Barclay closed the debate. He de
fended his offspring in his usual ingenious,
open and frank manner, believing it to be
an act of justice to the state. That from the
present moment legislation should be direc
ted to the honor and credit of the state, until
her embarrassments were relieved ; and
then and not till then should Georgia be
generens before she was just.
In Senate, Nov. 28. Mr. Cone reported
a bill to dispose uf the Western &. Atlantic
Hail Road. The bill to amend the 1st sec
tion of the 3d article of the constitution was
passed, yeas 51, nays 15. The bill to de
fine the liability of joint endorsers iri the
Central Bank was lost. Also, the bill to re
peal the act of December, 1830, and all acts
of which the same is nmendatorv, to alter
the Jury’s and Attorney’s fees, was lost.
The Senate was engaged in reading bills
from the House a second time,mnJ adjournod
at an early hour.
In the House ot Representatives, Nov. 29.
The special order of the day, to wit: The
bill to alter and change the 3d and 7th sec
tions of the 1st article of the constitution was
taken up and considered. It adopts the fol
lowing in lieu of the 3d section. “The
Senate shall be elected biennially, on the 1st
Monday in October, until snch day of elec
tion shall be altered by law ; and shall con
sist of forty members, to be chosen by dis
tricts, by the elcctots thereof, in the follow
ing manner to wit: The General Assembly
shall, at the session that this amendment
shall be adopted as part of the constitution,
and by an act to be introduced after the
adoption thereof, divide the stale into forty
districts, from each of which, one Senator
shall be chosen ; that in the formation of
said districts no county shall be divided, and
such district shall be formed of contiguous
counties, andxajniam.jis.nenr)y as possible,
an equal number of iritianir«rn^-qoul.^.. b -CTfI
free white persons, and three fifths of* the
people of color.
That in lieu of the 7th section of the 1st
article of the constitution the followingshall
be adopted: “ The House of Representa
tives siiall be composed of one hundred and
thirty members—each county shall have one
representative, and no county shall have
more than two representatives—thirty-seven
counties having the greatest population,
The memorial of Writ. A. Hotchk
resolution of Senate was concurred
The bill to permit unfortunate
who have had their property sold *»tt
outcry to redeem the same, was rejec
The bill to regulate the granting
tioraris and Injunctions,-amending
of December, 1811, was passed.
House of Representatives, 30th .No
morion to reconsider the Journal of
day, so faT as relates to the. passage c
bill altering the 3rd and 7th sections
constitution was lost. Yeas 43, nays ;
Bills introduced. By Mr. Smith ofRIjb.
To authorize the Governor to have JfcnAs
issued, and to pay the state subscription’for
stock owned by the state-in the Monr*e Rail
Road and Banking Company. . 1 j
By Mr. Thomas. To establish a Sri
preme Court for the Correction of Jrrorsin
law and equity in this State, and to regu
late the same in pursuance of theconstitu-
tion thereof.
By Mr. Crawford. For eqnitallc relief
against usurious contracts. Also! a bill to
amend the laws in relation to the selection
of Jurors.
By Mr. Wilcox. To alter the 3rd section
of the 4th article of the constitution, so’ as
to give the election of General Officers to the
people.
The bill to give persons employed on
Steam Boats and other Crafts on certain ri v
ers therein mentioned, a lien on said Jioats
or orofto for vvagqs. jjid provisions furotshefl
so as to include Savahnah'Kfver, Was ^paS
sed. ,vf
The resolution of Senate authorizing the
Treasurer to employ some suitable person
to attend the sheriffs sale of property levied
on for Bank Taxes, &c. was concurred in
by the House.
Milledgeville, Dec. 4,1S42.
In Senate, Dec. 2. Mr. Miller offered a
bill for the relief of the Mechanics Bank, and
the President, Directors and Company of the
Bank of Augusta.
Mr. Miller also offered a resolution, re
questing His Excellency the Governor to
inform the Senate, whether any and which
of the judges have complied with the pro
visions of the act of the Inst general assem
bly in relation to the publication of their de
cisions, to what extent they have complied
and when any publication will probably be
made. Adopted. . —
wear x/cSw-TPy
GENERAL INTELLIGENCE.
Ibre the 1st day of July, and leave the price | fi| ths of the people of color, shall have two
of the same, and the grant or grants cannot be ! representatives; and the said apportionment
prepared in lime, that the proper officers be, : shal1 ,iC made b y the General Assembly at
and they are hereby required to issue grants ; the session at which this section shall be
ns of the date of tiie application. adopted as an alteration of the constitution,
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted by the by an act to be introduce^ after the adoption
authority aforesaid, That said ungranted thereof; and a new apportionment shall be
land shall be exposed to sale, at public out- mrule session next after each future
. ciy, before the court house door in the sev
eral COUUtlCS wnere salu Linda oro aiuiato,
by one or more commissioners to be appoin
ted by the Executive, who shall give bond,
with good and sufficient security, to the
Governor and his successors in office, in a
sum not less than double the amount of the
•rrant fees accruing to the state, from the
number of ungranted lots in the county or
counties in which he may be a commissioner.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted by the
authority aforesaid, That said commissioner
or commissioners shall advertise the times
aud places of said sale in such public ga-
* zettes as may be designated by the Execu
tive: That said commissioners shall offer
said lands for sale at the minimum price
now established by law, to the highest bid
der, and keep a book or books, in which
shall be registered the ungranted lots and
the names of the highest bidders with the
amount ol their bids; and upon payment
of the money, he or they shall give a certifi-
. cate of the payment, to the purchaser, set-
umouni of the bid ; which said certificate
shall be sufficient authority for a grant to
issue to the purchaser, except in the case
herein before provided; and if payment’is
not made on the day of sale, the lot may be
resold, which fact shall be noted in the com
missioners register, and also in the certifi-
caie given to the second purchaser.
Sec. 5. And be it enacted by the authori
ty aforesaid, That said commissioners shall
make a return of their proceedings under
tho provisions of this act, and pay over to
the Treasury the amount of money collec
ted by them, on or before the first Monday
of November, 1843. And the Governor
shall issue his warrant on the Treasurer.in
favor of said 'commissioners for such a-
inounts as lie may deem proper aud just for
the time they were employed, and the res
ponsibility imposed upon them.
Sec. 6. And be it further enacted by the
authority aforesaid, That all lots of land
ungranted after the first Monday in Novem
ber, 1843. may be granted by any person
paying into the Treasury the grant fees, ex
cept those drawn by orphans; and in all
such cases, the persons granting such lands
shall file the affidavits of two or more res
ponsible witnesses, that the orphans? privi
lege has expired.
Sec. 7. And be it further enacted by the
authority aforesaid, That from and imme
diately after the passage of this act, any per
son applying to take out any grant in the
above described counties, shall take an oath
that he is the proper owner of said lot or
the lawful agent of the owner thereof; and
shall produce a power of attorney from the
owner of said lot properly attested: Provi
ded, That any judgement creditor may take
out such grant upon making and filjug his
or her affidavit, that he or she is a judg
ment creditor of the drawer, and applies for
the grant for the purpose of selling the said
Jot, under his or her execution.
Sec. 8. And be it further enacted by the
authority aforesaid, -That the proceeds aris
ing from the sale or grants of said landslmll
be applied to the redemption of tho bills of
the Central Bank exclusively,
c Sec. 9. And be it further enacted by the
authority aforesaid, That it shall be the du
ty of the Governor to cause the publication
o&bil>1<riv> imrfwdttrtely after its passage, in
il&Wiiwe of tfig |>»per« in Milledgeville,
enumeration of the inhabitants ot this State,
nr*<if»r oonstitiuinn and laws .thereat, but
at no other lime.” The vote was yeas 127,
nays 45.
The House then proceeded to the other
special order, to wit: The bill to define the
business of Brokerage, and require Brokers
to take out license, <fcc.
Mr. Toombs moved to lay the bill on the
table for the balance of the session. On
this motion some debate was had: Mr.
Crawford of your city and others participa
ting in it. The motion was lost, yeas 61,
nays 110. On motion of the Hon. Speaker
the bill was passed over for the present.
On motion of Mr. Guerry, the memorial
of YVm. H. Hotchk iss of Seri ven, was taken
up and read, and the resolutions of the Sen
ate concurred in, relating to the collating
and digesting the public Acts of the General
Assembly in four parts.
Milledgeville, Dec. 1,1842.
In the Senate, 29lh Nov. The bill to re-
I— ————...wroiniy. me vtHliill tSnnK,
and all subsequent acts amendatory thereto,
being the special order, was on motion of
Mr. Stephens made tire special order for
Monday next.
The bill of the House (another special
order,) to amend an act to compel the sever
al Banks of this state to redeem their liabili
ties in specie, and to provide a forfeiture for
such as may refuse, assented to, 18th Dec.,
1840; and an act for the relief ot certain
Banks which have suspended specie pay
ments against which judicial proceedings
have been instituted for the forfeiture of their
charters, assented to 19th Dec. 1841 ; was,
on motion of Mr. Stocks, taken up by sec
tions. After many amendments being pro
posed (some of which were adopted,) and
considerable discussion, the bill was finally
passed without taking the yeas and nays.
The following resolution inttoduced by
Mr. Kelly of Houston, was adopted : -
Resolved, By tho Senate aud House of
Representatives of the State of Georgia, in
General Assembly met, That the Treasurer
be and he is hereby authorized to employ
some suitable person to attend the Sheriffs
sale of property levied on by any execution
issued for any tax due by any Bank in this
State, to prevent loss to the State, by sacri
fices of such properly.
The Senate was occupied in committee
of the whole, in the consideration of the bill
introduced by Mr. Stocks, to wind tip aud
settle the affairs of nil the Banks or Banking
Institutions of this State, (Central Bank ex-
pected) as fail, neglect or refuse to redeem
their liabilities in specie. The committee
reported progress and asked leave to sit
again.
In House of Representatives, 29th Nov.
The special order being the Report on the
bill to alter and change the 3rd aud 7!th
section of the 3rd article of the constitution,
was*gone through with and agreed to. The
Bill was read the third time and passed by
yeas 126, nays 47. It was passed by a con
stitutional majority.
The Report on the bill to define the busi
ness of Brokerage. &c. was after some con
sideration and discussion passed over for the
present, after an ineffectual motion to lay it
the table for the balance of the session.
The bill to add certain persons of Golum-
bia*county to the county of Richmond, was
passed.
The House was engaged the greater part.of
the forenoon session of to-day"in the discus
sion of the bill to authorize and direct the
inferior and justices courts of the state to
appoint assessors to value the property ofde-
fendants in execution, and to provide for the
sale of the same in lots or parcels to the
highest bidder, subject to the claims of the
older executions to the extent of two-thirds
of the value of said property, or the extent
of their bids; and to encourage the sale of
property under execution by "giving premi
ums to executors bidding most for the same,
and for other purposes. The bill was laid
upon the table for the balance of the session.
The House then adjourned until 3 o’clock.
P. M.
The afternoon session was devoted to the
rending of bills generally the second time.
In Senate, Dec. 3. The Senate has been
o«8“«eil >n thft consideration, QCthaJjiiLV
wind up the affairs of the hanks wno^Tail to
pay specie for their liabilities, (sec Mr.
Stocks’ bill which 1 think 1 sent y<W,) du
ring the greater part of the day, the bill 1
understand has undergone many rmend-
ments, and finally passed without a division.
A very spirited aud animated debase arose
upon the adoption of a resolution offered by
Mr. Carter, of Wilkes, requesting his Excel
lency the Governor to set apart the first Fri
day in May next as a day of fasting, huiril-
ation and prayer, in view of the tnanifod
and prolonged calamities under which oir
country has suffered. Messrs. McDougald,
Arnold, Stephens and others participate!.
1 only witnessed the close of the dubati;
but 1 discovered enough to convince ne
that there was evidently a finesse on tie
part of the advocates of the resolution ii-
tended. r
In House of Representatives, Dee. 3—
Tiie House on motion of Mr. Barclay,myieed
to reconsider ms bill (commonly called the
relief bill,) which was laid on the tihle yes
terday, and on his motion the suite was
made the special order of the day lor Wed
nesday next.
Mr. Walker, chairman of the committee
on t.he stale of the republic, to whom was
referred that portion of the Governors mes
sage relative to the tariff and land distribu
tion acts, made a report and 210 copies sr-
dered to be printed, and it was made t*te
special order for Thursday next. £ i
The bill of the House Ho compel the s«r-
eral banks of this state to redeem their la
bilities in specie, &,c. &c., was returned fretn
the senate with a number of amendment;
all of which were concurred in save one
The bills providing for the organizaton
of two new counties, one out ol Stewart’uid
Lumpkin, and the other from the counties
of Cobb and DeKalb and others wettflost.
BILLS INTRODUCED, i'/
Mr. Sanford of Habersham, introduced a
bill to amend the 3d section of the 2dbrtic!e
of the Constitution of this state, so as to
leave out the property qualification for the
office of Governor. Also, a hill to provide
for the payment of the interest upon the
public debt.
By M r. Hard age. A bill to repeal the
4th section of an act to amend an act estab
lishing the Central Bank of Georgia, to ex
tend the charter thereof, increase the capital
stock, &c. to require officers of said Bank in
all suits hereafter to be commenced for the
recovery of debts due said bank, to employ
counsel in the county where the defendants
reside, in all cases where competent counsel
can be had ; also to prevent said'bank from
malting any other loans of any description,
and to require said bank to coilect,all money
due said bank on certain conditions.
By Mr. Toombs., A bill to
ritv ships in this state.
The bill of the House to legalize theOpen-
ing ot Books for subscription of Capital
Stock in the Union, Lumpkin, and Rabtsr-
-sham Turnpike Company, was returned
from the Senate with amendments. The
House concurred in the amendments.
Bill Passed.—To protect private bory-
ing grounds from injury and destruction.
Much speaking maybe expected duringthe
week, as some matter will come up well cal
culated to elicit the ftower oC the learned
doctors irf the science df legislation*!^?
From the N. Q. Picayune.
Latest from Texas.
The steamship Neptune, Capt. Rollins, ar
rived from Galvestonrinst evening. To tlfe
officers we are indebted for full files of Tex
an papers—those from Galveston to the
26th iust., and from Houston to the 25th.
No’business had been done by the Legis
lature at Washington up to the 16th instant
—-a quorum of members to either house not
-having arrived. , •
The late accounts .from the West-are
somewhat contradictory. By some the army
is represented to be cheerful and ready to
march ; others say that many are disposed
to return home, on account of the lateness
of the season. They are about fifteen hun
dred strong, and are encamped at Medina,
some twenty miles beyond San Antomo.—
There is a plentiful supply of beef and corn
in the camp. Much aid is anticipated from
the Ganianches and Apaches, in case of an
invasion of Mexico, should the treaties which
are now in progress with these tribes be sat
isfactorily concluded. Flac.o, a wnrrior of
the Lipau tribe, with about seventy warri
ors, is now with the army at the West
From information to which the editor of
the Galveston Times has had access, he is
of opinion that the diplomatic intervention
of both the United States government and
that of England will prove unavailing in
bringing Moztrco to terms of poacc with
Texas. ' ' ■>
The arrival of Gen. A. Sidney Johnson
has been hailed in Texas as an event cal
culated to inspire confidence.
The cotton crop in Eastern Texas is
abundant.
Gen. James P. Henderson killed Napoleon
B. Garner at San Augustine about two
weeks ago, by shooting him with a double-
barrel gnn. Gen. H., it is said, was entire
ly justifiable in the course which he pursued,
as Mr. Garner bad repeatedly threatened
his life ; and the day on which he was kill
ed stated to several persons that he intended
to kill him (Gen. H.) before night.
From the Griffin Jeffersonian, 25th ult.
On last evening, about six o’clock, onr cit
izens were alarmed by the cry of fire, which
was discovered to issue from tiie building
.occupied by Messrs. Clark <fc Carpenter as
a carriago shop cituutud uu tin, Nonh oivlo
vu nirrsireei) ai
♦
ATHENS, GEORGIA.
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1843.
Death of Hon. B. W. Habersham.
With unfeigned and poignant sorrow are we
called upon to announce the decease of one who
has long stood conspicuous among the ablest and
best citizens of our state. None of our public
men could have departed from us, around whom
clustered more of warm admiration,, unlimited
confidence and profound respect; and none more
deserved to be loved and cherished by his fellow
citizens. It has been the lot of few men, so long
in public life, to live as he has, above reproach,
and to escape the shafts of calumny to which all in
high stations are subject. But so stamped were
all his acts with high and noble purposes; so irre
proachable was his life ; so amiable was his dispo
sition, and so consistent his course, that while his
friends delighted in his political elevation, his op
ponents could not but feel that his success was no
calamity to them. He has gone, we would fain
hope, to reap the reward of a well spent and useful
life.
It will be the task of other peps to trace the his
tory of the deceased, and do justice to his distin
guished public services. We have not the materi
al at hand for this duty. We present, however, in
another column, a brief obituary, by one long and
intimately acquainted with him, to which for the
present VVG AVOUld icspectfully rofor our voarlprs.
tT ,, _ - Titr-mrn.jy opposite -the City
Mall, Great exertions were made, by our
citizens, to stop the further progress of the
fire, hnt owing to the want of buckets and
fire-hooks—in the absence of an engine—all
attempts to save the shop proved abortive.
Another attempt was made to arrest its pro
gress, by blowing up the building adjoining
the shop, but this expedient was resorted to
too late. From the shop, the flames were
soon communicated to the building, situated
on the corner of Broad and Hill streets, own
ed and occupied by P. O. Beall; and also ed 8 e > no where else to be found in such a cheap
to the Griffin Exchange, owned and OCCU- ; arui condensed form, they will not neglect
pied by W. W. Woodruff, where the fire was i —»—
arrested by blowing up Beall’s building,and j Georgia Penitentiary,
keeping a continued stream of wate° and I We lako P leasure «n transferring to our paper,
wet blankets applied to the roof and end 0 fi the annexed very liberal and just remarks, by the
the City Hall. The bnildinsr situated west! Editors of the Southern Recorder, upon the Peni-
ofthe fire, and occupied by Dr. Johnson as te ntiary and its energetic superintendant.
SOUmern tfuni.cn, m.. -1
Our advertising columns Contain a prospectus
for this work, to which wo would invite the read
er’s attention. All are acquainted with the high
character of the Southern Review published some
years since, and from the specimen of the present
work which we have had the pleasure of examin
ing, we think it equal in talent and interest to its
predecessor. The importance ofsustaining a work
of this kind, will be apparent to all who properly
appreciate the value of cultivating our intellectual
resources.
“The Family Companion.”
We are happy to greet the “ Companion” again
in a new and improved dress. The December
number,. being the first ol the third volume, is pe
culiarly attractive—superior in literary excellence
as well as in mechanical appearance, to any of its
predecessors. ‘ The price, too, is reduced—no small
buiioidovwtion in tiltbC llUIC5"“bcing n«/W OTliy
00 per annum.
Doct. Ure’s Dictionary.
This valuable “Dictionary of Arts, Manufac
tures and Mines,” lately in course of publication
by D. Appleton & Co. New-York, has just been
completed in 21 numbers. The publishers an
nounce that they are about to re-issue it in five
monthly parts, each part containing upwards of
300 pages, at $1 00 per number. Those who fail
ed to procure it at first can now have an opportuni
ty, which, if they desire a stock of useful knowl-
a Drug store, was also in imminent danger,
the renewed exertions at' the
citizens, was saved without any material
damage.
The loss is estimated at about eight thou
sand dollars. We understand that there
was no insurance upon any of the property
destroyed.
General Cass in the Field.
in the Harrisburg Signal, we find the tio
proceedings of a meeting of Democratic cit- n
lzens of Dauphin county iti Pennsylvania,
held at Harrisburg ou the 2Lst of this* month,
at which an address was adopted recom
mending Gen. Lewis Cass to the people of
the U. S. as a candidate for the Presidential
chair in the approaching election. The ad
dress gives a short account of the life and
public services of the candidate, and closes
by nominating him to the Presidency, sub
ject to the decision of a national convention.
It sums up the claims of Geueral Casa in
the following words:
“To the whole Democracy of the Union,
we would say, we present you a candidate^
against whose integrity even the voice of
calumny has never been raised. A candid
ate, whose splendid abilities we defy the ma
ligning influence of our unscrupulous adver
saries to impeach. A candidate, who re
ceived his Democracy directly from the lips
of Thomas Jefferson, and who, from that
hour down to the present, has never faltered
in his devotion io the principles of the foun
der of the Republican party, who, although
for many years moving in a sphere which
prevented him from engaging in active poli
tics, has cherished the instruction he receiv
ed from that illustrious man as the most val
uable treasure he possessed. A candidate
who has rendered (he country distinguished
military services, and whose recent triumph
over the statesmen of the old world in de
fence of American honor and American in
terests, has united the fame of the civilian
with that of the soldier and patriot.”
At the meeting Hamilton Ahlricks presi
ded, and the following persons were also
officers of the meeting : .
Vice Presidents—Col. John Roberts, John
Shnmmo, Esq., Joseph Gray, Esquire, G. S.
Kemble, Esq., H. McKinney, Esq., Samuel
Holman, Esq. . *
Secretaries—F. K. Boas, Col. C. S. Ken-
dig, G. W. Simmons, Oliver Bellman.
Painting Houses.
It has long been a subject of inquiry
as to the best time to apply paint to the clap
boards of houses, for durability. Repeated
experiments have been made within twenty-
five years, which have resulted in the con
viction that paint applied between, Novem
ber and March, will stand more than twice
as long as that which is spread in the war
mest weather. .The reason is obvious; for
ln-cold weather, ; the oil and the component
parts of tile paint form a bard substance on
the surface of the clapboards, nearly os hard
as glass, and not easily erased, or even cut
with a sharp knife, and will not soon wear
off; whereus, paints applied in the months
of July and August, and more especially it
in a severe drought, the oil immediately pen
etrates into the wood, like water into a
sponge, leaving the lead nearly dry, which
will soqn wear off
* '-The amount of ^Treasury Notes outstanding on the
IsiiilBtttht, was it'is officially stated, f*9 1 t>79,S94 51.
The An
nual Report alluded to we have not seen ; but we
cau bear testimony to all that is said relative to the
mwisgcnnut ut n.. t , l oycui ?? ..w.
introduced by Gen. Nelson in the manner of carrv-
ing on the work ; the perfect system and method
which he has adopted ; the cleanliness and order
every where apparent; and the strict discipline
which is rigidly enforced, have made it an Institu
tion of very little expense to the State, and a place
where punishment may conduce to moral reforma-
YVe are gratified to see that the General ex
torts praise even from his opponents, and we hope
the State may long have the benefit of his valuable
services.
, “ YV e have read with much interest tire able Re
port oi the Principal Keeper ol the Penitentiary',
recently made to the Legislature. The general
tiews of this officer, are characterized’by a tho
rough knowledge of his subject, aud by a large
fund of practical good sense applied to it. It is for
the Legislature to give to the suggestions of the
Report, the consideration they merit, and-to apply
the o' servations of tins excellent officer, in perfect
ing the system of this mode of punishment. Tiie
fii. tbtt nr-..-. r f Oiir —.1
umns, but we shall at another time, either publish
it entire for. the gratification of our readers, or make
such extracts as may strike us most forcibly, and
exhibit the improvements indicated by the Report.
Y\ e cannot but think that this subject does not
receive that attention at the hands of the Legisla
ture which its 'importance demands. Let it only
for a moment be remembered, that in its efficiency
is involved the vital consideration, whether our so
ciety is to be a peaceful one, where the rights of
person and property are to be observed, or a law-
less one, where both are disregarded and insecure.
This is our only mode of punishment for crime,
with a very few exceptions, and upon the fact of
whether this punishment is adequate or not, for the
prevention ot crime, in a great measure depends
the peace and safety of society. Surely, then, of
all others, this is the most important subject which
should arrest the attention of the Legislature, and
engage all their sagacity for its perfection, and we
need hardly add in conclusion, that but a meagre
portion of that attention is directed to it. This is
wrong.
YVe seize the occasion to acd our testimony to
that of all others who have taken the pains to look in
to the conduct of this institution, to the fidelity, ca
pacity and energy of the Principal Keeper. Who
ever looks within the walls of the Penitentiary, will
be struck with the order, regularity, and perfect fit
ness ol every' thing he sees. Especially will he
be struck with the perfect cleanliness and neatness
of all around him. Indeed we ’earn from the high
est authority on this matter, for it teas a lady, and
one too who. had examined' the much boasted
northern institutions of a similar character, that in
this particular, our institution stood first of all.—
•Ye have in conclusion, much satisfaction in the
expression of bur entire conviction, that General
Nelson has made, and yvill continue to make, the
Penitentiary of Georgia, efficient for all its intend
ed purposes ; that is to say, as much so as our leg
islature will allow him to make it. If they design
it for Ihe punishment ot crime and the security of
society, they have the very man to carry out their
object.”
Life of President Tyler.-
On our first page will be found a well written ar
ticle from the Democratic Review, detailing some
of the most prominent events in the life of our
present Chief Magistrate. The . subject of the ar
ticle occupies no small share of. public attention,
and any thing elucidating the causes of his present
position, or referring to his past history, will be
read with attention. Perhaps no statesman was ev
er placed in a situation of greater trial, or had more
temptations to turn aside from the well settled con
victions of his understanding, than has been John
Tyler since his accession to the Presidential chair,
and few, if any, when the struggle came, ever met
it with more boldness,- firmness, and honesty of
purpose: The'Democracy of the country owe him
much for the noble sacrifi. e he stood ready to make
of himself, in order to preserve the Constitution.—
They are indebted to him for crushing Wet
forever, the establishment of a mammoth bT
aud for the determination which he evinces to*!/
minister the Government upon Jeffersonian uri •
pies. That the Whigs “caught a Tartar,” wIT'
they elected him to office, they have already d °
covered ; but they have no reason to complain ('
they knew his principles, and their leaders had °*
surances, which they refused to make public, it'
he intended to adhere to those principles. Rg **
candid with them, but they deceived the peol**
and now that he will not sanction the deception T
becoming false to his principles, they hesitate n 1
to denounce him as a traitor. not
The more the conduct of President Tjler i s
vestigated, the more apparent does it become th!
he has acted from conscientious motives; and how
ever small may be his party now, he need not k'
but a large majority of the American people
ere long do him justice, if his administration fo
the future should justify the expectations of th
who constitute that majority. His late allies ^
supporters may underrate his abilities, may slander
his character and deride his measures—it wiU ^
of no avail while he pursues the course he has ta
ken. That his talents are of a high order, is shown
not only by his previous history, but by his mes'
sages to Congress, and his official act-i generally
and his reputation, though subjected to the most
malignant attacks, remains unsullied.
Claiming to be no partizan of the President wo
have always been ready to do him justice;’and
now that he is proscribed by those who placed him
in power, because he would not swerve from hi,
imegmj, nenus awaneinru a iecimg aymptuu]
and kindness in the breasts of his late opponents,
which many of Oiem are ready to acknowledge.—
YVe are of that number, and are ready to contribute
our aid in upholding and defending him, at least,
until we see some reason to 6uspect him of an
abandonment of Jeffersonian Republicanism.
Mr. Vnn Daren.
We take pleasure in transferring to our columns
the annexed very explicit and interesting Jetier
from Martin Van Buren, defining his position rela
tive to a candidacy for the next Presidency. As will
be seen by the date it bears, it was written a year
ago, in reply to one from Mr. Horn from Philadel
phia, and is now published at the request of a num
ber of citizens of that city, to correct any erroneous
impression which may be upon the public mind.
It will gratify the numerous friends of our distin
guished ex-Presidcnt, to know that he is ready to
obey their call, and if nominated in a proper man
ner, will as cheerfully acquiesce in the selection,
as he will aid in the elevation of any other, if
another shoufd he designated for the office. Se
far as he is concerned, the utmost harmony of fee
ling and of action will be preserved.
Kinderiiook, November 26, 1841.
My Dear Sir: 1 have received your friendly fet
ter, and do most sincerely reciprocate your con
gratulations on the subject of the recent elec
tions. The results, great and gratifying as thcr
certainly are, do, nevertheless, not exceed what
those who place a just confidence in the peo-.le
of this country had a right to expect, accelera
ted, it is true, in point of time, by a natural and
strong desire to wipe off the temporary stioma
affixed to their character by the apparent success of
last year s buffoonery.
Your observations in regard to the Presidency
are of the same friendly and disinterested charac
ter, by which your whole political intercourse with
me has been distinguished. There is nothing per
sonal to myself, in respect to which I am more
anxious than to be distinctly understood upon all
points by my political friends ; and this I endeav
ored to accomplish upon the paiticular point to
,e . tler IO ‘lie Missouri Lcg-
to that document, but am quite sure thatWhat 1 am
about to say will not vary much from the substance
ol it. No one can be more deeply sensible than I
am how far the honors and lavors which have, from
time to time, been conferred upon me by my politi
cal friends, have already exceeded my deserts;
and nothing can be more certain than the satisfac
tion and cordiality with which I will, if then alive,
be found to acquiesce in the selection they may
make of their next candidate for the Presidency.
In making their choice, considerations of mere
personal favor will, I uust, as I am sure they ought,
be entirely laid out of view, and that individual ta-
ken whose selection shall, under all circumstances,
be deemed most likely to ensure success to the
principles of the Democratic party. That is the
great end to be accomplished, and to reach it all
subordinate considerations must be disregarded.—
I hat I lost my election in consequence of my ef
forts to sustain these principles according to my
understanding of them, will scarcely be denied at
this day, by any one, whether a political friend or
opponent. It is, nevertheless, with unfeigned sin
cerity that I assure you that, so far from putting
k ‘u 31 defoat as a ground of present favor, 1
look back upon my course in the performance of
the dunes of that period—duties which seemed to
me alike plain and imperative—with feelings an!
recollections which, regardless of the personal con
sequences that ensued, afford me more real satis
faction than I have derived from any of the pre
vious events of my political life, diversified and in-
teresting as they are known to have been.
vv hi 1st such are the lights in which the subject is
regarded by me, and whilst I shall most assuredly
never take a single step with a view to be made a
candidate, I have, at the same time, not said what
you inform me some have understood me to say-
atlwooldcdme the performance of any pub-
Itn tbe ®* e ®“ u <> n of which the people of the
S r Sh ° uld th,nk fit to call me, and which
shall not be inconsistent with the station I have
already held through their favor.
" reg . ar f t0 lh ® proper time for action in this
matter, 1 do not know that l can add anything to
what was expressed in my Missouri letter ^or
adlaniT rf eaSOn *? lhe onions therein
fvl, n 1 may ’ 1 lhink * 1x5 safely assumed,
that the Democracy of the nation will name 1«
candidate for this high office in abundant season
for the next election ; and that, too, in a manner
boat calculated to nrec footings secure the
harmony, and cement the strength of that great and
patriotic party. Endeavors to forestall their action,
of the character you refer to, may, indeed, be
made; but they should not be permitted to dis-
rourage those who desire a fair and full expression
of the popular will; for if experience has made
anything clear in our politics, it is the certainty
with which' personal or premature efforts in that
direction will be discountenanced," and ultimately
discomfited, by the Democracy.
The Presidency, above all others, seems to be a
place which they determine shall wait their free
will offering, and in respect to which they will
neither allow themselves to be assailed by person
al importunities, nor permit, their selection to be
hastened or impeded by ex-parte arrangements.
When the proper period for making choice of a
candidate shall, in their judgement, have arrived,
they will do so; and be assured, my dear sir, that
those (if any such there be) who, unwilling to wait
their movements, are found to have made them
selves busy in promoting personal aspirations, how-
ever elevated their position in other respects,. will
be least likely to be mado the depositary of .,confi-
deuce and favor. _ Such has ever beep the action
of the Democratic mind; and, by the uniformity of
its adoption in respect fo one of the most important
of the subjects submitted to their supervision, the
people of the United State have,added to the many
proofs they have given of their capacity for self-
government.
I am, dear sir, very respectfully,
. Your friend and obedient servant,
u __ M. VAN BUREN.
Henry Horn, Esq.
The Legislature of South Carolina convened on
Monday the 28th instant. Hon. Angus Patterson
was elected President, and YV. E. Martin, Cisrk of
the Senate; VV. F. Qojcpck, Speaker of the
House, aud'Thomas'W. Gldvci, .Clerk.