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BY ALBON CHASE. ATHENS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1844 GOVERNMENT OF GEORGIA. EXECCTIYE DEPARTMENT. service expires, Nov. 1845, salary ©3.000 <•"' - - “ .1.000 ■Ht VOL. XII—NO. 48. POLITICAL. From //.« Clui t ies togs McrcHttf. _■ Room op the Cbntraj; Committer, * 'f J«nunry3, 1S44.) imptroller General, j“. M COMP TON, of Butts, Surveyor General, .!!)■! \ s. THOMAS, of Baldwin, Director of the Cer.lral Bank. \S!)KI{SON 4V. REDDING, of Harris, Principal Keeper oft! MTS HR HAMMOND, of Baldwin. Inspector of Penitentiary. !>,. !. THOMAS F. GREEN,-of Baldwin, Physician of the l.ooo To the Editors of the Merettry- 1.600 1,000 Jl We inclose to yon for publication n letter to ns and an address front the lion. John the Penitentiary. C. Calhoun to Ills friends and supporters, giving* his reasons for withholding his HI II. CAMPBELL, of Baldwin. ra..„,. mime ns a candidate for the Presidency, trotn tho Convention which is to assemble ’ in Baltimore oti the 4th Monday in May next. In placHijr this document iii your-hands for publication, it is proper to state, that al though transmitted to this Committee, to be REPRESENTATION OF GEORGIA IN CONGRESS. through them Submitted to the public, Hie SEN \TOR.r>—John Macphcrson Berrien and Water T. Colquitt. °. m!,U ^ 1 ,ts members prevented iHh'lt!'.SEN TATI YES—Edward J. Black, Absalom II. Chappell. Duncan L. Clinch, Howell Cobb,! •*» ,,SSemll,, l r '~ of until this day, ,-ii A II ira'.son, John II. Lumpkin. Alexander II. Stephens, and William II. Stiles. ! when its publication was directed in aecor- Tue-c oil'll! representatives were elected by general ticket. The next election for representatives is dance with the wishes of Mr. Ctilhotin. !..• IrcM by flisirieis. which have been organized as follows : .1 *■ 11. CAMPBELL, of Baldwin, Commissioner of the Deaf and Dumb. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. ' CII ARLE.'k DOLGHERTA . of Clark, President of the Senate. "• r *' • HARDEMAN, of Oglethorpe, Secretary-of the Senate. CJiAniihJi J* JLNKINS. of Richmond, Speaker of ilio House. FERRELL, of Troup. Clerk of the House. m?. the Constitution, The principle oit which it was finally effected was, that,.while dtj^conccssion should be made to popula te A. provision should bA«b made, m some form, to preserve scheme more perfectly calculated to aunihi- fotp tJi^Coiitrqf ollhe people over the I’resi- dcntial election, and in those who and who live, or cx- ‘pect to livp oh the uoyernmeiit. In tins coruiectiotj, J olyect not less strong* ly to the mode in which. Virgiuia has re- solved her delegates shall vow, With all due respect. 1 must say, l.cap imajrine noth ing more directly in conflict with the prin ciples of our federal system oT govgrmnentj or to use a broader expression, the princi ples on which aji confederated communities have ever been united. I hazard nothing in saying, that there is not. an instance in oiif political history) from the meeting: of the first Revolutionary Congress to the pres ent day, of the delegates of any State voting by majoi ity, and counting per capita ; nor | big a failure at last.. It would have lieen an Itir le?s 6oj than a Convention constim- ted ps is proposed. The former indeed had many things to recommend it. lt s mem bers consisting of Senators and Representn- iu sow- hirm, to preserve the "original lives, were the immediate organs of the State equality of Hie States in every department Legislatures, or the people; were n-spopsi- of the Government. The principle was easily carried.opt in constituting the legis lative department, by preserving the equali- ty of the States in one branch, (the Senate,) and conceding to population its luji prepon derance in the other. But the great and difficult task of reducing it to practice was, in the Executive'Department, at the head of wbic!i there is but a single officer. So great was.it, that it occupied the'attention of the Cpfivcntjon. from lime to lime;during the whole session, and was very near cans? l-'irs! District.—Camden, McIntosh. Chatham. M.iiUii'imory, Ware. Lowndes. Glvnn. Liberty, Ef- liii'jli >ui. Tattnall. Laurens, Telfair. Wayne, Bry- Bulloch. Appling, Emanuel, Thomas. .s, nun/ District.—Houston. Baker. Stewart. Mus- .•ocee. lrw in. Decatur. Tate, Sumter, Marion, Pulas ki. Early. Randolph, Dooly, Macon. ll.irJ District—Harris, 'Twiggs, Bibb, Talbot, I , Min. I’ikc, Crawford, Monroe. I'liint’i District.—Troop, Coweta, Carroll, Meri- wrilter, Fayette, Henry, Heard, Campbell, Newton. ‘ Scrivcn, Hancock. JTD1CIART DEPARTMENT. i-;; \ liT.E ' S. HENRY, of Chatham. Judge of die Eastern Circuit, iOllN SlIT'Y. of Richmond. -Judge of the Middle Circuit, ... i; \R NETT ANDREWS, of Wilkes, Judge of the Northern C'ireiiit, - II MTS HILLYER, of Clirk, Judge-of tlie Western Circuit. - i’ll\NClS II. CONE, of Greene. Judea of die Ocmulgec Circuit, - i \i!l,T*lN B. COLE, of Twiggs, Judge of the Southern Circuit, EDWARD D. TRACY, of Bibb. JAtdee of the Flint Circuit, - JO-K1M1 STI’RGIS, of Muscogee, Judge of die Chattahoochee Circuit, - vr.H'sTI-S It. WRIGHT, of Cass. Judge of the-Cherokee Circuit, - V. 11.1.1 AM E/7. A III), of Delvilb, Judge of the Coweta Circuit. V. il.l.lXM TAYI.Olt, of "Early. Judge of the Snntb-wcaterh Circuit, - - Uj-’ Lott Warren has been elected Judge of the South-western circuit, and E r :a Circuit, for die term of four years after November, 1841. Fort Hiu. Dhc. 21; 1843. Gentlemen— 1 herewith enclose you, as the organ of those who have nominated me ty.the right of impressing flic'.vote of the | rt f?n single officer, Was quite n different af- njitiority inio its service, and comping them j fo* r • hut however difficult, it had to be per ns its own. The pd.uii .rule, that which liasformed at the hazard of losing the Constitu- s ever prevailed, and winch, cor.forms to the j bon.', V . 1 ' ' - - - 5 j dictates of commoti sense, is, .that where a-j f It was finally accomplished, by.giving to Fifth District.—Dade, Floyd, Murray, Cobb, For syth, Walker, Cass, Gilmer, DcKalb, Chattooga, Paulding, Cherokee, Gwinnett. Sixth District.—Union, Rabun, Jackson, Clark, Lumpkin, Franklin, Madison, Walton, Habersham, j for the Presidency in this Stole, subject to Hall, Elbert. ‘ a Convention fairly constituted, an Address Screnth District. Morgan, Putnam. Jones;Ogle-: m y political friends nPd supporters, ns-iq, . 0 , Q , ,* d.orpc, (irecnc, Jasper, Baldwin, iahaferro, Bulls, sif r ni ,,,; reasons f or not permitting my ! b,a,evo,es ? 8 a b,! ' ,rt n majority of Us j Hie larger States nearly the same preponde- Wffhth''Dislrict:—Wilkes, Richmond, Jeflerson, | l1aniR 2° before Ihe proposed Convention j ^mv 'or 'll-ne 'I'aroe'nr vn-i'p 7 On Washington, Lincoln, Burke, Warren, Columbia to l.e held in Bullimore in May next. 1 ", ? ’ '> R ^ta o large or small. On transmit it to you. because I deem if respect-1 ‘^ contrary, where the votes of f1 I the d«l- Ail and proper to make it known to those to ! e ?J eS * re Ul ^ r vo \ e . ‘“'^’‘dually - - salary $1,800 ' whom it is addressed, through you, and in and *»deper ? drnt!y r each for himself count- l.wio order to afford you an opportunity to take l.snn : such measures in relation to it, as you may .son deein p r0 pcr, if indeed, yon should deem . . , r • c l’flnn! «»y necessary. All 1 have to request is.! R U-C°uipacl, to which toe consent of each L8oo that its publication should riot tie tinneces- - ta,e 13 rc< BUr<?d. In the absence of com- ranee in the electoral college, ns they have in tlie Ilonse, and to-tlie smaller, hi the e- vent of a choice by the.>Housc, the same equality they possess in the Senate; thus following ctoseiy the analogy of the Legis lative Department. To make it as close'as possible, it was at first proposed to give the confederated States, it is in all cases founded j eventual choice to tlie. Senate, instead of the House, but it was altered and the present provision adopted, for reasons which did not mg one. And it is to he noted, that wher ever this latter mode of voting exists among “ 1,800 snrily delayed. “ - 1.800 | Willi great respect, I am. etc. &e. _ ' “ JJJJj (Signed) J. C. CALHOUN. Ilill, Judge of tlie | H°n- Jacob Bond I On, ntliur infitihur'i nf llm j pact the ■invariable mndti.of-vuiiiiy in such affect tlie principle. j States is in all cases by the majority, tlieiri It was believed by the framers, the prac- ! vote counting one. 'Hie course which Virgin-! tical operation of the. provision would he jhas resolved to take is hi violation of tins ! that the electoral college in which the mflii- : plain and fundainoutal rule, njjd if it^hoiild : once of tlie larger States preponderates, .1 t,;\ .1 Fi.oensov, AlTy. Gen. for Middle Circuit. \V 1* White, Sol. Gen. Eastern Circuit. I. .1. G Anrnv.Li., *• Northern Circuit. .! \\ . rxncnwoon, “ Western Circuit. .1 M. Asiu’rst, “ Oi-mnlgeo Circuit. j> j-,. |,ove, “ Southern Circuit. SUPERIOR COURTS. HASTKKX CIBCriT. t- .•-, <ru. -2d Monday in January and May. U ,:;,irb. till Monday in March and Septflmlter. i'. li-i-.’ham, on the 'Thursday after the 4th Monday i,. \| tr>-h. end Friday after 1st Monti, in Nov; A. S. WixnpiF.i.n, Sol. Gen. Flint Circuit. Mii.tos Wim.iams, “ ' Chattahooehec Ct. RieiiAnu Jones, “ Cherokee Circuit. Noei. I). Knight, “ Coweln Circuit. W. J. 1’attsbsox, “ Soutliwesiern Ct. \V Wayne, Camden, Glynn, McIntosh, INFERIOR COURTS EASTERN CIRCVIT. -Last-Monday in December .mi-lcn 2d Monday in April and 4th Monday in! j) r - nn • Niiwn ter. Liberty, tvne.on Tbnrsdav after 1st Monday in April, and u,aw'i, 3d Monday in November. ; EmilR |,’ ra> 2 d April; and Monday alter die Chatham, 3d i-emberl 1st 2d 3d 4 th 2d 1st tiler iIip 3d Monday in November. I Hi n-i. 3d Monday in lih Motvlav in Nov M-liitosli, -1i!i Monday in April and Monday after i w I nnrl in t »lvnn. ,, .. 1,,. r :v. Monday thereafter, and Monday after I W as ‘> ngt n.Itli ■ ■■■■lit in McIntosh. | Montgom’y 1st iftcr court in • Taitnall, 2d i Emanuel, 1st j Scriven, 2d in January and Jipic. in in “ “ in February and July, in “ MIDDLE CIRCVIT. 4tU Monday in January and June. in “ . and July, in February and August. 3d lirvau. Friday thereafter and Friday a laberiv. MIDDLE CIRCUIT. | liiehaiond, 2.1 Monday in January and 1st in June. : Burke, 1st ('..ieuibi i, 2.1 Monday in March and September. Jefferson, M'iishinalon, 4lh Monday in March and September. M , ;tu.Mnerv, 2.1 Monday in April and October. T i-nail. T'liiirs'y after 2d Mond’y in April and Oct. K ii mucl. 3d Monday in April and October. S. iven. -HIi Monday in April and October. 1! h !;.\ 1st Monday in May and 3d in November. Jcilerson, 3d Monday in May and 2d in November. NORTHERN CIRCUIT. Wilkes, 3d Monday in February and 4th in July. Taliaferro. 1st Monday in March and September; M i.bson. 2d Monday in March and September. T. ibert. 3d Monday in March ami September. \V it.cn, 1st Monday in April and October. 11 incock, 2d Monday in April and October. «hl-:'m!-pe, 3d Monday in April and October. I. mcnhi, lib Monday in April and October. WESTERN CIRCUIT. <■; irk. •: 1 Monday in February and August. W ;i 1 Monday in February and August. .1 c ks vi. Itli Monday ill February and August, t; viimc'.i. 2.1 .Monday in Mareli and September. II, 11. 3 1 Monday in March and September. in January and July. should vote lor lll'IlliltlUL: ftcu JPresi- v nf t! q tlie canvass on shell principles and in such i dent, making otic allowances for Us relative-\ whole votes, then out of the live 'highest, i manner,-as you might think host. But, in ( party strength. By tlie election, 1 mean the ; the House Voting by States, should elect | so doing. I did not waive my right to deter-! wltole^iite eventual choice when it goes j one, and the person not elected, having the i mine on my individual responsibility, what | info Hie Ilonse of Representatives, as well highest number of votes, should he the Vice j course my duty might compel me to pur-j as the primary voie in the. electoral college.; President. It has l>ccn since altered, sothat j sue ultimately, nor have 1 been an inatten- j Tlie one is as much.n -part of the election : the electors should designate which should j live observer of the canvass and the course J as life other. The two make the whole, i he President, and which Vice President,and ! you have taken. j The adoption of the one, in tlie Cotir j tlie selection of the House was.Iimited to the j It affords me pleasure to be enabled to say, j volition, which framed the Constitution, three'highest. It is manifest, that if this ' that on all leading questions, growing out of j depended otj the adoption of the other.— j provision of the Constitution Jum been left J the canvass, l lienrtily concurred with you, j Neither could possibly lie adopted alone.— > to operate by itself, without the intervention I in the grounds yon took, ~nud "especially i 'Lire two were the result of compromise he-1 of caucusses, or party conventions between ting to the mode in which the del-jlwecn the jarger and smaller States, after Richmond, 1st “ in April and 3d iu Sept. NORTHERN CIRCUIT. Madison, 2d Monday in January and July, Elbert. 3d “ in in “ and June, in Fcl)ruarv anti July, in '* and August, in ■ Oglethorpe,4ih l.incoln, 1st Hancock, 1st Warren, 2d : Wilkes, 1st 1 Taliaferro, 1st WESTERN CIRCUIT. Franklin, 4th Monday in January and July. those relating the people and the election, that the prncti- egates to tlie proposed Convention to bej a long and doubtful struggle, which threat- j cal.operation would have been such I held iu Baltimore should be appointed, and eucd Hie loss of the .Constitution itself. The,] have slated, and such as was clearly inten- how they should vote. You have, in my j object of giyiijg to tho smaller States an'. ded by the framers of the Constitution, opinion, conclusively shown that tltey j eqtinlily, witli tlie larger, in tlie eventual. *1 he.object intended is important. Tito should be appointed by districts and vote choice by the House, was to counterpoise • preservation of the relative weight of the jjer capita, but your reasons, as conclusive ns ! the preponderance of the larger in the clec- j Slates, as established by the Constitution in they .are, have proved in vain. Already i ,oral college. Without this, the smaller ! all the departments, is necessary to^ tlie suc- New York and some other States have tip-1 would have voied against the provision, and ‘ cess and duration of onr system of Govern in' May, 4th in September, pointed delegates en masse by State Con- j i,s rejection would have been the conse- j mout ; but it may be doubted_ whether the in June and December. i veuttons, and one State (Virginia) lias re- ( qneucc. Even as it stands, Delaware voted j provision adopted to effect it in the Execu- « ‘solved that the votes of her delegates shall {against it. In confirmation to what 1 state, j tive Depnrtinei(l, is hot too refined for the ... , Jones, ,. T’lmrsJay after tlie Isi Monday in April j Jaspcrf : Rabun, 1st i Gwinnett, 2d I Jacks.ir., 1st | Clark. 4th : Ilal>orsb'm,2d Hall, 4th i Walton, 3d j OCMTLGKE CIRCUIT, Wilkinson, 2d Monday in July and January. in July and January, in June and December, in January and July, in April and October, in July and January, in “ **'•■' in May and November. strong, and I may add, corrupt passions, which the Presidential electjon will ever excite. Certain it is, that it the practice of i letebcr. II ihcrslmm. 2.1 Monday in April and October. T:.uiklin, 31 Monday in April and October. CltATTAllOOCHES CIRCUIT. M ,rion. Isi Monday in March and Septem’ocr. ii.2.1 Mon lav in March and .September. T.ilbot. 3d Monday in March and Sejrendwr. s-.-wart, tih Monday in April and.October. M till Monday in May mid November. CHEROKEE CIRCUIT. p.uildins. 1st Monday in February.and August, c \ss. 2 I Monday in February and August, c ;.. r .. ;ue, 31 Monday in February and August. K i.-ytb, till Monday in February and August, l.anijikin. 1st Monday in March and September. I' m .,n. 2 l,Monday iii March and September. (bb'.K-r, 3d Monday in March and September. Murray, ltl» Monday in March and September. W | Baldwin, ; Greene, (.Morgan, ! Tutuatii, ! Twiggs, i Lowndes, !‘Thomas, I rwrn, j Telfair, ] Laurens, : i’ulaski, I Appling, j Ware, ■ Bibb, 1 Houston. in January and July, in “ in June and Dcccntbcr. 4th •lilt 4th 2d 1st “ lit “ 3<J V in .*■ SOUTHERN CIRCUIT. 4th Mondav in January and July. 1st 1st 4th 1st 1st 3d 3d 4th he given by the majority and be counted 1 to Mr. Madison's report on the pfo- | per capita. Their course would necessnri- j cecdings of tite Convontion, ! ly overrule that, which you have so ably j Having stated what 1 mean !>v the vice- ... supported, sltouId you go into Convention tint), it will require but a few words^tocx-j* ,,;),l: < 1 *'ttirig randidates for the Presidency, and. would leave you no alternative, but to j plaiu my yield yours and adopt theirs, however much j laid do you may be opposed to it on principle, or to \ rest on me gronttu, mat mo nomination is j '■"-‘•J »..;ru...-u «• .ucrauiers ui i rnnor f er ,i v ,i ie narfv k« tfdUlEMM meet themon the most unequal terms,with di-1 in reality the. election, it concurred iu, ns j ^ ,c Constitution, and wotild be followed by ^ . *. . ^ vided,against united and concentrated forces, j far as the party is concerned. It is so in- t- a radical and dtittgerous change, not only in The question is then, what course under j tended to be. 'J'ltn leading reason assigned } ** ie Fxccutiye Department, but iu the Gov- sneb circumstances sboiil.l be adopted ]—[for making it, is to prevent a division of tliq ernme,lt °f hsclf. . - And that question, you will be compel led : parly, ana ttu-reby prevent tlie election rrotn | Thia dnn-cr - XMoscftn,. ami —to speedily to decide. Tlie noor approach of j going into the House, where the smaller avoid it, some of ili„e wisest and most expe- 'liter! on Tuesday after the 1st Monday in April. uid Octooer. H;p S o„, Tike, Tinyd till Monday in April and Del'dx-r. SOU-rilWKSTERN CIRCUIT. M lenn, 1st Monday in Ai>ril and October n llllllllph, 2d ** ** - .*) in February and August. “ In January and July* “ in January. 1st in July- “ in April, 2d in October. “ in June and December. in January and July. “ in June and December. “ in “ FLINT CtUCU.1T. 1st Monday in March and September. 4th “ in January and July. 2d & in “ “ in May and November, in “ “ in June and December. , win tcipiire mu u te\y wiiius in vx-| ............ .... .... ny reasons lor ilie principles 1 Jmve J hvLonvcntions coustitiited as the onepropos- nvn, rriit-v are few and simple, and ;*'d, shall become the established -.isage,it will i the ground, that tile nomination is j n, 'eriy defeat the intention of tlie framers ol . , - . . - ....I ' --r;WW ble to t Item respectively, and were "for the most part, nfliigh character, standing and talents. They voted per capita, and whal is very important, (In^ fcpfeScnted foirly the relative strength of the party in their res pective Stales. In all these important partic ulars, it was all that could be desired for a lio- rninating body,and formed a sinking contrast to the proposed Convention; and yet, it coukl not be (tttrnc by the people in the then purer days of the Republic. I, acting with Geff.- Jacksoh and most of the leaders ol the party at the time, contributed to put it down, be cause \vc believed it to be liable to be acted on and influenced by the patronage of tho Govcrimicnt— mi ol jcction far more appli cable to a Convention constituted ns the one proposed, than n Cougrcssionnl caucus. Fafj however, was it from my intention, itf aiding to put that down, to substitute in its flocc nlint 1 ic-nrd na nh llOiidrcd times more objectionable in every point of view. Indeed, if there must be an intermediate body between the people and the election* unknown to the Constitution, it may be well questioned whether n belted Ihan fhe old plan of a Congressional caucus can be devised. In taking the ground I have, in favor of maintaining the right secured to the small er Stares by the compromise of the ConstH tntion. 1 am actuated by no partisan feeling or desire to conciliate their good opiniOh.--- lf the rase was reversed, and the rights M the larger, instead of the smaller, were in vaded, I would, with equal readiness afttf firmness, stand up in therr defence, f am the partisan of neither one, nor the other] but simply a supporter of the Constitution] and what I believe to be just and fair. 1 regard the Constitution as the only nrk of safetj for nll ; and I believe that in defend- t' Uv ntu imutEDt tunj initv-tj- v.*r each and all-the greater, as well as the smaller—the States invading the rights of others, as well the States whose Tights urtf invaded. 1 have iaid down the. principle, on whic/t 1 rest the objection in question, with the lim itation, that the relati ve weight of the States should he maintained, making due allow ance for their relative party strength. The propriety of the limitation is so apparent, that but a few words in illustration, will be required. The Convention is a 'parly Con vention, and professedly intended to take the Sense of the party, which cannot be done fairly, if States having Imt little party strength, are put on ar. equality with those which have much. If that were done, the result might be, that n small portion’ of the party from States the Icastsound, politically, and which could give but little support in Congress, might select the candidate, and make tho President, against a majority ol the soundest, and or.Which the President and his administration would have id rely- I'or support. All this is clearly too Unfair and improper to be denied. There may be a gr. at difficulty in applying a remedy in a Convention, but l do not feel myself called upon to say how it can be done, or by what standard tlie relative party strength of the respective Slates should be determined ; perhaps tlie best would be-ftteir relative strength in Congress at the time. In laying down the principle, 1 added the limitation for the sake of accuracy, and to show how the time for meeting of the proposed Con- Monroe, Newton, Henry, 4 tit 1st 2<1 4th 4th rlv. in May and November “ irt June atnl December. tih I Duly, 2.1 •-'-miter. 3.1 4th Itjker, 1st Bvc.it ur, 2d “ . OCMULfSEF. CIRCUIT. ".nrjna. 1st Monday in March and September; * liven, 21 ** ** I’.iiii.iin, 3.1 " ‘ ILl-hvin, Ith “ “ , ‘ '.. AVilkiiisnn 1st “ in April and October. ■ _, ’ , 4 a> - « ■ - J.-vtes, 3*1 . Jasper, 1th “ v “ . ” SOUTHERN CIRCU1TI Lv.irctts, 1st Monday in Mat;ch and September. Twin's, 9d •» in April and October. !’• 1 tski, 31 “ * “ • ‘‘ . b-.vm.4tU “ " „ , . . „ Tcifair,'Thursday after the 4th Monday in April and October. , Timmas 4th Monday In May and November. _ L .wsules, Mond. after 4th Mond. iu May and Nov W.irc, Monday after Court in.Lowndes. A pitting, Thursday after Court in N\ are.. FLINT CIRCUIT. in Tanu.iry and July. CHEROKEE CIRCUIT. Paulding.3d Monday in May and November, ‘lass, 4th ** * n ** Jlierokcc.lst Forsyth, 4th l.imtpkin,3d Union, 4th- Jh’Uooga.lst Jilmer, 1st Murray, 3d Walker, 3d Flovd, 4th Dade, 1st 'rawford, 1st Monday in February and August, pson, 2d ’* . **. in March and September. 1 Pike, 3d Monroe, 1st Butts, 3d Newton, -1th Henry, 2d Houston, 4th Bibb, 1st in April anil October. in May and November, QOWETA CIRCUIT. Meriwether, 4th Monday in February and August Coweta, 1st Tavette, 2d DeKalb. 3d Cobb. 4th Campbell, 1st Carroll, 2d, Heard, 3d Troup, 40) in March and September. in April and October. in June ami Deccmlier. in May ami November, in June and December. States w in August ar.d February, in July and January. “■ in June and December. COWETA;CIRCUIT. .... Fayette, 3d Monday in January and June. Carroll, 3d P in January and July. Meriw*t, 4th “ in April and October, Troup, 3d “ in June and Jauuary. Coweta, 4th “ * in June and December. DeKalb, 2d “ in July and Janua ry. C’mpb'11^1 ** in June and December. Cobb, 3d “ in * “ Heard, 4th ** in May and November. SOUTHWESTERN circuit. Randolph, «d Monday in January and July _ ■ . . « 1. ; onrt Alii 4th “ in February and August. 2d “ in January and July. 4th “ in “ 1st “ in April and October. 4th “ in June and December. 1st *** in February and August. 3d “ in ** . CHATTAHOOCHEE CIRCUIT. Stewart, MU. Monday in January and July.. Marion, 3d ** . ia May and November. Muscogee,4th in January and July; Talbot? 3d “ in June and -December. Harris, 4th ,c in “ » r u l<c«, Early, Baker, Decatur, Dooly, Macon, Sumter, almanacs for 1844. 'TVHE Georgia and. Calolina Almanac. Elion's- ’ a - ~ . • ■* —site, and the Agriculturalists AU 4r -h-dozen or single, at manac for 18 t-f, for sale bf Htb r , the Book-Store. October -5, 1643. veil non will not admit of much longer de lay. But as your course may depend in some degree on that which I have decided lo take, I deem it due to the relation subsis ting between us, to make mine known lo yon without further delay. I then, after tho most careful and deliberate survey of the ground, have decided that I cannot per mit iny name to go before the proposed Con vention, constituted as it must now be. con sistently with the principles, which have ever guided my public conduct. My objec tions arc insuperable. As it must be con stituted. it is repugnant to all the principles, on which, in my,opinion, such a Conven tion should be formed. What those princi ples are, | shall now proceed briefly to state. [ hold then, with yon, that Uto Convention should be so constituted, as to utter fully and clearly the voice of the people, and not that of political, managers, or office holders and office seekers; and for that purpose, 1 hold it in indispensable, that the delegates should be appointed directly by the people, or to use the language of Gen. Jackson, should lie “fresh from the people.” 1 also hold, that the only possible mode to effect this is for tlie people to choose the delegates by districts, and that they should vote per capita. Every other mode, of appointing would be controlled by political machinery and place the appointments in th« hands of the few who work it. 1 object then, to the proposed Convention, because it will not.be constituted iu conformity with this funda mental article.of tlie Republican creed,— The delegates to it will lie appointed from some of the States, not by the people in dis tricts, hut, as has been stated, hy State Con- veutionsen masse, composed of delegates ap pointed in all cases, ns far aslant informed, by |punty, or district conventions, and in some cases, if not misinformed, these again composed of delegates appointed by stML smaller divisions, or tv few interested indi viduals. Instead then of being directly, of fresh from Ihe- people, theDelegntes to the Baltimore Convention will be the delegates of delegates; and of coarse removed, in aJL cases,* at least three if not ion r degrees from the people. At each .successive remove, the voice of the people will become less full and distinct, until at Inst it wiH be safaint .and iini&feetr as not i« be imdible. "•aphor, I hold it impossible to form a i mild have the advantage intended U ieticed statesmen of former dtiys, so strong- cured to them by the Constitution, ; ly objected to Congressional caucuses to to be se by being placed on an equality with the larger. Such being tlie intended object and .effect, nominate candidates for the Presidency, that they never could be induced to attend them; -among these it will be snlficieut lo name I uow submit to every candid mind, whetli-! Mr. Macon and Mr. Lowndes. Others, be er the Convention ought net to be so con-j lieiing that this provision of the Constitu- -stituted, as to compensate in the nomination jtioa was too refined for practice.,were solic- for the important advantage in the election, which.the s trial for Stales surrender by going into a Convention. Would it not be unfair —a palpable want of good faith and sub versive of Hie compromise of the Coustitu- Uon to withhold it 7 Or, if demanded, would it be sliort of on insult to refuse it V Can it be thou g! it j that the sinulk-r States are so debased'and absorbed in the party politics of the day> ns to permit themselves lo be thus indirectly stripped of a right, which their high, minded and patriotic an cestors held so dear, as even lo prefer the loss of the Constitution itself, rather than surrender.it. ? ...... - . •_ l object,-then, to the proposed Cnvention, in tljis connection, because it makes no com pensation to the smaller States for the sur render of this unquestionable and iuywirlanl eonstitutional right. Instead of that, its ad- {support of the party, but were objected to vqcates pefenijilorally and ti.digmiutly re-|by^i few, as.not being a fitH equivalent to (use any r aud treat with scorn every attempt the smaller States. The principle embraced itous to amend it, but without impairing the influence of the smaller States in the elec tion. Amoug these, 1 rank myself. With that object, resolutions were introduced, in 1823, iii the Senate by Col. Benton, and in tlie House by Mr. McDuffie, providing for districting the States, and fur referring the election-back to the people, in case there should be no choice, to elect one. from the two highest candidates. The principle which the amendment proposed, was to give a fair compensation to the smaller States for the surrender of their advantage iu the eveu null choice by the House, and at the same time to make the mode of electing the Pres ident more strictly in conformity with the principles of our popular institutions, and to.be less liable to corruption than the exist mg provision. They received tlie general to secure it. Some have eveq-gon© so lar, as to deny, that the eventual choice of the House constitutes, any portion nf the elec tion, and to manifest.open hostility against the provision of tlie Constitution, which con- tair.sit.. * - If there was no other objection, the one under consideration whnld be insuperable wph me. I differ.uU<:t;|y from the advocate^ ofihe proposed Convention, in. reference to this provision. I regard it as one ol the first importance,, not because I. desire the election to : go into the House,,but because t believe it to be an .indispensable means, .ip the hands of the stn?llet States, of _ preserving tlieir just and constitutional weight in the Presidential election, piid. through that, in the Executive Department and the Govern- ment jtself, which'l lielieye tft be ^scntial to.tlte preservation of onr subjitn© federal system- *-1 regard Uie adjustment of tire tel- atiye weight- of the States in the. Gov.ern- meut to be the fundamental compromise of the-Constitution,-.and! that,on \vhtch ,opr whole political - system depends. Its adjust ment constituted the great difficulty in form- s principle embraced is'identical with that.on which you.propos- favor of it then,as lam now, not because!, consider the resolutions as perfect, theoreti cally, us the existing provisions of the Con stilutioii, but Because I, believe it would in.practice, more certainly accomplish what the.framers of the Constitution intended.— But while the provision stands as it does, I would regard myself as little short of n trai tor -to.that sacred instrument should I give my assent, directly or indirectly, to any prac tice which would have the effect -of divest ing the smaller States of the due weight which it secures to. them in the Presidential when it is overlooked. I see no provision in the proposed Convention-to meet if. But, iu ordef to realise how the Convert-* lion will operate) it will be necessary to TtrWtlle COmtnn«t of (lie objections which I have made. Thus viewed, it wflf be found, that a Convention so constituted, tends irresistibly to centraliialfbn—centrali zation oi tlie Control over the Presidential lection in the hands of a few of the central, large Statfts, at first, and fiually, tn political managers, office hnldersand office seekers; or to express it differently, in that portion of tlm community, who live, or expect to live on the Government, in contradistinction to the great mass, who expect to ; live on their own means, or their honest it.dustfy; and- who maintain the Goverhment, and politically speaking, are emphatically tlie people. - 'That such would be the case, may be in*, ferred Ironi the fact, that it would afford the means to some six or seven States' lying contiguous and hot far from the centre of tire Union, to control the nomination, and through that the election,/by concentrating their united votes in the convention. Give them the power of doing so, and it would not long lie dormant. What may be done by combination, where the temptation is so _ rent, will be sn re ere long to lie done. To combine and. conquer, is not less trite as h maxim where power is concerned! than to Divide mid conquer.”' Nothing is'better established, than that, the .desire for poWef can bring together and-unite the most dis cordant materials. . . ... But the fendericy to centralization will ed to constitute the Baltimore Convention, not stnp'there. 'Hie appointment of dole but which has been so dictator tally objected gates en masse by State invention, would to by some, who tlieti look so prominent a tend, at the same time and even with great- part in its favor. If you have not succeded, er force, to centralize this control ih the there is aLleast sotye consolation in reflec- hands of the few,' who make politics a trade! ting that if otlrors itaye since chtmged, you The farther the Convention is removed from npw stand where you then did, in the pn- the people, the more certainly- the control rer .and better days of the party. I was in - * " * " " over it will be placed ftf the hondsof the in terested tew, and when rertioved three or four degrees, ns has been shown if will be, where the appointment is by State Convetr-* tions, the power of thtfpeople will cease, att^ 3 the seekers of Executive favo'r will become ' supreme. At^hat stage, ati active, trained and combined «oms will be formed; iii thb parly, whose whole time and attention will be directed to politics. It Will be their sole business. Into tlieir hands the nppoinf-* ments of delegates mall the stages will fall, and they will fake special care that none but themselves or tlieir humble and obedient election whether designed. «r poL 'And dapShdentsshaU'be appointed. Tho central here let me add. lbat as objectionable as ^hq State Conventions will be filled by the I (biu|c-a Congressional caucus for nom- most experienced and cunning, and after mating a it is iff my opinion, nominating the President, they will take