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From the AugasiaChfonicle and Sentinel. I admitted that tbe crop* of tbeiaat year
Georgia BaUrbad "Convention.. has' been"a targe one, ‘ i^d _ *he wboTe
The Annnal Cor.ventiox of the Stoek
holders in the Georgia Railroad and
Banking Company was organized in
this city on the 10th inst., at which a
large number were present, the Hon.
John P. King, President, in the Chair.
The morning session was taken up iu
organization and the appoiutmeul-ot the
usual committees. *
During the af.ernoon session, the
President vend bis own and tbo Report
of the General Superintendent, F. C.
Arms; both .of which, represented the
affairs of tho Company in a most flatter
ing condition, the former of which we
subjoin.
The 'remainder of the afternoon ses
sion was devoted to tho consideration of
maltera pertaining to the interests of the
Company. The convention will prob
ably adjourn 16-day.
PRESIDENT’S REPORT.
Office Ga. R. It. 5c Banking Co. \
May, 1853. $
T* the Stockholder* of the Georgia
Railroad and Banking Company
The business operations of the Company,
for the peat year and its financial con
dition, will appear, by the accompany
ing repoit of the Superintendent and
the statement of the Cashier hereunto
annexed.
. It appears from these documents that
the gross and net income of the Com
pany, for the year ending rite 31st March
were as follows:
Gross Earnings of the Road $934,124 08
Expenses of management,
and all the expenditures of
and on account of the Road 477,655 32
Net profits of Road $456,46S S5
Gross earnings *
of the Bank $95,887 34
Charged with
interest on
bond taxes
and expenses 81,933 00
Net profits
from Bank
k3,964 34—13,964 34
Net profits of the Compa
ny from all sources -$170,433 19
From these profits two divi
dends have been declared,
one of $3,50 and the other
of $4 per share—amout-
ing to 300,000 00
Leaving applicable to other
purposes $170,433 19 $170,433 19
It has been the policy of the Com
pany for a number of years past to de
clare tho dividends at tho rate of 7 per
cent, per annum, on its capital of 4,000,-
000, and appropriate the remaining sur
plus profits to tho permanent improve
ment of the road and outfir, and the pay
ment of the funded debt—incurred prin
cipally for subscriptions to other roads.
As but a small amount of the funded
debt matures before January next, and
the profits of the company seemed to
D '”7 an incrcaso of Dividend, the
increased the last simi-annual di
vidend to $4 per share. Whether this
rate of dividend should be continued
wilt depend; of - coBWSfupon the future
country has*been in a very high state of
prosperity. It may be admitted too that
other roads are progressing, that may
injuriously affect our income. But on
the other hand, others are near comple
tion that will add largely to our receipts.
Of the latter class may bo ranked the
Nashville & Chattanooga, and the At
lanta and La Grange Railroads, both ef
which wUl be compleaied about the dose
of the present year. Withoartulaiging
upon the subject, the Board will further
state, that since our last meeting an ami
cable arrangement has been made by the
South Carolina Railroad for the location
of a depot in the city of Augusta, at a
distance of about 600 feet from that of
our road. From this ariangement the
Board anticipate very favorable Tesults
to our business. It is true that there is
no connection of tracks, but the drajage
is very short and the advantage to Au
gusta of removing all obstructions to a
free choice between two of the best sea
ports of the South, must add additional
attraction to this city, as an interior mar
ket, and afford additional inducements
to a concentration of produce at this
point. To the expense of this desirable
arrangement, the Board readily contri
buted the sum of $30,000, and the Stock
holders may be pleased to learn that this
sum was paid in cash, and has hecn
charged toprofit and loss, and, therefore,
no longer exists as a charge upon the
Company or its income.
It will be seen by the Report of the
Superintendent that heavy extra expen
ditures will be tequired for the ensuing
year. Eight new Engines have been
ordered, which will cost about $64,000
Passenger Depots at Atlanta and Au
gusta have also been contracted for,
which will cost the Company (other
Companies contributing to the Atlanta
Depot) about $20,000; and passeuger
houses and new depots should be con
structed at several points on the line.—
About $50,000 will also be required for
new Iron beyond Madison.
Only a part of the Engines will he
required to keep up the present stock,
but the whole will bo necessary on the
completion of the Atlanta & La Grange
arid the Nashville & Chattanooga Roads.
Tho new depots have been for some
time needed, but have been postponed
to more pressing demands upon our
means. The outlay for Iron has become
absolutely necessary. Railroad Iron of
modern manufacture is generally an in
ferior article, and that beyond Madison,
though still entirely safe. is begining to
give way, and will require renewal at
the rate of at least ten miles per year.
Though theso extra demands upon the
company arc considerable, the Directors
feel assured that they may be easily
met from the Surplus profits, interfering
with the regular accustomed divideuds.
The Washington branch will probably
be completed by the first of August,
next. The Board have not estimated
this as a very profitable investment, but
it satisfies an early claim of the old and
wealthy county of Wilkes, aud will evi
dently iucrease considerably tlie busi
ness on the main track below its junc
The results of.the convention, from the-
comparison and concert of opinion and
action, are calculated to he of eminent
benefit to the Planting States, aud if its
meetings are continued jor-a few yeafs
in the same spirit, will be likely to pro
duce a complete revolution in.the course
of trade, and in improved Southern Ag
riculture. ‘ *
Senator Toombs’ address'on Wednes
day was. in its main features, one of the
most lucid and convincing arguments ev-
ef produced on the subject—-close and
compact as a granite wall, champed, lay
er by layer, and built up, with bolts of
steel, impenetrable an immovable.—
There were more slight errors in statis
tics, and occasionally a want of fuller ex
planation in details; bnt the main fea
tures were as true and irref ragible as the
everlasting hills. The speech will be
published in full in the Cotton Plant—
Montgomery (Ala.) Journal.
resources of the Company. The funded
debt should be punctually met, and the
Tbe Norwalk Tragedy
The Now York, papers of Saturday af
ternoon, contain very copius details of
the terrible catrastrophe at Norwalk.—
We cull a few extracts, which, together
with what we have already published,
will place the reader in possession of all
the facts that have yet reached us.
From tbe Journal of Commerce
The scene at the rail road station house
in Norwalk yesterday afternoon, was ap
palling. In one small apartment were
twenty eight ghastly corpses rigid in
death; and in another seventeen—thick-,
ly covering the floor. Among them, nu-
meious surviving friends were eagerly
scrutinizing each countenance, w* lh m ‘ n *
gled hope and fear, searching for the lost.
As one after another was identified, the
scene was often painfully affecting. In
fancy, youth and old age, were all rep
resented among the dead. The body of
a beautiful female chi d, seeming to be
almost animated with life, elicited excla
mations from many. Almost all the bo
dies were greatly disfigured with bruises
and cuts, and probably in a majority of
instances, injuries of ibis kind were suf
ficient cause of death. A few evidently
died of strangulation by water. Before
dark nearly all tbe bodies were divested
of their clothing, put in neat coffins of
black walnut, aud forwarded to their
Iriends. Every arriving train brought
many in search ofthose that were sup
posed to be lost, but it waf supposed.last
evening that all had been found, and of
theso very few remain'uprecognized.
The cause of the acqiden is attributed
solely to tbe engineer, in failing to ob
serve that tho signal was given that the
bridge was open, until too late to save the
train. A red hall is erected on a tall pole
outhedraw. When this is displayed from
the top of the pole, it signifies that all is
right; but if the engineer can’t see it from
a point about a quarter of a mile distant,
where there is a sign on which is written
“ Look out for the D raw,”withhand point
ing in the direction of the ball, he must
stop. I, is shown in evidence before the
Coroner that tbe ball was down from ten
to fifteen minutes preceding the arrival
of the train. The engineer is named Ed
ward Tucker, and has had long experi
lion, and in this way, it is hoped, may
fully compensate for any deficiency of
ront on tbe business ofthe branch it
neTT.
ence. He was injured about eighteen
road and its appertenances should be
placed and maintained upon tho foot
ing of a first class Road.
As tbe cost of the Road and outfit ex
ceeds the capital stock, the Board in its
teat annual report recommended that the
construction account should bo closed,
with the exception of the cost of substi
tuting embankment for the bridges be
yond Madison, which bridges were
adopted as a temporary expedient, to
expedite the original construction. It
will be seen that this policy has been
pursued and even the cost of these em
bankments has been charged to expenses.
Whilst this course adds value to tbe fix-
od property of the Company by an ap
propriation of a part of its profits, it is
more ielelligible to the Stockholders as
exhibiting the amount of profits availa
ble for dividends. Expenditures prop
erly chargeable to Road and outfit, and
losses from unnsal causes—say fire and
freshet, and for new iron, amount to the
sum of $77,846 46. The new iron and
theso casual losses though unusual, and
partly providential, may well be placed
'to expenses. The items, Jhrowever, for
filling temporary bridges,” and for ad
dition to 6tock of cars and engines, be
yond what was necessary to replace and
repair old ones, would have been a legiti
mate charge to “ Road and outfit,” and
would reduce exponses to that amount.
Theso charges, as seen by the Superins
tendant’s report, amount to $44,905 27.
The 'eondebsed account would then
stand thus—.
Gross earnings of tho road
for the year $934.124 08
do. do of the Bank 95,887 34
The Montgomery Convention.
The Montgomery Advertiser & Ga
zette, of the 3d inst says:
The Agricultural Convention met yes
terday at 11 o’clock, A. Mn in the Hall
of the House. A long aud able address
was read by its President, Mr. Daniel,
of Savannah, Georgia, when after the
transaction of some preliminary business,
the Convention adjourned, to meet at
Estelle Hall, in the afternoon, to hear a
lecture on Geology, by Prof. Tuomy, the
State Geologist. Our engagements pre
vented us from attending this lecture,
which from the well known ability of the
lecturer, must have been a very interest
ing and instructive one.
The attendance on this Convention,
though very respectable in numbers', and
especially so in talent, was not so large
as we had anticipated. Georgia, Ala
bama and Mississippi were represented.
Earnings from all sources $1,030,011 42
Charged with interest on
bonds, taxes, and ordina-.
ry expenses of manage
ment
514,672 95
Net profits deducting ord.
expenses $515,333 56
Tho Board present tbe statement in
this form, only for the pnrpose of exhib
iting to. the Stockholders a compara
tive view of net profits in the ordinary
mode of keeping accounts, lt will be
eoen by this exhibit, that the net profits
have increased over those of the pre
ceding year, tho sum of $84,250 53.
- Though the expenses in proportion to
business done have, in many important
items, been reduced,thegreat and unex->
parted increase in tho price of iron, and
other materials and materials usually con
sumed by Railroad, have increased other
items much beyond calcqlation} made at
the begining ofthe year. When, howev
er, the large amount of damage from fire
and high water, a few other unusual
charges, are taken into account, the or
dinary expenses will bo found tocomparo
very favorably with those of other Roads.
How the profits of future years may
compare with the past, the Board will
venture no decided opinion. Our Stock
is not a “ fancy stock,” and the board
have heretofore boon careful to hold out
no oxtravagant promises to the Stock
holder*, that probable results would not
In discussing tbe future
the Company, opposing
ill evidently have their
2d DAY’S PROCEEDINGS—AFTERNOON SES
SION.
The convention assembled at 4 o’clock,
when Mr. Nelson, oftbo Troop Hill
Nursery, Georgia, delivered an interest
ing, and practical address on Horticul
ture and Fruit Culture at tbe South.—
After which, Col. James M. Chambers,
of Georgia, addressed the convention.—
His snbject was tbe Agricultural Press.
The convention then adjourned to 10
o'clock on Wednesday.
months ago by a rail road, collision, for
which he was not blameworthy, and was
w*H« . la iwijB.B -his orrupartion. only
about, a moil'll since.
The train consisted of five cars, and
contained 118 passengers. It is thought
by the conductor, that had not the
rails been wet by the falling rain.threby
preventing an efficient action of the
breaks, the disaster might have been
averted. Upon nearing the bridge, the
fireman and engineer leaped from the
engine—the latter twenty feet dowu an
embankment, injuring himself severely.
A bystander describes the scene whun
the locomotive plunged into the abyss
as terrific. For an instant, it was in mid
air—then, with a crash, it disappeared,
with the tender, from sight. The Bos
ton baggage car piled on to this, in an
unright position, tho top nearly even with
the track on the bridge. The smoking
and mail car, containing the post-office
agent, fell near. The first passenger car
sunk and filled with water. In this the
principal loss of life occurred. But few
were in the smoking car, and not one of
them were killed. The second passen
ger car turned over, but its inmates es
caped. The third car broke in the cen
tre, but hung by the connecting rods on
the edge of the bridge till the rods were
cut
This ip the present position of tbe wreck
Of AbolUWfig.Law* ,or ©•>-
^; ■ lection ol Debts.
There are many intelligent, honest
merchants, who believe that it would,
oh the whole, he better to abolish all
laws for the collection of debts. It is a
question, - says a correspondent of the
Evening Post, that the mercantile com
munity will soon be prepared to answer
in the affirmative, for the following rea-
•sons:
1st. If there were no laws for collect
ing deixts»credit would be more general
ly founded upon character, and debtors
would, when unable to pay, lose caste,
unless the most satisfactory reasons could
be given* in excuse for default. Gam
blers have no laws, and debts are more
sacred among them than any debts when
tbe creditor can avail of law.
2d. The experience of our oldest mer
chants will prove that more money, in
cluding the value of time spent inlaw
suits, has been expended during the past
thirty years, than has been recovered by
the aid ofthe collecting laws. Policy on
the part of the debtor, and the force of
public opinion, influence debtora more
than law. The honest man needs not
law to coerce him, and the rogue will
evade when policy dictates him to do so.
3d. The most ruinous competition in a
village, is the reckless trader, who relies
upon the facility of compromising his in
debtedness for success, more than upon
his industry and economy. Were there
no collecting laws, he could not get cred
it the -second and third time, unless the
most extraordinary circumstance should
excuse him; and uuless his integrity was
placed beyond question, he would, after
one or two failures, be unable to obtain
more credit.
4th. As no man should be oblige to
Bell his property without cash or such se
curity as he may be willing to receive in
exchange, he ought not to he allowed to
take up the time pr twelve of his neigh
bors (or jurymen, and others for witness
es, merely because he chose to credit his
property, where by selling at a small re
auction, he could have sold forcash. In
other words, he now puts in jeopardy the
lime of his neighbors for days and weeks
to attend court, merely to enable him to
obtaiu $10 more on a bill of goods than
they would have sold for cash—custom
and long habit, alone, make this eudur
able. •<. b ■'./*
SthrThe same reasons will probably
be urged .against abolishing laws for col
lecting debts as were advanced twenty
years ago against abolishing laws for im
prisonment for debt. Every State in
the Uuion is now satisfied of the inexpe
diency of all laws for imprisonment of
men for debt; all reasons in favor of it
have been by experience proved to be
unsound.
1 have been of the opinion for more
than twenty years, that every law on the
statute book should be abolished for cob
lecting debts. Let every man who choos
es to place his property in the bands of
another, do so—but let the responsibility
rest on himself alone. If the debtor
don’t choose to pay, let the matter be con
fined between the debtor and creditor,
who both voluntered to place themselves
within their own contract—bot pray ex
cuse their neighbors from being dragged
into the controversy, at an expeuse of
time and derangement of their own bus-
inoM, tn aggregate. p«rtin|.a often timao
the value ofthe amount in contention.
Every year has more and more con«
firmed my views upon this subject.—
During that period 1 have credited sever
al millions of dollars—but I have made
it a rule to credit no man any more in
amount than I would have done bad there
been no Taw. I have, in common with
other merchants, had my share of bad
debts—but I have invariably compro
mised without a law suit. My aim has
been to deal with men who valued char
acter more than money.
Jackson, and it is the natural course for
it to pursue, no matter what name it as
sumes. As long as there are men who
distrust the people, who fear equality,
and wish to be made rich by leislative
enactments, so long will there be a feel
ing of bitter and relentless hostility to
democratic principle, which will scruple
at no artifice to make itself felt This
mattershould be understood, for the time
lias not come for the lion and the lamb to
lie down together.— Washington Union.
Itingold’s Exploring aiad Survey-
v _ ing Expedition.
Tbe following article from tho N. Y.
Journal of Commerce futnishes a detail
ed and very ’uteresting account of the
objects of this important expedition and
the preperations which have been made
for their accomplishment. Thearrange-
ments, it will be seen are thorough aud
complete, and " effect credit on all con
cerned in them :
This expedition promises to he one of
the most important in its tesults to the
commercial and scientific world which
has taken place for very many years
past; and, indeed may be favorably com-
S ared with any others which have been
ispatched within the last half century.
It consists of five vessels under tbe com
mand of Commander Catlvvalader Ring-
gold , which have been equiped, rigged
and manned with a view to the peculiar’
service for which they are designed; a ser
vice ofthe utmost importance,not only to
our country bnttothe entire world, ns it is
intended to examine and survey a large
portion of the North Pacfiic Ocean, Bher-
ing’s Straits, and tbe Arctic Sea, so far
north as may be found practicable, togeth
er with the adjacent coasts of America and
Asia—these surveyshaving for their ob
ject tbe promotion of commerce, and of
the whaling Imisness in those greatly
frequented, but slightly known regions.
The necesity and high importance of
such an an examination, as is here con
templated, becomes the more apparent
from our recent acquisition of California,
and the establishment of a commerce
which isfast increasing between foe Uni
ted States ports on the Pacific, and those
of China.
IB . I 11 SfjU awes are d e ,j
our judgment ibis is a superficial vi evtr
question. As we remarked last
Thursday, :: Vs I May 19,1853.
v
of ft,
gi eat partieti can never die. They^r* r*'**
in.the nature of.man. Particular
become obsolete and be forgotten
questions continually arise, on which Wu*
and Democrats will differ in opinion
questions will next arise we know not e*
reason anti experience tell ug that there * •
such. Besides, it is incorrect to say h,, ' ^
sues even of the recent party contests tteA*
The Bank is obsolete, it is true; bot it- *
will como up again, anil the Internal i**
ment question has just begun to tl L . v
mammoth proportions. The extension* T *
tory is an inevitsbleisnue; and tbe
doctrine" most be disenssed and settled T'"
these, and other living questions, VVhi **
Democrats held different views, and ^
different lines of policy, *'•oata*
AGENTSFOR THE SOUTHERN BANNER.
E. M. C a r r A V. B. P aline r,. V'.‘ii.:.. P11 i I ad el ph i 3
William Thompson;....,....Baltimore.
Joseph Mason, and V. B.Palraer, -.... New York.
M. Johnson, (Attorney at Law.) Gainesville.
Y^JB^re authorized to announce the name of
Don. JUNIUS HKLLTER. as
candidate for re-election to the next Congress, to
represent the sixth Congressional District
Public Meeting.
The friends of Gen. Pierce’s administration
in Clarke county, are requested to meet at the
Town Hall in Athens, on Friday the 20th inst
at ll o’clock. A. M., for the purpose of appoint
ing delegates to the Convention which is to
aemble in Milledgeville on the 3d Wednesday in
June next.
ODB PAPER.
We hope onr iriends will pardon us, if we ap
peal earnestly to them, to use some efforts to ex
tend the circulation of the Banner. We must
expect, ol coarse, to lose some subscribers by the
change in the policy ol the paper, and we trust
that others wilt come forward to take their
places. Will not our political friends look to
this matter f
As this trade promises, in the course
of a few years—comparatively speaking
to be estimated in value by millions of
dollars, it is evident that the route be
tween our Pacific coast and the ports
of China should he carefully and scien
tifically examined ; and not only so, but
that the various groups of islands lying
in the track ofthe shipping trading on
the North Pacific should be visited and
accurately surveyed, and also that the
Chinese Sooloo and Celebcan seas, with
their numerous islands, straits and har
bors, which are now either unknown or
very imperfectly ascertained and located,
and through which hundreds of our ves
sels will be trading'with the East Indie9,
should be laid down upon charts with
the utmost accuracy, from data obtained
from actual surveys. This is not all.
Those who have paid any attention to
the commercial growth of the United
States, must be aware that our mercan
tile marine engaged in the whale fish
ery, now exceeds that of any other nation
in the world, and is nearly equal to that
The locomotive is probably riot much
broken. One car.
.THIRD DAT S PROCEEDINGS. ,
Tho association convened as per ad
journment, when on motion of Dr. Dan-
iell, of Ga., the constitution was taken up
and revised in some of its sections.—
After which the reports of committees
(on documents and Agricultural Insti
tute) was received. These reports were
laid on the table temporarily, to bear the
address of the Hon. Robert*Toombs, of
Georgia. Col. Toombs was introduced
to the association, who interested the as
semblage, consisting of a crowded hall
of ladies and gentlemen, with an address
forcible and learned, Betting forth tbe du
ties an objects of the association.
The association then proceeded to the
election of officers, which resulted as fol-
lows:
For President—George R. Gilmer, of
Georgia. "'G
For Vice Presidents—H. W.Vick, of
Miss.; B.F. Glover, ofVa.; Dr. J. A.
Whetstone, of La.; aud «R. W. Withers,
of Ala. > •' *7
For Secretary and Treasurer—N. B.
Cloud, of Ala.
The association then adjourned to as
semble in the hall of the Mechanic’s In
stitute al 3 o’clock.
' AFTERNOON SESSION.
The association met as per adjourn
ment, when, after the appointment of va
rious committees, See., the_ Executive
Council was appointed, composed of the
following named: ;
E. A. Holt, Dr. C. Bellinger. B. S.
Bibb, Ala.; Col. Young, Miss.; Walker
Anderson, Fla.; A. S. Summer, S. £?.,
ana James M. Chambers, Ga.
The association then, fixed on Colum
bia, S. Gi, as the place for its next meet
ing in November next.
After the usual resolutions of thanks,
&c., to-the citizers of Montgomery for
hospitalities arid'attentions, the associa-
, and half of a second,
wore dashed nearly to atoms. The con
ductor, Mr. Comstock, was irithe second
passenger car, and w-as at once, immers
ed in the water. His foot, too, was so
caught fast in the rubbish that each surg
ing of the waves went over his head.—
Three times he went under, and was
about to give himself up as lost when the
foot was extricated. A window was at
the same time broken over bis head
by some means, and ho was enabled
to crawl, through, though so chilled as to
be almost unable to move.
Mr. Comstook is not so badly injured
as was at first reported, but has only sus
tained a dislocation ofthe wrist, besides
a few flesh wounds.
Loan Associations.—'llie Atlanta
Mutual Loan Association, having been
cluly organized and incorporated, is now
in tbe tell tide of successful operation.—
At the second monthly meeting, on Tues
day night, the books were closed with
upwards of seventeen hundred shares of
stock taken, and the money fur tho same
paid in. Considerable competition, was
shown among bidders for advances, and
the bulk of funds on band brought about
sixty per cent premium, the extremes at
which the loans were made being from
fifty-seven to seventy per cent. We un
derstand that stock in the association,
since tbe books were closed, is in good
demand at ten per cent premium.—At
lanta Intelligencer.
he ono hand, it will bo tion adjourned sine die
We learn from the Chattanooga .4<£-
vertiser, that a considerable reduction in
the freight of a number of articles bas
just been made on the Rrilroads between
Chattanooga and Charleston. The
freight on com has been reduced between
these pointsfrom 21 cents to IS per bush
el. Other articles have also been reduc
«d. •; oMiteMi
Party Spirit
' Thus far, events have justified us in
saying, awn after the election, that tbe
federal spirit would continue to anni-
mate one ^nf the great parties of the
country. For the sake of disguise, it
may abandon its present and assume an
other .name; as it has frequently done
before; brit it is antagonistic to pro-
S ress and equality, and must always, un-
er some form or other, manifest its
hostility to democratic ideas. Since
their overwhelming defeat the whigs
have avoided a national struggle, and
manifested but little desire to reform a
national organization. In sum quarters
prominent whig journals have assumed
a lone of moderation, and proposed a
truce under the pretence that they deem'
ed a lasting peace attainable. But while
this courser is pursued with regard to
federal affairs, the whig party in the
separate States is actively engaged in
forming State organizations based on lo-
cal ideas and interests to be united here
after when they are duly disciplined to
act in concert. The whigs of Virginia
have opened tho canvass by throwing
out a series of new issues, local in their
character, with the hope of collecting
all the elements of dissatisfaction. Tbe
late whig convention, called to nomiuate
a gubernatorial candidate in Tennessee,
indicated in its proceedings more at
tacbment to the old issues, if we may
judge from, the manner in which the
speech of Hon. John Bell was received
—a fact which was accounted for by the
presidential vote of that State. The
gentleman Repudiated the idea of abau
doning the old principles of .tbe whig
party, and he saw no. reason for aban<
doning its name—though that was k sec
ondary matter—there being, in his esti
mation, a prime, overruling necessity for
an organization to maintain the spirit of
the whig ideas. 'Thus will it be through'
out the Union. Tho opposition will at
tempt to assume the hue of each locali
ty, and appeal to the passions of every
section. In those States in which the
whig organization has not been utterly
destroyed. It will be adhered to with
such modifications as the peculiar views
prevalent in them may suggest. In oth
er States the opposition will organize on
other idets-^-promising a high tariff
where protection is popular—a low tar
iff in freB-trade communities—vast ex
penditurea for internal improvements by
means of river and harbor bills—or land
U3U We have received letters from several of
oar advertising friends and others, enquiring
onr terms are tbe same as those of Col. Ilolsey.
We would say to all of them that they are the
same. We take this method of informing them
to prevent the necessity of writing tu them indi
vidually. -.
137* Mr. Joseph Gauahl, a graduate of Frank
lin College, and favorably known ia this comma-
pity as a gentleman and graceful speaker,
Mr. John B ■ Miller, were admitted, in Savaunnh
on the 11th inst. to the practice of low in the
Courts of Georgia. Their examiaatiott wos
highly creditable.
Mr. P. C. Lasgstos, of Madison county, was
also admitted to tbe bar at tbe adjourned term of
Habersham Court., on tbe lllb inst. We wish
him success in his profession.
FINE FRUIT
We had the pleasure of receiving from the gar<
den of Mrs. Judge Lumpkin, a dish oi strawber
ries, whose size was only less remarkable than
tbeirflavor. We do uot remember to hare seen
or tasted fiuer. Our private opinion is that Mr
Peabody can be beat in Alliens, in tbe production
of this delicious iruit, in quality, at least, if uot
in quantity.
WVWv\VW\%y,A
THE DOLLAR TIMES,
Published in Cincinnati!, Ohio, by C.
Starbuck, is a good family newspaper, full
choice reading matter, and from wjisl — W
estso
tensive and valuable merits all tbe aid
which our Government can consistently,
with its other duties, afford to it; and
therefor e that the localiles anti true po
sition of the Aleutian Islands, which
stretch nearly across the Nothern Pa
cific, and from the Southern boundary
ofthe Bherintror Kamstchalka.sea, and
the Kurile Islands which extend fiom
Japan to Kamstchatka, should be ex
amined and defined; and also the sea
of Okhotsk, the Island of Japan, with
the adjacent seas, as well as the Gulf of
Tartary, and tbe approach and entrance
of tho large river Amour, should form
a-portion of the scientific labors of this
suivey. All this labor, immense as it
seems to be from this detail, is to be per
formed by this Expedition, and it is ex
pected they will be thus occupied for a
C ieriod of betweeu four and five years.—
t is a matter of congratulation to those
who feel a strong interest in the progress,
of knowledge, that the duties of this sur
vey have devolved upon a gentleman who
are fully qualified to discharge them with
efficiency, and to the satisfaction of all
concerned. These officers are not novi
ces in scientific surveys and examina
tions. Com. Ringgold, now at the head
of the Expedition, was Commauder of
the Porpoise in the Expedition, under
Cbm. Wilkes; Lieut.H.Rolando com
mands the Vinceuues, the flag ship; Cap
tain Davis, now commanding tne Por
poise, was also an officer in the Explor
ing Expedition; Lieut. Stuart, the Sec
retary and Assistant Astronomer, was
the Draughtsman of the Exploring Ex
pedition ; Captain Rogers, now com
manding the steamer, John Hancock, is
also advantageously kown as a gentle
man of fine scientific mind and attain
ments.
And thus it will- be found, that al
though the officers and scientific corps
may be few in number, they are proba'
bly more efficient than that of any pre
vious expedition, of a similar character.
Notwithstanding this Expedition is pro
vided with an efficient scientific corps,
it is beleived, and we may say, under
stood, that the primary objects of this
noble enterprise, the great Naval and
Commercial interests of our country,
will never be sacrificed for the less im
portaut scientific pursuits; but where
time and opportunity will allow, the
gentleman ofthe corps will prosecute
their researches in their respective
branch of science, with an assiduty which
will add much to the present amount of
knowledge .in natural history. We un
derstand, and we hope our belief may
prove Correct, that arrangements will
be madotofaciliate sending home copies
of all surveys, together with other inter
esting information, so that the communi
ty may reap the benefit of ibis enterpiize
‘at the earliest possible moment
rntjotfironinm.
Term*, one dollar per auhutrii
POTNAM’S MONTHLY.
We have been favored, by the pnblisben
It is nottbe object of tbuartide todi,
correctness of tbe Democratic vicw^'* S, " li8
sumo, that those to whom we now add ** *
selves arc already convinced on thua^
only mention them to shaw that lhe« ■
dart necessity for the Union of :’a e nJ"**
party.
Tbe objections urged sgaio.tsnci
mainly these: That Gen. Pierce bet
the Union Democracy from his ftv or
dence; that the Southern Right, DemoT^
having tbe majority in tbe ps.-.y, wiliZ*^
them in the State; and that there i, i
or opinion on the « right of
Gen. Pierce, we do not kuo W , 0 f V°
his preferences are; but if My Ulb k £
posed in his deliberate and *ok M Wow .. .
himself a Compromise and Union mu
any one need to be. Hi. cabinet h
of at least five out of tbe seven of open
cided Compromise men; and we have no dorf,.
that the policy of bis administration will be in
accordance with their sentiments. Wefevenot
kept any record of the division of the olk /
offices, but admitting that most of them io tbe
South have been given to Soothers rights !W
crats, whatofit t It may be important to rends
men who desired office, bat to the rest of«,
who wanted none and asked for none, what care
we, frrtber than that tbe couotry should W
served by capable and faithful men, and that tbs
measures of Government should oe such as w»
approve. Weebould be happy, of costs*, tore*
our friends promoted, and we do not vet belies*
that to be a Union Democrat is toy disqualifr*.
7ion in the eyes or tbe President. He baa, we
know, appointed some of them, sad webopebe
may appoint others; but we iutist upon it, that
if be should not, it is no reason why we should
abandon car political principles, and --tie te
sustain his administration, as long u we (pprer*
his meatures.
But shall we not bo proscribed and persecute!
by the Southern Right* majority at home, snd
can we meet them on honorable and equal
terms T We do not apprehend any daogerm
this point. The Southern Rights portion of tho
party (at least the great body of them) prafewci
to be desirous of forgetting former divisions, sad
coming together without distinction, as Dese
crate. What more could they say—whsl am
could wo askt There is an end of sll united
action of every kind, unless some confidenceeu.
be reposed iu the professions of men. Batwe
have the further guarrantyof *heir obviooita-
tent. They are to be supposed to have their
senses about them, and will not, with their eves
open, take a course that must inevitably defiest.
their party. But we will not discuss this ques
tion futther . It is sufficient, for the present, ts
that when honorable men ssy they wish to
w,
of
say.
be friends with ns, we are content to trust then,
io we contrary.
It only remain, to ennmider the 11 right of ie*
cession." In our opiuion, this is not m iuao
that can ever divide parties. All, wliuarena
cou.olidationisti, believe in the right oft Stile
to secede for sufficient caute. No one willeter
cellent magazine. Al I of it. articles are from tbo
pens of American writer*, and they givo evi
dence of there being in our own country as able
writer, as any cau boast of. To be found at the
Book Stores of Messrs.; W. N. White and J. 8.
Peterson. Terms $3 00 per annum.
Governor of New Mexico.—The
Washington letter.writers state that the
Hon David Merriwether, of Kontucky,
dfetribtitionJ-i-or strict construction and has been appointed Governor of New
'Antidote to Arsenic.—Magnesia
is an antidote to arsenic, as efficatioju as
the peroxide of iron, and.preferable be
cause almost any quantity may lye taken
wfehottf iqjury ;,and it 14 .easily procurr- Thi* was the-couroe which federalist^
-economy, as the occasion may require.
When these mongrel elements have act
ed iuconcert sufficiently long, a general
name and more uniform rules of discip
line will be adopted,in order to prepare
the allied forced for a national struggle.
odt.—f Brass Founder's Guide.
'
pursued after its overthrow by General
Mexico, in place of Gov. Lane, removed
Mr. Merriwether, for a short time, filled
the vacancy in the Senate occasioned by
the death of Mr Clay Everybody will be
gratified with Lane’s removal, thongh
he was appointed as a Whig,—but hav-
Vttg gone a filibustering, ho has no sym
pathy now.
THE DUTY OF UNION DEMOCRATS.
In our last, we attempted to show that a re
organization of the Union party was neither
practicable nor desirable. Tbe question then
occurs, wliat is the true course of those Demo
crats who were enlisted in the Union ranks t—
We answer, tbit their proper and natural posi
tion is in tbe Democratic party; We say so,
first, because it is consistent with their position
as Union men. The purposes and intentions of
tbe Union party were proclaimed from the first;
they were never made a secret of. The party
was formed to sustaia what was well known as
the “ Georgia Platform." Its object was to
maintain, onreversed, the verdict that Goorgta
had passed on the Compromise Bills, and to
cause that settlement to be adopted .and recog
nised, as far as possible, by the whole nation, as
a Finality to the slavery disputes. It was dis
tinctly avowed, that the Union men of Georgia
would act with no national party that did not
recognise such a finality; that if one party only
came up to this requisition, we would act with
that one; and that if both parties came up to it,
the Union party would disband a* having ac
complished, the object of its -existence. Every,
one who was familiar with the. politics of the
day will -recognise this' statement as true. If
specifications were needed, we could appeal to
an editorial of tho Chronicle Sentinel, in
which the objects of the Union party were set
forth almost in the very, words above. We qoote
from memory, having no file of that paper. We
refer also to the speech of Hon. R. Toombs, made
the evening after his election to the Senate, in
which the same thing was distinctly declared
But it is needless to multiply quotations. Every
body knows that it was never contemplated to
make the Uuion organization permanent, unless
in the contingency that both national parties re
fused to come toonr terms. Theartaalresoll(\vas
that both parties incorporated the finality doc-
trine into their party creeds; and from that mo
ment the life departed from tbe Union party of
Georgia. It had done its work—it had fonght a
good light—it had nibly borne its principle, on
ward to complete and glorious triumph, and its
further existence would have been in contraven
tion of its own cherished principles. Tho at
tempt to keep it alive by the nomination of a
Union Pierce ticket, was a mistake. It was caus
ed by the natural unwillingness of men who had
fought side by side, and had learned to esteem
'and value each other, to part company, and take
their positions in opposing ranks. But it would
not do. The stubborn fact existed that Mime of
them were Whigs aud others Democrats, and the
old contest was before the country, and the Union
issue was past. This was so clearly perceived
nt the time by many members of the last Union
Convention, that they refused to remain in it;
and it soon became so obvious to every one that
the ticket was withdrawn, aud the party dissolved
tn form, as it was already in fact. It is, then,
perfectly in accordance with the principles and
purposes of the Union party, that it should hav6
disbonded on tho action of the NationalCoaven- ca '
tions, and that tbe Democratic members of it
should return to their own organization.
But the Doipoo-atic party should be re-united
because it has work before it, and needs all its
twagtb. We knew that it is now a common
which be will insist is sufficient. And tbe retl
contest will be, as it has been, as to tbe stfeitr
eyof the cause. We do nut say that there is not
a real difference of opinion between polhicd
philosophers, as to the uatore of tbe right, and
tbe manner of its exercise; bat we sty, it in
difference too abstract and intangible to tike
hold on the masses and draw the lines of party.
Active working men, unaccustomed to abstract
speculations, and taking small interest io politi
cal or other theories, will look on with indiffer
ence while acute reasonere refine on Ceoslito •
tional principles and national law, and will wait
until action is proposed, effecting their sabshia
rial interests. Then they will take bold of it,
and determine the question on a pcsctical
of all the circumstances of the esse. They will
ask, is it best that the States rum ""ft 1 they
will not trouble themselves about the nature ot
tbo right.
Therein then, we believe, no sufficient res**'
why Democrats should net act together in carry
ing out. the principles on, which they are agreed.
Tbe real difficulty in the way is one that is Up*
in the back ground; ills the animosity ol fedkg
between individuals, engendered by the bitter
ness of recent strife. This feeling we modi*
time allay. Mutual forbearance and abstinent*
from all offensive re-crimination, is theplsindnty
of all good Democrats.
They have differed as to the true interest!
tbo State that all alike love and honor; snd*
to the proper mode of defending rights tbst
alike are resolved to defend. The t******
that difference has passed away; and we hope,
that the only future effect ofthe Union and South
ern Rights organizations may be, to moderate®
onr State tho virulenco of party rancour, 3
cause Whigs and Democrat*, recently
gether but now divided, to remember,
whole people of Georgia are !>»»•**
otic, and that if they differ on questions 0 pa ^
lie policy, they should differ as friends kw*®
that the object of all is the same—the prosper
and happiness of their common country.
NEWS ITEMS* _
It r« said the receiptssif the N- Y.Hippw
on Wednesday last, were over 425,000-
Five hundred bushels of wheat were
at Wheeling, on Thursday Jor Boston SF^ 3 & ’
Two of the fine cattle formerly
Henry Clay, have been sent to the New
World’* Fair. V
The reported gold discoveries at San
have turned out a hoax—alltlte gold ex 1
having been brought from California.
The aggregate value of tbe property
more, as returned by the City Assessors,
801,438.
Articles for the New York Crystal
hibition will be received on and after ©
instant, at tbe exhibition building.
Many instances are adduced by the ^ e
papers to show that whiskey given 10
quantities, is a cure fo* the bite of a ratt esna
Since .March, 1852, it is said ‘hat 22 vewe'*
with cargo*, valued, at more than twam^JR
quatter millions of dollars, have cleared xt
adelpbia for California. ^
It is said that Gov, Stevens will probeb J’ ®
at government of the u eW .
lou *t Olympia, a thr ‘^’" g it j
tbo bead of Tugev’s Sound,
thought in the Land Office, is shor'd/ to
the grest commercial capital of our ‘ 0
Pacific coast possessions.
■ & .
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