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From the Nrw York Times.
Weeks of the Italian War—A
GREAT BATTLES
OF MAGENTA
.a flfii.
Carouicie ef the Campaign# .
1859 PRELIMINARY EVENTS.
April 19.—Departure of the fipt body
of French troops from Toulon
—Austrian ultimatum dis
patched from Vienna to Turin.
Apiil 23.——It is received at Turin.
April 26?—The limit fixed by the ulti
matum expires—Statement of
the war question addressed to
the Corps Lrgislatif by Count
Walewski— French troops first
cross Mont Ccnis.
April 27.—Revolution in Tuscany—the
Grand Duke retires.
THE FIRST WEEK OK THE WAR—THE
AUSTRIANS ENTER SARDINIA.
April 29.—The Austrians, under Count
Gyulai, pass Ticino—Mars!i?.ll
Canrobert and General Niel
reach Turin and assume com
mand of their respective corps
d'armee—(Jen. McMahon ar
rives at Conn-i—Death of Gen.
Bonat.
April 30.—The Austrians occupy No
vara—The French Ambassa
dor quits Vienna.
May 1.—Kiii^ Victor Emanuel leaves
Turin to take command of his
army—’the Austrians occupy
Mortnra—Their steamers seize
the. Sardinian ports on Lake
Maggiore—Three Austiian
vessels repulsed in the lake.
May 3.—Manifesto of Napoleon III,
addressed to the Corps Lrgis
latif—The Austrians pass the
Do at Cambio—They are re
pulsed in an attempted cross
ing at Fmssiuctto—They burn
the bridge over the Scrivia at
Piacenza—The Austrian van
guard reaches Tronzano.
May 4.—The Duchess Regent of Par
ma enters her Capital—The
conflict at Fiirssinetto contin
ues—The, Austrians, passing
the Po at Yacatiza, advance to
Sale—A cannonade at Valen-
za.
MALEGNANO. £
June Z—TkiAit*%an» fiW&Jf eraeSJ -
ate .Sardinia—Severe action
at Buffalbra—Garibaldi again
marches upon Varese, beats
the Austrians, and le-occupies
it.
June 4.—The conflict at Buffalora con
cludes in a oplendid victory of
the Allies at Magenta.
June 6.—Milan rises upon the Austrians
—The garrison retires—Victor
Emanuel proclaimed King—
Lombardy annexed to Sardin
ia—Grand Tc Deurn at Taris
for the victory at Magenta.
June 7.—The Emperor and King enter
Milan—The Austrian custom
houses on Lake Maggiore seiz
ed by Garibaldi's corps.
June S.—Garibaldi pursues the Aus
trians, who retreat towards
Monza.
June 9.—Marshal Baragnay d’llilliers
attacks the Austrians at Ma-
legnauo, and after a severe
contest, carries that post—The
Austrians evacuate Laveno
Tbe Battle cr magenta-
” . BY AN ACTOR IN IT.
The following letter, the first direct
ly coming from tbe battle-field of Mag
enta. and wntteq,tbe morning after by
an officer wlio took part in tbe battle,
is published in tbe Pays. The writer
uatur&lly/iply describes what be wit-
nessfeu-himself,' and gives no idea of the
general character of the engagement,
but from .what he says it will be seen
that the conflict mnst have boen of a
most desperate description :
••Battle field of Magenta, |
1:—the
TO the
THE SECOND WEEK OF THE W
FRENCH EMlTTluR PROCEEDS
SEAT OF W AR.
May 6.—Gen. Gialdini issuing from
Casalc seizes a cinvoy of the
enemy.
May 7.—The Austrians repass the Po
at Gerola.
May 10.—The Emperor Napoleon III.
and tho Prince Napoleon Je
rome leave Paris for the seat
of war—tho Austrians com
plcto a retrograde movement
to the left of the. Se»ia.
May 11.—The Emperor embarks at
Marseilles—the Austrians
pause at Vercclli, and return
reconnoitering parties to the
right bank of the liver—they
occupy Rivcrgaro.
May 12.—The Emperor la»ds at Ge
noa.
THE THIRD WEEK OF THE WAR—THE
AUSTRIANS RETREAT.
May 14.—The Austrians occupy Rol-
bio, and push their advanced
posts to Casteggio.
May 15.—The French Emperor arrives
at Atessandna.
May 16.—The French Squadron of Ad
miral Jnrien-Giaviere anchors
before Venice—the Emperor
visits tho outposts at Yalenza.
May 17.—The Austrians threaten the
Bridge at Stella—The Emper
or visits the Headquarters of
tho King at Occimi&no—the
Austrians vainly attempt to
take the Bridge at Valcnza.
May 19.—Tbe Headquarters of Count
Gyulai transferred in retreat
to Garlasco.
THE FOURTH WEEK OF THE WAR—THE
BATTLES OF MONTEBELLO AND VER-
CELLt.
May 20.—Great speech ofM. Kossuth
on the War, delivered at Lon
don Tavern—Battle of Mon
tebello—The Allies number
ing 6,300, under Gc.u. Forey,
defeat 25,000 Austrians under
Gen. Count Stadion—The
Emperor visits Casale.
May 21.—The Piedmontese, under Gen.
Cialdint, force the passage of
the Scsia, at Vercelli, routing
the Austrians—Garibaldi, with
his corps, leaves Biclla, and
inarches f o r Northwestern
Lombardy—The blockade of
Venice reestablished.
'May 22.—Death of the King of Naples.
May 23.—Garibaldi, passing the Ticino
at Sesto Calende, defeats the
enemy and captures Varese.
May 25.—Garibaldi attacked l»y the
Austrians, beats them—Col,
Cristoforis, with a portion of
Garibaldi’s force, beats the
Austrians near Sesto Calende
— 1'lie Emperor at Vogliera
May 26.—The Emperor arrives at Ycr-
cclli—Garibaldi again beats
the Austrians at Mulinatc.
THE FIFTH WEEK OF THE WAR—THE
BATTLE OF 1’ALESTRO.
May 27.—Gorihnldi inarches upon
Ocino, and routing tho Aus
trians at San Formo, occupies
that city—Rapid movement ot
the French army from t!
south to the north of the Po—
Montebello a n d Casteggio
evacuated by them, occupied
by the Austrians.
May 28.—Garibaldi occupies Carnetdata
and Lecco—Austrian vessels
bombard Cnnnbhin, on Lake
Maggiore—Tbe Yaltclline ris
es in insurrection.
May 31.—Battle of Palcstro—The Al
lies '•omuianded by Victor
Emanuel, attack the Austrians
From the Richmond (Va.) Dispatch.
Louis Napoleon and Great Britain.
A leading British periodical refers to
the fact that long ago, at Ham, and be
fore, Louis Napoleon repeatedly de
clared his belief that he was destined to
restore the Empire, and to recover the
old hound tries of France. Before the
Chamber of Peers lie once said that he
•‘represented a principle, a cause, and a
defeat: the principle, the sovereignty
of the people as opposed to legitimacy ;
tho Cause, tho Empire; the defeat, Wa-
teiloo.” More recently, lie hold up as
Napoleon’s strongest title to tho grati
tude of Frenchmeu, that he abdicated
rather than consent to her dismember
ment—i. e. her confinement to her for
i tner limits. It is also said that ho bits
I more than once avowed to his intimates
| bis determination to have a page of Uis-
I lory to himself, and his ilea of realizing
his ambitious dream by an ncbievmcnt
which no one, since William, Duke of
.Normandy, lias attempted.
The same high au'hority has disa
vowed that i .011 is Napoleon is not the
foolish imbecile it was long the fashion
to consider him. It says he is natural
ly shrewd, secret, and impenetrable ; he
has the invaluable faculty of silence.; lie
istens to every one, ask advice from no
one, gives hi# interlocutors no idea
whether or not their arguments have
made tho least impression upon him,
but revolves bis plans in the jr'oomv ie-
cesses of his own brain ar.d brings them
forth matured, homogeneous end unex
pected. Added to this, he is a latalist.
a believer in his “star,” and to such
heights has that star led him that he
may well believe there car. be nothing
impossible in the inline.
Louis Napoleon now appears in a new
character, that of a military leader, and
he may surprise the world as much hv
his abilities in the battle field as the cab
inet. It was a hazardous undertaking
to provoke a comparison letween himsell
and the greatest modern master of the
ait of war; but it can hardly bo suppos-'
cd that one so sagacious and discreet
would have attempted such an experi
ment from a mere splendid and uncalcu-
Uling audacity. If, as is declared, it is
Louis Napoleon who has directed the
military movements of the Allies in It
aly, he has already proved himself the
first general, as well as the greatest
statesman of Europe.
It is said to be a peculiarity of his
character that he never abandons an
idea or a project he has once entertain
ed ; that history affords a few examples
of such relentless and pertinacious, as
well as inscrutable will. If this be so,
the people of Great Britain are not with
out reason for the apprehension that he
will one day turn bis attention to the
fast anchored isle, and attempt to wipe
out the foul blot of Waterloo. He owed
his elevation to the army ; it is the arm y
which sustains the pillars of his dynasty";
occupation, adventure, promotion, glory,
are tho rewards which the army de
mands. It is not necessary to accuse
him «< insincerity, when ho declared
the empire is peace ” If two wars
have occurred duriig the short reign of
tho Emperor, it is because the loyalty
of the army can only be secured hv
war. War rallies all the legions to the
imperial regime; war postpones the dan
gers, and consolidates the power of his
dynasty. Of all wars, none would he
so popular with the entire French na
tion as a war with England. That is a
war which, sooner or later, must come,
if Napoleon remain on the Fiencii throne.
It is needless to say that^ when that
storm does burst, it will try tbe vigor
and resources of England, beyond any
struggle in which she has ever been in
volved. Her ancient ally, Russia, alien
ated by the Crimean war, and Austria
prostrate beneath the French armies,
she will have to boar tho brunt alone of
the most colossal militaiy pow er of the
earth, directed by the most subtle, dar
ing, and determined spirit of the age.—
It is well for her to bo distrustful, yvary,
mid vigilant. There is no tolling when
the hero of the coup d'etat will strike.
TUB GREAT EMII.1NII KEBEDY
Silt JAMES Cl A It KB’S
CEI.EEU.ITED FEJIALE FILLS.
r;ti<TK<-isd
—The Emperor of Austria, n „d.,Cp W ts R< - stamps cm lusi il in mr
attended by Field-Marshal
Baron Hess, arrives at Verona.
June 1.--The Allies defeat the Aus
trians at Palestro—Gen. Niol
occupies Novara.
June 2.—Garibaldi, retiring before a
, powerful body of the enemy,
■ attacks Laveno unsuccessfully
—Tho Austrians attack the
allied outposts at Robbio, but
speedily retreat—The ad
vance of the Allies under Mc
Mahon, enters Lombardy by
the bridge of Turbigo.
'Tint SIXTH WEEK OF THE WAR—TIIR
“June 5, Four Morning.
“I hasten to inform you that in the
gieat victory which the French arms
have gained at this place T have escaped
without a scratch, although I was in the
very midst of the fight, from one in the
afternoon to half past nine in the even
ing, in company with my biavc comra
des, the Zouaves of the Guard. 01
the 2d. the Voltigeurs of that army had
received orders to advance to the Ticino
and cross the river below Buffalora, on
the left of Turbigo. to support General
de McMahon’s corps. The next day.
the first brigade of infantry of the guard
(Zouaves and Grenadiers,) commanded
by General Cler, received orders to en
e-imp at Trecate. on tho Milan load ;
and on the 4th early in tbe morning,
the brigade received orders to cross the
Ticino and advance on Magenta. On
arriving at the banks of the l iver we saw
the Emperor, who, after reaching No- i
vara, had transferred his headquarters
to the bridge itself over the Ticino. In
the distance, on the left hand, were to
be seen clouds of smoke, accompanied
by the thunder of cannon at intervals.
When we reached the bridge, the troops
were ordered immediately to put dow n
their hafresacks, and advance rapidly
to right of the road to Magenta, in order
to attack a redoubt in earthwork
which the Austrians had established to
sweep the bridge of the Ticino and the
road to Milan. The brigade was divid
ed into two columns. That of the 3d
Grenadiers was designated to form the
first column of the attack, and the first
three companies of the 1st battalion of
the Zouaves of the Guard were to sup
port the movement. I formed pait of
these companies. We had to cross vast
open meadows where the enemy could
sweep us with grape. When the word
was given the column dashed forward
at full speed, and in a few minutes after
the Grenadiers ar.d Zouaves were climb
ing up the redoubt, which we took w ith
the cry of *Yive l’Empi'icur!’ TLo
movement was so sudden that the cue- |
my Lad scarcely time to lire Jlheir g ins.;
, The Austrians, driven from the redoubt. ;
leturnud immediately after, with a g:u.;; 1
accession oi torce, to attack ns i;. it. Y\ • ■
were about two bundled Z luavi-s, a;. :.
I in spile ot our small unmoor, w o in.'nie
foar successive soities, crying to e.-ico
other, 'Use the bayonet!’ Each time
the enemy were forced to letiie with
considerable loss. We were not really
one to ten hut wo made up by the dash
and lapidity of our attacks for our want
of numbers. 111 the course of the four
sorties we had unfortunately lost a con
siderable portion of our force, and at
last we were unable to continue the of
fensive with any hope of success. The
Austrians, seeing that we were not sup
ported, returned to the charge a fifth
time, aud as their numbers were enor
mous we were obliged to retire in out
turn. We withdrew in good order be
yond the railway bridge and a deep ca
nal. There, being for the moment se
cure from attack, 1 caused my inen to
take a little rest, which they much
wanted, for during three hours they had
been engaged. We soon after received
the support of a division ot Marshal
Ganrobert’s corps, arriving in all haste
from Novara, aud of a brigade of Gen.
de McMahon, which had passed the
Ticino at Turbigo. With these rc-in-
forccments our troops assumed the of
fensive, and regained all the positions
which we had previously occupied.—
1 o\vaids si 11 o clock, 1 had just pro
eecded with 1113- company to the bridge
of the canal, where the headquarters of
Gen. Regnault do St Jean d’Angcly
were established, when a strong column
of the Austrians attacked our right flank,
which they wanted*to turn, supporting
their forces on a village, the name ot
which 1 aib ignorant ot, but which the
Austrians held. I received orders to
advance on the village to neutralize the
movement of attack. We advanced
with vigor, and in ten minutes tbe vil
lage was in our power. But soon after,
' we were attacked in our turn by consid
erable masses and forced to give way.—
Three battailous of infantry of the line
were sent to our aid, fortunately for us,
as we were borne down by numbers.
We then lesumcd the offensive, and a j
desperate fight ensued. At last, the
Austrians, driven from house to house,
began to separate; we redoubled our
efforts, and after a bundled band to hand I
encounters, succeeded in driving the I
opposing column as far as the canal. !
where a great number met their death.
It was then half past nine. All the
positions of the enemy were taken, and
their army in full route towards Pavia
and Piacenza. I could writo you whole
pages, had I time, concerning this great
battle, in which the Zouaves of the
Guard sustained most admirably their
high reputation. I must, however,
draw to a close. We returned to get
oar havrcsacks at the bridge of tbe Ti
cino, and wo tlrcu went and bivouacked
on the field of battle. 11 was only at
night that we could reckon up in a
rough way our losses. My chef-de
battalion bad his leg fractured, and in
my company twenty-four men were
killed or wounded. In tbe whole regi-
tneHi 250 rank aud file are cither killed
or wounded, and nine officers, one being
killed. We lit immense fires during
i¥;THiT. v Y l > v-efcas;
■A-—AtiYm
From the Augusta Constitutionalist.
The African Slave Trade.
1 Mr. Editor: In a former article, 1
Hated that South Carolina aud Georgia
tyre tbe only States in the Federal
Convention opposing immediate aboli
tion ; and that clause, as it is, was pro
posed by a delegate from South Caroli
na, and voted for unanimously.- I should
have stated, unanimously by the' dele
gation fr'bm South Carolina and Georgia
The clause, as amended, was opposed
by Virginia and three other States—
not because they opposed the abolition
of tbe trade, but bi-cause they wished it
done sooner than twenty years. Mr.
Madison said, “So long a time will be
more dishonorable to tho American
character than to say nothing about it
in the Constitution.”
With this slight historical correction
of no consequence, but rather strength
ening tho position assumed, I proceed to
sustain the position, that the present
and increasing security of the institution
is owing mainly, if not entirely, to the
abolition of the slave trade*
About two centuries after the abolition
of slavery in western Europe, we are
told by history, that “the Portuguese,
iu imitation of those pirates which exist
ed in the uncivilised ages of the world,
made their oese cuts on Africa; and com
mitting depredations on the coast, first
carried the wretched inhabitants into
slavery.” The Africans fled from tho
coast, and sought refuge in the interior.
1 but the Europeans still pursued them;
“they entered their rivers—sailed up in
to the heart of their country—surprised
them in their recesses, and carried them
into slavery,” &c.
Ut course, the 111010 accessible settle
ments were soon depopulated, and the
next step was to make permanent settle
ments on the coast, and by treaties with
the barbarous Kings, provide for a reg
ular supply. They stipulated to receive
“convicts and prisoneis of war” in ex
change for such aiticles as best suited
the taste6 of this savage and barbarous
people. In pursuance of this policy,the
Portuguese first settled Elmitia, oil the
Gold coast, in 1481.
With such a people, it required but
iittllc gift of prophecy to foresee the re
sult. “Wars were made, not as former
ly, from motives of retaliation and de
fense, but fbr the sake of obtaining pris
oners nlone. When a European ship
came in sight, this was considered a
motive for war, and a signal for the com
mencement of hostilities.”
All pietext of adhering to the motives
contained in tho treaties was soon lost
:-ight of, and marauding
in urns
supplj
importing States alone, but the whole
Union. Tho evils of having slaves was
experienced during the late war.’’
It will be seen from these sentiments,
and others still stronger, that the feel
ing against tbe trade ran into an abstract
opposition to slavery itself, and that
sentiment continued to gTow, during tbe
whole time tbe trade continued, and un
til the effects of it bega n to ware off.—
In 1832, there was confessedly a ma
jority against tbe institution in Virginia;
and tbe same was probably true of Ken
tuclcy. and some other slave S.atee.—
About that time, tbe leading journal in
Virginia exclaimed. “We know not
wliat shall be done; but, O, God! some
thing should be done.’’ Notwithstand
ing tbe great practical difficulties, abo
lition was lost in a convention" by a very
small majority. Nov/, what raised the
universal cry against slavery—endan
gering it even in the slave States?—
Omitting minor cases, it was—
1st. The revolting horrors of the slave
trade, with all its attendant cruelties.
2d. The cruel and rigetons treatment
of slaves iu this jOuutry, whiclf' very
naturally attended continued importa
tion .
3d. The oppressive injustice to the
laboring classes of the free white race,
which were kept out, or driven out of
the slave States, by this forced impor-
tion of savage laborers from another
continent.
The first cause was manifested by tTie
disclosure, that on an average annual
importation for six years, of one hundred
aud four thousand slaves, twenty five
thousand were destroyed from the time
captured till delivered in America, and
twenty thousand more in the “Season
ing”—say forty-five thousand, out of
one httmUed and four thousand, or more
than forty-two per cent; and all this
human butchery ut der trials of torture
and prolonged suffering, absolutely
shocking.* This brutal and barbarous
spectacle, so offensive to a moral and
Cltnstain community, was of course re
moved by a repeal of the laws by which
it was sanctioned. To sustain the sec
ond cause, we have only to refer to the
barbarous and cruel laws for the pun
ishment ot slaves, passed by slave
States during the con’inuance of the
trade, and to our own recollection of
the treatment of slaves in past times,
and its progressive amelioration since
the abolition of the trade. When we
recollect the treatment of slaves thirty
1 or forty years ago, and con.pare it with
their treatment now, we feel that we
have been dreaming. Does any one
that if slaves ini l always m*e,i
slipp
treat 1
i tie
- SUtTOtll
unl tiie
Prcr, irrd frou a Prescription of Sir J. Clarke M
!>., IV ton Extraordinary to iJtc Queen.
I ins »1-111.11 ow n moiticine is no iinpnniiioii.bnt n
Mire iinil H.iie reined}- for Female Difficulties ni.il
obstructions from any rniisc whatever: ami nl
though a powerful remedy, they contain nothing
hurtful to tiie constitution.
To .Hurried l.mlirs
It U peculiarly suited. It will, iu a slinrt time,
brim; on the monthly peiind with reguDrity.
Tuksk PHU hare never been knovu to foil xrhrrr llin ,ii»la ... • . _ , .
the directions on the'Zd juige of 1‘amplilct art veil n ’, Und which WC slept as Ollly
observed.
For lull particulars, get a pamphlet, free, c
authorized n-eiire will insur* a bottle, ccutaini.i
over hi) pills by tun: mail.
Solo Agent for the United States and Canada,
JOB MOSES, Rochester, N. Y.
Sold in Athens, by O. W. Jt H. It. J. LON (» and
all rcspectablo druggists. ‘Ap l Ft—wpiily/j
G eorgia, Clark coamr.-cnun of Ur
ilinary of said county.—Whereas, Samuel P.
Thurmond, Gunidian of John R. Norik, minor ot
Marcos D. North, deceased, is desirous of obtain-
cemed, appear at the regular term of this Court, to
be held 01. the -first Monday in September next, to
allow cauao why said Guardian should not be dis
missed from said guardianship.
A true copy from the Minutes of said Court, at a
regular Term thereof, held this 4th day of July,
185!*. ASA M. J AC K.SON, Ordinary.
July 7—10d.
men can sleep alter such exertion. We
had coffee and plenty of provisions. It
was oulv. about four in the evening that
the rciufut cements came up, aud they!
have been arriving ever since.
Jackson Democracy, HteiUioo!
Tbe Democrats <n Jackson com,ty,
are requested to meet in Jefferson on
Wednesday the 26th July, for tbe pur
pose of making such arrangements as
may be necessary to securo a Demo
cratic representation in the next Legis
lature. it is hoped that every Demo
crat in the comity will be present and
aid in the consultation.
MANY DEMOCRATS.
Jed .and j
vretchhd j
. u. . >» vie seized as they were \
ci.|d.:g from the. flames Whole fam j
•s, fathers, brothers, husbands, wives, I
and children, were instantly 'driven iu
chains to the merchants, and consigned
to slavery,” &c.
Previous to the commencement of the
trade, but little was known of Western
Africa; and of tho remote interior,
nothing at all. From the earliest ac
counts wc have of the inhabitants—
though exhibiting tho barbarous man
ners and superstitions usually found
among uni-ulii«»l®<l heathens, they
were as inoffensive and hospitable as
savages usually are, and so continued
until their manners have been inflttenc
eil and corrupted by tho foreign slave
trade.
Thus, the African slave trade com
menced by the Portuguese, was soon
prosecuted by Spain, England, and
other nations, but most extensively by
those nations having colonies in the West
Indies,and other tropical climates of
America. It was nev«r considered iPe-
gal by the laws of nations. As a sover
eign right, it had never been seriously
questioned ; and it continued with little
interruption for more than threi hundred
years before the adoption of our Feder
al Constitution.
'l'lie operations of the trade, and its
attendant cruelties, were relieved from
close scrutiny by several circumstances
attending its introduction and continu
ance. It was commenced in the name
of religion, and in professed obedience
to the divine command to propagate the
Gospel- Large interests were also en
gaged in and dependent upon it, and its
abuses were far removed front the eyes
of those not immediately and closely in
terested in the traffic. As a historical
fact,! owever, we know that in the latter
part of the eighteenth contnry, the whole
Christian world was aroused in opposi
tion to tiie slave trade. Societies were
formed in this country and England—
nuittev was taised, and perhaps history
affords no similar example of sacrifice,
without tin hope of reward, and against a
heavy pecuniary interest. Millions of
miles were traveled, and it.illior.s of
money raised and expended in a cause
which, if successful, could only be re
warded hv 'be. uiutnph of humanity,and
j that at a -sacrifice to the nation of a
heavy commercial interest. Tiie strug
gle was king and.arduous in England,
whilst in unanimity of set tiincut and
materia^ progress this enuutry was far
ahead of England. InEngland there was
a powetful opposition, both in and out
of Parliament ; and in Liverpool and
Bristol any effort to take testimony for
Parliament, was opposed by riots and
mobs. In this country, the people of
every section were almost unanimous ;
ami if the trade was not immediately
abolished, in was only in deference to
the peculiar position of two of tho
States, which had lost many of their
slaves in the Revolution.
We, everywhere in tho debates, find
the strongest opposition to this traffic,
without regard to section. Some ot the
ablest numbers from the slave States,
refused to sign the Constitution, and oth
ers opposed it iu the §J.ate Conventions,
because the abolition was not immediate.
Tim North Carolina delegates actually
deemed iti necessary to apologise for
per-inuring t!>- trade to continue, twenty
v ear? in' : Gc*Vrkh'cc the wants and
I.-find th:
-nl again
Tent tv e
r- 1 . : v
ueo] r>>•.»1 e: 1 religions sou
the imititution which intr
isteii it: time j-.-ist — even
States, but which has been gradually
wealing off, as the condition ot tiie slave
has improved since the abolition of the
trade/ Slaves arc now treated like
human beings—partly from sympathy,
partly from interest. They are raise 1
among us—speak our language—irniiato
our manners— pr .less the same religion
—and thetefore enlist our >y mp&thies.
Our interest is also concerned, for no
cruel calculator will find it to his inter
est to shorten the life of the slave by
hard work and short allowance, when
be ramiot i-ojiiftes him witb cbe.-»p ul.\vo~
from Africa. This strong religious seu-
timan t. once so dangerous to the insti
tution in the slave States, has been
greatly appeased, if not etiii.ely remov
ed, by the improved treatment of the
slave, and this improved treatment may
national resources, which European na
tions cannot understand. It adds value
and variety to our exports ; nurtures
our manufactures, by increasing and
cheapening the material at home and
sustains our marine by giving employ
ment to our shipping. It is in, truth,
the mainspring of that foreign commerce
which whitens every sea; and our trade
with foreign nations' would be much
reduced without it.
Acknowledging all this, our ancestors
thought we bad slaves enough—for seed
— -and they were right.
From five hundred and twenty thous
and, when the Constitution was framed,
we have very nearly five millions, or
more than double the white population
at the same period.- All tbe slave States
have territory adapted to a heavy white
population ; but, as by the timely abo
lition of the trade, slave labor has be
came native labor, atid like white labor,
subject only to natural increase. The
two varieties of labor have harmonious
ly incorporated, and appropriated to
those purposes and employments, to
which they are best adapted.
AH are uow employed,- or may be ;
and all ave comparatively satisfied and
contented. Turn loose the riff raff of
Africa upon them, to usurp their em
ployments, and take the bread from
their moiiths, by an unatural competi
tion with a cheap, degraded labor, and
by restoring tho causes, you will restore
that discontent which once contributed
to place the institution on the verge of
destruction.
I have thus given the reasons which
have brought me to the conclusion that
the present comparative security and
strengthening condition of the institu
tion of slavery is owing mainly, if not
entiidy, to the wise and timely aboli
tion of the slave trade.
If the revival of the slave trade were
a political question, a great many more
inteiesting considerations might be con
nected with its discussion. But no one
expects tho law repealed ; and those
engaged, or wishing to engage in the
trade, do not wish it. They wish only
to break the force of public opiuion,
that they may, by tho prejudices or
perjury of juries, continue the trade
against law---thero.by realising enormous
profits by restricted competition. Make
the trade legal, and the North would
drive them from the market in less than
six months. Whatever the object or
motive of tho agitation, all good citizens
must admit, that the ostentatious-viola
tion of the laws, both State and Fed
etal, is extremely discreditable to the
South, and should be discountenanced
by every good citizeu, who lias aiiy re
gard for the laws and Constitution of
Madison.
P VC; 4
fled
us country.
I ITftssiug Niagara Falls ou a Tight
Rope.
j Mods. Blondiri. a gyninaet, is making
i preparations to walk over Niagara Falls
j on a tight-rope to be erected about one
hundred aud fifty feet abovo the water,
rocks, &c. The distance to be travel
led 01 this rope is about one thousand
one hundred leet. The exploit is ad
vertised to take place on Thursday June
30th. The Niagara falls Gazette of
Friday has the following iu reference
to the preparations :
“Mons. Bbrndit. performed one of the
most daring featu on record yesterday
afternoon. With several others, lie
was engaged in putting across the large
cable upon which he is to cross the riv
er. ’l'lie cud of the cable was fastened
to the end of the seven-eights inch rope
(already across) on the American side
be mainly attributed to the abolition of \ and machinery attached to the other
Market is heavy. c 0 "''T‘ty MoneV
at 92* a 92*. S ° la ^
General Intelligence -.v
been besieged by the Allies ntua has
The Austrian headquarters v
been removed to Villa Franca •
xne Austrians issued at Mant,
forced paper currency to the !^**
Of $5,000,000. y am °uut
Victor Emanuel has official!* j
clared that he drill not consent £ ^
•annexation of any part of the P (fte
States to Sardinia. Ionian
The Austrians have abandoned!^
Castiglione and Monfechiaro, which??
sitions they tecentlv occur*. 1 -P 0-
force, and had strongly fortified* ^
Lours Napoleon left BrcJcia „
20th, to advance upon' the Aim ■
The Allies had occupied Brescia ^
Many other Italian'cities have „
nouncet] in (aror of Ihe IfWfSj
Gen. Garibaldi marched on the
towards Desengans, but Was repulse'
by the Austrians. I[ e has now P uJ
US outposts to Balladone in the
lion of Bardio, which is occupied b -:"
Austrians. 1
Victor Emanuel has refused tl.
tutorship offered by Bologna
The Austrian official account of,!
loss at tbe B tile of Magenta
63 officers and f ,?00 so/*
218 officers and4130 soW
and 4000 missing.
The Pacha of Egypt has suspend*
work on the Suez Canal, the V ':.]>■
protesting against it. France
ken the matter up.
Arrival 6f the Bavaria.
New York, July 2.—The
Bavaria has arrived 1 with Lond-.n
pers to (he 18th June.
The latest intelligence from T.
was to Friday the 17th. It \va> ■
cially communicated on tbe dav •>
vious that the headquarters of t j w y,
peror Napoleon was' at Cora 0 n vVl
road from Bergaffto to Cremcm.
The King of Sardinia was at Casta
nole.
Several of the Papal States had pre
nounced in favor of the national caus,
Ten thousand Tuscan troops ti
joined Prince Nirpoleon’s division.
Berne, Friday, June 17.—A tele
graph from Coixe, announces that nu
merous Austrian corps had arriteJ in
Valteilme,- and were marching ton ids
Tirana.
The Paris Bourse on Fridsij v*
flat and had declined | to A.
Speech of the IIon*. Henry R
Jackson.—We publish to^iny the elo
quent speech of the lien/ Henry R
Jackson, of Georgia, before the Pen-
oeratre State Convention recently as
setnbled at Mil edgeville. We ha>,
never met with a more concise, eloquet
and triumphant vindication of a pubis,
man. It effect at the time of its deliv
ery is represented by all who beard #
as electric and overwhelming, bdetlf
we do not see bow any southern mat
and especially any southern Democn
could have resisted the array of far
which the distinguished speaker t
powerfully grouped together. V
commend its perusal to our readers:
every section of the Union.— Hark ]
Ion Constitution, June 29.
the slave trade,
The third cause lias not been the
most conspicuous; but it has been the
most threatening of all tho dangers iu-
numerated. Perhaps** nineteen twen
tieths of the human race live by labor.
Where land is appropriated, and seper-
ate property secured, it is always a vety
large class ; and even in the slave States
is much the largest class of the white
race. It constitutes tho strength and
security of every community ; and it is
the part of wisdom, ns veil"as justice,
to consider its interest, and respect its
rights. As communities grow older,the
natural tendency of increased population
is to overstock the labor market and
reduce the price. This cannot be avoid
ed, and will not be complained of. But
we can avoid, and should avoid a forced
and unnatural importation and deten
tion ot hordes of barbarians from anoth
er continent, who, whilst they drive out,
or starve out the native laborer, endan
gcr, in various ways, every class of the
community. This evil was checked by
the aboli'ion of tho slave trade, and we
hear no more threatening demonstra
tions, by the fiee laborers of Virginia—
no more doubt expressed about East
Tennessee or Kentucky—no more ap
prehensions expressed by our own poli
ticians, that the* wheat growers of Chero
kee’ were not reliable upon the subject
of slavery.
For the origin of African slavery, we
ate not responsible—right or wrong,we
arc not called on to discuss it. Good
sometimes grows out of evil, and a thing
utay be good in simple sufficiency, but
iciotts in excess. When slavery was
introduced into the Southern States, it
interfered with no interest, and benefit-
ted all. By powerful tribes of Indians,
our settlements were confined to tl e
miasmatic coast, which could not be
developed by white labor alone Con
sidcredasaneconomical question, slavery
has bceu a great blessing to the whole
Union; aud connected with the free
dom of international commerce, secured
by the Constitution, has contributed
largely to that wonderful growth ot our
end of the latter on the Canada side —
The small rope was used to draw the
large one over. When the large cable
had been drawn within two hundred
feet of the bank it was feared the small
rope would not prove strong enough to
take it to land. Had the rope broken
all the previous labor in getting the first
one across would have been thrown
away. In this dilemma Mons. Blondiu
attached a cord to his body and went
out on the small rope the distance above
named, and, after attaching atiother to
the cable, desceuJed on a slack-ropc to
the top of a tree which grows from near
tbe waters edgo. All this was done
with tbe agility* of a squirrel and with
no apparent fear. Tho cable was then
landed and made secure. During the
performance of this hazardous teat a
large number of spectators looked on in
utter amazement. The performance is
thought by those who saw it to be fully
as difficult, and attended with quite as
much danger, as to walk across on the
large cable. Those who witnessed it
and have been more or less sceptical
uow give up. 'They have no doXibt of
his ability to walk from bauk to bank—
eleven hundred feet.
“Hundreds of people daily visit the
grounds at each ettd of the cable to wit
ness the progress off the work. The
gttys are now being fastened. To do
this Mons B, has to go out on the cable
to the places lie wishes to attach to his
guys. This is off itself a daring opera
tion and well worth seeing. The whole
will be ready this week. The crossiug
will take place, as we have before sta
ted, on Thursday uext, the 30th inst. r
MONETARY.
The following is a list o( the Banff
Bills are received by ths Banks in A |Wti
CORRECTED WEEKLY.
Ranks of Georgia.
Bank of tbe Slate of Georgia;
Bank of Athens ;
Augusta Ins. & Banking Co.;
Bank of Augusta ;
Ban k of Columhus ;
Bank of Commerce;
Bank of Middle Georgia ;
Bank ofSavannah;
Central It. It. Bank ; .
City Bank ;
Georgia It. ltoail Bank ;
Marine Bank;
Mechanics Bank; 1
Mechanics Saving Bank ;
Merchants & Planters Bank;
Planters Bank ;
Union Bank ;
All of the South Carolina Banks.
Persons not f,unitin' with hank no : <- =
better refbse ail §vU) bilks of Rank - 11-
burg.
ToiionUarkci.
AtiOcns, Jjly (I.—9- o’clock, a. in.--
ces 7 to 10$, Dull.
Later from Europe.
ARRIVAL OF TUE VANDERBILT.
New York, July 3.—The steamship
Vanderbilt, Capt. Lefevre, from Havre
via Southampton, with dates from Liv
erpool to June 22, has arrived.
Liverpool Colton Market, June 22.—
The sales of Cotton for the three days
sum up 17,000 bales, of which specu
lators and exporters took 1600 bales.
1 he market closed quiet, and quotations
wishes i'VJStwUr Carolina and Georgia.
Wc friR 7 t'>fti!)!y struck with the do
ciueu |ic1hj“,w that djy,.t>y the strong
language used by some of the most dis*
tingnislied men from the slavo States,
The following is a specimen by Mr. Ma
son, of Virginia:
••This infernal traffic originated in the
avarice of British merchants The Brit
ish Government constantly checked the
efforts of Virginia to put a stop to it.—
The present question concerns, not the
This, too, be it remembered by those were barely maintained. Clare & Sons
“ J ‘ Circular quotes Middling Orleans 6Jd;
Middling Uplands 6§d, closing with a
declining tendency.
I he accounts from Manchester are
favorable.
1 he harvest prospects are good, aud
the weather fine for tbe crops.
Liverpool General .Markets.—Flour is
very dull and finely offered at 10s 6d a
13s 6d. ' Wheat is quiet, with a specu
lative iWli-ng for French at 1 a 2d ad
vance. Corn is quiet and Mixed quo
ted at 6s a 6s 3d ; Yellow, 6s Id a 6s
6d ; White, 8s a 8s 6d. Beet is heavy
and prices are nominal. Pork is dull
and prices easier but unchanged. Ba
con is dull. Rosin is dull at 4s. Su
gar is firm, and all grades have slight
ly advanced. Coffee is quiet. “
and Turpentine are dull.
who ate “ for legalising the trade with
humane regulations ” was when the trade
was legal. As to regulations, you might as
well undertake to regulate the Gulf -tream ;
what better could be dene in ibis way, than
was attempted by the bill of the humane t>u
Wat. Dobbins, passed in July, i7.->0—re
gulating and limiting the number of slaves
by the lounge of the ship 1 This humane
bill did no good, of course. The slaves
cannot inform or testily, and any other in-
ternteddler will be mobbed. Liverpool and
Bristol gave us lessons enough on this head
Persons habitually engaged in the torcign
slave trade, and familiar with its horrors,
cate tor no law, and seem to become dead
to every human sentiment j look at the
captain and crew of the Echo—revelling in
a champaigne frolic in the Gulf, whilst the
sharks were actually following in the wake
of the ship to crunch up the dead bodies
daily thrown overboard after a cruel and
lingering death. They would seem almost
to lose sight of the aperies to which they
belong.
PRICES CURL1ENI
Corrected Weekly by T Bishops- (!
ATHENS, Jll.V 6.185'
Bagging, gunny, per yard, to r! - w
Bale Hope, to cents per lb. 1
Bagging-twine, to cts. per lb {.
BaGON.—Hams, 12 to 13;
14; and Shoulders 10 to 11 cents per-" .]
Beeswax. 25 to 30 cts per b.
Butter, 12A to 45 cts per Ib.
CANDLES.—Adamantine ,n •"
Sperm, 45 to 50cts pr Ib.
Cliee6e, to et9 per H»-
COFFER—ltio, l'E to U'r -
to 16 ; and Java, 20 to 22 cents per »>•
Copperas, 3 to 5 cts per
Casiinjrs 5 to 6 cts, per, >
DOMESTIC GOODS.-Yarns,pr b x
*110 to *M0; i
cts; * Shirtings, Hto 10 ci . S r , (
9 t„ 11; and Osnabnrgs 11 to 1-Jcts pe .
Feathers, 35 to 45ets p»r >b.
Flour per bbl, $6 OOto^OO #
GRAIN.—Corn, per bushel 9° t0 *
Wheat, 100 to U0 ; and Oats o0
Indigo, $1 25 lo $1 3/. t0 g tf
IKON.—English, perR U i oSc ,
Swede, common sraes* per
Lard. 13 to 15 cts pet lb
leather—Oak Sole, per lo 30 to
Hemlock Sole 30 to 30 per Ib.
Madder, 20 to 25 cts per Ib
t Meal 95 cents to $100 per bush_
Molasses 35 to 37$ cents per gat-
Nails, $5 50 to $5 75 per keg
' atoo to $1 I*
and train to
Rice
Nails, So OU to TO to r rtf
OIL—Linseed, $100 to *1 1 P gp »
Lamp, l 20 to §150; and train <o i
Rice, 6 to 7 ct per Ib. perM^
Salt, per bushel, 60 to GOcen
$i 40 to l 50 n a jo y
STEEL—Blistered, vex b. » ^ pH
uerman, 14 to 15 cts; La. , eW rf!
SUGAR—Crushed, 13 .
Clarified 12 to 13: Refined 11$
N. O. 9 to II
Tallow, 10 to 12$ ets per im
Tea, per Ib 75> to $t 25*
White Lead, per keg, $2 50• t *
Wool, 25 to 30 cents per