Newspaper Page Text
|CONCLUDED PROM FIRST PAGK.|
point of the bayonet aa high aa the eye.
I uo mon m the rear rank will
take
earc to avoid touching uhe men in the
rank before them with their bayonetH.
Shoulder—Arms.—l it mo. Torn to
tins front ou the left linol, bring up th*-
right heel to the aide of, and in a line
with tbo left; and apting up. at the
a nine time, the piece with the riglu
hand to the left aliouider, placing tin
left hand under the hutt.
2d mo Let ti e right hand fall quick
ly to its laco.
LOADINGS.—Loac ik ten Times
—1. Load.—One time and two motions
— l>t. mo. Drop the piece by a quid
extension of the left arm ; seize i
with the right hand above and near tin
lower band; and at the same time cm
ry the right foot forward, the lieei
against the hollow of the left foot.
‘2d mo. Drop the piece with the
right hand along the left thigh; seize
it with the left h. ml above the right
and with the left ..mid let it descend It
the ground without shock, the piece
touching the left thigh and the muzzh
opposite the centre of the body; cam
the right hand quickly to the cartridge
box. and open it.
2. Handle—Cartridge.—One tiin.
and one motion.—Seize a cartriiiy
with a thumb ai.d the next two finye>-
and place it between the teeth.
3 Tear—Cartridge.—One time an<
one motion.—Tear the paper down it
the powder, hold the cartridge uptigh
between the thumb anti the next tut
lingo*near the top; in this positim.
place front of and near the muz-
font,
time
*» : I.,
.f the
ortlei
zle, *. ’ j-k of the hand to
4. «-ge—Cartridge.—•
and otu motion.—Fix the t >*•
muzz! • turn quickly llieb.t:,,
right hand towards the both, in
to disci; rge the powder in.o the barrel;
raise the elbow to the height of tht
wrist,*shake the cartridge, force it ini*•
the muzzle, and leave the hand revers
ed, the fingers closed but not clenched.
5. Draw—Hammer.—One time and
three motions.—1st mo. Drop, quick
ly, the right elbow, and seize the ram
mer between the thumb and forefingei
bent, the other fingrrs shut; draw it
smartly; extending the arm, seize the
rammer again at the middle, between
the thumb and forefinger,the hand re
versed, the palm to the fiont, the nails
up, the eyes following the movement
ot the hand; clear the rammer from
the pipes by again extending the arm.
2d mo. Turn rapidly the rammei
between tie bayonet and the face,
closing the fingers, the tamraers of tht
rear tank grazing the right shoulders
of the men of the same file in front,
respectively, the rammer parralel to the
bayonet, the arm extended, the butt oi
the rammer opposite to the muzzle,
hut net vet inserted, the eyes fixed oi>
the muzzle.
6. Kam—Cartridge—One time ant!
me motion.—Extend the arm to its
full length to seize the rammer hetueei
the right thumb extended, an i the f.r*
finger bent, the oilier fingers eiostt.
with force ram home twice, anil set/,
the rammer at the little end, Lei we*
the thumb and forefinger hi tit, tin- o<
er fingers closed,the right elbow loin-
ing the body.
7. Return—Rammer.— One time an
ti tee motions. —1st mo. Draw htisk
the lammcr, re-seize it at the mitht •
between the thumb anil forefinger t.
hand reversed, the palm to the fin.
the nails up, the eyes following it
movement of the hand, clear the ran.
n -r from the barrel by extending tl.
arm.
zti mo. Turn rapidly the rammei in
tween the bayonet and the face, closi. .
the fingers, the rammets of the rt *
rank grazing the right shouldeis ol tl •
men in the satre file in front, respt ■
lively, the rammer parallel to the hay t
net, the arm extended, the little cm
if the rammer opposite the first pipt
but not yet inserted, the eyes fixed in
that pipe. •
3d mo. Insert the little end, an-
with the thumb, wl ich will follow tl.
movement, force it as low as the m tliti
band, raise quickly the hand a lir.t-
bt-nt, place the little finger on the bo
of the rammer, ami force it down
lower the left hand on the band t.
the counter plate (or S) almost turned
towatd the body, the rammer obliquely
to the left and front.
3d mo. Place the thumb on the head
of the hammer, the fingers under and
on the guard, the elbow at the height
•f the hand.
4th mo. Close the right elbow smart*
•y to the body in cocking; seize the
piece at the handle,let it descend along
<he body in the left hand to the tail
band. Which will remain at the height
••f the shoulder.
R ady. (From the position of
Prune.)—One time and one motion.—
Mate the thumb of the right hand on
•e hammer, (the fingers remaining un-
**r and against the guard,) cock the
pi re and seize the handle with the
nglit hand.
.'Jim. One time and one motion.—
Raise the b-itt to the shoulder; drop,
'inartly, the muzzle, the left hand re
naming at the tail ban I, support the
utt ogninsi the right shnuldei, the left
elbow down; shut the lelt eve, direct
be tight along the barrel, drop the
"* * , l upon the butt to catch the object,
■utd place the foie-finger on the trigger.
I he rear rank will, at the ame time,
arry 1 lie right foot ,-tbiiui eight incites
• ■wards the left heel of the next on the
•gbf.
Hire.—One lime ami one motion.—
\p ly ihe f.ire-finger with force to the
'ig p-r, without further lowering or
inning the .*ier:d, and remain in that
position.
Load. (From the position of Fire.)
One time and two motions.—1st mo
Hring back the piece quickly with both
amis, depress the butt strongly by cx-
onding the right aim, and carry it,
with the arm thus extended, to the'left
side, the barrel to the front and oppo
site t-> the left shoulder, the left hand
•I the height of the c hin, the back of
the hand to the front, the left foie ar:n
touching the stock; at the same time
face to the front and carry the tight
oot forw ard, the heel agaiust the hoi
low of the left foot.
2d mo. Let go the handle with the
light hand, let the piece descend thro’
'.lie left to the ground, without shock,
and take the position of the second
motion of Load, when loading in ten
imes.
Shoulder—.4/ms. (From the Fire.)
One time and two motions.—1st mo-
Bring back the piece with both hands,
.ace to the front, carry the piece against
he left shoulder, and place the left
Hand under the butt.
2d mo. Let tall smartly the right
Hand in its position—at shoulder arms.
After the word ready and aim is gi
ven, if it is desired to bring the mus
ket to the shoulder without firing, the
order will be as follows:
Recovei-^rwis.—One time and mo-
ion—Withdraw the finger from the
rigger, throw up smartly the muzzle,
• ml retake the position of the fourth
motion of Ready.
Siiotihler-y/cwis. (From the Re-
over.)—One time and one motion.—
vt the word Shoulder, bring the piece
•> the middle ol the body, the left
.umb at the height of ihe chin, the
nle finger just above the lock ; next,
nice the thumb on the head of the
••miner, snpp rt the forefingei on the
linger, sustain at the same time the
a miner carefully in its descent to the
sition ot hall-cock, then seize the
■mole ot the piece with the tight hand.
• t the word Arms, carry; the piece
manly to the shoulder and take the
position of shoulder arms.
Load in Four Times—1. Load.—-
i-'.xecut ■ the first time of loading, han-
■ !<• cartridge, tear cartridge, charge.
Two—Draw rammer, enter it as far
s the hand, *no ram twice.
Flirt«—Return rammer, c;:st about
>•! prime.
Four—Ex-cute the tenth
tic
sing
«
two '
hand
again,
•cut of ihe arm, without depres-
dioulder.
-t—About.—One r.e am
nms.— 1st mo. Wi i t‘:c !ei
ring up the piece v>.:ically
the left shoulder, seize it smart
ly with the right hand at the handle,
and *Ii- *i the left hand down os low as
the <5hin. • -.
Hu mo. Make a half face to tin
right on the left heel, bring the toe to
the Iront, place at the same lime the
right loot behind and at right angles
with the left, the hollow of the right
foot against the left heel; carry the
piece opposite to the right shoulder;
bring down the piece with the right
hand into the left, which will seize it
at the tail bai d, the thumb extended
on the stock, the butt under the right
lore-arm, the handle again-1 the body,
and about two inches under the right
breast, the muzzle at the height of the
ey e, the left elbow supported against
•the side, the right hand grasping the
handle.
9. Prime.—Onetime and motion.—
Place the thumb of the right hand ou
the hammer (the fingers remaining un
der and against the guard,) and half-
cock the piece; brush off ine old cap,
ami with the thumb and first two fin-
geis of the tight hand take a cap from
the pouch, place it firmly on the cone
by pushing it clown with the thumb,
and seize the piece at the handle.
10. Shoulder-J.row—One tin earn!
two motions.—1st mo. Face to tl*e
front by turning on the left heel, bring
up the right by the side of rite left heel,
at the same time bring the piece brisk
ly with the right hand to the lelt shoul
der, ami place the left hand unuer the
butt.
2d mo. Let fall smatily the right
hand into its position al shoulder arms.
Ready.—(Fiom the position of Shoul
der Arms.)—One time and four mo
tions.—Turn ihe piece with the left
band, the lock to the front, seizt-it at
the handle with the right hand, and
turn the left toe a little to the front, at
the same time place the hollow of the
light loot against the heel of the left.
2d mo. Bring the piece, with the
right hand, to the middle ol the body;
place the left band, the little finger just
above U.e lock, ihe thumb extended
on the stock at the height of the chin,
time of
o idiug.
To Load at Will—Jaw t at Will—
•Mil—Exec..te tin* loading as in four
■••os, hut will.out resting on the times
Note.—!•' the s Idler tie at the
• oiiy from Shnu'drr dll ms, the since
uimands and menus will be used in
ir. ing from this position to that ol
boulder Jlrnus, as were pi escribed in
< oming to the alter from tue Reenter ;
■ot it lie be at the Ready, from the po
rtion ot Prime, when the command
"Shoulder Jlnnx ’ is given,’ he will at
me word Shoulder, sup.ioit the piece
thinly with the left hand, half-cock, as
.as been explained, and seize .the
..iece at the handle with the right
Hand. At the word Jlrms, face to the
trout and complete the time.
Arms, with percussion locks, re
quire to be handled with much care to
;>reventthe hammer (cock) from be
coming loose, by which its direct fall
on the cone (nipple) would be render
ed uncertain.
When unloaded they will, at all
times, be used with the liammet down
upon the cone ; hut when loaded, and
the cap or primer being on the cone,
the piece will be carried half-cocked
tor safety. When there is no cap on
the cone, the vent will be closed, with
the hammer resting upon it.
Shoulder—Arms.—Throw up the
piece to the shoulder with the left
hand, seizing it at the small-stock with
the right, and complete the motion of
shouldering arms.
Unfix—Bayonet.—1st mo. Sink
down the musket by stretching the
left arm, and grasp it, at the same time,
with the right hand above, and near
the tail band.
2d mo. With the right hand let down
the piece along the left thigh to the
ground , seize it with the left hand
placed above the right, Itngthcn out
the left arm, cany the tight hand, to
the bayonet, seize.it at the socket and
>hank, >o that the lower end of the
socket may be about an inch below
the heel ol the palm, and that, in strik
ing nti the bay onet, the thumb may be
extended on the blade.
3d mo- Strike off the bayonet with
the right hand, returning it into the
scabbatd, place the right little finger on
the hutt ol the rammer, lower the hand
along the i arrel, extending the arm,
hut without depressing the shoulder.
Shoulder—Arms.— 1st. mo. Raise
the piece with the left hand along the
left side, the left hand as high as the
shouldet, ami the left elbow not parted
from the body, keeping the bartel out-
watd, and sink down the right hand
in order to seize the piece at the small-
stock.
2d mo. Raise the piece with the
- ‘mg*
right hand, drop the left, placing it un
der the butt; carry back the right heel
to the sde of the left, and in the same
alignment; support the piece against
the left shoulder with the right band,
in the position of shoulder arms; the
right hand resting oil the piece.
3d mo. Let the right hand fall to
the right thigh.
Secure—Arms.—1st. mo. Grasp
smartly the piece with the right hand,
the thumb against the counterplate, op
posite to the lock, and the fore-finger
against the cock; detach, at the same
time, the piece from the shoulder,
keeping the barrel outward; seize it
with the left hand at the tail-band, the
thumb extending along the rammer,
the piece perpendicular opposite to the
shoulder, aud the left elbow lying flat
cn the piece.
2d mo. Invert the piece, turning
the butt backward, under the left atm,
the lelt hand remaining at the tail-
band, the thumb pressing against the
rammer, to prevent its sliding out, the
little finger supported against the
haunch, and the right hand falling, at
the same time, into its position at the
right side.
.Shoulder—Arms.—1st mo. Raise
ur> the piece to the shoulder, but not
too suddenly, lest the rammer should
b ? projected from its pipes ; seize it
with the right hand, at the small-stock,
t< support it against the shoulder, and
quit the hold of the left hand, and at
ti e same time placing it, smartly, un
der the butt.
2*1 mo. Let the right hand fall quick
ly into its position, sinking, at the same
time, the piece with the left hand to
the proper position of shouldered arms.
Fix—Bay onet.—1st and 2d mos —
Done as in executing the first and se
cond motions of unfixing bayonets, ex-
wpting that at the end of the second
motion the right hand shall seize the
«ccket of the bayonet, so that the low
er end of the socket shall extend about
ar inch above the heel of the palm.
3d mo. Draw the bayonet from the
scabbard, carry, and fix it, smartly, at
the muzzle ; the right little finger on
th 2 butt of the rammer.
Shou'der—Arms.—As explained af
ter the third movement of t nfixing bay
onets.
Trail—Arms.—1st mo. Done as in
executing the first movement of order
ing arms.
2d mo. Incline forward a little the
muzzle of the piece, the butt towards
the rear, and about three inches from
the ground. The right hand being
supported against the hip will steady
! the piece in such a manner that the
! bayonets of the men of the rear rank
i wi 1 not touch those who are before
th(m.
Shoulder—Arras.—At the word
Shoulder, throw hack the muzzle, and
forward the butt, so that the piece
I may be perpendicular in the right
I hand. At the word Arms, execute
| what has been directed in shouldering,
from ordered arms.
To the right Should v, shift—Arms.
—Turn the piece with the left hand,
the lock forward, seizing it, at the same
time, with the right hand at the small-
stock, place it on the right shoulder,
the left hand on the butt, the cock
abc ve and resting on the shoulder, the
muzzle up; keep the piece in this po
sition by placing the right hand on the
flat ot the hutt, so that the toe of the
butt rests between the first two fingers,
the other two on the butt-plate; let fall
the lelt hand by the side.
Shoulder—Arms.—Raise the piece
by extending the right arm, seizing it
at the sa ne time, with the left hand
above the lock, and carry it to the left
sho jliler, turning the barrel to the front,
the right hand on the handle; pul the
left hand under the butt, and drop the
right in into its position.
.■irms—At Will.—Carry the piece,
indifferently, on either shoulder, with
one or both hands, the barrel in the
| air.
; Shoulder—Arms.—Resume quickly
| the position of shouldered arms.
Inspection of Arms.—The recruits
being at ordered arms, and the bayo
net in the scabbard, to cause an in-
spei tion of arms, the command is giv-
into tbo barrel), as ha8 been described
above, and immediately afterward face
to the front.
The instructor wishes to satisfy him
self whether or not tho piece is loaded,
for which purpose be can, to ascertain
this, lay hold of the small end of the
rammer, and spring it in the barrel), or
cause each recruit to do it.
The recruits shall return rammers
successively, after the inspector passes
them, assuming the original front
To Stack—Arms.—The squad being
in two ranks, and at ordered aims, the
command is given,
Stack—Arms.—At this command,
the man in tho front rank of every even
numbered file puts bis piece before him.
seizes it above the middle tail hand
with the left hand, placing, at the same
time the butt near and behind the right
foot of the mat near the left, the bar-
rpl toward the front. At the same
time the man in the front rank of every
odd nr. inhered file puts his piece before
him, seizes it with l.is left hand a little
below the middle tail band, handing it
to the man next to the left ; the latter
receives it with the right hand abo-it
two inches above the middlo tail band,
throwing the butt about thirty-two in
ches to tho front, and opposite to his
right shoulder; he inclines the muz
zle towards him looking the shanks
of the two boyneis, tho lock of the sec
ond piece toward tho right, and its
shank above that of the first peice.—
l'he man in the rear rank of every even
numdered file projects his bayonet for
ward, introducing it between and. under
the shanks of the two other bayonets.
He then gives over the piece to his fit
to fire : the men of the rear rank ready
to aim to the left of the men at the same
file in front, and in au oblique direc
tion.
At the command Aim. the men
of the front rank shall direct their
pieces t<r the right without deranging
the position of their feet. The men in
the rear rank shall advance the left
foot about six inches, and toward the
point of the right foot of the front rank
«>t the files they respectively belong to,
advancing the body a little by bending
tho left knee. They shall direct their
pieces to the right.
At tho word Load, both ranks shall
throw back their pieces, in the oblique
position in which they range, and shall
load in that position ; the rear rank of
men shall carry back tho left foot, pla
cing the heel against the buckle < f the
right foot ; and in casting round both
ranks shall tako their position as in the
case of the direct fire.
The F'irc by File—1. Fire by file
2. Squad. 3, Ready. 4. Commeuce
Firing.
At the third command, both ranks
shall take tho position prescribed for
the direct a..d oblique tires.
At the command Commence Firing,the
right tile aims and fires, the men in the
fiont and rear rank at the same time ;
the next file aimsat the moment the first
has tiled, and so on successively to the
left; after the first firo the men load
aud fire without wiating for the orders.
All men shall always front iu casting
about, and alter having returned ram
mer, bring up tht-ir pieces by the left
hand, placing them above tlie lock, and
at the bight of the chin. At tho same
leader, who takes ft undci the middle 1 time they will half taco to the right, in
band with the right hand brings the ! order to take the position of Ready,
butt to tho front, and holding up his j To arrest the Fire—When the firing
own piece and the stack with his left j shall cease, tlie command is given,
hand, plnces the butt of this third be- ! Roll.—Ou hearing this, tho soldeirs
tween the feet of the man to the right, i will cease firing. Each man will half
the counter plate to the rear. After cock, if cocked ; will load, if unloaded;
the stack is thus formed, the man ot
every odd numbered iilo in tho rear
rank, places his piece in his left baud,
the barrel toward the front, and sloping
tho bayonet forward, rests it on the
stack.
The command is then givon,
Break Ranks—March.—When tho
squad disperse.
To Resume Arms.—Tho squad re
forms in two ranks, after a signal, or
the order to fall in, and tho command
to resnmo arms is given.
Take—Arms.— At this command,
the man of every odd numbered file in
the rear rank takes his piece from the
and if loading, complete the operation;
after any of which circumstances, each
will shoulder arms.
To mark time.—Tho men marching
in ordinary time, and with the ordinary
stop, the command is given,
1. Mark Tima. 2. March.—At tho
second word, which shall bo given at
tho instant when the foot is coming lo
ground, the men shall without advan
cing, and at the samo time keeping the
cadence of tho time, bring back the
boels alternately to tho side of each
other, thus mi.king a semblance of
marching.
To resume i\ direct Step.—When
stack; the man of every even numbered , the ordinary step is to bo resumed, the
lllo in til A 1-Jn mill. on? 1- * • *_ « 1 ...•11 I . _ •
filo in the rear rank seizes bis piece at
the middle band with the right hand,
advances for this the right foot in the
hollow of the right heel of the man in
the samo file, before him, and these
two men raise now to tho stock to loosen
the shanks ; the man of every odd file
in the front rank receives bis piece from
commaud will be given.
1 Forward. 2. March —At the sec
ond word, which shall be given when
ouo of the feet in coming to the ground
the men shall resume tho step of twen
ty-eight inches.
To Change ti e Step.—To tho squad
marching in ordinary time, tho instruct-
the hand of the man next on the left, j or shall give the words,
and the four men retake the position of j 1. Change Step. 2. March. At
ordered arms. the second word, to be given when
3 he sergeants and corporals, in the eithei foot is coming to the ground, the
rauk of the file closers, rest their pieces j men shall quickly bring the foot iu the
against the stack nearest to them, after 1 icar, just raised irom the ground to the
ranks are broken, and retake their j side of that planted in front, which lat-
arms on the signal of reforming ranks, j ter foot shall step off.
Ihe color guard forms a separate j Alignments—The instructor shall
s,ac k- I instruct and exeicise the recruits in the
Observations Relative to the Manual j mode of d ressing. one by ot e. in order
"f Arms.—These exercises often distort j the better to make them comprehend
the position of the body of the recruit, j the principles of the alignment, or
when not, previously, perfectly estnb- j dressing; and for this purpose lie shall
libbed. The instructor should, there- ! order tho two men on the right flank to
fore, frequently recur to the elementary j step two paces to the front, aud having
principles of shoulder arms. j aligned them he shall cause each man
lie* ruits are also liable to throw the ; successively to move up into the line of
Inspection of Arms.—1st mo. Face
line2 quarters to the right, on the left
heel, carrying the right foot perpen
dicularly to the rear of the alignment,
six inches from, and forming a right
angle with a line on the left; seize the
piec> smartly, with the left hand rais
ed a aove the middle band, inclining
the muzzle to the rear, without moving
the hutt from its place, the ramrod be
ing turned toward the body; carty at
the tiame time, the right hand to the
baymet, seizing it by the socket and
shank in such a manner, that the ex
tremity of the socket may be an inch
above the root or heel of the hand, and
that, in drawing it, the thumb may ex
tend on the blade.
2d mo. Draw the bayonet from the
scabbard, carry it to the muzzle, and
fix it there; immediately seize-the
ramrod, drawing it as lias been de
scribed in loading in ten times; bring
it into the batrel, and let it glide to the
bottcraofit.
Si mo. Face hack immediately to
{Ihe f'out, seizing the piece with the
j right hand, and s-anding in the posi
tion if ordered arms.
The instructor will then inspect
successively the arms of each soldier,
by pi ssing in front of the rank. Each
soldier, as the inspector passes him,
shall raise or recover his piece smart
ly wi :h the right hand, and shall seize
it, with the left hand, between the tail
band and lock, the lock being outward,
the lift hand as high as the*chin, and
the cr usket opposite to the left eye;
the instructor shall take, and after
having inspected it, shall return it to
the soldier, who will take it back with
his ri »ht hand, and replace it in the
position of ordered arms.
’When the instructor shall have pass
ed by- the recruit, he shall, of his own
accord, return his ramrod, turning into
the position prescribed at commence
ment of inspection of arms,” after which
he slmll again resume bis original front.
If, ustead of inspecting arms, bay o
nets are only to be fixed, the inspector
shall ixunmand as follows:
Fix— Bayonet.—Assnme the position
descri ted, fix bayonets, a* Lax bi-en ex
plained, and front into the original
alignment. -
If, tifiter fixing bayonets, ramrods are
to be iipruug, the command is,
Spr ing—Rammer.—Put tho ramrod
body into a curved shape, at tlie reins
and the body too far back, especial}-
when the first n>< tion of loading is dwelt
"it too long. The instructor, on this
dressing of the two first
Each recruit, cn receiving the cau
tion from the instructor, to dress up
into the alignment, shall turn his head
account, ought not to retain them too j and eyes to the right, keeping his body-
long in this position. j in the position prescribed, march in the
Observations Re/atirc to the Load j cadence of the ordinary step two paces
i*g-—1 he instruatnr will remark, that : to the front, shortening the last step in
the soldiers who, without apparent hur i such a manner, ns tlint tins foot taking
ry, load with steadiness, are those who ! this second step, shall be six inches
load best and quickest; because they i behind the new alignment, when it
turn the ramrod without catching | cotncs to the ground; the new lino is
against, or intereferting with those of ; never to he pasced, so as to occasion
the men aside aud before them ; he- ; dressing hack ; the recruit shall stead-
cause they enter it, without frequent j ily, and without jerking forward, then
attempts, at ouce into tho muzzle, and j move by short steps tuto the line of
it» returning it into the trumpet pipe ; 1 dressing, keeping the hams stretched ;
because they ram home best; and be i and '■hall dress up to the man who
cause, finally, they do not let fall cart j stands next to him in the new align-
nges iu taking them from the cirtrage incut, without deranging tho position
box ; all essential objects, on which the ; of hie head, the line of his eyes, or
instructor must make tho recruits be : the squareness ot the shoulders; so as
stow the utmost attention, j to find himscll in the line of direction
The instructor shall exact regularity I of this man, whose eloow he is lightly
in the execution of the motious, ar *1 the to touch, without opening ont his own
pc.sitiena, without which the recruits-; Dressing by the left is conducted on the
will be under constraint and embarrass same principles.
each other. He will furnish them ot - When the recruita shall have learnt, thus.
the oud of some lessons, with cartriges j one b T one ’ 10 ali " n correcl, y. and without
filled with bran, or with saw dust, and I dre8 ? in ff backward and forward, and grop-
habituate them to prime and ram down i ,ns L ,n, ° ,t : e \ r s,lua ‘ ,on r » he instructor shall
... r ” “ uu luu * uu,rlJ | make a whole rank align at once, as fol-
. . . lows:
Ihe instructor will habituate the rc ! Right (or Left)—Dress —At this word,
emits by degrees to load with the ■ the whole rank, escepiing the two men
greatest possible promptness,each with
out regulating himself by his neighbor,
and without waiting for him.
Firings—1 hese are either direct or
oblique, and shall ho executed as will
be explained.
The Direct Firiugs^-Thvt is executed
as has been explsined in the manual of
arms, and by the following command':
1. Fire by squad. 2. Squad. 3.
Ready. 4. Aim. 5. Fire. 6. Load.
After the sixth command the men
shal- load aud sLoulde.*- arms.
The Oblique Fire■—Oblique firings
are executed to the right and left, by
the same words of command as tho di
rect fires, with this only difference that.
the word of commaud aim, shall her
preceded by the words Right (or Left)
Oblique, the caution following tbo word
Ready.
Position of the Ranks in the Oblique
FJrc to the Right.—At the commaud
Ready, both ranks exeento what is
prescribed for the fire direct.
At tho command Right Oblique,both
ranks throw back the right shoulder.
placed in front as a base lo dress on, shall
steadily move up, aud place themselves on
the new lino.
The instructor, situated five or six paces
in front of the rank, and facing toward
it, shall carefully obaervo that tho princi
ples aro adhered lo; and to verify this, he
shall, after that, proceed to the flank which
has served for a base to dress on, and see
ing the whole, nearly, of his rank dressed,
he will command—Front.
At his command . the recruits shall turn
the head to the aired position to the front,
resuming theii immovable posture.
Tho instructor observing that certain
files aro not dressed on the alignment, shall
dirset by its number from the rig -.t, such
file (fit such and such file) to dro-s up, or
back. The files alluded to only, imtne-
dia'ely casting the eyes to the flank dressed
to, to be enabled to judge how far it may
be necessary to move forward, or fall back,
shall steadily place them-elves on the line,
afterward replacing the head in Ihe direct
pee tion.
The instructor shall have previously,
numbered the files.
Dressing back is conducted on the same
principles; the recruits shall step back a
little beyond the line, and shall then move
p to it by taking small steps to the front,
by the comma nd, Right (or left) bueku-ard
and look at tho object at which they are
to fire, the men of the tear rank ready ; — Dress,
to fire through the samp opeuing as in 1 Tu March to the Front—A well trained
firing direct, although in an oblique ! ,na n '* placed outlie right or the left ol
direction. At the command Aim, the
men of the front rpnk shall direct tbeit
pieces to the right, without deranging
the position ot their feet. The men of
the rear rank shall advauco the left
foot about six inches, and toward the
point of the rigfct foot of the man of the
trout of tho files they respectively be
long to, advancing also the body a little
ty bending the lelt knee. They shall
direct their pieces to the right.
At the command Load both ranks
shall resume the positiou directed for
the direct fire; the rear rank shall draw
back the . left foot, placing the heel
against the buckle of the right foot,
when retiring the musket to the prim
ing position.
- Position of Rank in the Oblique fire
to the Lfft—At the command Ready,
described in thp case of a direct fire.
At the word Left Oblique, both ranks
shall throw back tbo left shoulder, and
look at the object at which they axe
the rank, according to the flank to whi -h
the leader may be ordered; the instructor
shall direct the man on the flank to match
exactly in the line traced out by the man
who precedes li'nt, keeping always at the
distance ol two pa-es from him.
1. Squad, forward. 2. Uuide left (or
right). 3. March.
At the wurd March, the rank steps off
quicklv with the left font. The guide
marching direct to the front, keeping his
shoulders always square to that line.
The instructor shall cause ihe following
rules to be observed :
To toech lightly the elbow of the man on
the side cn which the leader is ; not to open
out the left elbow, near the right arm ; to
vield and ease off, in consequence ot a
pressure coming from tho directing flank,
and to resis that coining from the opposite
aide; to retouch, very gently, and aa it were
insensibly, the elbow of'the man toward
the directing flank, in cate he should in
both ranks shall execute what has been c,iue off in ‘hat direction; or in case the
person vriabiog to resume the touch of the
elbow nray himself have opened out Irom
he leading flank; to keep alwaya the bead
direct to the front, the eyes fixed on the
ground, at tho distance of twelve or fifteen
paces in front, on whatever flank the guide
may be posted; if a man finds himself too
far advanced, or too much behind, he is
gradually to regain his situation, either by
insensibly lengthening or shortening his
•top.
In short, the imiraetor shall endeavor to
make the men comp rehend that the align
ment in marching cannot be preserved with
out the regularity of the step, the touch of
the elbowa, and the squareness of the
shoulders to the front; that if some took
longer steps than others, the resolt must
be a breaking of the ranks; that if the head
io held diiect«o the front without keeping
up the light touch of the elbow, it will be
impossible for them to judge whether or
nut they march in the same line with those
on their right and lelt, and whether or not
openings tako place
The instructor shall, after this, exercise
them in obliquing lo the right, with the
guide on tbe left; and in obliquing to Ihe
lelt, with the guide on the right.
Iu both, the oblique and the direct march
es. the touch of the elbow ought to he kept
up toward the flank where the guide is ;
and thus each man will touch, lightly, with
his own elbow, that ot the man next to him
in that direction.
The oblique inarch to the aide opposite
to that on whicu the guide is, being much
more difficult than that lo the side ho is on.
the instructor shall recommend to the men
to redouble their attention when obliquing
in Kuch direction.
The Quick Step.—The length of the step
shell be the same as that of the ordinary
step, but one hundred and ten of these steps
(uud be taken in a minute.
1. Quick Time. 2 March.—At the word
March, given when eilliet foot is coming lo
the ground, the tank will assume the quick
step.
When the instructor wishes to make the
recruits rest me the ordinary step, he shall
command,
1. Common 'Time. 2. March.—At the
word March, given when iiitherfoot is com
ing to tho ground, the rank shall resume
the ordinary step.
'To hall the rank will be Hone by the com.
mands and means prescribed before. If
the rank is inarching in quick time, the
word Halt shall be given an instant previ
ous to planting the foot on tbe ground.
The instructor shall make the recruita
marching in quick time, sometimes mark
lime, and change feet.
The rank being halted, tho instructor
shall cause it to march backward,as follows:
Squad backward. Guide left (or right,
March.—At the word March, the rank shall
step off, backward, with the left foot, which
he shall plant at the distance of fourteen
inches Irom the right, reckoning from heel
io heel, and so on, till the word Halt is giv
en, which shall be always preceded by that
of Squad. The men shall halt on heating
the word, by carrying back the foot in front
and planting it by the side of the other.
Tbe instructor will watch that the re
cruits uo not lean against each other : that
they march straight backxvord, and that the
proper position of the body and musket is
always preserved.
March to the Flank—The rank being at
a halt and aligned, the-instructor shall com
mand,
1, Squad, by tho right (or left) flank.—
2. Right (or left)— Face. 3. Squad for
ward. 4. March.
At the wo-d command, the men wilt lace
to the right, or left.
At the word March, they sha l step off,
quickly, with the left foot, and in ordinary
time.
Obscrcatinnson marching to a flank.—The
instructor shall place a well drilled man at
the side ot the leading man, on the flank lo
which the rank has faced, in order lo con
duct this last, and to regulate his step, and
it sh ill be recommended to the man who
leads the recruits in file, to march, always
tnindiing the elbow of the man who it as
signed to direct him. The instructor shall
cause the tcllowing rules to be observed :
That the step is taken and executed ac
cording to tbe prescribed principles; that
at each step, the man in rear of another
shall plant his foot on the spot, at least,
from whence the man in front of him has
raised his foot; the recruit is not to bend
the knf e, which he will be apt to do, to
avoid treading un the heels ot the man be
fore him ; the head ol a man preceding
i another, must cover in and hide from this
last, the heads of all the men who may be
in front.
The instructor shall make the recruits
wheel, in file,to the right or left, as follows:
1. liy file, right (or left.) 2. March,—
At the second word, the leading man of the
rank sh II wheel to the right or left, and
siiall then march straight forward,each man
turning nr wheeling successively on the
same ground as the first wheeled on.
Marching by the Front, to March by a
Ftmk,—1. Squad, by the left (or right)
flank. 2. March.—At the second word,
which shall be given a little before either
foot may be brought down to the ground,
the recruit shall turn the body, plant the
foot that is raised and just coming to the
ground, in the new direction, and step off
with tbe o.lter foot, without altering the ca
dence of the step.
To halt the Squad, and'Face it to the Front
—1. Squad. 2. Halt. 3. Front-Face.—
At the second woid, the rank shall halt,
and no one shall stir, even to rectily a false
distance ; this attention being necessary to
habituate the men to maintain the proper
distance.
At the third word of command, each man
shall front, by facing to the left, if the
march has been to the right flank; and by
lacing to the right, it the march has been
to the left flank.
Wheelings.—Wheelings are of two sorts
of description ,- wheeling on a halted, and
wheeling on a movaBle pivot.
Wheelings on a fixed, or halted pivot,
are used for wheeling from line into column
or from column into line.
IFheelings on a movable pivot take place
in the changes of direction of a column
when matchmg.as often as it may be neces
sary to wheel to the reverse flame.
W ht*n tbe wheel is made on a fixed point,
tho man simply turns on hit fixed point,
marking the time.
In wheeling un a movable point, the piv*
otman takes steps ot nine inches and one-
third, in order to clear, or disengage the
ground for tbe succeeding piatoons. This
is necessary, in order that the subdivisions
of a column may be enabled to change their
direction without loosing their distances, aa
will be explained in the discipline of tht
Company.
In both cases mentioned, the man on the
wheeling outerfiank must always take slept
of twenty-eight inches.
The movement, or species of wheeling
termed Turning to the right or left, takas
place in the changes of direction of the col
umn ot march only when the wheel in made
on tho column ot march only when the
wheel is made on the fl-nk where the guide
is. Great care must be taken not to contound
this specie, ot wheel with that on a movable
pivot.
Whetting on a halted Pitot.—The in
structor shall place a well disciplined man
on the wheeling flank, to conduct it, and
shall command,
t By Squad right Wheel. 2. March.—
At the svcoiia word, the soldiers shall step
off with the tell loot, and turn, at the same
time, the head a little to the lelt, their eyes
fixed in the direction ol thuse of the men
who are on their left. Tbe man on the pi
vot shall only mark time, turning gtadually
aud conforming himself lo the movement of
the wheeling flank ; the man on the outer,
or wheeling flquk. who conducts it, shail
step the pace of twenty-eight inches, and
from the first step, bring forward tbe left
shoulder a little; be shall cast hit eyes on
the ground he ie to go over, and, from time
to time, along the rank wheeling, and he
shall always teel tbe elbow ol the man next
ta him, but thie lightly and without ever
pushing or pressing on him.
The men must keep up the light touch of
the elbow on the side the pivot ie on, and
resist all pressure coming from the wheel
ing flank; they must conform to tbe move
ment of the wiie- ling flank, eaeb man pro
portioning his step to bie distance (torn the
pivot.
The wheel to tbe left is executed by tbe
same principles.
To arrest the wheel, the command la
given: 1 ©quad. 3. Balt—At tbe eeoond
word tbo rank will halt, and aone shall stir
until farther command is given*
Tho instructor shall go to the; te verso
g-L..
p,8 °® tho ,wo onlel raen o"
t?ivLtn1!! k ,n i ‘^ e d ' recl >on he chooses to
fwetn th. 8 r * nk i’ laav 'ng sufficient space be-
place themselves in, and he will then com-
m " d - L*ft (or right) Dress.
.he -. e ?^ am,,nd * th * ,ank • ha " dr «*»
, luen P ,ae>d »• a base line.
dressing. 0 ^ l ° th ® P r *“ cr,bed principles ot
Ths instructor will then command Front
before #h * b * COropU#d wUh a8 described
Observations on the Principles of Wheeling.
—The instructor shall cau*. th. fL
—t ne instructor shall cause the following
rules to be observed : "
To turn the head a little toward tho whee
ling flank, and ‘o fix the eyes in the line o(
the eyes of the men who are toward iha
flank; to keep up the light touch of u, e oU
bow on the side next the pivot, and to rn-
sist a pressure coining from a wheeling
flank.
Wheelings on a Moving Pivot,—In order
to cause the rank on the march to change
direction on the flank opposite to the guide,
the instructor commands—
I. Right (Or Lef } V\ heel. 2. March.—
The first word of command shall be given
when the rank is within four paces of the
point where the pivot is to commence cir
cling.
At the second word, the wheeling shall
be executed as on a hilled pivot, excepting
that the touch of the elhow is kept up from
the reverse flank, and not from the pivot
flank ; that the pivot-man, instead of turn
ing on his point, shall conform himself to
the movement oi thereverse flank describing
the larger atea of a concentric circle ; that
tha pitot-man shall feel lighllv the elbow
of the man next to him, and take steps of
nine inches and one-third, gaining ground,
advancing, and moving, on a part of the
circumference of a small circle, and that he
shall, thus, clear or disengage the initial
point of his wheeling, the middle of*he
rank curving a little toward tie rear.
The wheel being .effected, the instrustor
wil' command—
1. Forward. 2. March.—The first wor l
of command shall be pronounced four paces
before the wheel is finished.
At the second, to be given at the instan
the wheel is effected, the man directing thp
marching flank, shall move straight for
ward, and the pivot-man, with the other
men, shall resume the step of twenty-eight
inches, directing the head to the front.
To change direction on the side of the
Guide.—This is effected by the following
commands:
Left (or Right) Turn—March.—The first
command shall be given when the rank is
within four paces of the initial point of
wheeling, as men toned formerly.
At the second word, to bn given at the
instant whan the rank is to commence turn
ing into this species of wheel, the guide on
the pivot flank shall turn to the left or right,
on the march, and shall, without rendering
more slow, or quickening the cadence of
the time, and without lengthening or short
ening tho measure of the step, move for
ward in tne new direction ; the rest of the
rank shall conform to the new direction in
which the guide is moving ; and for thit
purpose each man sh.lt advance the shoul
der farthrest Irom the guide, take tho quick,
step, turn the head and eye* to the flank
the guide is on, touch the elbow of the man
between him and the guide, placing him
self on the same alignment with the guide,
and turning his head and eyes then to the
Iront. Each man shall arrive thus, suc
cessively, on the alignment of the guide.
TO CASHBUYEU
Sr
Ikj
We have now
i""”"-- 1 -
For Fall and Winter Trad.
gkroceki E o!
hardware;
STAPLE DRV GOffsj
w-ith #n 'i
immensf variety
other articles suited to this msrket.
WE 8ELECT «ootw with 0REl .|
CaUe j buying in-
LARGE QUANTITIES
^ P, ' pared 'o fur,, i9 ,
BES I' A.XIT I (_’LJ-<*«$
a. the lowest r at e 9 , lo HiM , .
NO. 1, BROAD NTRKKT, ATIlKNS GfY
T. BTBFlOp A- hirvx-
Oct 11. i860. * -SO.\_
ROSS
J, jn AGENT for
JOHN BAIRD,
MARK L E HOURS,
PHILADELPHIA, PKX.V
I S prepared lo fill orders f, r ever?
of Monumental Work, Ton,.
blels, ornamental effigies Ac. M»r!,le he\n„!
stones,mantel-pieces, «lr,hsf„reei,ur-u',i,
and marble worlrof all descn(nio„sca„ ^
procured through his agency, at retwomb!
prices. Aug. -25 -f 1
G eorgia, itindtaon count,.
Ordinary, February Term. IS61.—\Vi.,.., u
Francis I*. Eoerhart, guardian ufMury Kbcr;.- L
minor, applies to me for it'IU'i o of uiainisaivo fcY! I
said gtmrdmuHlup : * I
These tire, therefore, to rite and sdutania ,:l
persons concerned, to filo their ohjceti.i; „
they have within the time pro,erihttl bv h,
why said gu.-u.Unn should not he rlisehsrget!
Given under my band tindoffleial signsturi.
7th Feb. 1861 U. H UVLl OCK, Ur
icb 13—Cut.
NEW FUIt NIT (Jit £
STOlrtJW!
T HE UNDERSIGNED begs lenvet.. rn. ■
attention of the oititens of Athens on! ,
rounding country lo his
SELECT STOCK OF FI RMTI RE
NEW amNGEMENT*
THE CASH SYSTEM.
We shall commence this week
sending to each of our subscribers
residing without the limits of the
Western Circuit and Madison and
Hart of the Northern Circuit, the
amount of their indebtedness to the
Southern Banner to the 6th of March
next, the commencement of a new
volume. ATT whose arrearages are
not paid up to that time, and in ad
vance, for the length of time they de
sire the paper, will l>e stricken from
our list.
All subscribers living in the West
ern Circuit and Madison and Hart,
of the Northern Circuit, will have an
opportunity of settling with one of
the proprietors of this paper during
the sitting of the Superior Courts of
their respective counties. .Those fail
ing to pay up will have their papers
discontinued.
Our terms hereafter will be
25F“Two Dollars per annum, in
advance.We will receive sub
scriptions for six months for One
Dollar, and Fifty cents for three
months. The paper will, iu all cas
es, be stopped at the expiration of
the time for which it is paid.
B3ir* This rule will not be deviated
from in any case.
We are compelled to adopt this
course to save ourselves from finan
cial ruin. We have pursued the
credit system for eight years, and
have lost thousands of dollars by it;
and we are determined to have pay
for our work, if we have but fifty
subscribers.
ISET*’ No attention will be paid to
orders for the paper unless accompa
nied by the cash.
which hell now **lline cn Collect, Avi um., i
itoor* above T H. \Vi:.o., A || r „V
He think* that bl* experience it. the tn.it,. „
enable him to nupply ill wdut* of pun-1,n.,..,.
HI, good tor;:,a as they c»-t buy f„- i„ BNV , ir ^
Everythi*-- belonging totbot’rad.. will I,',, b,
blind.*mins I’nrlor.ChVP-'-'r and l»i ... ij,„.
Furniture! The be»t «t;l< ol
SPRINGBEDS.
Gilt und Plain Mirru.-s, Window sl.a.le* (-..I.
Band*. Hooka, Picture Cord, fus-ela j|
Furniture,
HARDWARE, &C.
It: fhet everything iiinr belou^,..*
pairing done promptly.
1 f iso keep on liantl a new style of
BLBIAL CASE AND CASKET,
M«d© ofGttlvnntzed Wrought Iron—fnr pr»f'-ri
ble to Cnst Iron though hoM at the saint-jj.tr-
superior to anything of the kind ou r u-eri her. -
They are light, elegant, and o iti he tinn < >p*r>'* i
w ith perfect safety—th© only coffin ihni mu it
Thev have everything to recommend tl em.
All orders promptly Attended u,. Term*t-«c<
purchasers. * J. M. bMiTIJ
Athens, February 13—If.
NEW GOODS
CRAWFOUDASr.tl'LUt
Are receiving their
NEW
G000$ t
Which they tWTl Af’ilt V.r-np.
Broad Street, under lJanitor Office, Athenr, Oft
March
CHANGE Or GOVERNMENT!
O WING to the great change of govemmrnr
»l hftft ulso brought about a chnugoof com*
mcrce. The old long credit «y*tem in done awn;
with, and the cash system haa taken it-* place W-
aro receiving
A NEW STOCK OF COODS,
and will offer them nt low price*. Ft lit fAtdt
hut should, 6v ttprcinl contend, m-11 un time I
will be on 30 lo 00 days, and we only with in
to men who will pity according to coutrr.,..-
Those who do not pay at maturity, need not <■'
ptet to get gen,I* on "op of n duo debt ,;.;wtj
‘.Vo intend to aell GltOl'IilllK-*, Hilt::’!
•Xt*) TABS and Ihe leading nr tide* geutmi;
FOR CASH.
NEW GOODS
G RattblA, JacLaou Coaatr.—Where
Cicero C Brook* ntolie* to me for the gn
dianecinof John A,. MsTtli* C. t Cynthia J., I
geni* H„ Jefferson D. Elvira L., nnd A'nncv
Long, minor orphan* ot Willis Long, Htecf’si
county, decessod,
These ute, therefore, to cite *ud admonish
and singular the kindred n.d friend* of said t
nor*, te file tbeir objection*, if nt,y they bin
t<y *how cause why lo tera of gutirdinimhip :
•aid minors should not be granted to t!.-o aw
cant at the next May term of tho Court of On
n*rvof said county.
Given under my hand nt office, this Mareh -I ■
1861. A. C. THOMPSON, Urd.narv.
April 13 30d
.—AND—
GOOD BARGAINS!
C
AIT be had nt U. W. RUM.VEY S establish,
ment, two door* north of die Newton House,
College Avenue. I am now in receipt of fine
Cloths, Doeskin* and Caasimcres, from Charles
ton, and will continue to receive as may boro
a uired. As an inducement to buyers, I will s*y
ist 1 am determined to sell ns client) tho same
quality of Good* as any brought from Yankeedom.
and I believe that I can sell a little cheaper. I
do not say that I will sell a superior article for
the same price as that of an inferior quality.
April 10 3m. U. W. RUMNEY.
TO THE PEOPLE,
H AVING availed myself of the opportunity
afforded by Congress to purchnse my goods
lUdsys previous to the fir*t dn y of March, I have
now a stock of goods to offer my customers, nt
near!/ iho same prices as heretofore; and we
nope, before the return of another seasou, io have
a patioer in Europe, who will send us goods di
rect from the Continent, at even lens prices thau
heretofore.; Hoping to leceivo encou-ageuient iu
oar enterprise, 1 remain your obedient servant,
April lit R. l. BLOOMFIELD.
flIRLR, to work on vest* and pants.
April la It. R. L. BLOOMFIELD.
NewSPRING&SUMMER Goods
nr. "w. ltjcas
1 8 now receiving a handsome stock of New
Goods, and invites alt who are wanting such
to call and examino them All kinds ol
LADIES* DRESS COODS.
In New Spring Dress Silks,Bareges, he.
All kinds Freuoh Dress Goods in Organdies
Bareges, Muslins, he.
Elegant Laco Mantillas, (5 00 to (30 00; '
Kid gloves, silk mitts, hosiery, laoes, tarletansjko.
All kinds Summer Goods, for men boys and chit*
dreu. Sheetings, Shirtings. Linens,
Table Damasks, Uaen sheetings,towellings, Ac.
WtbaU other kinds of common-place goods.
NEW CROP H0U8HE8.
A N article asgoood and cheaper than r,mp
.... I. M. KENNEY.
march 20.1MI.
^ Those owing the old firm ol l'tltter, Englfinu A
Freeman, and do not pay this spring or am»m$ •
may rest assured that we will „avo judgment t*
tho time the Stay Law runs our. We tnaiAour
customer* and frienda for former pntr>>nng<-‘, pnd
deairo that they continue to trade with tt*.
F1TNEK & ENGLAND
Athens, April 3, 1861. 3m.
Tan Bark If c in .
l^pCLESKEY & DOVAIj will pay
Five Dollars
a cord, CASH, forsll good tnit hark,
ib«ir tannery, in Athens. We haven!--,
lot of sole, upper, harness and band let
getber with a fine assortment of shoe., t
own manufacture. Call at No S, Grai.
where our D. M. McCleskv will at a-,
found. A i
F
CHOICE COUNTRY FL01R.
ttESH
April I
fund, for sale I >w for t-ssli ■.'
1861. T. UISHdi’-l
EXTRA TENNESSEE BACON.
C l LEAR Sides, Hums, and Shoulder!*, f- ,r *
J low for cash by T. BISHOl’ f *-
April 111, 1861.
BOOK OUT!
ratHOsE indebted to the firm ofTnvIor H
ff. either by note or account, aro new net it vh
that if prompt payment is cot matte, they 1 ’
placed in the hands of an officer for onlliviioii
We aroclosing uo our business, "nd Ml ■' I
lect. ’ TAYLOlt * not 1.
April 10 Sin
L-i > IN YOU K bl IT Lib S!
T AYI.OIt ^ HOYT having detc*iniue<:
clo»o up their bunitiesa iu jftheni<, nicLo*
offering their emir© stock of
family Groceries,
At COST for CASS!
Persons will do well to lay in a supply, - :nl
were all bought low and arc now gteatlv " v '“‘
cd. • TAILOR A lloll
April 10 tf
G 1
EOKGI.t, Hart County—Toall«•*•»
— It may concern.—R. D. At(ama »nd Jonair
Adams, having in proper form, applied to me -
permanent .etters of administration on tic «*• -
of William Adams, late of said county: .
This is to cite, all and *iugul«r, the erect
anduextofkinof William Ad.m*. to be*"- *>.
psar at ay office, within the time a'lowo-i b . *
abdahow cause, if any thev osu. why ^
administration should not be granted ,u » n
amsaad Jonathan Adams, on Mil-nun “
3«t. my h “ d ftis&xsfc ^
April S~S0d-