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' i-’ mm DOLLARS PER ANNUM IN ADVANCE. ATHENS, GA.1 AUGUST 25, -187! VOL. XL.—NO. 52—NEW SERIES, VOL 4. NO. 44 Miscellaneous. i What the Hebrews Knew of Fanning. road has not the capacity lor the work demanded. The Pennsylvania Cen tral Railroad, with all its immense business, was a single track for several years, and was worked with per fect success. Try the single track steel railroad; its capacity will amaze and delight your people, and its safety is its highest merit You are making no experiment; all this has, fortunately for you been done, and your way is plain—only “ go ahead.” With my very best wishes for the success of your people in these and all other movements for the advancement of their true unSreSsTl^MX^a^E? sir, Truly your friend and obedient servant. Fireside Miscellany. JenkIns~Gowtol Plcnle. j “ A . Vi,B * e Parson: ha * bw»S*viag ! attention to this topic, and publishes Maria Ann recently determined to the result of his re-1arch in the 1VU- go to a picnic. , liamette Farmer, of Salem, Oregon: Maria Ann is my wife—unfortunate- i In his laws Moses made agriculture FLOUR & FEED STORE! ON COLLEGE AVENUE, (opposite newton house.) W. H. Irwin |»l kVM.ftM, BY S. A. ATKINSON, If THREE DOLLARS PER A3NUH, STRICTLY IS ADVANCE. O.fice, Broad sL,overJ. H. Huggins. BITIW np AllTF.UTlSlXG. vurrllwmenu w ill !*• inverts at Or e Dollar and rift, cvhl« (wr Squire of 1* Uoca, for -.he Aral, and (ienu for each eubeoqueot insertion, tine under mw month. Fiere lifer period tiN.nl eontneta will be made. Business Directory. luimi conn. k. «. krwis.howiill.cobb COBB, ERBflN * COBB, A TT O RS 'EY B AT L AW , Alban*, oeonto. OOee In U* Denpree bnUdif. I». «. CANDLER, \ TTORNEY AT LAW. a"! Homer. IN.tLa County Ur. Will Pfliw in t*»w count i«*w of H.tnk-*, Jackson, 11*11, Habcr- tha a auJ Franklin. ***TI\W HI DUN, \ TTORNKY AT LAW 4 V And .Hilary INiUlle, Athens, (L. Will j»ra tice nine »Vuteri* cltvuit X will give imrtionlfer jf.iMiJion to the .ullftl'on ofclilu^, and wlllnei h* R*tot f -r the pureh r u*«*«’lt wlUl tJH !*• to l uild of real estate i-.nl.Ml >KV.L !•>>', C. Vf. SL.ULLL, SKELTON A SKIDKt L. T TOR N K V rf AT L A W, llarlwrll. Hurl County. Georgia- l llfM AN X HIS VON, T T O It N E Y S A T L A W , icoumy, <la. i II; iOlON'H, 1, A W , A T T O It N E Y sahikl i* A T I'd It X K Y A 1 I Air,c .... , ifuet, over attention lieciion of .1 \ \ vie 11. HARDWARE, ri »ge .Miterlil, Mining Table and Ticket Cuttery* AND MANUFACTURER’S AGENTS FOR SILVER FLATE0 WARE. Railroad, the Pennsylvania Central, the North Pennsylvania, the South Pennsylvania', and the Philadelphia and Erie Railroads, yet such are the de mands for coal, iron, lumber, lime, glass, sand, etc., and so imminent is the danger to the great iron and steel interest of Pennsylvania from the de velopment of the magnificent mineral fields of Alabama and Tennessee, that, in my judgment, the narrow gauge is an imperious necessity, not as a rival to the broad gauge, but as an aid to it, by doing thut, and doing it well, which table, and as safe as the broad gauge ? They are more comfortable than the broad gauge passenger cars, for while there is abundant room, there is no crowd, as in large, fifty passenger broad gauge cars, and the ventilation is much better. They are as safe as a broad gauge car in every respect so far as the car is concerned, and much safer when it is considered that, so far as the track is concerned, all crushing of the rails—a fruitful source of acci dents—is avoided. The centre of gra vity.in the narrow gauge cars is low, (GLASS TOP.) j. \ j. » I vKALEItS IN t / Iron Stum!, N ill-, £ i npl*.u**ls, Ac., WiuiPiUl ».v i \ Bsres, \ TTOilNEV AT - A. iiom«r, lUritv County, Ha. ^ ; w j vksktr. i f jo. ?*• wm.oirx. i *!’. .Yi-R. > < 'V. W. AIlllOlU. ~ M >. V ITILK.J (r. !• WILW41TK. fV, ilunvtt, Little & Fo., j” 4 1‘ OH 54 -l» A CIA 4*5 e* S, | trlbyville, lenn. CASUAL* ADA. r> SIQNBK, JngjMBr and jfji&Ui, F.bTEOTROT-yVINO, S W Corn ten l oi'ini asd IViout StbkktsI Lock Box 226. ’W JR the broad gauge very iiuperfectly*per- j an< ^ fberefore their oscillation is slight, forms, to- wit: the stimulation of the jand the trains travel smoothly and quiet- development ot the interior resources of • Ij-Lut passengers will prefer the narrow Pennsylvania by cheap transportation. I g a,l S c railroad, for in addition to equal Pennsylvania requires railroads ex- j Co| “lort and rapidity and greater pressly and solely devoted to her home ^dety, they will travel much cheaper i:;torc?t*\ Fortunately for your State, 011 it. than cm a broad gauge. I need <40 FRUIT Ch > JARS! Ee To Merchants. S. V. DOBBS, D ealer in dry gcods, c dock kies, pr.omcK. hardware, READ Y-UADE CLO J'iUMJ, BOOTS, SHOES, HATS, Hi) in abort, an nsworl**! Muck «>f f.uully *n ^Uniaihm iuiMvl!an<li*i > . Tl»r i luurkei pre forcoumry ) ro-lu « . Kinsman & Howell\ Factors and Commission Merchants. Liberal Advances made on Cotton atid Naval Stores. Charleston, S.C. J'.ns rorra. Calvin w. paiib. POTTS &. PaRR. PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL PAINTERS, Jixlwm ft., 1 ft Door above Xat. Bank, ATHENS, GEO HGI A. W l.L give prompt attention to al! or«l«>re lor llouu*, ^icn an»l Fmnry piintinn ***xx dw ripll-n Furniture cleaned, tainted v\rni«i.eil, :it short notice. Orvlen Iimid the .coBotrjr nrtnn|.lly tilled. Mixed ready for turmvheil to order. itil v Ta it 500 Keirs Nails. ( DOMINION AND ROME ^ f..r Nile at GUl-DS, NICKERSON & CO'S. Tim SHOVELS, Spades, Axes, Triif ki' “j Fork*, Straw Cullen, W Footl* Idirinodynr, LL RELIEVE INSTANTLY d>«- worst cNBt of t« oth«che. Prepared by _ ^ ^lNii.at NEW liKVli STOBE. UtMiERs ON FIRE .XSURAKCE: " e w.H SapHc«te»ny JPew Fort auorlment ot Crockery, Cutlery or Gl.ru- ll'arr. We U»,e uwrte,l Cntes of REST IRONSTONE & C C.WARE of our own Importation, packed to our order, and exactly suited to the wants t>J Country Merchants, containing no high-priced dishes or tureens, or other hard stovk, but just such Goods as those in constant cash demand. We sell these Crates for net cash, for SSOOO, and guarantee entire satisfaction to every purchaser. Will send list on application. the new era in railroading dawns on you with the early morn of returning prosperity. You are just in time to save yoi reelves from a very heavy in-, vestment in broad gauge railroads, which never could directly pay the stockholders, although indirectly any GBANTVILLE, GA., APRIL 7,1S71. Sturt. McBride A- Co—Atlanta, Ga : We have just marked ihe Crockery, Ac. We are pleased with tbe bill. Allow us to congratulate you on securing such a Good Packer. Scarcely a piece broken. Fill the order f r Cutlery at lowest prices. Truly Yours, GAURETT A ZELLa *-S. June 2l,~ly. Berkshire Piss for Sale. IN KENTUCKY \VE HAVE 1 tried the ration, hrreda of hug., Incin ling the While ('heater ■ nd -\Mex, and regardllie Ileik.liire »».-up-rlor. Th - Barkahire•lands unrivalled with our hog breeder*, and al our <Mr», a* a line hog. 1 mi prepared lo furnish pig. to those wishing to or der from me, at a* reasonable rales as any one. I ran fitrniidi Ihctu by the single pig or tlio pair, from the rory host stork In the country, ringing from those almost pure, up to the purest thorough bred, with pedigree. I wi|l ,«i and deliver a pai< of pig. at tbe rtilroad dei<ot * ready for shipment with their p.dlgre* aeeompanying. .bowing slot k •eearately, alfiiunZftOSo ISO a pnir, aecori'.ingto their purity : they will liefrom luto 14 weeksuld, and weigh front SU to 100 lhs. eurh. Address det-9-ly llBV. W. T. WOOD, l»errye not elaborate the patent fact, che-ip travel, cheap transportation must in evitably settle the question in favor of the narrow gauge. The North-western Railroad has its termini at Mobile and Memphis, connecting the Mississippi and the Gulf at two capital points, reasonbly gauged railroad is far better j destined to a splendid tutu re. It will than none. ! ** a vei 7 important coal, iron, cotton, - You are aware that an English gov-' lumber, and passenger road, with,‘I <-rninent commission, after a most thor-' should siqipose, highly favorable ough investigation during tbe past year, grades. Memphis, as well as Mobile, has decided that railroads of the nar- j must ancltor herself amid your mineral row gauge are the cheapest anti best j fields. Will not this railroad j ower- that can be used in India. So, too^’fully stimulate the growth of both eitie.-? after the f ullest examination by the | If it is cheaply and safely built it cer-. most scientific engineer, the kingdom of, taiuly will, for cheap trau portation is i I trust, sir, that not an inch of iron Norway lias adopted the narrow gauge j alike the life blood of each, and this rail will be laid ia Alabama. Steel for all public railroads; and among our j ean oaly be at their command by rail- rails ara£aa«a{br,/ar mope cconomi- Northirn, Middle and Western States roads of the modern narrow gauge. If cal, far better in ever}' respect than Your railroad from Mobile to Eiytcn will be striclly an Alabama road, and ought to be, as'far as possible, light down grades to Mobile, the market for its main traffic. It will carry mainly, coal, iron ore, iron, steel, fire brick, lime, lumber. It should be a narrow gauge, I dunk, will admit of no dis pute. If Jj^earrow gauge will do all tbe work y^require of a railroad, and all testimottiy practical and scientific, demonstrates its admirable adaptation for traffic aud travel, why will you throw away ${1,000 per mile? I resjtec- tfully ask' tpF advocate of the wide that practical ques tion. I ask every friend of the narrow gauge to press home this dollar and cent common sense question: Why throw away 89,000 per mile ? In Great Britain so great is the change of opin ion on this point that in Wales, at Festiniug, a railroad only two(2) feet gauge is in successful operation.— There is no guess work, no conjecture, in this movement; it is strictly a mat ter of calculation, and the result must be reliable absolutely. The traction power of even light locomotives draw ing the light trains of the narrow gauge is very great, and they run up very heavy grades and around sharp curve? with facility and safety. This insure? a system of lateral or branch railroads leading right and left along your line , and tapping every important point ot local trade, thus stimulating every form of industry in the-interior, both drained by your trunk road and its brandies, and carrying its products to your city and to Memphis. Need I add anything to the facts now before you on this question of gauges ? I think not. Your way is, in my judg ment, dear and bright. With the narrow gauge your railroad will pay from the score, and a few years will find them rapidly extending through your State and adjoining States. There is no dauger of isolating your railroads; the revolution in gauge is a national movement, and sure of universal adop tion. To Hake Good CMer. Oar attention has recently been di rected t^an improved method of making cider, the principal feature of which is to let the juice renaia with the pumace from twelve to twenty-four hours after the fruit is ground before it is pressed out. The excellence of this method arises from, the fact that the juice, if expressed immediately, will hold in solution a large quantity of muddy sediment, which acts as a yeast, causiug rapid fermentation, which soon passes from a vinous to an acetic fermenta tion, and vineger is the result. It the juice is allowed to remain with the pumace for a day, certain chemical changes are induced, the sediment will be compacted, and tbe dear, pure-cider will be eliminated from the mass. Cider thus made will be of rich, clear \ I?fv*DsLo» th* Lav of Kite In.uramr; OI uil.1 *7 Hamli-I., author of “ A Tratiw T *•»«." <-tc. One voL, mhwp. $7 Ml. Kurwlel.jr T. A. UUUKE. Mrs. lllll’s Cook Book. V EW SUPPLY just received, by •> T. A. BURKE. TOH9 0IU4X.r 1 1 ILL & BKYDYE, at the old es- * 1- lahliaiicd li.YUBISR-SHOP, ‘■t I 'trtM*?. over tho store of Messrs. J. it. • M vulufvvs •.>.**«• the Ih-sI nn>l n.oat altenliYe * •» u:»; all ike modern ai>|>lutmea for Sll \V- *• > *Wi'll , 0:»i *l». fl t .lt-hkr.S . tlr. l*n* ^ at • :i»..1 r.-i» vr.it.'-I on al rmldoac**, . /•##/ nt’Rrtem casob will receive do i car. ful uttentimi. J uly Wm. A- Talmadge, OP. POST OFFICE. COL. AlKHK, AI1IKX • ca mm. m-z AUAilland Colton Seed Hullei , v COMBINED. V »' wLD i u Geonria, made in Geor- V Ororjla tuauHal. Thi* ia a •*..- > i ' ’ .'.*^<-»«l 1 ron,antl I* raw harden- ? , - , '*).an without wearing out. It /.i r ! //o **9. Bui’h Cotton Seed, IV< * n Wheat. I» ia the SlmpDtl, i’/ieap- WU and Seed Untier in t!,ir ^ a ,y,’ r a p nuilad ft»r flve Vers. It w-i t», Of Com, atxl hull s « bii.lieU »»1 u»r rirruljrand ntireliM, tr. 4,.,. '<• R-G(Ercuiu.>i co.. — '*• (•■lunibu*,t l H. M i.wni|i Seed. WWTOH* u\vKi>, ?R ' b) fejtOTA BAGA, '•‘Mb RUTA BAGA, PULs, l AND GENUINE, AT THE NEW DRUG STORE. IVa!er in Watches, Clocks, Jewelry, Silver-plat ~ Ware, Mas.cut t nsl rumen is, Cjie«»taclt‘S f Gudb •' l'istols, -SjHirting EqiripnieniP, Ac., Ac. A Select stuck of American and Im ported Watches, DouldeGun* with 40 inch barrel, excellent for Iona ra*ff' . Fiktclii of all kinds. Penetration of bull 6*^ inch« into wood. With a desire to please all, will sell the abort good at rery reasonable prices. REPAIRING. Watches, Chicks, Jewelry, Guns and Pistols, promptly attended to In a satisfactory manner.- Call and see for yourselves. apr S New Books. THE COMIC BLACKSTONE; by 1 Gilbert Abbot A'Beckctt, with illustrations bv lleorrr Cruikabank. One larn« volume. 52 SO. 'Why .Till he not Die? or, the Child from the Ehr-u'iganR. Prom the German; by Mr*. A. L. Winter. 51 <3. He-It. Doiuf volume ft rut of Science for the V»unf; by Jueob Abbott, with numerous illustra tions. 51 SO. Callirhoe. By Maurice Han# (eon of George San.11. From the French, by 8. A. Deponte, of New Orleana. 51 7S. Fob better than Phyatc: nr, Ererybody’a Life Preeerver; by W. W. Hull, M. D. 51 M. Thu lleutbcn Chinee; by Bret Harte. with eight ill.istretlona. Price 25 cent*. Foraalebr Juno 2 T. A. BURKE. SUMMEY & NEWTON; Importers and Dealers t» Iron, Steel, Kails, HollawWare, (CTI.EKV Clift's. ANV55.M TI»Kl», 5IAMOWAH8. AC', No. 6, Broad Street, Athens, Ga. Office Northeastern Railroad,) Athens, June 17; 1571. S 'VTOTICE ia hereby given that the J_N Book*of Subscription to tht Northeastern Georgia Kail rood an now open for aubacription, at their ottce; also, 5 per cent on the subarribed •tock U now dae and payable to K. L. Meee, Treas- it Jefferson, Homer, Har mony Grove , Acting President. B. L. J. A. SecreUry the narrow gauge is attracting great .lttention, and eminent engineers de clare that its universal adoption is a question of time alone. There is no natural reason in favor of the broad gauge, and its use was purely accidental and arbitrary. The first experimental iron railroad in Great Britain was laid at four feet eight and a half inches, and the locomotives built by Stephenson and others, to be tested thereon, were necessarily of that gauge, and when they were a success the gauge of Eng lish railnrds was adopted in America to suit the locomotives purchased in England, from whom, also our railroad liar, spikes, chairs, etc., were purchased. But experience here and in Europe clearly demonstrates that not only are trunk railroad lines demanded in ever}’ civilized country but that a railroad system is a modern necessity. The only question now is, how can they best be built ? Whatever may occur in the future, it is certain, by the elaborate test of figures, that the broad gauge will not pay in competition with the narrow gauge, in the present condition of our country, for these main reasons: First, the cost of the road bod, super- tructure, rolling stock and motive power of a broad gauge is very much more than that of a narrow; gauge rail road. “ A careful and elaborate esti .mate of the comparative cost of one hundred miles of narrow gauee (three feet) track, and the same leugth of wide gauge (four feet eight and a half inches), makes the former 81,635,800, <tr 816,358 per mile, and the latter 82,538,300, or 825,538 per mile—a dif ference of ever 89,000 per mile in favor of the narrow gauge. This includes not only the entire cost of the road, with sidings, fencing and engineering, but depots, shops, locomotives and care :dso; in short, the completed road and its equipment. The difierence between a road costing 825,000 a mile and one equally able to do the business costing only 816,000 per mile, is a point of no little importance.” Second, “But it is not in the first cost alone that there is a difierence in favor of the narrow gauge track; a proportionate difierence runs through the operating expenses. The reductions of the gauge greatly re duces the unproductive weight ot the trains; the rails, instead of being crushed, ns they now are, beneath heavy trains of wide gauge roads, are merely worn out, and thus there is a material saving in the wear and tear and lessening of danger. The narrow gauge locomotive would weigh only six to eight tons, instead of fifteen to twen ty tons; and the passenger cars, cairy» ing twelve persons each, would weigh only two or three tons instead of eight tons. This email locomotive, with its small train of care, would not of coarse carry as many passengers as a train on the wider road, but in tbe case of one- you attempt the broad gauge you invite iron. Pray read the following most a rival who will draw passengers and striking statement on this head* which traffic away from the Northwestern. I extract from the very valuable work Railroad or force you to carry at ruin-1 of Daddow & B-uinan, “ Coal, Iron ous prices. If coal and iron ore, or manufactured iron reaches Memphis very cheap she becomes the iron mar ket of the Middle Mississppi, and in this respect a dangerous competitor for St. Louis, which is now straining every muscle todevelope her iron field; if coal and iron reach Mobile very cheap, iron will go coastwise to New York and Philadelphia, menacing mast seriously, the iron manufacturers iu Pennsylvania and other Northern States having an Atlantic market. But will the narrow gauge answer for a great through railroad line ? Why not ? I am, we will suppose, at Mobile, a mer chant from Memphis, having purchased my merchandise in your city. I wish to send it through to Memphis by the shortest and cheapest railroad line.— You oiler me the narrow gauge at one half (or nearly that) the cost of trans fer of the broad gauge. You offer me a passenger car, roomy and airy, steady, rapid and smooth in its motion, at half the price of lare on the broad gauge. Which will I ship ray merchandise by and travel on ? But suppose that I am from beyond Memphis, at which point your Northwestern narrow gauge ceases, and I must tranship to a broad gauge railroad and thus waste time and money? -Not at all. The narrow gauge traffic and passenger cars can be run, trucks and all, at once on to trucks specially adapted for the broad gauge, and thus transmitted over the broad gauge lines without breaking bulk or changing cars, just as the seciim boats on she Juniata division of thePennsyl vania Canal were placed on trucks which received them at the water’s edge and carried them by rail over ten planes across the Alleghany mountains, at the further side of which they again enter ed the canal, were keyed together, and went forward to their destination with out breaking bulk; or a third rail can be laid on broad gauge connection, as it is often done on different gauges, four fee; eight and a half inches, and six feet in the North and West There is no serious practical difficulty in work ing a narrow gauge and a (wood gauge as parts of a long through line. But the main question now with Memphis and Mobile, is to be united by the most direct and the cheapest railroad line, and for this it is impossible that the wide can compete with the narrow gauge. Let the two cities do in this matter what they can now do well, and without pecuniary embarrassment. If a narrow gauge pays, as it most cer tainly will, if well managed, how easy to extend it beyond Memphis. Let us get cheap travel and traffic.between these important points first; the future will take care of itself. ly. She had planned it to go it alone,; the basis of the State. According to so far as I was concerned, oo that' this principle he apportioned to every picnic- excursion; bat when I heard: dtirenacertainpoetieoef lond r marked about it, I determined to assist. She by fixed boundaries. Land-grabbing" pretended she was very glad, but I speculations were prevented by law* don’t believe she was. j which required? a» lands i»thecon»- “ It will do. yon good to- get away | monwealth to revert to the heirs of the from your work a day, poor fellow„ M original owners on the jubilee year.— she said; “and we shall so much en-'The^occupation of theArmerwas heB joy a cool morning ride on the care* in honor from being thus protected by and dinner in the vyoOds.’- I the-fundamental law of the Stated- On the morning of that day, Mariaq Nonewere so rich or noble as t»c5»dxtu' Ann got up at 5 o’clock. About three. to put their haada to the plow.—r B minutes later she disturbed my slumr j Kings 79: 19,- 2‘Ghront.26: 10. Va- bere»and told me to* cometabreakfast, rious means were resorted to bv the* I told ber I wasn’t hungry, but it didalt 'Hebrews- to incrense tho fertility of make a bit of difference, I had to get their soil. The stones were gathered up. The sun was up; I had no idea j and built iuto walls, wnter was brought ' that the sun. began, business so early in - in aqueducts from great distances, and? the morning, but there he was. j many kinds of manure were used.— “ Now," said Maria Ann, “ wemust j The hills were terraced to the very tops fly around, for the cars start at half-' and planted with viueyards and gar- past 6. Eat all the breakfast you.can r | dens. They cultivated wheat,. barley-,, for you won’t get anything more be* j millet, beans,’and perhaps rice.—Isa. fore rood." ( ; 28: 25. In agricultural implements I qpuld not catanything at that time 1 the Hebrews were notssofarlteluiukthe in the morning and it was well I could • present age as we are prone to think., not, for I had all I could do. There Isaiah lived 700 years before Christ,, was the ice to be pounded to go around , yet in his day iron plows were in use, the pail of ice-eream and the sand- j for he prophesied of the time when wiches to be cut, and I thought I should j swords should be turned to plowshares never get the legs of the chickens fixed! and spears to pruning hooks. This 1 so that I could get the cover on the big | passage shows, too, that they had in- basket. Mana Ann flew around and j struments for pruning vines and trees! and Oil,” page 642. (It is from a paper by Bessemer, read to British Association.) ^“It is supposed that there is not one spot on any railway in Europe where the amount of traffic equals that at the Chalkfarm Bridge, at Camden Town. At this spot there is a n irrow thrOat in the line, from which comreiges the whole system of rails employed in the London termini of this great railway (London and Northwestern Railway). Here all passengers, goods, and coal traffic have to pass; here, afio, the making up of trains, and shifting of carriages is con tinually going oo. At this particular spot two steel rails were fixed on May 2, 1862; on one ride of this line, and two new iron rails were on the same day placed precisely opposite to them, so that no engine or carriage could pass over the iron rails without pal ing over the steel ones also. When the iron rails became too much worn to- be any longer safe for the passage of trains they were turned the other way up wards, and when the second side of tbe iron rail, was worn as far as the safety of the traffic would allow, the worn out rail was replaced by a new irou one—the same process being re peated as often as was found necessary. Thus we find, at the date of the lakt report, March 1, 1865, that seven rails •had been entirely worn out oo both faces. Since then another rail has beea worn out up to July!!” The endur ance, under this severe test, of steel rails over iron was as one to sixteen 1 This testimony is conclusive, and irre futable. This crucial experiment is cited by various writers, and is well known. When finally the steel rails were removed, they were found to be worn down to a thin blade, but preserv ing their form and tenacity uncrushed to the last 1 The Pennsylvania Central Railroad Company is substituting steel rails, although the iron rails hitherto on their line consisted of the very best irou in the country, and very heavy—64 pounds to the yard. It is sir, my clear and decided opin ion, with entire respect for the ad o* cotes of the bread gauge railroad, that a single track, 'steel shod, nar row gauge railroads from Mobile to Memphis, with a-tliberal system of branch road, will carry all the travel and traffic between these two cities for twenty years, and that it will pay handsom interest on the investment almost from it? opening, while its in cidental benefits to these cities, and to a broad belt along its line, will be very great—greater, indeed, than I dare color, and will keep good for a great length of time. The following rules, condensed from an exchange, will probably be found useful to persons wishing to have a good article of cider: Take ripe, sound apples picked from the tree by hand, or picked up from the ground as soon as shaken off the tree. If bruised they should be crushed iu the mill immediately. Put them in a vat with a false bottom covered with straw, and as the juice runs out pour it back into the vat, until it runs clear and free of impurities. About 12 to 15 hours after the apples have been ground put the pumace, well enveloped i i a nice strainer cloth, under a press, with some clean straw intermixed in layers with thepumaceandpressgently. As the cider runs from the vat or press, plaee- it nr a dean, sweet cask or open tub, which should be closely watched, and as soon as the little bubbles com mence to rise at the bung-hole or top, it should be racked off by a spigot or faucet, placed about two inches from the bottom, so that the Ices or sediment may be left quietly behind. The vinous fermentation will com mence sooner or later, depending chiefly upon the temperature of the apartment where the cider is kept; in most cases, during the first three or four days.— If the fermentation begins early and proceeds rapidly, the liquor must I • racked or drawn off and put into fresh casks, in one or two dayt; but if this does not take place at an early period, but proceeds slowly, three or four days may elapse before it b ranked. Inr general, it is necessary to rack the liq uors at least twice. If, notwithstand ing, the fermentation continues brisk ly, the racking must be repeated, otherwis the vinous fermentation, by proceeding too far, may terminate in acetous fermentation, when vinegar will be the result In racking off the liquor, it is necessary to keep it free from sediment, and the scum or yeai t produced by the fermentation. When the fermentation is completely at an nd, fill up the cask with cider in all respects like that contained in it, and bung it up tight, previous to which a tumbler of sweet oil may be poured into the bung-hole, which will exclude the oxygen and prevent the oxydation of tbe surface of the wine. As good rider is in growing demand, we earnestly request some of our exten sive orchardists to try this method, for we feel suie they will find it quite profitable in the end.—Nashville Union dr America. piled up groceries for me to pack, giv- j The animals used in plowing were eat ing directions to the girl about taking j tie and donkeys. Horses were not in. care of the house, and putting on her j common use among the Hebrews. TA dress all at once. There is a deal of energy in thqt woman, perhaps a trifle too much. At twenty minutes past 61 stood on the front steps with a basket on one arm and Maria Ann’s waterproof on the other, aud a pail in each hand, and a bottle of vinegar in my coatskint pocket. There was a camp chair hung on me somewhere, too but I forget just where. “Now,” said Maria Ann, “wemust run or we shall not catch the train.” “ Maria Ann,” said I, “ that is a reasonable idea. How do you suppose I can run with all this freight ?” “ You must, you brute. You al ways try to tease me. If you do not want a scene oo the streets you will start, too.” So I ran. I had one comfort, at least Maria Ann fell down and broke her parasol. She called me a brute again because I laughed. She drove me all the way to the depot in a brisk trot, and we got on the cars ; but neither of us could get a seat, and I could not find a plhee- where I could set the things down, so I stood there and held them. Maria,” I said in winning accents, u how is this for a morning ride? Said she, “ You are a brute, Jen? kins. 1 Said I, “ My love, you have made that observation before. I kept my courage up, yet I knew there would be au hour of wrath when we got home. While we were getting out of the cars the bottle in my pocket got broke, aud consequently I had one boot half full of viuegarallday. That kept me pretty quiet, aud Maria Ann ran off with a big-whiskered music teacher, and lost her fan, and got her feet wet, and tore her dress, and en joyed herself much after the fashion of picnipgoers. I thought it would never original method of liarvcsting grain was to pull up by the: oots, but sickles were used amoug the Hebrews from the time of Joshua. Harvest among them was a time of sejjMttng, cheerful! songs being heard ia. every, field.— Threshing was effected! by Sails, the feet of animals, or by drags or rollers.. Vineyards trad olive grave* were exten sively and carefully cultivated. CbE»* nary plants and fruit trees were among the first objects of atteBtiaou Palestine was said to flow with milk and honey.. Bees were highly esteemed. Their hives were made of clay mixed with, straw, but stores of honey were often found in hollow trees and fissures of the rocks.—Psalm 81: 16. One re markable provision of the Mosaic law in regard to agriculture was the Sab batic year.—Lev. 25: 1—1. Every seventh year was a year oft hof n> much to the farmer os the farm; Noth ing was sown aud nothing was reaped; the vines were not pruned; there ivas no gathering of fruit. The object of this regulation seems to have been to >reserve the w3d beasts, to let the Ands recover strength, and to teach the people ter- bo provident and l->ok out for the future. But the year was- not spent in idleness. The people could; hunt, fish, look after their bees and’ flocks, repair their buildings and fur niture; manufacture cloth or carry on. commerce; and during this year the whole Mosaic law was to be read, and the people instructed in religious duty aud the history of Godls dealings witti* their nation. DissiAtion.—The life of the gay man is a system of self-indulgence, «>t' self-gratification, and of self-worship. The miser, in his despised and isolated* sphere, has no power upon the luippi- ness of society. The privationsJie im poses extesd no farther thaa himself; and if no other individual shures in. come dinner time, and Maria called j what he ^5^ he b alone in tho pun . Rescue Grass.—A correspondent of tbe Farmer and Gardener writes as follows, concerning the Rescue Grass: Sow it as you would wheat in the fall—it will do no good sowed in the spring. Year before last I sowed on the crab grass late in November among the corn-stalks on very good land. The grass was killed by frost and was about six inches thick on the ground after falling down. I sowed the Rescue on it and in the winter and spring it came up thick. I then pulled the corn-stalks down and had a very fine crop.' Cut it a little before ripe, ex cept two-thirds of an acre left for seed —thrashed 32 bushels seed out of it I think it is, when cut in the dough state, the best feed a horse can have. Stock running in the lot where crab grass and Rescue were stacked, eat the ventnre to predict. But your very i Rsscu® grass down twice before eating sanguine friends may insist that such a the crab grass. me a pig because I wanted to opeu our basket before the rest ®f the baskets were opened. At last dinner time came—the “ nice dinner in the woods,” you know. Over three thousand little red ants had got into our dinner, and they were worse to pick out than fish bones. Tho ice cream had melted and there was no vinegar for the cold meat except what was in my boot, and of course that was of no immediate use. The music teacher spilled a cup of hot coffee on Maria’s head, and pulled all the frizzles out trying to wipe ofi the coffee with his handkerchief. Then I sat on a piece of raspberry pie, and spoiled my white pants, and concluded I didn’t want anything more. I bad to stand up against a tree the rest of the after noon. The day afforded considerable variety, compared to every'day life, but there were so many drawbacks that we did not enjoy it so much as Lmight have done. uhment he inflicts. But tho dissipa ted man has a wider influence, because he is the hero of society in its worst- state. He has, therefore, power to disseminate evil in a degree propor tionate to- hi» popularity; and in the* same measure as he is capable of'in flicting misery. He knows that he i< the cause of floods of burning tears* and while he weighs them against one* intoxicating draught, it is self-love that prompts him again to hold the spark ling poison to his lips, ant) to let the tears flow on. Cow Milking.—At an interesting discussion lately, in Illinois, on milking cows, some favored the “.foreand aft” and others the “diagonal” style. One old patriarch believes that “ every man should be left free to milk after the dictates of his own conscience.” There is bom within every man the germ of both virtue and -vice. The development of one or the other is'con tingent upon circumstances.—Besets Ballou. Boys and Girls.—We ask boyw and girls to prepare themselves for. and look forward to, a life, not of lux ury and idleness, but of indostiy and usefulness. It is calamitous for girls to look forward to a married life of ease and luxury, the means of which are to be provided by others without effort on their part.' We would have you look upon in dustry as something honorable and to be desired, and to look upon marriage as the opportunity and incentive to more effective labor, more vigorous and earnest thought and higher spirit ual and social enjoyment. —Woman's Pacific Coast Journal. Josh Billings lias issued a ipplement to his famous essay on the mule. Here it is in full: The mewl h a larger burd than the guse turkey ;’ it has tu legs to walk with and tu more to kick with, and it wares its wings on the ride of its head.