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their interests in future life, depend upon her ; and it is therefore perhaps of more importance than she should possess a cul tivated understanding, titan that her hus band should be so gifted—and this both to the husband himself, whose interests arc identified with those of his children, and to the world at large. This argument derives great force from the observations that have been made up on what 1 will call the descent of intellect It is the most trite of all proverbs, that “ a wise father may have a foolish son and nothing can he more obvious than the fact, that men of distinguished ability Tardy find a match in their representa tives. On the other hand, flic mothers of distinguished men are almost univer sally found to have been women of a su perior order, either in natural or acquir ed gifts. To explain this, some philoso phic minds have suggested, that talent is inherited exclusively from the mother, and temper only from the lather. Be sides the specific facts which might be ad vanced in support of this theory, there i< one strong general argument in favour of it. Talent, if of natural descent, would remain continually fixed in certain fami lies, so as to give them a greater ascen dancy over their fellows than what is con sistent with the general comfort of man kind. But, by descending through fe males, it is carried from one family into another, remaining no longpcriod in any: so that all have a chance in the course of a few generations. In short, by tins means talent acquires a dispersive or diffusive property, which it could not have if limi ted to heirs-male. Now, whether the mother gives inher ent ability, or only good nurture, it is ob vious that her talents must he a matter of infinite importance to her husband, and that the greater they are, so much the more certain are his welfare and hap piness. If the reader will accept of opin ion instead of argument, I will tell him exactly what I think upon the subject. Intellect being, in my opinion, a decided good, and the want of it an evil, 1 think that its possession in woman makes her just so much the more valuable, both in respect of general society, and in regard to the advantage of her children. Folly and dulness are less negative properties than some people suppose, and tend in my opinion, to have an active, and posi tive effect in diminishing the comfort of existence; therefore they ought to he a voided in women. Let no man tell me that a very clever woman may he too good for her business, or above grappling with it. Deponed upon it, excess of a bilityii the safe side of the question. Neither let me be told that a plain man is danger of not showing off well beside his clever wife. He will find, on trying, that it takes a great deal of cleverness in a woman to match with the same appa rent degree of it in a man, and that, in the long run, he is not nearly so far behind as lie at first supposed. By pitching, on the other hand, only a little beneath his own supposed intellect, he is apt to discov er that his partner is in reality an immense distance in the rear. It is a lamentable truth, that far more things are laughed at, in this world, than what are really ridiculous. It is so easy to laugh at any thing, that there is no wonder that some things are mistreated hi this res pect. Among the number of respectable things which the world has agreed to laugh nt are bluestockings —such is the silly name given to women who aim at cultivating their intellects in a manner superior to their neighbors. Now, for inv part, I cannot see that women can he a whit tin* worse for general information. Tie* intellects of women are not so niuclmnferior, naturally , to those of the male sex. as they are render ed inferior by neglected education, and by the weaknesses to which they are liable, inconsequence of being called upon so imperatively to cultivate personal graces. If these intellects, then, can he reclaimed from trifles, and directed to solidly useful pursuits, I cannot see what ey il can flow from it. Perhaps any thing that would make a wife less yy filing to perform ser vile drudgery would he a decided evil. But what is there in the duties of women that can he supposed incompatible with the cultivation of the intellect ? h rath er appears to me, that every hour spent by women in mental exercise, is just so much yvaste time redeemed from idleness or folly. The editor of the Philadelphia Litera ry Omnibus gives the following authentic intelligence respecting the Exploring Ex pedition : The Secretary of the Navy, on his late visit to this city, invited the gentlemen of the scientific corps, appointed for the ex ploring expedition, to meet and pass an evening with,.him at the rooms ot the Philosophical Society. The best spirit prevailed, and the Secretary, contrary to current reports, appears to be in earnest in his efforts to start the expedition; he manifested a marked degree of liberality as regards the purchase of instruments and scientific material, authorizing every thing required, to he purchased under tiie supervision or recommendation of six members of the American Philosophical Society, all of them disposed to forward the object, so that agreeably to the wishes of the Secretary there will be more prob ability of duplicate supplies than of a de ficiency ; this we understood him to say was his decided wish. He seemed to think that the expedition might sail in seventy *Javs.* Curious appi aremre of Indian Cor tis ra tions mar the Upper Mississippi. Carver’s Travels through the interior ! part ofNorth America, between the years 1706 and 1708, contain a curious passage respecting an extensive Indian yvork, or intrenchment, of this neighborhood. Mr. Featherstonhaugh* finding Carver gener ally very accurate, determined if possible to find this yyork. The description of the place yvas minute when found, but the directions lor finding it very vague. It was only spoken of as “some miles below Lake Pepin.” On climhling the right hank of the Mis sisippi, about eight miles S. E. of Roque’s trading-house near the entrance of the Lake, our Geologist felt almost persuaded he had found the desired spot. “At a distance not exceeding tuo miles,” he says, “I saw some unusual elevations to the south; and, hoping I had had the good fortune to find, at length, the true place, I yvalked to them, and, on reach ing them, yvas at once persuaded that 1 had found the locality described by Car ver, and which yvas sufficiently remarka ble to justify the description lie had given ot it. The elevation had the appearance ot an ancient military yyork in ruins; ex ternally there yvas the appearance a dil« li, in places filled up with the blowing sand, and having a slope coming doyvn from yvliat might he supposed the walls of the yyork tothe ditch,of about twenty yards. Inside yvas a great cavity, yvith irregular salient angles; and at three different parts were the more regular remains of some thing like bastions; the cavity was seven- ty yards in diameter, N. W. and 8. E., including the ruins of several terraces; i tiie circumferance of this singular place, inlcuding the angles, was four hundred and twenty-four yards. Seven hundred ; yards S. S. E. of this yv as another, resem bling it in form and size; and at an equal , distance, E. S. E. from this last, yvas a larger one, eleven hundred yards round yvith similar remains of bastions; this cavity would easily contain one thousand people; its walls, if the word may he sip-! plied to them, are* lofty-, and there is a deep ditch on the south side. In the' area to the south I counted six more of these elevations, each having a rude re-i semhlanca to the other, with yvliat also appeared to he a line of defence, connect ing these works w ith each other. At the northern end of this singular assemblage of elevations, every thing hears thoap-l pearance of rude artificial construction ; I at the southern end, however, and hot far from the river, the works pass gradually! into an irregular surface, a confused in 'termixiiig of cavities and knolls,that might he satisfactorily attributed to the blowing! of sand, t* There is a growth of oak tim-j her as Carver observes, upon all this part! of the elevations. All the angles and j bastions are very much rounded by the weather, and some of the slopes outside 1 consist of sand brought there by the wind. It is undoubtedly true that all the appear ances I have described may have been pro duced by the action of the wind; but those who think so, after personal inspec tion, are hound to account to themselves why other parts of this prairie, and of other prairies similarly situated, are not blown up, and wliv the ground covered by these t h-vations is hlnyvn up in such a manner as resemble artfirial works so closely. If. yy hen this curious place be comes more kmnvn and investigated, In dian antiquities should he discovered com mensurate \yitli the extent of the yvork, such as the stone instruments and yy ca pons of offence usually found about Indian encampments, it would decide yvith me the question. If any tiling of that kind is there, it is probably buried beneath the sand-* too deep for passing travellers to find. I brought nothing awav yvith me hut a pi in of the general appearance of the locality, and one or two of the princi ple elevations." "Geologist to the United States, in his late (h ological Reconnoisanco, quoted last Jour nal. "It is n sntid prairie, covered with a foot or tyyool’ vegetable matter. Maria Monk. \\ e extract the follow ing paragraph from a long article in the New York Commercial, in which the character of that shameless impostor, Ma ria Monk, is exposed in all its repulsive nakedness: One thing more, and we hope the mat ter w ill forever he ended, on our part. — W e have had it in our power these six weeks, to state the fact, that Maria Monk lias herself, more than once, admitted the whole thing to he an imposture ! W e could give, if we had the space, a series of her conversations upon the subject in detail. But that is not necessary. Sin lias declared, fully and freely, that there is not a shadow of truth in her stories respecting the Hotel Dieu—that the state ment published by us last fall, yvas cor rect as far as she knew anything about it. She has more than once declared that all the knowledge she possessed of the Hotel Dieu, she obtained from tlie Rev. George Bourne and his wife, (yvlio it must be borne in mind, once lived in Montreal.) She has said that she was five years en gaged in concocting the stories in her head—hut that more has been written doyvn for her than she said—"-which, by the ' way, we do not believe. She says she : thinks Dr. Broyvnlee honestly believes her | stories, and she thinks the gentleman who j yvrote them may also believe them. But j she names others of the precious concern, who she says “knoyv better.” But she is BRUNSWICK ADVOCATE. a cunning creature, and knoyvs her men exactly. “New,” said she one dav, after making a full confession, and laughing at her dupes—“l had just as lieveyou yvould go down to the office of the Protestant ; Vindicator and tell all I have said as not. ! Because, all I should have to do, yvould he to go down there to-morroyv, and tell my old story over again, and they would believe every yvord 1 say and not one word that you say!” Statistics of Education. The pop ulation in Prussia in 1831, yvas 12,726,- 83'-—the number of common schools -■1,749, and of pupils *2,043,030. There are forty-tyvo teacher’s seminaries, yyitli an annual sum paid by Government to primary schools is $160,000. Victor Cousin, in his report on the Prussian school system, says that there is not a single being in Prussia, who does not re ceive an education suited to the avocations of life. In France, the number of school districts is 38,000, the number of schools in operation, 27,000, and the number of teacher’s seminaries, seventeen. France adopted the Prussian school system in 1834, yvith the exception, that the parents are not compelled to send their children to school. In the Prussian and French pnblic schools, agriculture and political economy are made prominent subjects of study. In Great Britain and Ireland, there are 6,000,000 persons of a fit age to attend school. The number attend in gis not more than 1,-700,000. Ac.k ot tiie Land Tortoise. —The great age to which the land tortoise at tains is illustrated in the case of one re cently found in the orchard of Mr. Bovv ersox, near Hanover, Penn. It had en gravened on its sheh—“J. R.—1760.” This record yvas made 77 years ago; and from the habits of the tortoise, it is quite probable that it yvas made in the neighbor hood of the place yvhere the tortoise yvas last iounil. The age and habit of the tor toise constitute an exception to the gener al rule that exercise is necessary to health ■ and long life. The finding of the tortoise ; yvith the above marks, as noticed in the | Hanover Gazette, recalls to mind yvliat 1 yve once heard related bv an aged and ! respectable citizen of that State, lie had , when a hoy found a tortoise in a small copse skirting his father’s meadow, oil yfliich yvere traced the initials of a neigh bor, whom lie knew, yyitli a date tyventy years before. .• The Hoy added his oyvu initials, and date of the year, and “then let the tortoise run.” Thirty years after wards, the hoy—hoy indeed no longer— ton lid the same tortoise, and added his initials and the date, a second time. — The first date yvas 1777—the next 1776, and the third l>o7 ; comprising a period ot fifty years; and yet, it was satisfacto rily ascertained, that the record had been made each time within ten or fifteen rods <>f the same spot. A circle of twenty rods might possibly have hounded its pil grimages for half a century.—[Baltimore Patriot. ’Plie Ncyv York Ciazrtte says :—“The marine reporter for this paper states, that during the past ten days, in addition to thousands of emigrants which now swarin the streets of this metropolis, more than seven thousand have arrived at Quaran tine. W hat is to become of them a mer ciful Providence only knoyvs. Each one has his separate tale to disclose, and it is generally heart-rending to hoar. The streets, yy Inch have hitherto been com-' paratively free from beggars, are noyv til led yvith them. A chosen curse is in re serve for the speculators yvlio make it merchandize to delude the wretched crea tures hither.” Legal \\ rr.—One of the happiest hits ever made at the bar, yvas made at Ers kine in the days of his renuyvn. lie yvas arguing on a patent right relative to some new kind ot buckles, his opponent Man gay, strongly contented that tiie invention was worth nothing. Erskine started up, and said in a solemn tone—“l said, and say again, that our ancestors would have looked on this invention as singularly in genious-—they yvould have been astonish ed nt these buckles.” “Gentlemen of the Jury,” said Mangay, yvith equal so lemnity, ‘I say nothing of my ancestors, hut I am convinced that my learned friend's ancestors would have been much more astonished at his shoes and stockings.’ The Court hurst into a roar.—[Black yvood's Magazine. Advertisements. —The paucity of phrases for advertisements is to he deplor ed. “The subscriber respectfully informs his friends and the public generally” is, in truth, a poor come off to commence yyitli ; the phrase has been worn out this fifty years. \et we occasionally see some daring innovations on this modest and hackneyed way of doing the tiling. For instance, a certain tailor commences thus, in big capitals: “Run here every body ! Come untome all ye that are na ked, and I will clothe you.” A merchant in Mississippi, wishing to yvind up busi ness, fires upon his customers in the fol lowing style : “Blood and thunder ! Fire and brimstone ! Pay me what you oyve me !” But the most “eyeable” advertise ment in our recollection yvas that of a quack doctor who wished to let the pub lic know he could cure sore eyes. His piece was headed thus : “Let every blind man look at this!” [Greensborough Tel escope [From the Lowell Courier.] | CHICAGO, j The town is beautifully situated at the south ; westerly comer of Lake Michigan, at the ; mouth of Chicago river. On tiie right, as you | face the lake at the river’s mouth, stretches a beautiful beach of several miles extent; and | on the left, within a few rods of the city, com mences a forest (when the writer saw it) lit erully black with pigeons, which, as they were tired on and roused by sportsmen, rose in a ! cloud that blackened the heavens and spread | out over the city ; and so low that some shots j took effect that yvere fired from the tops of the houses and even from the streets. As the be holder turns and looks southerly up the river, there lies before him a plain of ten or twelve miles extent, unbroken by tree or shrub, wav jmg " ith grass, and spotted with here and ! there a herd of cattle. It is a prairie, though j not tiie kind of land usually known by that name. It would here be called a meadorv j perhaps, though it is, unlike our meadoyvs, firm and solid, not loose and shaking. In spring and after heavy rains, it is yvet, and will probably be found unfit for cultivation, yvithout ditching. There is no doubt that some day it yvill all be cultivated like a rich garden, for it needs no manure or compost to yield any fruits, trees, or crop suited to the climate. The soil is a rich black mould, from a foot and a half to tyvo feet deep, and lying upon a bed of sand beneath. Through this the yvater readily circulates, and sinks to the level of the lake surface; which is only a very few feet in any part of the plain. It is so level in fact, that the eye cannot detect any undulations, and it may be doubtful whether after the ground is yvorked over, it will not be dry enough yvithout ditching. The roads are made dry enough by only cutting ditches at the sides and rounding up the middle with the excavated soil. The grass groyvs luxuriantly—for the cattle that pasture upon it, are not enough to make any sensible diminution of the crop; and the stab lers in the toyvn have only to go out and cut and stack up hay to supply their year’s con sumption, yvithout money and yvithout price. As you turn to the north, your eye rests upon one of the ®ost beautiful sheets of fresh yva ter in the yvorltl. Now presenting a mirror i like surface, scarcely rippling to the light cool | breeze that plays gently over it; noyv rolling .soft yvaves in whispering accents to the boach en shore ; while the yvhitened sail skims grace fully over the surface: and anon syvelling and murmuring like old ocean itself, .and lashing its shores yvith furious yvaves. Nothing can be grander than to see a heavy summer show er bearing doyvn from the north. It seems to conic like a sudden night, gradually shutting out from your vieyv the surface of the yvater, and extending like a thick black sheet from sea to sky, uniting the firmament of waters a bovc yvith the firmament of yvaters beneath.— Deep calls unto deep! Near you the south wind plays from land to lake; a smooth and sunlit expanse lies before you. In the dis tance you see the meeting of this yvith the north yvind of the tempest. The yvater at first is broken into a ridge, capped yvith foam made by the sun yvhite and bright as embossed silver —while beyond, the caps of the angry yvaves are lost in the shade and cloud. It bears doyvn upon you yvith a power a* of omnipo tence, till lake and shore are alike lost in the tempest. There is a yet more impressive scene. The tempest clears off The sun re-appears, and nature is smiling through her tears. The bow of heaven hangs over the eastern shore of the lake, dipping its tyvo ends in the illumina ted surface, the eye is chained to the beautiful vision till it “runs over yvith the glad surprise,” and its light is quenched yvith its oyvn foun tains. The Lake House is the most commanding object on the western bank ; on the east stands the “old fort,” where there is a small garrison. Its situation is slightly raised, and commands the whole opening from the river into the hike. The land being on the site of the city but a few feet above the lake surface, the river of course has no banks. Its yvaters neither rise nor fall, except when a strong yvind blows clown the lake and forces the lake yvater up the river. It is said to be deep; the vessels pass up through the toyvn and the sails flap o | ver the houses. It seems rather a canal than J a river. It preserves its level so perfectly, | that there is nothing like a fall through its yy hole course ! Some of its higher branches almost meet the branches of the Illinois river ; and it is said that in spring time, when the ice has obstructed the latter, the yvater has been knoyvn to floyv back from them into the Chi | cago river, and thus the yvaters of the Missis sippi have mingled with the lake, and found the ocean through the mouth of the St. Law rence! The Indians say their fathers used to pass from the Illinois river to the lake in ca noes. ! A slight glance at the face of the country yvill satisfy any one that this is highly proba • hie. There can be no doubt that this lake, and consequently all the great chain of lakes, once emptied into the Mississippi! The lied of the river is as distinctly visible as the course of ' tho .Merrimack. Once through the Chicago river ami the Illinois, rushed the torrents that ; now a thousand miles distant, pour themselves | over the falls of Niagara !! This stream yvas then as large as the Mississippi now is. No wonder at that time, the Indians denominated ! this last the “Father of Waters.” What con vulsion of nature opened the neyv channel, and | poured these vast reservoirs into the Gulf of l Mexico, it is in vain for us to conjecture. Chicago is about five years old. Within | that time it has groyvn to contain 8 or 10,000 inhabitants, many important public yvorks, a harbor crowded yvith vessels and steamboats, | wharves loaded yvith merchandize; streets in no mean imitation of Broadway, and a tonnage J rivalling the Atlantic cities, One starts yvith surprise on coming in sight of yvharves lined ; with ships and towering masts, thousands of : miles from the ocean! It stands at the yvest ern, as Buffalo does at the eastern, extremity of this great chain of unbroken inland navi gation, extending along a coast of abundantly , fertile lands and commodious harbors for more i than 2000, and when lake Superior shall be ! opened, of not less than 4000 miles! When i yve recollect that a canal has almost extended the chain on the east by the Niagara falls and i the rapids of the St- Lawrence, to the coast i of Labrador, and a canal nearly excavated, • leading from Chicago tothe navigable waters of the Illinois, yvill extend the chain on the yvest to the Gulf of Mexico, there can be no ; doubt that Chicago is destined to be one of the largest cities on the continent. Messrs. R. L. & A. Stuart, of Neyv York, have a capital of 200,000 invested in the man ufacture of confectionary; and they constant-j lv employ from thirty to forty lianda. Canadian Politics. Low er Canada, which j for the first half century and upwards, after it j fell under the British dominion, was one of the most silent and quiet of all possible colonies, of late years has aroused itself from the lethar ' gy in w-hich it seemed sunk and displayed not a little political activity. The state of the case at present is shortly this. The great bulk of the people of Ixnver Canada are of French descent. Avery small projiortion of the people are of British origin. This small proportion, however, have till lately engrossed the whole political control of the province. The Legislature of the province is composed ot a House of Assembly* elected by the people, and a Council or Upper House, appointed by the Crown. This Council is composed entirely* of English born citizens, or citizens ot English descent. Its politics are and have been ultra Ton/. The Council has uniformly opposed all reforms and all improve ments in the colonial laws and administration ; and these layvs and this administration being founded upon the old French sy*stem, stand in need of improvement in several very important particulars. The Canadians ha\*e therefore gone for Parliamentary Reform. They have demanded that the Council, instead of being appointed by the Crown, should be made elective. This reasonable request is peremptorily refused by the British ministry. The House of Assembly, having no other means to enforce it, have vot ed to stop the supplies; and the British minis try have sent out orders to their Governor to culled the taxes, notwithstanding they are not voted by the Provincial .Issembly. It was this very same despotic attempt on the part of the British Ministry*, that gave rise to the Ameri can Revolution. The Canadians are highly excited at this insolent invasion of their chartered rights ; and they are resolved to resist it at all hazards.— Meanwhile, the little knot of British tories, who have always looked upon the Canadians as their slaves and subjects, are not a little excited at the resolution they exhibit to vindic ate the rights of freemen : and according to the usual custom of despots, they* raise a terrible outcry, as it their privileges Avere invaded, be cause other people choose to vindicate their rights! The leader of the Canadians is Papineau, a man w ho lias been abused without stint or meas ure by* the Canadian tory* press, but who is, not withstanding, a man ot education, fortune and acknowledged talents; an# whose patriotism is only doubted by those who are hostile to popular rights, and who look upon all attempts to vindicate the liberties of an oppressed peo ple as proofs of turbulance and bad principles. It is by editors of this description in Canada, the United States and Great Britain, that Papineau is decried. The population of Lower Canada, at this time, is probably about equal to that of Massa chusettes. The Lower Canadians have a strong party of friends in Upper Canada, though at this moment, by dint of bribery and other sim ilar means, the Tories have succeeded in ob taining a small ma jority in the Colonial Leg islature. The Tories have attempted to stir up a na tional antipathy, and have preached the doc trine that the Canadians are not fit for freedom, because they are of Froncli descent. This is that same illiberal, wretched, contemptible doctrine of .7 agio Saxonism, which some peo ple in this country have attempted to preach, with reference to our Mexican neighbors—a doctrine fit enough for the prejudice and ignor ance of a clan of wandering barbarians, but totally unworthy of an intelligent and civilized community.—[Boston Atlas. Mineral Riches ok Yirginia. The edi tor ot the Richmond (Va.) Enquirer describes a short excursion he made into the coal region of Chesterfield county. Though the soil is comparatively sterile, covered chiefly w ith pine and broom corn, beneath the surface nature lias placed her hidden treasures in profuse abundance. At a few miles from Richmond, you meet the bituminous coal shafts, where the Black Heath Railroad terminates. One shaft is ()70 feet dec]). The whole is overlaid by slate. The new railroad from the coal pits to James River is commenced ; it will be about 4 miles long. The coal for the consumption of Richmond will come by this; that for sliip ment by the Black Heath Railroad. Near the new railroad a rich bed of iron ore, in a coal mine, has lately been discovered; it is a stra tum of 17 to 20 feet, in a shaft of 10 to 50 feet deej). It is near the river, and its value will be incalculable. Captain Jno. Heath is principal ly concerned in the mine. It is the pipe iron, and resembles rusty nails cemented; yields probably 43 per cent. Besides a large bed* of the finest pipe clay, here is also plenty of tim ber. It is thought this vein of iron mnv cross the James River, into Powhatan county. The Bellona Foundry, where cannon are cast for the U. S. Navy, is within the immediate vicin ity. 1 hose cannon are made of Virginia iron, and are said to have exhibited, recently, great tenacity, having withstood 200 double-shotted charges 1000 times, w ith Dupont’s proof load of pow der, without the touch-hole being even bushed. Near the Powhatan line is also a good Sulplier Spring, which also contains Magnesia and Epsom salts. A hotel is to be erected there. The Enquirer adds : “A region that is so rich iu its subterranean treasures, is highly favored, notwithstanding the sterility of its surface. Wherever you move, you may be treading on beds of coal and of iron. In tact, the mineral resources of Virginia are not yet nearly developed. Her marl region—her granite and free stone —her coal beds and iron mines—her gold region, which is just coming to light—her astonishing-, ly rich beds ot copper—her region of lime and i of gypsum, marble—and the various minerals j which repose in the valley and beyond the' mountains, are destined to pour into her lap treasures untold. What we want is industry, ; and enterprise, and science, and some addition- i al capital, to call them to light— to cultivate i her rich staple of wheat, corn, and tobacco— I to improve her roads and rivers- to educate' her sons—to maintain her moral character.” —[X. Y. E. Star. Con and Mackerel Fishery. The Barn stable Patriot says: “Since ‘hard times’ have become the universal topic ot conversation' throughout the Union, it not the world, it af- j fords us no little pleasure to find that the fish ermen ot Cape Cod have been blessed with large discounts from their favorite Banks. We learn that five mackerel-men who have packed their fares at the w harf ofCapt. William Lew - is in this town, have already caught sixteen hundred barrels for the quarter ending in July*. During the same time last season there were less than seven hundred barrels at the wharf”! ( The Bankers of Paris. The Paris Jour nal des Debats thus notices the manner in ' which the merchants and bankers of Paris lent ' their aid to the house of Messrs. Welles & Cos. ; in the exigency in which they were lately j placed. * 1 j The merchants of Paris have just shown by ! a beautiful example how well they understand the extent of the bond which unites them, and j the duties w hich the maintenance of credit im ])oses on them. One of the strongest banking houses in the capital yvas suddenly restricted | hi its operations a few days ago, by the effects of the crisis in America. A subscription of three million of francs yvas immediately made to guarantee the fulfilment of its engagements' w hich proved to Mr. the friendship of his fellow merchants, and their desire to assist in preserving the honorable position which he has acquired among the Parisian bankers. To this subscription of three millions, the Bank of France lias added another of one mil lion, this morning. We have seen with pleas ure, in this affair, our first banking establish ment exerting itself in an act at once useful and honorable. However, in reflecting on the extent of the misfortunes which this "act-was : intended to prevent, the dreadful effects of j "hich might have been troublesome to the j Bank itself, we cannot help thinking, that, had this establishment better understood the duties of its situation, it would perhaps have increas ed the extent and hastened the time of its co operation. Timothy Wiggin, Esq. the London banker whose failure is reported bv the last arrival from Liverpool, is a native of Hopkinton in tins State. He resided for some years in this city* and then went to England, wdiere he has con tinued ever since, and yvhere he has been con sidered one of the most responsible and re spectable bankers in the American loans. Notwithstanding the extent of his lie has been in the habit of keeping his own books, and negociating his own loans ; and the amenity and suavity of his manners, add ed to his strict and uncompromising integrity, has gained him the esteem of all yvith yvhoin he has held any business transactions. The failure of such men is a public calamity, and can be accounted for only by those mischan ces of fate from which the most active busi ness habits and the most acute foresight do not form an exception. [Boston Times? [Bv the example of Mr. Wiggin, many of our young traders at the present time may profit, if they w ill but condescend to follow it. It lias been, and is now, too much the practice j among them to employ two or more clerks to ; wait on them before the profits arising from j their business w ill justify- the expense incurred, j and while they have sufficient time to take care jof their books themselves, as lias been the laudable practice of Mr. Wiggin of London. The absurd notion that as soon as a young man “ sets up for himself,” he becomes a gen | Homan at large, and has nothing more to do, than to look on and give directions, is too prevalent in the yvork shop as w-ell as in tho counting room. The many that have fallen by l,s adoption, furnish sad warnings to others to abandon it. The failure of Mr. Wiggin is no objection to the correctness of these re marks. It lias been the effect of unavoidable misfortune, not of inattention or imprudence. It has proceeded from causes not within, but beyond his control. It is one of a description of cases not only of rare, but of uncommon i occurrence. A faithful imitation of his ex j ample will generally lead to competence, if not ito independence and rvealth. Misfortunes may ! befal, but do not overwhelm such men. They ! may suffer, but are not ruined by th& trial.— ■ They come from the ordeal with a reputation | uninjured, and frequently by the subsequent j employment of their previously formed atten j five and industrious business habits, are en ! abled to satisfy to the last farthing the de mands of their creditors, and thus establish their characters on the firmest basis for abili ty and unsullied integrity.] Portland Advertiser. Late from Smyrna. The Casket at Bos ton, brings accounts from Smyrna to the 23J May. The Plague continues at the latest dates to rage amongst the Turks and Jews, w hile among the Christians the disease dimin ishes. At Bournabat the Turks to the num ber of 8 or 10 a day yvere attacked. Dr. Balard a I'rench Physician of experience, is engag in investigating the nature of the malady. 1 he Cholera at Mecca committed great rava ges—a tenth of the Pilgrims died. They were denied the privilege of returning by the usual route through Egypt. Egypt. The plague continues its ravages chiefly among the workmen in the Arsenal or on hoard the ships of war at Alexandria. Greece. Pile village of Yolo has been pillaged by a band of brigands, and inanv of the inhabitants taken prisoners, to be made slaves. : Late London papers state that the death of I the Duchess ot St. Albans was dailv expeet ' ed. She retired some time since from Coutt’s bank, on the moderate allowance of £70,000 a year. Her immense property will go inpirt to the children of Sir Francis Burdet, whose first wife was the daughter of Mr. Coutts. Monroe Rail Road Bank. We are au i thorised to say, that the bills of this Bank are now received in all the Banks of the city of i Savannah. We are glad to see that this' in stitution is in a fair way to reinstate itself, and to make its bills again current Connected as it is with a most important work in which the whole community are deeply interested, it i particularly recommends itself to our fostering aid and protection. Notice to Newspaper Publishers. I lie Editor ol ‘Delawarean,” published at YV ilrnington, proposes to prepare a newspaper director)/, and therefore asks ns a favor, that each newspaper publisher in the United States will forward him, by mail, one copy of his paper. He intends to arrange them by States, giving their politics, tscc. For this favor, each editor sending his paper shall receive one copy of the Directory, as soon as made ready. The advantages of a sheet of this kind to publishers, must he apparent to alj. Editors will please copy the above once or twice in order to inve it circula tion. To pardon those absurdities in ourselves, which we cannot suffer in others, is neith er better nor worse than to be more will ing to be fools ourselves than to have oth ers so.