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Reminiscences and Facts connected tcilh the Life of the late John Randolph, i On a bright sunny morning, early in February, 1798, might have been seen catering our book-store, in Charleston, S. C. a fine looking, florid complexioried old gentleman, with hair as white as snow which contrasted with his complex ion, showed to have been a free liver, or bon vivant , of the first order; alone with him was a tall, gawky looking, flaxen haired stripling, apparently of the age from 16. to 18, with a complexion of a good parchment color, beardless chin, and as much assumed self consequence! ns any two footed animal we ever saw; this was John Randolph. We handed him from the shelves volume after vol ume, which he tumbled carelessly over and handed hack again; at length he hit upon something that struck Ins fancy— our eye happened to he fixed upon his ’ face at the moment, and never did we witness so sudden, so perfect a change of the human countenance; that which be fore was dull and heavy, in a moment be came animated and flashed with the brightest beams of intellect, he stepped j up to the old grey headed gentleman, and j giving him a thundering slap on the | shoulder, said, “Jack, look r.t this! - ’ Wc were young then, bnt we never can for get the thought that rushed upon our mind at the moment, which was, that he was the most impudent youth we ever saw. He had come to Charleston to at tend the races. Some two or three years after his visit to Charleston, he was elected a member of Con gress, and such was still his youth ful appearance, that when he appeared at the clerk’s table to qualify, that gentle man could not refrain from asking him his age; the answer was prompt, if not satisfactory—-“ask my constituents, sir,” was the reply. John Adams was then President, and Mr. Randolph took a de cided part against his administration. Congress was sitting in Philadelphia, and Mr. Adams' “hot water war with France,” being then on the tapis, the latitude o! Mr. R. gave his tongue in debate, occa sioned his being assaulted in the lobby of the theatre, by an officer of the army or navy, we do not recollect which, or who he was, but Mr. Randolph made a formal complaint, which to the best of our mem ory, met with but a cold reception. Par ty runs high enough now, and much too high for the good of the country —hut be who supposes it never rose higher, knows nothing of the period to which we al lude. Among the members of Congress Mr. Randolph had but few personal friends, but those few he “riveted to his soul with bonds of steel.” Among them was the Hon. Mr. Bryan from Georgia, the late Gov. D. R. Will iams of S. Carolina, and the venerable Nathati’l Macon ofN. Caro lina. At the close oftlie session,soon after the removal ofCongress to Washington,the former of those gentlemen (Mr. Bryan) married a daughter of Gen. Foreman of Maryland, and with her and her sister spent some days in Charleston, when on their way to his estate in Georgia. On this occasion Mr. Bryan showed us a let ter which licjjad just received from Mr. Randolph, congratulating him upon his marriage. A letter of more beautiful simplicity and feeling we never read. We recollect that, while the writer dwelt up on the happiness and advantages to he expected from wedded life; he spoke feel ingly of never expecting to enjoy them himscl f. The Yazoo Fraud, a greater than which never disgraced the annals of a State or nation, came before Congress about this time. We are acquainted with some of the nefarious transactions which gave rise to tins stupendous villainy. In 1794, a number of men in Georgia, join ed by some in South Carolina, railing themselves the Yazoo Company, applied to the Legislature of Georgia, i ( .)o, for a grant of an immense tract of territory, to! which she had no right, and over which she had no jurisdiction: hut the men who formed this company were not to he casi-! Iv put off, and a title from some Legisla ture ivas indispensable to the success of their scheme. They effected by bribery the accomplishment of their object; it be came a matter of public notoriety that the whole Legislature were bribed to grant the title asked for, but which they had no right to grant. The manner in which it had been obtained, was bruited i:i the newspapers of the day, anil none could plead ignorance. The grant be ing thus obtained, agents were imme diately sent through tho States, to dispose of the “stolen goods.” They visited Boston where a company was immediate ly formed, called “The New England Mississippi Land*Company,” who pur chased to the extent of some millions <,f dollars of these lands, knowing them . to have been fraudently obtained. YVe were in Georgia the next year, 1796, when the new Legislature, who had been elected with a direct view to this subject, having assembled at the seat of government, and taking the necessary preliminary steps, went in grand proces sion, with their respective officers at their head, and burnt, by the hands of a com mon hangman, the record of the infa mous proceedings of their predecessors; and with, them, the infamous grant itself. The Yazoo claim was, by the New En gland Mississippi Land Company, to re cover from Congress the value of the lands so obtained: and it was in opposi tion to this application, that Mr. Ran dolph immortalized himself, in speeches that will stand “the test of human scruti-l ny, of talents, and of time.” It was reg- j ularly brought forward every session, and as regularly defeated by him. The late I Gen. Wade Hampton and O’Brien Smith, j were both elected to Congress, with ai sole view to the carrying through this un righteous measure; and it was during its discussion one day, when they were in the House, that Mr. Randolph made the withering remark, which rung through the Fnion at the time. Shaking his long, lank linger at Mr. 11a mpton, he exclaim ed at the top of his voice, “Mr. Speaker, I hope, sir, to see the day when a Y azoo claimant and a villain will he synonymous terms.” On the evening following Mr. Hampton bundled up his papers and waited on Mr. Randolph, whose, first salutation on the occasion was, “have you come for peace, or for war?” For peace, was the reply, or I should not bring these papers. Jn an evil hour, Mr. Randolph was left out, and before his re election, the hill was passed, and the rob-j loerv consummated, to the amount of five millions of dollars. An event which could not have taken place w hilst he had a seat in that House. 1 Mr. Randolph was at all times eccen tric, and in the latter part of his life at times, insane. [Cincinnati Evening Post. The last Standard of Fnion has a re joinder to our reply to that print, on a former occasion; the main point and ob ject of which, so far as we may judge, is to draw from us an answer to the ques tion, whether at the presidential election, three tears hence, we will prefer Webster, Clay, or Van Burcn. The question is easily answered. We prefer neither. I Webster, although no abolitionist, so far as we are apprised, is yet as bad on the j general question of slavery, .Mr. Van Buren; and therefore not to be thought of by us, for preferment of any kind: He lis quite at had ns Mr. Van Buren; in believing tiiat Congress has by the Constitution, power over this subject in the District of Columbia and the ’Ferrite- i ries; and in going against tiie admission \ of Texas into lhe Fnion, on account of, slavery, lie is almost as Ind as Mr. Van! ! Buren, in going against the admission of Missouri, on the same grounds. As to Mr. Clay, we have us little dilfi-i culty. We cannot support for office, j one whose policy and political views,! however honest, are decidedly adverse to the interests of the South. Mr. Clay has identified himself with a course of poli cy on the part of the Federal Govern ment, which is in our opinion no less un just than injurious to the best interests of the South; against his views we have warred hitherto, and shall continue to war uncompromisingly; therefore our support of Mr. Clay for the Presidency, is about as much out of the question, as that of the other two. As to the .standard's enquiry in regard to Gen. Harrison, it would he about as much in point for us to ask our neighbor, if it can under any circumstances be brought to support for the Presidency, Major Jack Downing.— [Milledgeville Recorder. Nmv Mam. Aukanui.men t. Mail cars, constructed under the directions of the Post Office Department, are now run ning on the railroads between Washing ton and Philadelphia. They contain two ap irtmoiits; one appropriated to the ac commodation of the great mails, and the other to the way mails and a Post Office A u nt. The latter apartment is fitted tip with boxes, labelled with the names of ail the small offices on or near the railroad lines. It is also a letter box in front, into which letters may he put up to the mo ment of starting the cars, and anywhere on the road. The Agent of the Post Office Depart-j metit attends the mail from the Post Of-i fires at the ends of the route, ami sees it safely deposited in his car. As soon as the cars start, he opens the letter-box and takes out all the letters, marking them so! as to designate the place where they are | put in. lie then opens the way mail bag,: and distributes its contents into the sever- j al boxes. As the cars approach a Post Office, tlie* Agent takes out the contents! of the proper box and puts them into a pouch. The engineer slackens the speed of the train, and the Agent hands the i pouch to the postmaster, or carrier, who stands beside the track to take it, receiv ing from him, at the same time, another pouch, with the matter to be sent from that office. This the Agent immediately opens, and distributes its contents into the proper boxes. Having supplied thus all the way offices, the Agent, when ar riv'd at the end of the route, sees the tuW*safely delivered into the Post Office. THE TIDE OF SPECIE. The gold and silver current which ran front America last spring and summer, is now running back again under the opeia tion oftlie exchanges. Thus: Ship Toronto, 890,000 “ Ontario, 90,000 “ Westminster, 146,000 The Burgundy, from Havre, brings a box of doubloons for the Bank of Ameri ca. Insurance has been effected in Wall street, on 8100,000 by the London packet oftlie Ist March. The specie in the Banks of this city, : March Ist, exceed their circulation 883,- 044, —and all these amounts have been ■ since that time ! BRUNSWICK ADVOCATE. THE ADVOCATE. j BRUNSWICK, (Ga.). APRIL 12, 1838. i State Rights 'Fickct for Congress. ELECTION FIRST MONDAY IN OCTOBER. | THOMAS BUTLER KING, of Glynn. WILLIAM C. DAWSON, of Greene. JULIUS C. ALFORD, of Troupe. WALTER T. COLQUITT, of Muscogee RICHARD W. HABERSHAM, of Habersham j EDWARD J. BLACK, . f Scriven. MARK A. COOPER, of Hall. EUGENICS A. NESBIT, of Bibb. LOT WARREN, of Sumpter. AGENTS FOR TIIE ADVOCATE. Rilh County. Alexander Richards, Esq. Telfair “ Rev. Charles J. Shelton. Mclntosh “ James Blue. Esq. to Navigators. Capt. L. Sistare, of New York, at the re quest of J. L. Locke, Esq. Resilient Agent of the Brunswick Canal and Land Companies has made a survey of the waters forming the Port. of Brunswick, and of the bars at the entrance i of the same, and having made careful and I constant soundings throughout the Channels of the Sound and Harbor, has placed buoys on the outer bar, and one buoy on the l middle ground between the outer bar and St.; Simons’ Lighthouse, as appears in the follow- ; ing statement of the exact location of the i buoys, accompanied by sailing directions for ! entering the Port: CAPTAIN SIST A RE’S STATEMENT. I I have placed a Black Buoy on the Southeast j end of the North Sand spit, which makes out j from the southerly point of St. Simons Island,' and is known by the name, of the “North Breaker.” From the Black Buoy, St. Simon’s Light bears N. YV. and by W. 1-3 W.-dw-i taut, six miles. It is placed in two and one \ half fathoms at low water. 1 have placed a White Buoy on the Northeast j end of the South Sand spit, which makes out j from the easterly side of Jekyl Island, and ! which is known by the name of the “South! Breaker.” This White Buoy bears S. S. E. from the Black Buoy, distant one mile and one quarter, and is placed in three fathoms at low water. The Channel lies between these two Buoys, ■ and is from three and one half fathoms to four! and one half fathoms at low water, and; holds the width of one mile and one quarter j to the Middle ground, which is u bank of sand resting on the Southern or Jekyl spit, and jut- i ting into the Channel way for one half mile, leaving n channel between this middle ground and the Northern or St. Simon’s spit of three quarters of a mile in width. I have placed a Black Buoy on the Northern i side of this middle ground, in two and one ] quarto- fathoms at low water. From this: middle ground Buoy the Light bears N. j W. and by \Y T . 1-3 YV.—distant four miles from the Lighthouse. SAILING DIRECTIONS. Vessels approaching the Bar should endeav or to get the Black Buoy on the north Breaker to bear \\’. S. YV. and run for it, passing it at two cables length, leaving it on the Starboard 1 hand. When abreast of it haul up YV. N. YY’. channel course, to pass the Middle Ground, leaving the Buoy on the Middle Ground on the larboard hand, giving it a good berth. Then steer YV. by N. to pass the Light, upon passing which the vessel is in safety in ten fathoms water. The slioalest soundings in the Chan nel are three and one quarter fathoms at low water. By these directions, therefore, any vessel drawing less than seventeen feet can cmne in to port at dead low water. The tide j rises on the bar six feet common tides. (Signed) L. SISTARE. COMMERCIAL CONVENTION AT AU GUSTA. Ti io following account of the interesting pro- j ceedings of this Convention, we abstract from the Augusta Constitutionalist : First day. Monday 2d inst Thisconven-j tion assembled in our city yesterday at 12 o’- clock, in the Presbyterian church. Kerr Boyce, Esq., of Charleston, was called to the chair of the convention. Alter taking the chair, the chairman called on the delegates from different states to come forward and register their names, commencing with North Carolina, when one hundred and thirty-fbur delegates caine forward. The meeting was then organized by the el ection oftlie Hon. Thomas Butler King, of the delegation from Brunswick, President of the Convention. On taking the Chair, Mr. j King, in an able and eloquent address, explain- j cd the objects of the Convention, and enforced j the importance of their united action. N. W. Cocke, Esq. was appointed Secretary. | Gen. Ilnyne, of Charleston, then addressed i tiie Convention, and offered the following res-, olutioii: It, solved, That a committee be appointed by tin- chair to consider and report on the meas- j arcs proper to be adopted by the convention, j Under w hich resolution, the following Com-j mittcc wore appointed. Gen. R. Y r . Moyne, Chairman. Gen. J. Owen, Wilmington, N. C. YV. Pairing. Esq. Athens, Geo. Gen. George McDuffie, Charleston. Gen. Scott, Montgomery, Ala. Col. R. H. Long, Florida. Jos. Gumming, Esq. Savannah. Col. Blanding, Columbia, S. C. G. B. Lamar, Esq. Savannah. Col. A. P. I Inyne, Charleston. Col. H. 11. Cumming, Augusta. Hon. J. P. King, do. A. McDowal, Charleston, j J. K. Douglass, Camden. Dr. R. Collins, Macon. Ker Boyce, Charleston. YV. YV. Starke, Hamburg. A. Black, Charleston. Col. N. McGehee, Milledgeville. E. J. Hale, Fayetteville, N. C. Hon. P. Noble, Abbeville. To which were afterwards added, J. T. Soutter, E«q. Norfolk, Va. L. M. Wiley, Esq. Charleston. C. G. Memminger, Esq. do. A. Mitchell, Esq. Darien. Allen, and J. S. Millson, Norfolk, \ r a. Edward Thomas and A. Johnston, Augusta, Ga. Dr. Branham, Eatonton, and Dr. Jones, Madi son, Ga. A letter was then read from a committee ap pointed by the Mobile board of trade for the purpose, approving of the object ofthe conven tion, w hich was ordered to be recorded. Ker Boyce, Esq. of Charleston, then handed in a circular from the Charleston Banks, to be read for the information of the convention. The object of this circular is to get up a Bank Con vention in Charleston, in May next, to be com-1 posed of delegates from the different banks in South Carolina, Georgia, and other States, to take into consideration, measures for the simul- j taueous resumption of specie payments, should that measure be deemed expedient by them. ! The South Carolina Committee, appointed j at the last convention to memorialize the Leg islature of that State in relation to Limited Partnerships, made their report through Alex. Black, Esq., which was read and ordered to be recorded. The Convention then adjourned to to-mor row, 12 o’clock, to meet at the same place. Second day, Tuesday, 3d inst. In the course of the session of the Convention, forty seven delegates appeared and registered their names, making in all one hundred and eighty one delegates, from Y’irginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida and Alabama, j Gen. Hayne, Chairman of the Committee ap- j pointed yesterday by the President, then rose j and stated to the convention, in behalf of that | committee, that after a laborious session, they j had adopted sundry resolutions, (which were j submitted to the convention,) but that the com mittee had not completed their labors, but hop- ! ed to be able to report in lull to the conven- j tion to-morrow. Mr. Millson, of Y’irginia, offered the follow- ■ ing resolution, which was referred to the com- j mittee. Jlesolved, As the opinion of this convention,; that the establishment by manufacturers in [ foreign countries of agencies in the chief; southern ports, for the sale of various articles ; exported by them to the United States, would conduce to the restoration of the direct foreign I trade oftlie south* The convention adjourned till 10 o’clock of the next day. Third day, YVcdnesday, 4th instant. Mr. A. M. Robertson offered to the j Convention the resolutions adopted at aj meeting of tiie citizens of Tuscaloosa,! Ala. which were read and ordered to be ; recorded on the minutes. Gen. Ilnyne, of Charleston, Chairman ! of the Select Committee, then rose, and read in a clear and distinct manner, the able report, which was listened to with breathless silence. After he had finish ed reading the report, he requested Col. Memminger to read the resolutions re ported by the committee, which, with some additions and amendments made by the Convention, were as follows, all of which were adopted. 1. Resolved, That a direct trade is the natural channel of communication be tween nations, which offer to each other the best market for their mutual produc tions; and that the intervention of a third party must operate as a tax upon the ex changes between them. 2. Resolved, That the Southern and j Southwestern States of this Union afford! those staples with which arc purchased nearly the whole foreign imports of the country; that they are the consumers of a large portion of these imports; and ought naturally themselves to furnish the chan nel through which the exchange is made;! that or. no occasion have their citizens been found incapable of maintaining themselves in fair competition with other sections; and that the diversion of their trade from its natural channels, must have been brought about by the unequal action of the federal government, or by the abstraction of our people towards other pursuits. 3. Resolved, That in the opinion ofj this Convention such a state of things! should no longer continue; that the pres-1 ent condition of the commercial relations' of the country, and the disruption of the j Existing channels of trade, afford an op-' portunity of breaking down the trammels: which have so long fettered our com merce, and of restoring to the South its! natural advantages; and that it is incum bent upon every man, who has at heart the-good of his country, to lend his best ex ertions to the promotion of these objects and to establish our trade upon a sound and permanent basis. 4. Resolved, That this Convention is fully aware of the difficulties to be over come in the prosecution of their enter prise; but nothing daunted thereby, and fully relying upon the public spirit and zealous co-operation of their fellow-citi zens, they are determined to advance with untiring perseverance; and with that view, do earnestly recommend the adoption of the following measures. 1. That an effort should be made to afford to the importers and purchasers at Southern seaports, the same facilities which are offered elsewhere; and with this view it is recommended that the Banks in the seaports should immediately apply a portion of their respective capi tals, to the purchase of foreign exchange, and to the procurement of credits or funds lin Europe; and that they should afford the use of the same to the importing merchant upon a discount or collateral pledge of such good paper as he may take from the merchants of the interior, and that this accommodation be afforded as well upon paper having more than six months to run, as upon that having less; and that the Banks of the interior co operate by collecting and remitting the proceeds of such paper to the banks on the sea coast; that they maintain the credit of their bills, and keep down the exchanges by redeeming their own paper at the seaports; and that on the other hand the banks in the Southern Atlantic cities make arrangements by which the notes of all of them shall be at par in each. 2. That with a view to the important subject of equalizing the exchanges be tween Southern and South-western States and Territories, this Convention earnest ly recommend to the various Banks of the principal cities of those States, or such as may be conveniently located, to re ceive the Bills of each other in their gen eral business, and to adopt such arrange ments for settlements, at sHort periods, as they may deem suitable and proper; the Banks against whom the balance should fall, to furnish funds for settling the same, or to pay an interest of six per cent, from the period of settlement, and that a committee of five be appointed to take such measures as. in their judgment, will carry fully effect the preceding re commendations. 3. That the Merchants of the South and Southwest, be earnestly recommend ed to give preference to the importers in their own markets, and that they afford them an opportunity of fair competition with other sections, by making their first calls for purchases at Southern and South western seaports; and on the other hand, that the Merchants at the sea-ports shall, forthwith, set about importing such stocks of goods, as will ensure, at fair rates, a supply to the demand from the merchants of the interior. 4. That an earnest and united effort should be made to draw-home the capital invested by the South in Banks and Com panies abroad; and to employ the same, together with such surplus capital as ex ists at home, in mercantile operations; and that with this view men of influence and character he earnestly invited to af ford the benefit of their example, by en tering into Limited Partnerships, under the laws lately passed by the states of Virginia, South Carolina, Georgia, Ala bama, Tennessee and Florida. 5. That this Convention cannot but view with deep regret, the neglect of all commercial pursuits which has hitherto prevailed among the youth of our coun try, and which has necessarily thrown its most important interests into the hands of those who by feeling and habit are led into commercial connections elsewhere. This Convention, therefore, cannot too earnestly recommend the speedy adoption by all their fellow citizens of measures to introduce commercial education among our youth, to train them up to habits of business, and thereby to estab lish a body of merchants whose every in terest and feeling shall be centered in the country which has reared and sustained them. 5. Resolved, That this convention is of opinion that the establishment by man ufacturers in foreign countries of agen cies in the chief southern ports, for the sale of the various articles exported by them to the United States, would con duce to the restoration of the direct for eign trade of the south; and that similar establishments, for the sale of domestic articles would be acceptable. 6. Resolved, that a committee of five be appointed to prepare an address to the people of the Southern and Southwestern states, urging upon them the expediency of giving their hearty co-operation, in the accomplishment of the great object of this Convention. *• 7. Resolved, That when this Conven tion adjourns, it shall adjourn to meet at Augusta on the third Monday in October next, and that a committee of corres pondence he appointed, whose duty it shall he to take the proper measures to enlist the feelings of the people, and se cure a cordial co-operation on the part of the States interested in the objects of this Convention, and to secure a full repre sentation from every part of those states. 8. Resolved, That it is recommended to the members of this convention, to assemble the citizens of their counties or districts, and place before them their pro ceedings, and urge upon them the expe diency of promoting the measures re commended by this convention, and par ticularly of forming Limited Partnerships, under the laws passed by the southern states, as aforesaid. Whereas, the completion of the lines connecting the Southern Atlantic cities with the great valley of the Mississippi is the most prominent"tmd efficient measure to promote the useful and patriotic ob ject which has called this Convention to gether, therefore, 9. Resolved, That this Convention is deeply and solemnly impressed with the transcend ant importance of the great works of Internal Improvement, which is intended to effect this intercommunica tion, and must earnestly invoke the peo ple of the South and South-western States to bring all their energies and resources to bear upon this vital point, not doubting that such efforts will crown with brilliant success the noble enterprise. 10. Resolved, That the members of this convention in recommending the aforesaid resolutions to their constituents, of the southern and southwestern states, will afford to them the most undoubted pledge of their sincerity, bv adopting them as a rule for their conduct, hereby ‘ declaring in the most solemn manner, in ; the tenable of the Most High, that in all | commercial dealings they will give prefer ! ence to the Direct Importer, and zealous ly endeavor in all cases, to carry out, the views and recommendations of this con vention. Previous to any question being taken on the resolutions, Col. Memminger rose and addressed the convention at length, ill a very able speech, in which he touch ed on the effects of the Tariff, the United States Bank, the Deposite Banks, and Mr YVright’s warehouse system, on the com merce of the south. We have been promised a copy of this speech, and hope to be able shortly to give it to our readers. Resolutions were then unanimously adopted, returning thanks to the Chair man of the committee, and the President and Secretary of the Convention, for the able manner in which they had discharg ed their various duties; to the Trustees of the Church for the use of their building, and to the citizens of Augusta for their hospitality. After which it was moved and carried, on motion of Ker Boyce, Esq., of Charleston that the Charleston delegation have the proceedings of this convention printed and distributed under their supervision and at their expense. It was also resolved that the President ap point the committees under the above re olutions at his leisure. The Convention then adjourned sine die. INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. We have received a copy of a report, dated 12th March, to the State Legislature of New York. It was prepared by a Committee, of whom Samuel B. Ruggles was chairman, and is drawn up in the most able and masterly manner. The whole report well repays the most careful and minute attention, and we mftch regret that our limits confine us to a short extract A constant reference to the experience of New York, is most important to our State, now just entering upon the wise and beneficent policy of internal improvement. Georgia, like New York in 1816, now finds herself with a back country prodigiously increasing, and her western settlements on all sides expand ing much faster than their means of commun ication. She therefore must see most clearly, as the immortal Dewitt Clinton in 1816 saw, that the want of sueh communications by internal improvements, must check her growth and divert the channels of trade and popula tion to other States. Georgia, like New Y’ork, has natural advan tages for connection with the YVest and the Southwe t, beyond those' of any other State. In the direct line of her Wester.* Rail road is the most practicable pas3 of the Alleghanies south of the New Y’ork State line. This stu pendous chain, which is passed in. Pennsylva nia by ten inclined planes, the summit being 2400 feet above the level of the sea, and over which the engineers of the Charleston and Cincinnati Rail road, have never publish ed their levels, is crossed by the Georgia Western and Atlantic Rail road at a grade of but thirty feet to the mile, as may be seen by Col. Long’s report. Nor should the Gulf of Mexico be forgot ten in describing the natural position of Geor gia. The immediate object of the internal improvements in New Y’ork was, to connect the Lakes, those immense inland seas, with the best seaport of the North. Now the Gulf of Mexico is a larger sea than the Lakes, and already has a larger commerce. As respects commercial advantages, the Gulf of Mexico is as much insulated as were the Lakes, before the Erie Canal was made. Those Lakes had then, as now, an outlet by the St. Lawrence, a magnificent and beautiful river, but of danger ous navigation and affording an indirect route. So, too, the Gulf of Mexico has its natural outlet by the Gulf Stream, —but the immense promontory of Florida, five hundred miles in length, anil causing one thousand miles of in direct navigation—the reefs of Tortugas and Key West, tend to enhance the delay and ex pense of communication. The best, the most natural and direct outlet for that Gulf, lies througli the State of Georgia. The best har bors, and the most level routes invite the con struction of public works to effect this connec tion between the Gulf and the immense amount of Southwestern Commerce and trav el. This parallel between the position and in terests of Georgia and New Y’ork, might be drawn at much greater length. Sufficient has been said to shew that her interests are the same, and her natural advantages even great er. Let her follow, then, the New Y’ork poli cy of Internal Improvements. Let her regard that great and successful example with the at tention and consideration to whicli it is enti tled, remembering that it speaks not in the tone of speculation and prediction, but with the voice of experience and history. [Extract from Mr. Ruggles’ Report.] “The financial history of the State of New Y’ork, during the last twenty years, is replete I with instruction, and cannot be too attentively ! examined. Within that eventful period we witness the origin, progress and final success of those great measures of internal improve ment, which have overcome not only the bar riers of nature bnt the more formidable obsta cles of prejudice, incredulity and error, and which are destined, in the latter respect at least, to achieve victories yet more signal. “Perhaps the most striking fact which all that history presents, is the remarkable failure of our distinguished men adequately to esti mate the pecuniary value of the canals. The most sanguine anticipations of the most en thusiastic supporters of our policy of internal improvement, fell far short of the actual re sults which that policy has produced: while the doubts and forebodings of its opponents, are remembered only as curious portions of onr intellectual history. The State itself seemed wholly unconscious of its latent