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Brumgliicli fr ttac and t e+. BY CHARLES DAVIS.] VOLUME 2. BRUNSWICK ADVOCATE. AGENTS. Bibb County. Alexander Richards, Esq. Telfair “ Rev. Charles J. Shelton. Mclntosh “ James Blue, Esq. Houston “ B. J. Smith, Esq. Pulaski “ Norman McDuffie, Esq. Ticiggs “ William H. Robinson, Esq. Wayne “ Robert Howe, Esq. • TERMS. Three Dollars in advance—s 4at the end of the year. 07fio subscriptions received for a less term than six months and no paper discontinu ed until all arrearages are paid except at the option of the publisher. O’All letters and communications in relation to the paper, must be POST PAID to en sure attention. )U*ADV ERTISEMENTS conspicuously in serted at One Dollar per one hundred words, for the first insertion, and Fifty Cents for ev ery subsequent,continuance—Rule and figure work always double price. Twenty-five per cent, added, if not paid in advance, or during the continuance of the advertisement. Those sent without a specification of the number of insertions will be published until ordered out, and charged accordingly. Legal Advertisements published at the usual rates. ITT* N . B. Sales of Land, by Administrators. Executors or Guardians, are required, by law, to be held on the first Tuesday in the month, between the hours of ten in the forenoon and three in the afternoon, at the Court-house in the county in which the property is situate.— Notice of these sales must be given in a public gazette, Sixty Days previous to the day of sale. Sales of Negroes must be at public auction, on the first Tuesday of the month, between the usual hours of sale, at the place of public sales in the county where the letters testamentary, of Administration or Guardianship, may have been granted, first giving sixty days notice thereof, in one of the public gazettes of this State, and at the door of the Court-house,where such gales are to be held. Notice for the sale of Personal Property,must be given in like manner, Forty days previous to the day of sale. Notice to the Debtors and Creditors of an Es tate must be published for Forty days. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell Land, must bepublished for Fol k Months. Notice for leave to sell Negroes, must be published for Four Months, before any order absolute shall be made thereon by the Court. NIM. I\<«RAHA:»f, RECENTLY from Boston, would respect fully invite the attention of the Ladies of this and the adjoining counties to her Es tablishment, just opened in Brunswick, over tile store of Kicc, Barker & Cos., where may be found an elegant assortment of French, English, Italian Sf Canton Foods, consisting in part of rich Satin, Brocade, Fig and and Plain SILKS; Mouseline de Laines. dial lies, Crapes, Muslins; elegant wrought Capes, Collars. Shawls. Handkerchiefs. Scarfs ; Gar niture. Cap and Belt Ribbons; Gloves, of every description; Hosiery; French Shoes; French Flowers; Feathers; a great variety of Straw and Leghorn Bonnets. Also, the latest Paris, London, N. York and Boston Fashions for Milli.sakv and Dkkss Making. Oct. 25. U~pThe Darien Telegraph will give the a bove three insertions and forward bill to this office for payment. To Printers Publishers. THE subscribers have just completed their new Specimen Book of light faced Book and Job Printing Types, Flowers and Orna ments, the contents of which are herewith partially given. Diamond, Pearl, Nos. 1 and 2, Agate, Nos. 1, 2 and 3, Agate on Nonpariel body, Nonpariel Nos. 1,2, 3 and 4, Minionettc, Nos, i and 2. Minion, Nos, 1,2, 3, and 5, Minion on Brevcr body, Brevier on Minion body, Brevier, Nos, 1,2, 3 and 4, Brevier on Long Primer body, Bourgeois on Brevier body, Bourgeois, Nos. 1,3 and 4, Bourgeois on Long Primer body, Long Primer, Nos. 1,2, 3 and 4, Long Primer on Small Pica body, Small Pica, Nos. 1, and 2, Pica on Small Pica body, Pica, Nos. 1,2 and 3, Pica on English body, English, Nos. 1, and 2, Great Primer, Paragon, Double Engish, Double Paragon, Cannon. Five Line Pica to Twenty, Eight Line Pica. Gothic Condensed to 25, Seven Line and Ten Line Pica Ornamental, 0, 7 9. 12 and 15 Lines Pica shaded, £. 10 15 and 10 Lines Antique shaded. Also? a large and beautiful collection of Flow ers from Pearl to seven line Pica, which are •not to be found in any other specimen ; anew assortment of Ornamental Dashes; a variety <>l ■Card Borders; near two thousand metal Orna ments; brass Buie; Leads of various thick ness ; astronomical and physical signs ; metal and brass dashes, from three to 311 ems long ; great primer and double pica scripts on inclin ed bodies; diamond and nonpariel music of various kinds; antique light and heavy face two line letter , full face roman and italic non pariel ; minion, brevier, long primer and other blacks ; nonpariel, minion and brevier Greek. Hebrew and Saxon. j*ii*crr* variety of Ornaments, calculated particularly for the Spanish and South Ameri can markets; Spanish, French and Portuguese accents furnished to order, with every other article made use of in the printing business.— All of which can be furnished at short notice of as good quality and on as reasonable terms os any other Corner of Nassau and Ann streets, N York. Oct. 11. BOOK AND JOB PRINTING, Dene at this Office. PUBLISHED EVERY. THURSDAY MORNING, IN THE CITY OF BRUNSWICK, GLYXK COUNTY, GEORGIA BRUNSWICK, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 22, 1838. MESSAGE. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, > Millf.dgf.ville, (j Nov. ItSkx \ Fellow Citizens of the Semite and House of Rcprescntati vts: I congratulate you upon the successful removal of the Cherokces from the State; that you will no longer he harassed in your legislative proceedings by the per plexing relations which have hitherto ex isted between them, the United States, and Georgia; that our citizens are at last in the quiet possession of all their lands; and the State the undisputed sovereign within her own territory. Immediately upon coming into office a correspondence was entered into with in telligent persons in different parts of the Cherokee country for the purpose of as certaining the temper and designs of the Indians, and the extent of the danger to be apprehended from them, and with the Secretary of War, and Col. Lindsay, (then commanding in the Cherokee coun try,) as to the force which should be provided to give security to our citi zens. Enquiry was made into the conduct of the agents who had been appointed to protect the rights of the Indians. It hav ing been found that this trust, important both for the character and peace of the country had not been discharged at all bv some, and abused by others, and that considerable irritation had already been excited by trespasses upon the property of the Indians, and by the unauthorized interference of the officers of the United States in assuming the right to adjust them; measures were taken to control this improper conduct of the officers, and respectable agents were appointed to take care that wrongs done to the Indians should be properly redressed. It was considered highly important not only to secure the people against actual danger, but to create among them such confidence in their safety as to prevent the panics from idle rumors, to which those who arc exposed at all to attacks from Indians are peculiarly subject. The militia of the Cherokee country having been disorganized by the with drawal of a considerable part of its force to Florida, orders were given and re peatedly enforced upon the officers toper feet their commands. A regiment composed of one company of mounted infantry in each of the Cher okee counties, was formed and armed in pursuance of the act passed at your last session. Upon the urgent request of this de partment ten volunteer companies of mounted men, of the mil itia of the State, were taken into the service of the United States, and stationed near the large In dian settlements in fortified positions, as assembling places for the people in cas es of alarm, and to control the conduct of the Indians. When the requisition wasmadebythc authority of the President of the United States, for twenty companies of the mili tia of the State, to be employed in enforc ing the execution of the Cherokee treaty orders were immediately soot by express es to the commanding officers of the twen ty regiments, nearest to the Cherokee country, to raise one company from each, have them organized, and marched with out delay to New Ecliota, the place ap pointed for their rendezvous. Upon Gen eral Scott's arrival at that place on the evening of the twenty-third of May, he found an army of Georgia militia, armed and ready to execute his commands. On the 22d of May, the day before the expiration of the time when the Cher okees were to have completed their re moval from the State, according to the treaty, the President laid before Congress the terms of anew contract, with the Chiefs of the tribe, by which he assured | them that they should be allowed two I years to remain in the State, if that length jot time should be found necessary for their comfort and convenience, that they should emigrate themselves if they de sired it, that the Government would pro tect their persons and properly from all illegal acts ofencroachment and violence, and that instructions should be sent to I the commanding General, to act in con formity with these assurances. Fortu nately lor the country, our people, and the Indians, the dreadful scenes of strife and massacre which this conduct of the President was calculated to produce, were prevented by the promptness and energy of General Scott and the Georgia troops: all difficulty in removing the Indians hav ing been overcome, and Gen. Scott left the State before he received the instruc lions issued in pursuance of the propo sals of the President to the Cherokee ■ Chiefs. No troops were employed hut the mili tia of the State in removing the Indians. The State is greally indebted to them, General Scott and General Flovd, both for the efficiency of their services and the ! universal kindness with which the Indian- I were treated. I The accompanying documents will I show the course pursued by the Execu tive Department upon this subject. About the, last of May, a body of In dians from Florida, took refuge in tbe Okefinokee Swamp. Directions were im mediately given to the commanding offi cers of the militia of Camden and Ware Counties, to call out the whole or such portions of their commands as they might consider necessary for the defence of the inhabitants. The President was inform ed at tbe same time of this invasion of the State by Indians, and requested to order to that part of the country, a com petent force to repel them. The scarcity, and high price of provisions, the sparseness of the population in the neighborhod of the Okefinoke, and the want of an ap propriation of money by the State for that purpose, rendered it very difficult to keep the militia In the field. Under these circumstances, frequent applications were made to the President and Secretary of War, to direct supplies to be furnished, so as to enable the militia to act efficient ly in offering protection to the people un til the United States troops should sup ply their place. The Department was answered that the United States had no Quarter Master or Commissary, who could be spared to perform this service. As soon as information was received that General Taylor had sent troops to the neighborhood of the. Okefinoke, or ders were issued to discharge the mititia. This was done with less hesitation, from the confidence which was had in the vig ilance and ability of General Taylor, and the information which had been previous ly received from the most respectable sources that the Indians were very few in numbers and had made no attacks upon the inhabitants. Immediately after Gen. Taylor had stationed bis troops around the Okefinoke, and before the discharge of the militia, eight or nine persons, most ly women and children, were horribly I massacred by the Indians in the immedi ! ate vicinity of the station of a company !of the United States dragoons, and not Ivory distant from a considerable militia ! force under the command of Col. Hilliard. The alarm produced by this unfortunate ! event caused the general abandonment of l their homes and property by the people !of that part of the country, and brought I upon them great distress and suffer -1 ing. j Additional troops were taken into the service and orders given for raising a reg j iment which has been since organized land mustered into the United States ser vice, and is now operating under the com -1 maud of Gen. Floyd. It is to be expect ed from the gallantry of this officer and his regiment that the savage enemy will I soon be destroyed or Driven from the I State. j Application lias been made to the War Department to pay the militia of Ware land Camden counties, who were called ! out by the State to repel the invasion of J the Indians. I have been answered that .there are no funds subject to the payment jof such claims. It will be proper, there fore, for the Legislature to make immedi ! ate provision for the payment of the mi litia and for the supplies furnished them Iso that the accounts may be laid before Congress for reimbursement. The sum of one hundred and forty ! six thousand three hundred and forty-four i dollars, eighty-five cents has been paid by tbe State in the execution of the law of 183 G to provide for thejrayment of the volunteers in this State for services, loss es, and expenditures during the Creek and Seminole campaigns, and the law up ]on the same subject passed in 1837. | This sum has been charged against the l United States with a credit of four thou sand eight hundred and eighty-three dol lars, three cents, the unexpended bal j ance of thirty-five thousand dollars plac 'edin the hands of Governor Scldey by the Sccratary of War, to be expended by him for the public service in the Seminole ! and Creek campaigns and which is now jon deposit in the Central Bank, making j the actual amount charged against the ; United States, one hundred and forty-one thousand five hundred and thirty-one dol lars, eighty-one cents. : As soon as the accounts were audited and paid off and copies made out, they were | forwarded to the War Department with the request that they should be passed upon as soon as possible. A communication was addressed imme diately thereafter to each Senator and Representative in Congress from the State informing them of what had thus been done, requesting tiiat they would ascer tain what portion of these accounts would be paid by the War Department and apply to Congress for the passage of a special law directing the payment of the remain der. The session of Congress was too near its close when the accounts were transmitted to Washington City, to ad mit of any settlement before its termina tion, and no information has been re jeeived trom the War Department upon the subject since that time. : The progress of the Western and At lantic Rail Road has been satisfactory, i The grading and masonry of one hun dred miles have been contracted for up on favorable terms; fifty of which will be executed by the mouth of July next, and the remainder by the end of the year. The route for the road to the Tenue see river has been surveyed. Several new routes of parts of the road which had been located, have also been surveyed in order to satisfy the demands of different sections of the country, and to ensure the best location. The length of the road from its south ern termination to the Tennessee river will be one hundred and thirty-four miles, and its cost according to the estimate of the chief Engineer, (exclusive of the right of way, and of the services of the com missioners,) about two millions five hun dred and eighty thousand dollars. The survey and location have cost about fifty one thousand dollars. Tbe chief Engineer is of the opinion that the cost of the road will be less than any other railroad in the United States constructed in the same manner, and on an equal scale. In pursuance of the law, authorizing the board of commissioners in conjunc tion with the Governor, to sell State stock, to raise funds for carrying on the con struction of the road, one hundred thou sand pounds sterling of stock have been issued. The President of the hoard, (Mr. Crawford,) who was deputed to sell this stock, found it unsuitable for the market in consequence of the form in which it issued. Mr. Crawford was, however, en abled to raise three hundred thousand dollars, with the promise of an additional hundred thousand if it should be wanted, by pledging a part of the stock and agreeing for the Legislature, that it will at its present session authorize the issu ing of such stock as will suit the Euro pean market; that it shall be offered for | sale to the contractors as early as the month of April next; and that the money which has been advanced shall be refunded out of the proceeds of the sale. The | State is to pay five per cent, interest up on the loan of this three hundred thou -1 sand dollars, from the time that the bills j drawn by Mr. Crawford on the contrac tors, shall be accepted and paid in Lon j don. The funds thus obtained in New i York have been sold here for a premium of about four per cent.: so that the use |of three hundred thousand dollars in | Georgia money for one year has been j procured for the State, w ithout cost, or j not exceeding one per cent, per annum. 1 'Phe Legislature is requested to make ! immediate provision for fulfilling this con tract. Means must also be provided during | vour present session, for the purchase of 'the iron railing for the road. As the State will probably have to rely almost en tirely upon credit for carrying on its works of internal improvement, it would perhaps be good policy to authorize at once the sale of stock, sufficient not only ito repay the three hundred thousand dol ' lars borrowed and for the purchase of iron railing, hut for whatever amount may be ; necessary for the entire completion of the Western and Atlantic Railroad, and for j giving to the railroads which arc now pro ! grossing by incorporated companies such ; assistance as may he demanded by the : public interest. The great value of our agricultural productions in Europe, the freedom of the State trom debt, and the high credit of our Banking institutions and mercantile men, will enable the State to enter the Stock market with many advantages.— The accumulation of wealth in Great Brit ian and the filling up of all the avenues of profitable labor, and investment, have ren | dered the price for the use of money cx j ccedingly cheap there when compared to its value here. 'Phe extended commer cial connection between Great Britian and the United States, and the approach | w hich they have made to each other by j the late improvements in steam navigation, have made the surplus money of Great Britian almost as accessable to us, as its ’ manufactures of iron and cotton. Nor is : there any stronger objection to our be coming borrowers of that surplus capital to add to our means of accumulating wealth, than to our purchasing its pro ducts when they can be obtained cheaper than similar productions in our own j country. So long as the use of money is j worth eight per cent, per annum in this { State, it cannot be injurious to the public interest to bring money from abroad at five per cent., to be employed in construc ting works of internal improvement, whose profits will most probably repay the capit- Ia! and interest expended upon them in a ! very short time, and which might not be executed at all without thus obtaining the ! aid of foreign capital. The risk and delay which must al ways attend the trade from the Gulf ol Mexico around the peninsular of Florida 1 with the cities of the Atlantic, and with : Europe, can be best avoided by a line ol rail-road from tiie Chattahoochee river to the Atlantic. Great advantages would he derived from thus directing this trade to our seaports, and the course of travelling between the South and the North through this State. Still greater advantages may he anticipated from completing the - Western and Atlantic rail-road and the rail-roads which connect it with our principal cities. The difficulties which the Allegany and Blue Ridge mountains present, to the transportation of the vast productions of the Western and South-Western "States of Indianna, Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, and the upper part of Alabama, to their markets on the sea-hoard, can nowhere he overcome with so much ease as through these lines of rail-road. If we shall ever succeed to the extent of our wishes, in enjoying the advantages of direct importations from Europe, of the proceeds of the sales of our agricul tural productions exported thither, it must he by these facilities for transportation bringing such an accession of capital to our cities, as to enable the southern, south western and western merchants, to sell what fhey have to export, and obtain their supplies of European goods upon as favor able terms, in our markets as in New York. And by inducing the Nothcrn to seek an exchange of their fabrics in the same markets for our rice and raw cotton, and the flour and pork of the West. I consider it therefore of the importance, that the State shall proceed with the construction of the Western and Atlantic railroad as rapidly as possible; and give such assistance, by the use of its credit, to the companies now engaged in making the railroads which from the other portions of the communications be tween our cities and the South and West, as may be necessary for the successful completion of their undertakings. The application of the means of the State to assist these incorporated compa nies, is justified from their success being identified with the public good, and be cause the State can obtain money upon credit upon cheaper terms than companies, whilst tiie companies can construct the roads ami keep them in repair, much more economically than tlie public. In thus supplying the means to char tered companies to complete their roads, the use of which is not free to every one, the State should take care, however, that suf ficient security is furnished by the im provements themselves, for the repayment of the money advanced. The 111 wassce Railroad Company in Tennessee, are constructing a roatl from Knoxville to Red Clay on the line of this State, and about fifteen miles from the line of the Western and Atlantic railroad, ft will add greatly to the trade and travel ing which will pass over the Western and Atlantic railroad to be connected with this road when completed. The lliwas see company has met with difficulties in procuring the means of carrying on their road, w hich will probably be overcome by , the Legislature giving an assurance that this State w ill proceed to make the branch road to connect the two roads together, I whenever the Hiwassce company shall have so far progressed, as to render it certain that their road will be completed. I would, therefore, recommend to the Leg islature to [>ass a resolution giving such assurance. In pursuance of the resolution passed at your last session, an agent was sent to I negotiate w ith the Legislature of the State !of Tennessee for the right of way for the Western and Atlantic Rail- Road from the line of this State to the Tennessee River, lie succeeded in procuring the passage of an act hy the Legislature of Tennessee granting to this State for the Western and Atlantic Rail road the right of way with the same privi leges and under the same restrictions as had been previously granted to the lliwas see Railroad company. The copy of the Act, the instructions to the Agent and correspondence with the Governor of Ten nessee are laid before you. Great credit is due to General Newrtan, the Agent of the State for the zeal and intelligence with which lie performed the duty assigned him. The most admirable structure of Gov ernment and tiie wisest system ol laws can not give security to the rights of citizens • unless aided hy a well constituted judici ary department. That our rights are without this security is universally ac : knowledged. Since the Constitution has been altered so us to permit an improve , merit of our present system, none has yet ; been devised which would not b<j attended, in the opinion of the Legislature, with evils as great as those from which we now i suffer. This dread would seem to be ex cessive since the sensitiveness of the public would lie certain to direct the at tention of the Legislature to the correction of any mischiefs consequent upon the re form which might be adopted. Having expressed my opinions to the Legislature upon this subject very fully in a formei message, I again refer to it from a sense [TERMS $3 IJT ADVANCE. Nuxnaias. of the strong obligation which continually rest upon the Government to provide the best security for its citizens against in justice and opression. 4 According to tint form of our Govecn ment, it is made the special .duty oftthe Legislature to correct such ifnperfedtions in the Constitution as may have been ren dered evident by experience. On a foWn er occasion our called to the importance of reducing The Legislative body, and of equalizing the reprMßfltion of the people. The necessity of reforming the Consti tution in these particulars ltas*becomc more pressing from the relhoval of the Indians and the great inei%nse of the popu lation of the State. The apportionment, when made according to the census which has just been taken, will add greatly tQ the number of the members of the Legis lature. This enlargement of the Legisla tive body must its responsibility— enhance the public expense, render its deliberations more tumultuous, and in crease the uncertainty of its determina tions. The great variety of sectional and local interest existing in our extensive territory, render it just to the whole and each part, that the representation of the people should he made equal. But it is espe cially important that the Senate should he constituted differently from the Representatives, and that it should be a smaller, a more select and stable body than at present. If the proposed amend ments of the Constitution would tend to secure a wise and just administration of public affairs it is due to the community, and to the principles upon which our gov ernment is founded, (the capacity of the people to govern themselves,) that they should be made. The resolution passed at your last ses sion, authorising tins Department to em ploy a competent Engineer, to survey the Chattahoochee River, from West Point to Winn’s Ferry, and report the obstructions to its navigation* and the expense of re moving them and also upon the practica bility of constructing a canal from the navigable waters of the St. Mary’s to the Chattahoochee, was not carried into ef fect on account of the informality of the resolution and the want of an appropria tion to defray the expense. The transportation of the heavy agricul tural productions of the interior, upon rivers, is usually the cheapest mode of titeir conveyance to market, where it can be used. 1 would, therefore, recommend that a general survey and examination be made, not only of the Chattahoochee, bat of all our rivers capable of being rendered navigable, and that an experienced and skilful superintendent be appointed to di rect the application of the public money appropriated for their improvement, in stead of the loose and wasteful manner which has beqn hitherto pursued, of ex pending the public money appropriated for such purpose. I would call the attention of the Legis lature to the necessity of providing for the settlement of all public accounts. Ac cording to the law now in force for audit ing public accounts, the Comptroller Gen eral is only authorized to pass upon de mands against the Treasury. The inter est of the State equally requires that the accounts of the agents of the State, iutrus ted with the expenditure of the money ap propriated for public purposes and drawn from the Treasury, should be subjected to the supervision of some officer specially charged with that duty. The public money has frequently been wasted, misap plied, or not applied at all, to the objects intended, from the want of strict account on the part of public agents. The Legis lature has the evidence of this at each session in the defective reports received . from the trustees of the Academic and ! Poor School funds. The large sums now ! appropriated for the ereefton of public buildings, improving the navigation of j rivers, and for the survey and construc tion of tho Western and Atlantic Rail road, require that this subject should re ceive the early attention of the Legisla ture. Upon consulting with distinguished i physicians in every part of the State, it was determined, under the limited discre tion given in the selection of its location, to place the Lunatic Asylum in the neigh borhood ol Milledgeville. Drs. Fort and White, were appointed both to direct the construction of the building, and to col lect information in regard to the proper regulations and management of the insti tution, and will make their report directly • to the Legislatures The large number of lunatics which 1 are fount) throughout every part of the ! country, the great aggregate aindbnt of suf fering which they bring upon families and neighborhoods, the expense and trouble of guarding and medical attention when they are under the care of individuals, the assurance given by experience, that in well managed asylums, the cure of the insane is more certain and their suflfeiing 'much less than under any private treat-