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B x u n o toi tfe BY CHARLES HA VIS.] voicnss 2. BRUNSWICK ADVOCATE. AGENTS. Bibh County. Alexander Richards, Esq. Telfair “ Rev. Charles J. Sheltsn. Mclntosh “ Janes Blue, Esq. Houston “ B. J. Smith, Esq. Pulaski “ Norman McDuffie, Esq. Ticig*s “ William H. Robinson, Esq. iVayn* “ Robert Howe, Esq. TERMS. Three Dollars in advance— $4 at the end of the year. UTSo subscriptions received for a less term than six months and no paper discontinu ed until all arrearages are paid except at the option of the publisher. UTAH letters and communications in relation to the paper, must be POST PAID to en sure attention. Uj* ADVERTISEMENTS conspicuously in serted at Ow* Dollar per twelve lines, or less, for the first insertion, and Fifty Cists for ev ery subsequent continuance—Rule and figure work always double price. Twenty-five per cent, added, if not paid in advance, or during the continuance of the advertisement. Those sent without a specification of the number of insertions will be published until ordered out, and charged accordingly. Legal Advertisements published at the usual rates. ICTN. B. Sales of Land, by Administrators, Executors or Guardians, are required, by law, to be held on the first Tuesday in the month, between the hours of ten in the forenoon and three in the afternoon, at the Court-house in the county in which the property is situate.— Notice of these sales must be given in a public gazette, Silty Days previous to the day of sale. Sales of Negroes must be at public auction, on the first Tuesday of the month, between the usual hours of sale, at the place of public sales in the county where letters testamentary, of Administration or Guardianship, may have been granted, first giving silty days notice thereof, in one of the public gazettes of this State, and at the door ofthe Court-house,where siieh sales are to be held. Notice for the sale of Personal Property,must be given in like manner, FouTr days previous to the day of sale. Notice to the Debtors and Creditors of an Es tate must be published for Forty days. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell Land, must bepublished for Four Months. Notice for leave to sell Negroes, must be published for Four Months, before any order absolute shall be made thereon by the Court. Proposal# For publishing in the city of Darien , Ga., a neic \ weekly JVcwspaper, to be entitled the McirSTOSH COUNTY HERALD, i AND DARIEN COMMERCIAL REGISTER. THAT Newspaper* are of great public utili- ! ty, will not, by any well informed indi- | vidual, be denied. Every citizen who desires j to be acquainted with passing events—every I one whose heart dilates at the prosperity of his ' country—who take* an interest in her welfare, | should be a subscriber to at least one newspa per; and small indeed must be its value, if the 1 instruction and amusement it affords, are not i more than equivalent to the subscription. The columns of the Herald will be devoted to literature, politics, commerce, agriculture and news; and the proprietor indulges the hope that while conducting a journal of such varie gated character, he may not only please, but instruct his refers. He is aware of the ex tensive and powerful influence of that great intellectual lever, the Press, and of the high responsibility devolving upon those who un- j dertake its control. He hopes, by prudent management, and with a competent support, I to render his publication, as a medium of in- I telligence, interesting and useful. The latest and most important news of the I day, foreign and domestic, will be carefully j collected; and with miscellaneous articles, lit- j erary essays, and interesting moral tales, cal- , eulated to improve the heart,and enlighten the j understanding, conspicuously inserted. A 1 proper attention will be paid to the department consecrated to the Muses. A full and connected sketch of the proceed ings of the Legislature and Congress, will be furnished in their proper seasons. In politics, the Herald shall be an indepen dent paper: advocating those measures which are best calculated to perpetuate the rich in heritance left by our fathers—a constitution sealed with their blood—and a union indisso luble and eternal. He will strenuously oppose any measure having the remotest tendency to violate th* constitution, to infringe upon the r ights of conscience, or lessen the rights of the independent States. He will, however, at all times, be pleased to publish well written com munications, upon all political subjects. Terms. The Herald will be printed on a ; large imperial sheet, with new type, atf 3 per « ea r, i n advance, or j|4 at the expiration of the j year! No subscriptions received for a less term than one year, and no paper discontinued until all arrearages are paid, except at the op- j tion of the publisher. Advertiseir.ents published at the usual rates The first number of the Herald will appear on the second Tuesday in January next. H STYLES BELL. » jy Gentlemen to whom this prospectus will be sent, are requested to obtain as many sub scribers as practicable, by the first of January next, and return them to the publisher. Dec 13 A Card. Doctor frank gage, informs the public that he has located himself in , Brunswick and will attend strictlyto the prac tice of his profession in its various branches. -Oglerhorpe House, Jan. 4, 1838. 77 lawT William h. robinson, ha* perman ently located hirtiself in Marion,Twiggs County, Ga. as an Attornet at Law, and will attend punctually to professional business in the several counties of the Southern Circuit and in Houston of the Flint, f July 26 ts PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING, IN THE CITY OF BRUNSWICK, GLYNN COUNTY, GEORGIA. BRUNSWICK, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 20, 1838. THE ADVOCATE. TOO MUCH LEGISLATION. The following article although lengthy, will j be read with interest It is well written and ; contains much sound reasoning and practical good sense on a subject of vital importance.— ■ It is copied from the Georgia (Columbus) Argus: Too Much Legislation. —This is one of the great evils of our country, j Every thing must be done by legislation, i Undertakings that ought to be left free to individual enterprise, must have legis lative action upon them. Evils that can be remedied by public opinion alone, must be acted upon by the Legislature. If an individual, or a dozen of them, de sire some advantage over their neighbors,! they manage to slip a bill through the | Legislature, under some pretext of public ] good. Hence the time of the Legislature is taken up in passing laws, the most of] of which, to say the least of them, are of no public utility, and many of which are absolutely mischievous. We have been led to these remarks from haring observed in the presentments of some of the grand juries a disposition to get up legislation upon the sale of ar dent spirits, by way of putting a stop to drunkenness. It is to be always a matter of regret to see efforts making to legislate upon those things which belong exclusively to the morality of the country. We regret to see it, because it argues the existence in that community of a wofully corrupt state of morals in the mass, and a want of firm ness and moral courage in those who pre tend to he the friends and advocates of morality and virtue. We have often said, and now say again, that the legitimate and the only legitimate sphere of legislative action is to he found in the protection of the rights of the people. The morali ty and religion of the country must take care of themselves, and when they are too weak to do it, the attempt to do it by legislation is a farce and a mockery. If laws could execute themselves, then it might he of some use to engage in this sort of legislation; but it requires men to do it, and when any vice not affecting the rights of individuals is so prevalent in the country as to induce people to ask legislation for its suppression, it is con clusive evidence that legislation will be of no service. If public opinion will not put it down, that same public opinion will not permit the law to be enforced. Com mon sense teaches the truth of this, and experience proves it. You may talk a bout the use of ardent spirits as much as you please, and abuse the sale of it; but as long as a large portion of the respectable part of the community drink it, and for that purpose visit the places where it is sold, nobody will indict those who drink or those who sell. Look at the laws against gambling—see how they are executed. Two or three years ago the grand jury of this county were about to present the gamblers, and as soon as they found it out they made out a list of those citizens who had gambled with them, and present ed or were about to present them, and the grand jury dropped the whole matter. The law against gambling are fine things so long as they operate only on the poor vagabond of a gambler, w ho has no wealth or friends or influence: but if they should happen to touch the wealth and respecta bility and the blood of the country —who, by their influence and example, do more injury in a day than the gamblers would do in a year—it is better that the law should not he enforced! A great deal is said about drunkenness and gambling, and all these sorts of things, but people are not as much opposed to them as they want to persuade themselves they are. It is true, if a man gets drunk and spends all his property, or if he gam bles and is too dull or too honest to swin dle any body out of their money, every body’s face is against him: but let a young man get drunk and gamble and make plenty of money and keep it, and it may sometimes be said, "’tis pity he drinks and gambles,” but you treat him with a great deal more attention when you meet him in the streets, you would invite him to your house much sooner, and be more willing to see him marry your daughter than a poor young man of the same in telligence, who was pursuing some hon est avocation for a support. These ef forts to get up legislation for the suppres sion of these vices are only contemptible pretences, to make a show of regard for virtue and morality where there is none. When the laws are passed they are never executed. If people want these things I put down, let them mark the men who are guilty of them. In the first place, neither drink nor gamble yourselves; give employment nor countenance to no man who does; instead of giving your sons fine clothes and fine horses and a pocket full of money to go out to play the gen i tleman upon, put them to some honest, I useful employment; when you invite men !to your houses to associate with your wives and daughters, select them for their I morality, industry, and intelligence,'and j not for their money. Do this, and you j will soon have but few people to gamble ’or to drink ardent spirits; and when peo ple quit drinking it, they will quit selling ! it. But, while you pursue a different course, do not attempt to inflict disgrace i upon a man by the law for an act which I you do not think sufficient to exclude him from your family circle. I If there were forty laws against the I retailing of ardent spirits, no one would be indicted for it, unless perhaps it were some poor vagabond. Nobody would in dict a man who kept a genteel, fashiona ble drinking establishment. Your grand jurors would then drink from one court to another, and would not present the ow -1 ner, because they would say they were not bound to notice any thing that came to their knowledge before they were empan nelled, and during court they would walk a mile out of the way rather than go near enough to see him selling liquors. If your officers were to do it, you would cry out against them for being too partic ular; you would say that the law was only intended to put down low, vulgar drink ing shops; you would keep the witnesses out of the way: get your solicitors to wo/. pros, the bill; and an officer who would be so very particular would soon he put out of office. Most of the vices which curse the hu man family originate with the higher class es and descend to the lower; this, too, must be the course of reformation. The gentleman gets drunk upon his wine, the poor man upon his whiskey. The gen tleman gambles by staking his hundreds and thousands upon a game of whist, the turn of a card, or the speed of his horse; the poor man gambles in the same way, but ■on a smaller scale. The drunkenness and gambling of the gentleman do not, perhaps, impair his fortune—the drink ing and gambling of one night sweep the poor man’s all, and with it his character, and his hopes, and his prospects; and then you want a law to prevent him from drink ing and gambling. We repeat it, legisla tion upon these subjects is productive of no good. Public opinion can put them down, and public opinion alone. Jlut it must not be that sort of public opinion, that sort of regard for virtue and morality which regards the effects and not the offence, which never considers these things offences in any but those who have been the victims of them. It must be that sort of public opinion which wars a gaiust the offence in whatever walks of life it may be found. Your gentleman drunkard, or gentleman gambler does a great deal more mischief than your regular drunkard or gambler. Your gentleman drunkard or gambler does the thing de cently—he leads the young into it, and prepares him for a vagabond. Whoever knew a young man to commence his ca reer of drunkenness in a dirty hole, fre quented only by confirmed drunkards, or his gambling at the faro table of a profess ed gambler? No, no, these are not the places where he begins; he is taught that it is genteel to take a drinking frolic occa sionally, until he becomes a confirmed drunkard. He is taken into a room to play a gentlemanly game of 100, or brag, or poker, and stripped of his money and his character; those who have swindled him are called very clever fellows—and you want a law passed then to prevent him from gambling and getting drunk. Now, if you want to put these things down, commence at the right place.— Make it disreputable for any body to drink or gamble; teach your young men to shun genteel drunkenness and gambling, and our word for it they will never take up the other. Do this, and you have no need for legislation to prevent the sale of ardent spirits or to punish gambling. If you will not adopt this course, all your legisla tion will only increase the evil. The sentiment conveyed in the following extract is as just as it is forcibly expressed.— j It is from Miss Sedgwick’s delightful tale of “Home.” One of her characters charges his . neighbor with the intention of educating his sons for the learned professions and his daugh- j ters for the wives of professional gentlemen, to which the father thus sensibly replies : “I shall be governed by circumstances; I do not intend or wish, Anthon, to crowd my boys into the learned professions. If any among them have a particular talent or taste for them, they may follow them.— They must decide for themselves in a mat ter more important to them than to any one else. But my boys know that I should be mortified if they selected these profes sions from the vulgar notion that they were more genteel—a vulgar word that ought to be banished from an American vocabulary—more genteel than agricultre or the machanic arts. I have labored hard to convince my boys that there is nothinuvulgar in the mechanic profes sions, no particular reason for envying the lawyer or the doctor. They, as much as the farmer and mechanic, are working men. And I should like to know what there is particularly elevating in sitting over a table and writing prescribed forms, or enquiring into the particulars of diseas es and doling out physic for them. It i$ certainly a false notion in a democratic republic, that a lawyer has any higher claim to respectability—gentility, if you please—than a tanner, a goldsmith, a painter, or a builder. It is the fault of the mechanic, if he takes a place not assigned to him by the government and institutions of his country. He is of the lower orders, 00!/ when he is self-degraded by the igno rance and coarse manners, which are as sociated with manual labor in countries where society is divided into castes, and have therefore come to be considered inseparable from it. Rely upon it, it is not so. The old harriers are down. The time has come when ‘being mechanics,’ we may appear on ‘laboring days’ as well as holidays, without the ‘sign of our pro fession.’ Talent and worth are the only eternal grounds of distinction. To these the Almighty has ’aflixed his everlasting patent of nobility, and these it is which make bright ‘the immortal names’ to which our children may aspire as well as others. It will be our own fault, Anthon, if, ill our land, society as well as govern ment is not organized upon anew founda tion. But we must secure by our own efforts, the elevations that are now acces sible to all. There is nothing that tends more to the separation into classes than difference of manners.” Oregon Territory. According to the opinion of Mr. Slacum, Messrs. Lewis -and Clark, and others who saw this coun try, its products are of the most valuable kinds, consisting of peltries of various de scriptions, besides salmon fisheries, &.c. due. The influence of the Hudson’s Bay Company is also mentioned as requiring to be counteracted, in consideration of the vast power which their trappers and traders are likely to acquire among those with whom they deal. As the difficulties of passing the Rocky Mountains, which at one period was deemed insurmountable, have within a few years been overcome to such a degree that where a passage was regarded as impracticable, passes of easy' ascent for wagons, &.C., have been found, a fear is expressed that in the event of war, hostile troops might be introduced by the way of the Oregon river, and brought over to the head waters of the Missouri river. To prevent such a move ment, as well as the smuggling of goods of British manufacture free of duty into the territories of the United States, it is deemed advisable that a settlement be formed at the mouth of the Oregon. As an evidence of the ease with which the defiles of the Rocky Mountains may be passed, the names are given of several mis sionaries who with their wives had passed over. In the cases mentioned, the course pursued was from the State of Missouri along and near to the banks of the river of that name, until they reached the Platte; ! thence along that river to its fork; thence by the North fork and the Black hills to j near its source; thence to Green river, one j | of the branches of the Western Colorado; thence the Bear river, which empties it self into the Great Salt Lake, and thence to the head waters of Lewis’s river, the Southern branch of the Columbia river, by which or its tributaries they pursued this course to Fort Wallawalla; one ofi the principal points of the Hudson’s Bay ! Company within 800 miles of the ocean. A great portion of the midland region is described as a wild country, to which refugees from all quarters will resort and i may be employed by Great Britain, in the event of a war with the United States, to great advantage. In speaking of the Great Salt Lake its length is stated at 150 miles, and its breadth 40—no outlet to its waters apparent, although two steams flow into it. The report contains a quo tation from the Encyclopedia of Geogra phy, in which a detailed account is given of the geological character of the country on either side of the Rocky Mountains, or great back bone of the American Con tinent, but its details are such as not to interest general readers. It is in speak ing of the climate of the reigons west of the Rocky Mountains that the authorities cited indulge in terms of the most unqual ified admiration, representing it as almost free from frost, and, except during four months of unbroken rainy weather, serene and delightfhl. Mr. Spalding, one of the missionaries alluded to as having crossed the Rocky Mountains with their wives, and descended on the other side, in an ac count published not long since, mentions a Dr McLaughlin, whose farm is on the Columbia river, and whose crops for the previous year amounted to 4500 bushels of wheat, 4000 of peas, 1700 of barley, 1500 of oats &c. His horned cattle were 759, his hogs 400, with from 200 to 300 horses. He has also a saw and flourmill. The wild horses are very numerous, and of a Tery fine breed, resembling European coursers, or the blooded horses of Virginia, ; and may be bought from the natives for; ' beads worth one or two dollars. Wild sheep are also found in great numbers, and have fine wool on many parts of their bodies. The soil of the country, which rises in terraces from the Pacific Ocean towards the interior, is of a rich mould, and for grazing purposes, is believed to be equal to the best of Mexico. From the entire description, we are led to think that this region is destined to be thickly peo pled, and to afford all the luxuries of a fine soil and climate to thousands whose tastes will induce them to abandon the scorching heats and intense cold of the Eastern side of this vast continent. [Dr. Linn’s Report. Rice. —The Rice trade has not yet received the attention it deserves. Asa food, not merely a luxury, Rice, since the first appearance of the Astatic Cholera, has been extensively consumed in the United States, especially in large cities, where it is found well calculated to pre serve children from affections of the botfels; and being pure farina, it does not sour on the stomach. Rice bread is a substitute both for vegetables and bread, and millions use it thus. It requires salt as its essential condiment, at the rate of at least a table spoonful to a quart of rice, and can, m twenty minutes, be cooked fully, and every grain be separate and white as snow. In this state it is eaten with meat. The East Indians make a lay er of rice and one of facot, and call it pil lo. The same dish is extensively used in the South by boiling the rice in the water where bacon and fowls have been boiled, and serving all together. It is a mistake that rice cannot make bread.—lt is true, rice is pure farina; and bread is usally made of wheat, which contains a portion of gluten, which, by yeast, is fer mented and thus throws out carbonic acid gas, which forms bubbles or air cells, and raises the dough. Mastication reduces the mass and it passes into the stomach solid, and mixes with saliva. Rice is extensive ly used in the form of bread in France and England; and more than one of the bakers who furnish the people of New York with the best family bread, use a third of rice flour, the gluten of the other two-thirds serving to raise the whole, whist the rice imparts the peculiar sweet ness of that grain. At the highest retail prices it is cheaper than any other food, and there is no waste. A Rl’sssian Postmaster. — The cor respondent of the N. Y. American (a la dy) writing from St. Petersburg, gives the following interesting description of a Russian Postmaster, and of his mode of performing arithmetical calculations: “At the first post station, after passing the frontier of old Finland, I was much amused with what 1 then thought to be an original character. The postmaster was a Russian serf, in the costume of that class. His only garment was made of dressed sheep skin, with the wool inside, and sew ed tight about the neck, with a sort of a rolling collar down the back, showing the wool outward; the sleeves were of the same material; the garment came down within a foot of the ground, and a broad leathern belt encircled the waist. He w'ore a long silver white beard, and snowy locks over his shotdders. The whole thing looked like a sheared white bear. In reck oning up the amount of our posting, he used the little machine which I have seen in our country, brought from China, and in general use, there, as I am informed. It is a small box, or frame, with wires drawn across it, on which are strung little wooden balls of different colors. So dex trous was this venerable Muscovite at this mode of computation, that he made up the amount of our indebtedness to him in half the time it took us with pencil and paper, and correct to a fraction. I afterwards saw several travelling ped lars, each with one of these rattle traps dangling at his girdle. I have since ob served that it is in common use in all the bazaars, and is of infinite service where so few can read or write, as it is next to im possible to make an cror with it in simple calculation. Having had its principles explained to me, I am quite certain that should its utility once become generally known in our country, we would see one on the counter of every shop, and at every stall in our markets. It works every thing by decimals, and in the most simple man ner. The decimal division of ourcurren cy is well adapted to this short hand meth od of computation. I have made tho ac quistion of one of small size and, should I not forget th; initative lessons I have taken on this harp of Plutus, shall be able, one dav or other, to teach you its harmonious numbers.” “Bear and Forbear.” An elderly lady died recently in Pittsburgh, who must have been a subscriber and “constant rea der” of the Richmond Enquirer—for her whole life was in conformity to the oft-re peated maxim of that paper, which heads this item. “She bore her husband twen ty-two children, and never gave him a cross word.—[Phil. Gazette. [TERICB.....M nr ADVANCE. 1 Washington’s Wif*. The hetMNß* ber of the North American Review, «mm j tains a review of Sparks’ life and writing* of Grorgt Washington, an interesting work, recently published in 12 volumes, and which is republishing in England- France, and Germany. In the course of the review, which is very ably written, the following beautiful tribute is paid to the wife of Washington: ‘‘The matrimonial connexion of Wash ington was eminently happy, and continu ed for forty years till his death. With her intimate acquaintances, the character of Mrs. Washington was the theme of wttir ing praise. To the nation at large, she was the object of affectionate respect; for it was known to all men, that she made the home of the Father of his country happy. Affable and courteous, exemptsfy in her deportment, remarkable for deeds of charity, unostentatious, and Withoot vanity, she adorned priyate life by her do mestic virtues, and with dignity and grace every station to which her husband’s emi nence called her. There is no doubt that much of the calm and equitable action of Washington’s character, is to be ascribed to the happy influence of his wife, to tho freedom irom domestic care, resulting from her excellent management, and to the even spirits, which can rarely be enjoy ed but in a cheerful home.” At the grand Whig festival at Buffalo, after firing 100 guns, the company par took of the following trifles, by way of a lunch—no money received. Gen. P. A Porter presided at the festival: 1 Ox, roasted whple, 1 Black Bear, do. 2 "Whole Hogs," 30 Roasted Pigs, 100 do. Turkeys, 200 do. Chickeus, 20 do. Geese, 30 Rounds Beef—l2oo pounds, 20 Rumps -d0.—200 do. • 30 Boiled Hams, 100 Beef Tongues, 100 Pounds Sausages, 200 do. Cheese, 2000 Loaves of Bread, 40 Barrels Beer, 20 do. Cider, Butter, &c. in proportion. Scientific Entf.frizr. The French ship Recherche, afier having reached 80° N, latitude, and Id*’ long, E. of Paris, was obliged to relinquish her further voy age, in consequence of the men not be ing able to bear the intensity of the cold— the thermometer being down to 30 9 be low zoro of Reaumur, or 67 1-3. below freezing point of Farenheit. Here the Recherche found a Russian ship which had been wrecked, and in her cabin the heads of four men, whose bodies bad, no doubt, been devoured by the white bears. It is said the Recherche will prob ably go to Havre to take another scien tific commision on board, aud resume her polar expedition at an earlier period next year: the season in the northern seas having been too far advanced on this her late cruise. An Armless Boy. —The story of the girl without limbs in North Carolina, has called out from the Salem Observer an account of a similar lusus natura in Scit uate, Mass. It is a boy now aged ten or twelve years, who has neither legs nor arms. He has however, one finger upon the left shoulder, with which he can pick up a cent or-opeu a box. His method of locomotion is by milling, which ho eaa do with great rapidity. He has good health, aud ordinary abilities, and Ming taken regularly to school is as much ad vanced in his education as boys aro usu ally at his age. We frequently hear persons boasting of the health of their several neighbourhoods in very extravagant terms, but we think a friend of ours living at Bayou Lafour che, can beat all others. He insists that no person was ever sick in his neighbor hood, and very seldom any dies. He says that when the vicinity where be lives was first settled, the emigrants were gen erally very young, and lived tftlM on long without seeing any body they did not know what death was. "Vlm did not travel much or they mighfso {hotter informed in other places. , He says that at last one old man abooA. 140 rears old died, and they could not hnigjdo what the deuce was the matter wltlriftat, but kept him four days sitting ia a chair, when some traveller pasting, told them the old man was defunct; and they then buried him.—[Ascension Herald. Large Caravan. — A great, caravan, the first for three years past, Jdtalj arriv ed at Cairo, from Darfour. It was fifty days in traveling in a straight line across the great desert from. Darfour to Sint— This caravan consists of iSjOfl camel*, and besides a vast quantity of the produc tion of the interior of Aftidi,ftrmgs near ly eight thousand slaves, who are addin the slave-market at CaffO.