Newspaper Page Text
Colonel Cwllu\ a
Has published a statement, which appears
in the “ Louisiana Advertiser” ot |
l)cr lUili. in vindication of his conduct, and :
in accusation of Governor Jackson, re'ative
to hr treatment and imprismimclit, for the
detention of certain papers. Our readers
have already seen the substance of that
transaction. It Gen- Jackson, acting in iiis
rapacity of Governor of Florida, with large
discretionary powers has committed a wrong
upon an individual, even to attain a legal
object, wc should be the last to vindicate his
conduct ; hut the whole history of the
transaction does appear to us, nothing more
nor less than a lawful demand tor papers un
lawfully held by Cal'ava—which demand be
ing rtlustd, recourse was had to lawful force,
the Colonel was imprisoned, the papers tak
en, and the Colonel then restored to liberty.
This Constitutes the materiel of the case.
What particular circumstances may give a
dai ker or a br.ghter colour to the scene—
what violence, in the tnodo operand/, may |
have been committed on either side—we j
have had no other opportunity of judging,
than flora the publications we have seen.
Fr in the impression these have made upon
us, we must candidly say that the Don dis
plays rather an exalted sense of an authori
ty which has pasted from Inin, and lather a
strange ignorance of the nature of our laws,
and the obligations of justice. In tbe plii
lciM.phy of etiquette, and an overweening
regard lor his personal dignity, he seems Ui
be infinitely better instructed.
He asks for justice. Does lie not think
justice an article to be given as well as to be
received ? When the Commissioner ap
pointed by (i vernor Jackson, under the pe
tition of the Aicade, waited on Souza, (an
officer, says Colonel Callava, “ under my
control”) and “ requested him to deliver to
them such public documents as were in his
possession, relating to property in the Ho*
ridss. and which no intHvidual had a right to
main” [lae.is not dented by CailavaJ what
ua» Souza’s conduct > “ He. exhibited to
them two open lioxen containing papers,
which be nutd belonged to the Military ite
t art men I and lo the Kevtttu*, and which were
entrusted to him by the late Governor (Gal
lava) tor safe keeping.” On examining
these military and financial papers, those
sought for were found, together with throe
other records of suits between individuals,
invo'vinr tin; title to property in W est-Flo
rida.”
Hetc was the first suspicious circum"
stance ; for Col. Callava was bound by a so
lemn stipulation of the treaty, to ib finer all
such papers i and he even declarer, that ” all
the papers relative to civil and criminal af
fairs of ordinary justice, had been given up
by the Constitutional u'code, and that the
protocols had been delivered over to the
t ' .mmissiiiner ot the United States I I
Now this is the second mysterious circum
stance; lor this dtduration, bears itself most
unfortunately in opposition to the fact that
master Souza by some miracle, or bv the ca
balistic word /* re.ua ! begone I had occa
sioned these I fra PlcineiUa [records] to
vanish from the grasp ol the " Constitution
al aiende” and to secrete themselves “ in.
boxes belli ging to the Military Department
and the Revenue.” I here stood tln-se
suits” insulted and elbowed amidst plans
and maps, while John Doc anil Richard Rue
wondered at their advancement from the
In—' oi a >' btor, to the management ot the
“ Revenue.”
iwere then demanded of Souza
—he referred the Commissioners to the Go.
rttiior. Time passed on—and the “ Wing
ed Words'! took flight from Souza, to the
ex governor, (according to Col. Callava s
statement) when instead ol brings” in an
open box,” he [Uallavs] declares that “ the
box had been sealed and closed Willi etgh
teen seals of [his] government I ! ...
I he brief statement wc make is principal
ly from the account ol Col. Callava himself,
anil have only to add that ihe eighteen suds
could no more reset the talisman i f Gene
ral Jackson than could the Gordian knot the
sword us Alexander.
Chat, City Gar.
[Tn.isst.ATKD von rut Louisiana Cookikb.]
I, Don Joseph Callava, Spanish Colonel
and late Governor of West Florida, now in
sa d province as hem;' Commissioner on the
part ot the Spanish Government, to cause
to be fully executed every thing agreed up
on between bis Catholic Majesty anil the
United States of America, in relation to the
cession to the said United States ol the said
Florida by the treaty of amity and settle
ment of limits ratified by the two powers
on the 2d of February of the present year
1821, do make the present statement, which
Ido attest tube true in every respect, un
der the oath which I lake upon my honour,
as solemnly as the law requires, consenting
to answer with my head for the truth of said
statement, which contains a narration of the
outrage committed against my character as
Spanish Commissioner, against my person
and against my dwelling, on Wednesday,
the 22d of the month of August, 1821. and
during the night following by the Governor
of said Western Florida, and Commissioner
on the part of the United S'ates, under the
aforementioned treaty. The facts are as
follows :
About 6 o’clock, P. M. I was at the
house of Mr. George M- Itrook, Colonel of
the 4lh regiment of the United Slates troops,
v> ho had invited me to dinner.
The F.x Governor here gives the names
and description of tire company ; which, as
not particularly interesting to the reader, or
necessary to the elucidation of his case, we
take the liberty ot omitting.—Col. Callava
then proceeds :
I he Span sh oeut. Domingo Souza, called
and asked to sic me immediately, having
important business to communicate. Dai
ing been introduced, he appeared aeeom
pamtd by an officer of the United S ates
atniv, an,l slated to me, that they were tak
ing him to jail. On asking him tor what
reason, he replied in the presence ot all toe
persons 1 have betore named, that on the
day before, three gentlemen had called at
his house, and had told font,Alley were sent
bv Governor Andrew Jackson to demand
the delivery ot certain papers, which had
been reported to be in his possession, and
that from the information thorr gentlemen
had given bun, he understood that the pa
pers asked for were mefoyed m a box, as
belonging to the military attil financial ad
ministration ; that l;i» answer Had been, that
he had in his possession some boxes in
which he thought those apers were inclos
ed ; fiat, as tor lus own part be was an offi.
Ctr subject io rty orders, in relation to every
thing connected with ill. Commission ; that
hose boxes hail been placed by my instruc-
tions under his care, either as Notary, or as
assisting witness, which functions he had ex
ercised under my authority w hen Governor,
ami that without my order, he could by no
me ans take upon himself to dispose of those
papers ; that those gentlemen had retired,
hut had come the same day with a written
summons for him to deliver up the papers,
and had required a written answer to said i
summons, which he
immediately repaired to my house to ac
quaint me with what was going on, but had
not found me at home ; ami that in the
morning of the same day on which he was
thus speaking tome, thinking that it was
proper to have the boxes removed to my
house, where he thought they would be
more secure than at his own house, he had
caused them to he brought there, where
they had been left, although ai the time 1
was absent—that lie knew nothing else ;
that a search had just been made at h,s
house ; that the papers had been demanded
of him, and that upon his answer teat they
Were at my house, they had seized him and
were taking him to goal, f approved of
Souza’s conduct in sending the boxes of pa
pers to my house ; and upon the spot, dis
patched my adjutant Don Uernarilo Frieto,
to the Governor to inform him, in my name,
tint Mr. Domingo Souza was an officer und r
my controul and employed in the commission ;
that he had no right to deliver up the papers
that were demanded of him ; that if his ex
cellency would have the goodness to apply j
to me, and if the papers in question were
such as ought to be given up, they should
he delivered without any d fficulty provided
they -were ashed for in a convenient manner
and I recommended to my adjutant lo ex
plain well lo the Governor, that those pa
pers couid be given up by nobody except
inysejt. My adjutant on h<s return told me
that the Governor had maintained the order
for the imprisonment of Souza, and tluit he
had answered to Inin —“ Tell Colonel Calla
va that I shall also send turn to goal ” Not
doubting but an answer so unexpected, and
winch could he justified by none ot the pre
ceding occurrences, must be the result of a
great mistake in the transla ion of my ex
planations to Governor Andrew Jackson, I
sent back my adjutant accompanied by ano
ther officer and the'public interpreter, in
order that they might better explain the
matter to him- They went and having cx- j
ecuted their mission, they returned and told
me that the Governor had answered to them
with a very loud voicr, and in the presence
of several persons,” Colonel Callava shall 1
go to the Calahozo." I remained stupilied, j
and couid only attribute so extraordinary an j
qyent, cither to a total alienation oj mind, j
or to perfidiotia,reports. Having however, I
nothing to ground my ideas upon, I resotv- j
cd to call on the Governor immediately as- 1
ter dinner. Hut before the dinner was over,
three gentlemen called at Colonel ltrook’s
house, und stated that they were instructed
to require the immediate delivery ot the pa
pers, because ihe Governor bail no need to
use towards tne any other way, nor to shew j
me any more regurd than he would with res- !
pect to any other individual. I answered to j
them, that 1 requested tliem to state to the j
Commissioner of the United Slates, Cover- ;
nor Andrew Jackson, that it was astonishing
ho could thus 100 ,e sight of my official char
acter ; ti.at he could m.t have forgotten that
he had received H'est Honda from me as Spa
nish Commissioner charged to deliver it.
The Ex-Givernor here proceeds to give
sit account ol his answer to the “ three gen
tlemen”—and what he desired them to say
to Governor Jackson—which; w hether they
ditlsay or not, is by no means necessary to
the illustration of his statement. The papers
were not given up. —Coi. Callaia then pro
ceeds ■
As soon as 1 came home, I caused my se
creta y lo w rite lo Gznerul Jackson art of
ficial letter, wherein 1 repeated what 1 had
already stated to his Commissioners, ami 1
sent that letter by two of my officers, but he
Would nut rccc.ve it. At seven o’clock I*.
M. the same commissioners called it my
house and summoned me either to de
liver tip the papers as a private individual, or
to follow them to the Governor’s Office. I
was then suflhring much from my disease,
Which did not allow me even to stand on my
feet. I stated to them that the state of my
health, made it impossible for me to go out,
and that as to the papers that had been de
manded, 1 did not until tt c», know positively
what they consisted of, but that whatever
they might be, I Could op y give them up,
either as Spanish Commissioner, by virtue
of the Freaty, if, according to that Treaty,
they were t i be given up, or as former Gov
ernor, to w hich latter office the papers must
belong, since they weie said lo be in ihe {
boxes ; tor all the papers relative to civil and
criminal affairs ol ordinary justice, had
been given up by the Constitutional A cable,
and the protocals had been handed over to
the Commissioner ol the United States;
but if a list in writing should be given to me,
specifying the papers which were required, /
should ttnswcr to it. — About an hour titter,
I received on a half shetl ot paper a list, in
English, and I told the person who had
brought it to me, that l should cause it to be
translated and then answer to it. 1 sent the
list to the interpreter— and went to bed!
Shortly after, as l was taking a little rest, j
a number ot soldiers headed by an officer, ,
and the orders of the sane commissioner*, :
lore down the enclosures, got into my j
house entered my room with bayonets in 1
their hands. 1 sat up on my bed, exclaim- j
mg that since, as a free man 1 was no long
er secure m ray own house, anil neither my j
character ot representative ot my nation, nor ,
my rank, nor the inviolability of dwelling
winch 1 ought lo enjoy in the United States
were respected, 1 did place myself under
the protection of the government of those
United States, ami solemnly protest against
the author of outrages so enormous. I was
answered, that 1 must give up ihe papers men- j
tinned in the list, or else I sliould be forcibly
taken to tne prison. I replied that 1 had
sent the note to the interpreter in order to
j have it translated; that 1 was sick, and that
; 1 ovgged not to be forced to leave my house
: at so late an nour, and that if in or
i der to prevent the ext cut ion of the orders,
it w.s sufficient that 1 should permit the
boxes and even my trunks to be opened, and
the papers or any thing else to be taken out
of them, l was disposed to yield to force, r.ay
that 1 was resigned to suffer myself to be
murdered ; ti.at 1 placed my person and
every thing else at their disposal. One of
the Commissioners caused the officer who
headed to enter the room, and at the mo
ment Mr. Innerarity, as much as I could un
) demand, ventured some representation, hut
' be was reduced to silence, and the officer
w as ordered lo charge me to surrender to the
armed force. I answered, that 1 acknow
ledged myself to be them piisuner, and that
as a proof, I sitinndered my sward and cane, j
but as to my leaving my bouse I begged I
them to consider that 1 was unwell. The
officer answered that lie knew it, ordered
me to dress myself, and with his soldiers
carried me before the Governor, who was
then in another liou'e, than his own, sur
rounded by a great concourse of people of
all classes.
So far, then, we perceive that the Ex-
Governor had delivered nothing, nor was he
willing to deliver any thing, but his “sword
anil cane." —Cel. Callava then proceeds:
The Governor caused a gentleman, who,
on that occasion was acting as interpreter
and clerk, to state to me a question which
was dictated by himself, and which he call
ed upon me - .rt answer. That question was
an insignificant one, but prayed to be allow
ed to answer it in my own language, and to
write the answer with my own hand. Mv re
quest was granted, but as I was writing, the
paper was wrested from me, and with fit* of
Jury which are never Jonnil but among those i
■whose mind is alienated, or who are in a great
dcsjiair, the Governor sinking very .anion
the table, and'usinggestures full f violence,
i ordered me to deliver up the papers. I an
swered as well as a ruan can do when lie is
interrupted at every word, and when ihe in
terpreter was endeavoring to translate the
answers in which l had thus been interrupt- '
ed, he was interrupted himself, and my al
- must remain without translation. I
supplicated not to be denied tie satisfac
tion of answering in writing to questions
which should also be put down, in order to
leave written proofs of what was going on,
for 1 must confess, that I did actually think
1 wns going to become the victim of the
Governor’s fury. All my entrea'ies were in
vain, and l could never liarn what I hud been
brought there for.
The Colonel has here a httle forgotten
himself. He was “ brought there’’—because
he would nut go wittingly —-and the ” for’’ or
\» ay and wherefore —simply, that he might
shew cause why the papers were not deiiv
ered to the proper authority, and wherefore
j he had at first denied and afterwards delayed
\ the delivery. He therefore couid hardy
! have been much puzzled to account for the
reason of his being “brought’ into the |
] presence ot Gov. Jackson. Col. Cal.ava then
| proceeds:
I Finally, as I was considering myself as
i plunged in an abyss ot misfortune and de-
I prived of the protection of the laws, the
I time arrived, when G ivernor Andrew Jack
-1 son drew from among some other papers,
i one already written, and which from the
1 translation that was given to me, 1 un
derstood to he an order to carry me
tn Jhe gaol. I requested the interpre
ter to ask the Governor whether he did not
; shudder at such a conduct towards me, and
j to tell hi n that I protested before the Gov
; eminent of the Unites! Slaks, against the
i author of such atrocities offered to my per
son and to my official character. The Gov
j ernor who this time suffered what 1 said to
I- be trail- aled, replied tha' he was responsible
| for Ins conduct lo his government on:y, that
I he cared but little about the consequences,
and that l might protest before God if I
| choose. 1 was conducted to the gaol at 12
o’clock ; and without any regard for the
state ot li.y In allh. My house remained
open. Same United States soldiers were
stationed there. The Spanish officers and
tlie persons of my confidence who were in
the house, or who cam: she: wards, were
driven off, and hone was suffered to remain.
My pafusand those of the gme nment which
had been entrusted to n»e, w ere abandoned,
without any inventory being taken of them.
No body did iven take the trouble of put
ting together and keeping the keys of my
trunks. My money and die funds which
had been confided lo me, to meet the ex
peaces of mj commission, were likewise
abandoned wiihout any account being taken
of tliern, as was also every thing else belong
ing'to me personally. Oil the
o’clock, A. M. a writ of habeas, corpus was
issued in my behalf, by Judge Rhgius Fro
meiitin, but Governor Jackson in contempt
of the Judge’s authority, opposed the exe
cution of ttie wri'.
Judge Fromentin (and the Ex-Governor
ought to have been aware of the fact, before
the publication of this part of his statement)
upon a re-examination of the subject “ be
came satisfied that he had no powers" to
issue a writ of Habeas Corpus in the Case of
Col. Callava. The collision of authority be
| tween Judge Fromentin and Gov. Jackson,
therefore, soon terminated. C.il. Callava
then proceeds:—
On the same day, towards 3 o’clock, P.
M. the officer of the United Su es armv,
under whose guard I was m prison, com
municated to me an order from the Gover
nor, stating that, as he was in possession of
the papers, I must be discharged from impris
onment, and be accompanied home by the offi
cer of the day, and that I should ascertain
whether the boxes were closed and sealed.
1 • 1 observed to the officer who communicated
j the order to me, that I c mid not enter my
, house again without being assisted by a
Judge, to which he replied that 1 might
! look for one. In consequence l left the
! jail, accompanied by that officer, and seve-
I ral other persons, a'»d repaired to Mr. Eli
-1 gius Fromentin, who is the only Judge in
j West-Florida, and 1 found him sick. In
j presence of all the perso s who bad follow
! ed nie to his house, 1 made him a short re
cital of all the facts and requested him to
afford to my person and my domicil the pro
tection of the law. tie told me, that his
health did not allow his accompanying me,
but that 1 could take witness to cause to be
ascertained the situation in which l should
find all my effects. 1 repaired to my house,
followed by a number of persons and by the
officep.—l louad there the armed Ibrce ;my
papers were scattered on the table, umi I
perceived ’hat a box containing papers, and
which had been closed aid seated with eigh
teen seals of my government, had been bro
ken open, and that it had been closed and
sealed again with different seals. Until now
the state of my health has not ehablcd me
to make the neces-ary examination of my
private papers, nor of the public and private
papers of the government, and those rela
tive to my commission, .is for the money,
nothing is wanting.
The preceding statement is the expres
sion of truth, without im suppression. !he
facts therein stated have had no antecedent,
and l am ignorant of the cau-e w hich may j
have produced them. Ido sufemnly swear j
that every tiling l have declared is true, and
lamremy to fu; :usl\ proofs thereof, and 1 I
i do with the same solemnity protest before
God, my government, that of the Uni
States and men, in general, against the au
thor and executors of those horrid outra
| B *Under the same oath, 1 do declare that
during all the tint- I have been Governor o
West Florida, I have used all the citizens of
the United States without exception, w'lio
have been either residing or travelling in the
province, with the utmost kindness anti at
tention ; and mat I have always resp. cted and
caused to be respected their persons and
property ; that whenever any ot them lias
made himself guilty of any infraction of the
laws, he has experienced on rr.y part a gen
erous indulgence. These are tacts so well
established, that if throughout the United
States an appeal was made to all those who i
might have to complain of my administra
tion l feel confident, not onejwould come for- i
ward. That I have held such a conduct,
not only because it is conformable to my dis
position, bit because it was recommend- |
ed to me by my government. I hat nty i
propensity to act so towards all nten, with
out distinction, is iliuVrated by «•? I 1 ** 1
conduct, as -.veil as a private individual as
w hen acting in a public capacity, a conduct
winch ldo not icar to submit to the most
scrupulous investigation. CALLAt A.
We have thus (with two unimportant and
' trill.ng omissions) given the whole of Col.
Uuii Joseph Cailava’s statement of bis (
own conduct. We have nothing to de- .
with his motives , lior shall we hazard any re.
mark upon that point, as lie himself does
not attempt to explain the reasons of his sin
gular conduct. — but, from this statement,
made out by himself, and admitting all tiie
peculiarities of translation (which affect not
a jot the sense of the matter) we are bound j
to say, his conduct was i-o-h, unjustifiable, |
and apparently founded on an ignorance ot ;
our institutions, and the obligations of jus- |
tice.
moot THE COLO.m nIA v centinel.
Address of Mr. Aduius
TO THE CADETS. j
The Address of the Honourable Joust A- j
dims to the Cadets, has been widely circu
lated by newspapers. In the second and
third paragraphs of the Address, some sen
timents are advanced, which are worthy to |
be remembered and enforced as peculiarly i
adapted to abate a thirst for war :
“ A desire of distinction,” says Mr. Adams, I
“ is implanted by nature in every hitman bo- 1
sum —and the general sense of mankind in
all ages and countrie.-, cultivated and uncut- 1
tivated, lias excited, encouraged and ap
plauded this passion in military men, more j
than in any other order in society . Military
glory is esteemed the first and greatest of !
all giones.—As your profession is at least as '
solemn and sacred «s any in human file, it j
behoves you seriously lo consider —lVbat is
Glory ?”
I lie desire of distinction, when controlled
by benevolence, is of useful tendency, but j
when directed by the principles of war, re- !
venge and cruelty, it is pernicious and de- '
structive. The sentiment that “ military ■;
glory is the first and greatest of all glories’’ ;
and the iiract.ce of “ exciting, encouraging, I
and applauding this passion” for military
“ distinction” had their origin not in a “ eui=
tivated” state of society, but in ages of bar
barism ; ai d their continuance at this day,
is a pri or, not of their correctness, but of
the lolly of mankind, and ot the s ow pro
gressof truth and civilization.
At the same time, this sentiment and prac
tice will account for the frequency of wars
in past ages, and in the present v e ; and
as long as such stimuli shall be popular, so
long this earth will probably be the theatre
ol frequent, unjust, and desolating wars.
Among the ancient barbarian* of various
countries, valo- and success in war insured
renown, without any regard to the laws of
benevolence or justice. Hence some of the
vilest of mankind obtained crowns and do
minions, and a large share of military fame
as a reward far the most atrocious crimes—
the wanton and cruel destruction of millions
of their brethren. Os such facts Mr. .iclams
was aware j and though it lias not been ve
ry common to apply the terms “ solemn and
sacred” to the military “ profession,” as he
has done, yet it was very proper for him to
urge the Cadets “ seriously to consider
ff hut is glory P” Uis own remarks on this
question, ill the next paragraph, are worthy
to be engraved on the hearts of all military
men :
“ I here is no real glory in this world or
in any other, hut such as arises from wisdom
and benevolence. There can be no solid
glory among men but that which springs
front equity and humanity—from the con
stant observance ot Prudence Temperance.
Justice, and Fortitude. Hatties, victories
and conquests, abstracted from their only
justifiable object and end—which is justice
and peace—are the glory of fraud, violence
and usurpation. W hat was the glory ot
Alexander and Caesar ? Ihe glimmering
which those “ livid flames” in Milton “ cast
pale and dreadful” or the “ sudden blaze
which tar round illumined Hell.”
Here we see a bold and just censure of
two of the most celebrated warriors of an
cient times. But why are Alexander and
Ctrsar thus to be burled from tbeir seals in
the temple of fame f Because “ there is
no real glory but sucb as arises from wisdom
and benevolence —equity ami humanity :”
because their “ battles, victories, and con
quests” had no “ justifiable object.” Hence
Ihe praises which an infatuated world
for ages bestowed on these conquerors, is j
but “ the glory ts fraud, violence and usurpa- (
tion.”
On the same principles that the names of
Alexander and Ctesar are struck from the
rolls of “ real glory,” perhaps ninety-nine
in a hundred of all the renowned warriors
of ancient and modern times should share
) a similar fate, and their glory be compared
with the “ sudden blaze which far round il- !
lumined Hell.”
When such sentiments shall be generally f
adopted, war will lose its destructive reputa- ■
turn, its principal stimulus, ami its sanguina
ry character—the pract.ce of appea'ing to
toe sword fur the adjustment of political
disputes, will become abhorrent to all go vl
men ; —war-makers, highwaymen, slave- i
dealers, kidnappers, and pirates, will be !
classed together as the enemies of human !
welfare—and the glory of making and pre- -
serving peace, and promoting the virtue and
j happiness of mankind, will become “ the
j first and greatest ot all glories.” What a
. glorious reformation I
! Wars arising from “ wisdom and benevo-
lenee,” and conducted with “ equity and ho.
inanity*’ have rarely, if ever occurred in
our world ; and such only can be justified,
such only can entitle to glory, on the prin
ciples ad’vanctd by t he venerable Mr. Attains.
If the rulers of nations will suspend waging
war, till the)' can on inch principle I, proceed
to the work of havoc, p under and devasta
tion, their subjects may sari'ly commence
the work of beating their swords into plough
bares —their spears into pruning hooka—
and learn mat no more.
Independence and decision have long been
observed as prominent traits in the charac
ter of Mr. Adams. It is pleasing to see
these qualit.es ot mind displayed by one of
bis years, talents, and influence in opposi
tion to the popular but fanatical opinions,
and “ the •general sense ot mankind,” res
pecting military conquerors, just fable iear,
and” realgloty.” Feihaps the most scru
pulous members of the Peace
would not object to such warfare, or such
glory, as “ arises from wisdom and benevo
lence.” ANNO! A1 OR.
FIIO.'I bell’s WEEKLY -MLSSENOI.iI, NO. 1310.
Russia, Austria, Turkey.
VIEWS OF AI.EXAX UEll AND FItAN CIS AS TO THB
TBOCBLKS IN OKtI.CE,
“As respects the disposition and final
views of the Emperors Alexander and Fran
cis, the Greeks have neither >o apprehend
or hope any thing from them in their pre
sent condition, nur indeed in the next two <
or three stages of the conflict. The policy
of the Emperoi Alexander is this In con
formity with the political relations of Russia,
as adopted by the En.press Catherine, he
considers tile Greek poruon of the'l urk
ish empire as a field ol aggrandizement ior
Russia, and that sooner or later Walachia,
Moldavia, Romelia, Etc. as far as the coast of
the Euxine, will become a pan ot the Rus
sian lie looks to this with as much
certainty and jealousy as lletny Vlll. and
Elizabeth of England ever looked to the
kingdom ui Scotland, or Edwani 1. to Wales,
at a period when these kingdoms were se
vered from Grcat-Bi itain. I lie Russians are,
by religion and contiguity the natural head i
of the Greek nation. Wiiii these relations, ’
it is not to be expected that the E.i.peror
Alexander w ould so far favour a Greek in
sun ection as to assist in founding an inde
pendent Greek empire ; but it is to be ex
pected, and the event will justify the expec
tation. that be will permit them to facilitate
his own ultimate purposes, by fighting the
two online liist battles with their Turkish
masters, and thus loosening the hold by
■which they are bound to that empire.
“ With some difference in degree, tlia
feelings of the Emperor of Austria are the
same with those ot the Emperor Alexander,
As the Emperor Alexander for
the body ot the Greek provinces} the Em
peror Francis is looking for some of the
members, and more panicuiarly for those
districts and towns higher up on tile Danube,
ami adjoining his own territories. He, there
| fore, is equally indisposed to any thing like
j a fortunate issue in the contest of independ
j ence. Add to tins his known apprehension
| of the common spirit of reform, now so ge
j neraiiy current lluough Euiupe, and the
j necessary conclusion will be that lie (the
! Emperor Francis) is the most determined
. enemy to the present contest. He will pro
-1 bahly avail himself of the opportunity to
| negotiate with the Turks, and obtain some
p ution of Wallacliia and Moldavia as the
price of his neutrality.—Uut here the jea
lousy of A exandir will stand in the way.
Be; ween the evident policy and intention*
of both, we anticipate a neutrality between
these Emperors tor some period of the con
test ; ar.d then, possibly, a quarrel between
them, upon the claim of Russia, under the
name ot protection to the emancipated pro*
vinces. Dndt r present appearances we are
mclincd to believe that such will be the re
sult.
“ The very existence of the harb.urous fa
bric. of the Turkish Empire, to thisday, is a
matter of curiosity and wonder. Turkey,
says ail eloquent writer, is a kingdom sub
sisting like the bush in Holy Writ, unsenreh
<il amidst flames. Its sately is derived, not
from its own strength, but from the rival
jealousy of its neighbors.”
[Bell’s Weekly Messenger is a Journal of
indi pendent character, neither indulging
in the visionary reveries and intemperate
violence of the radicals, nor servilely com
plying with tlie doctrines of the administra
tion. It is always mentioned w ith great de
ference 1 by those Americ ms who have had
opportunities of judging of its value by re
sidence in England ; and its wide circula
tion at home and abroad is a strong testimo
nial in favour of the soundness and intelli
gence displayed by its Editors.]
F'uEDEiucKSßuno, Sept. 26. .
SHOCKING MURDER.
It has seldom been our painful lot to re
cord a mure barbarous transaction than that
which took place in Caroline county, on
Sunday night last. For the following par
ticulars in relation thereto, we are indebted
to a gentleman, a near neighbor to the un
fortunate victim. On the night above men
tioned, three while men (as is supposed) girt
into the hi use of an old man by the name of
Coats, whose family consisted, besides him- *
self, of a maiden sisitr, an oid woman, and
three small negroes, all ot whom had retired
to rest. One of the latter, upon hearing
something fall, cried out, “ who’s there ?”
when immediately the ass commenced
an indiscriminate attack upon the whole
family, cutting and stabbing with knives or
other sharp instruments, and mangling in
the most ilmckli'g manner, the bodies of
. Mr. Coats, bis sister and the old woman who
lived in the house, while lying in their beds;
I and dangerously wounding two of the ne
groes —the third, who escaped with less in
jur), though severely cut, was the first to
give the alarm. On the neighbors repairing
to the spot, a horrid spectacle presented it
self to llieir view—five mangied bodies lay
groaning and bleeding on their beds; but
the murderers bad (led. When our inform
ant left the house Mr. Coats was lying in a
senseless state. His sister, and ihe old wo
man who lived with him, we understand are
since dead, and the rest of the wounded are
not expected to recover. The object of
these inhuman wretches is supposed to have
been plunder. May speedy justice overtake
them.
~ dial- SATAa'IE
HAVING arranged his Business more t*
Ins sati-faction, again offers his profes
sional services to Ids funner friends, and
may always bv found at bis old stand, except
when professionally engaged.
September U 4w. 0}