Newspaper Page Text
SUNDAY, SEPT. H.
THE FARMER'S FORUM
A Story From Texas
By John C. Edgar
Nn 0,1 ndngr* t«!ln uh that I?n not
wine to fount a brood of chicken*
botor* they ar«* hatchod, and another
ha: there* Is many a Blip between the
iup and the lip. Theac* provarba havo
>f«*n illustrated hen* In our cotton i
crop At the cloff-f of June the* out •
look was lor the biKftftftt yield on j
record The crop had had a perfect ■
■canon, and was almont entirely free
from weevils end other Insect pests
Plants wer< large, healthy, welPllnib
ed and heavily fruited, hence the
optimistic conclusion* of planters A
continuation of favorable weathtr
would have justified these concln
■lons, hut that’s where the forccas.
failed
From July 7, to \iiffust 17 we hav*
not had mg much as a light shower,
and. as a result, early planted cotton
stopped growing four weeks ago, I
shedding lop squares ah If weevil
stricken. Small bolls ceased to grow
and large ones opened prematurely.
These conditions apply lo a large sec
tion of Central Texas, except In a
few spots where heavy showers fell
In time to keep plants growing. But
ven these favored spots must have
a good penetrating rain very soon or
growth will stop.
When rains fall at the end of Au
gust and through Heptembcr, cotton
gamblers of the hear tribe never fail
to use the fuel to their advantage
The news Is Mashed over the wires
and published to the world as a cer
tMinty thnt a big "top crop" will be
made, to swell the total beyond the
world's requirements. All practical
cotton growers know that this "top
crop" table Is a mere bogle, set up
to alarm and deceive the original
owners of cotton end causa them to
sell at prices hep w actual value I
have grown or hem Interested In the
growing of cotton for twenty-eight
years, but have yet to get my first
return from a "top crop" By thr.t
term i mean cotton grown on plants
ti.at had stopped growth, and b*
late rains had made n new growth
of wood which bloomed and fruited
In time to mature before cold weath
or came to prevent the ripening and
opening of the bolls.
THE POULTRY CORNER
Animal Food For Flew.
WILL SOON nil l NEEDED
Within the next two or throe
month* poultry keeper* around Au
gusta *houhl healn to feed more or
!«*** mitniii 1 food nnd antin' suggr*
tton* along thla line may he of mueh
inter eat Ju»t at thla time The fol
lowing nummary from exchange nnd
nuthoritie* will he iouiid reliuhle
A* with dairying whore the apneinl
purpose* cow i* the moat economical
producer of milk, butter or choeae, no
also with poultry mining la the npo
rial puipoHi* egg layer the moat eeo
notulca* layer In other worda, he
fore much can he arcompllahed In
the way of large production good in
dividual* are ennenilnl We mu*t not
atop at thla. however The nu per lor
Individual munt have the kind of final
needed and plenty of it The moat In
tenaelv bred da!r\ cow. or the highest
developed egg layer will noon degen
erate Into a hopelean aerub if the
right kind of feed and care art* with*
held
Th* hen that la expected to lay a
large number of egg* nmnt b,» pro
vided with food rich in protein, the
conatltuent which ao largely enter*
Into the composition of the egg Nor
la It merely necennarv to nupply the
protein in any form that one happrna
to have or that may he had at Ihe
lowe**t coat per |>ouml ►'or example,
protein In the form of *o\ l>e*n meal,
gluten feed and other products, may
sometime* he purchanad at a lower
cost than that of animat origin, an
blood meal, meat meal, etc
The hen neemn to requlr,* more or
lea* animal food to do tier bent In
the wav of laying egg* Our moat
successful poultrv raUera are pretty
Well agreed on thla point 1 hiring re
rent %eara. nine*' a number of our
experiment station* hate Intentigaled
quest lona pertaining to auccrnaftil
l»oultr> raining we have born getting
additional assurance that a certain
amount of aulinai f»*ul in enaenttai to
large egg production A reoent bul
lettn from the Maanachunetta atatlon
aa>*a on the point Judging from our
own reaulta and from those obtained
by Wheeler i Maine I'xperiment Bln
lion.» 1| aeem* safe to conclude that
animal albuminoid* as tneaaured hv
production iwtnaeaa a mueh higher dc
gr#e of efficiency than thom* derived
from tt-getable origin
It may slat In* said that cut frenh
bone added to a grain ration rich in
protein' w 111 not ordinarily give aa
good result* a* a ration containing
meat meal, nuch an ran now be pur
chaaed on most any market The
bk*»d nnd t)i«*at tmaln on the m arket
are slaughter house by products and
are rapdly coming Into extensive use
a* their food \alu# Is being learned
It should not be inferred from what
has been said that we would In the
least minimise the value of cut bone
Thla la a valuable product and may
«»ften bf* used to great advantage We
m&gh, however t Itnprc ujmn th‘
The growth of bolls on the top of
plants that nave grown with more or
less vigor all the season do not make
u top crop," hut is simply a com
pletion of the first growth, without
which the crop will be short.
When 1 was a tenderfoot. In the
cotton business I used to deceive my
self In my estimates of "top crops. ’ j
The new growths were so vigorous
and full of future possibilities that 1 i
feel an easy victim to the delusion,
but I had been disillusioned before I
my hair began to turn gray.
In this section of the state early
cotton which has stopped growlug
has made all the bolls that will ever
mature, as ever so good a rain would
only make a new growth which w uld
be too late to mature; but late plant
tngs are, |„ spite of dry weather,!
still growing and blooming, and such
cotton would be greatly helped by a
really good rain.
The world has been promised the
biggest crop of cotton ever grown,
and the belief has become fixed, !t
may be realized, but there are many
chances against it. Spot cotton, the
only kind that has any real value,
has declined since the new' crop be
gan to be put on the market. In
our local market, hales that would
grade "good middling" have been
sold as low as IT 1 4 cents.
This Is a big falling off at this
early stage of the season, and Is
rauslng much anxiety among farmers,
many of whom decline to sell at any
thing less than lit cents. Some are
still holding last year’s bales for 1
rents, and said baits have been dying
on the ground since they left the gin,
without protection of any kind. They
must he in a badly damaged condi
tion. which means i great loss of
weight whenever sold Truly there
is a wld« and fertile Meld for mis
I sjonary work in farm economies.
| Firming must be the grandest occu-
I pat ion on earth to be able to sup
I port those who defy every economic
principle essential to the success of
I other occupations Many farmers hv
their bungling, careless methods
waste more than would keep them In
! comfort, if not luxury. They sa/e at
, minds of those of our readers who 1
i have never lined any of the meat
men In on the market that they make a
trial ami feed with every four pounds
of their usual ration one pound of
meat meal They may hlso with
profit do a little experimenting of
their own In the way of using more
or lens than the amount recoin
i mended.
PREPARE FOR FALL.
Many Important Things Should be
Done Now.
One of the first and most Impor
tant things to he done now Is to
i separate all tin* young fowls and
send to market all those ttiat wo
do not want to keep mule* and fe
males or If we prefer to keep them
for the table keep them in a aepar*
i ate pen.
The young male* that we want to
keep should he put In a pen and kept
there until the breeding season ho*
gins in the early spring All old
male* should he dt*po*ed of, and the
hen* and pullet* to be kept for layers
should he kept by themselves In yards
j where there Is a good house and plen
jty of shade
Provide a scratching shed and see
1 that the> use it |H> not feed too
j much Just enough to keep them in
good, healthy condition. Hive them
joiluieal occasionally and If there Is
Ino grass on the lota throw them :\
few head* of waste cabbage, lettuce
or any kind of green stuff that is
growing around the place Watch
i carefulh for mites and keep the house
! clean Whitt wash, carbolic acid and
scalding hot water do much to keep |
the house in perfect order
Clean out the old straw from nest*
1 and renew after having sprayed the
boxes with kerosene and lime
Sprinkle lime over xhe floor and on
walks, and do not forget to took after
the roof and walla of the house
See that there are no loose board*,
and H the roof leaks repair It at
i once
Just a little work now will save
much worry and lon* during the win
j ter.
POULTRY NOTES.
Now Is the beat time to fix up the
hwsiae On frosty mornings we will
1 not find the Job to pleasant.
The poultry droppings make good
fertiliser, but they breed disease
left in heaps under the roosts when*
I fowls are kept.
If you keep mongrels, sell them to
the butcher and buy a few ’borough
bred kens and a male. Then your
will pay you.
DON’T BUY ALASKA
WHEAT IN GEORGIA
Agricultural Department
Says Variety Not As Ad
vertised.
The United States department of
agriculture, bureau if plant Industry,
ban Issued the following circular:
A variety of wheat, under the name
of "Alaska,” In being widely adver-
User) as capable of yielding at the
rate of 200 bushels to the acre, “'un
der ordinary hoII condition*,” and
even better, “ under extra condition!!."
It la stated that tills variety was
found growing wild on the eastern
coast of Alaska, and claims of the
most extravagant nature are made
for It. In consequence of this noto
riety, the department Is receiving
many requests (or seed
Tills type of wheat has been known
for many years, both In this country
and In Europe. It has been tried at
several slate experiment stations In
the western United States during the
past fifteen years, but nowhere have
the yields been big enough to merit
attention. The wheat has grown to
a very limited extent on certain
heavy undralned soils In France for
many years In such locations it Is
said to yield rather better than ordi
nary wheat; but. a* It Is one of the
poorest wheats known for making
flour, it is never grown where the
ordinary varieties of wheat will
thrive.
the faucet and lot out at the bunghole.
This Is the clas s I hat never has any
"luck" hut they never seem to sus
poet themselves of being the > line
suse of their deplorable condition.
The Farmers' I'nlon Is doing nmrli
to educate and enlighten its members
and others. Ido pot approve of Its
helping to fix a minimum erlce for
rollon, as that Is contrary to sound
financial policy, as was d'-mopstrafcd
In the holding of last season's crop.
To my mind the warehouse plan,
which protects the staple, and helps
lo a slower marketing of the crop Is
m the true direction. The ical rea
son for decline In the new staple Is
due lo two main causes; The constant
statement of an abnormal crop and
the free marketing of early bales,
Poultry on
the Farm.
No one feature that naturally be*
longs to the agricultural pursuits of
our country ban and can ao thorough
ly benefit tfcp farm interest as pout*
try, if properly cared for. At the
Mime line, nothing is likely to in*
more discouraging and unsatisfactory
than poultry neglected or improperly
cared lor Statistics gathered from
every section of this country .is well
as for ?ign h«nds. as far away as Aus
tralia. Di-nniHik, nnd Africa, show
conclusively that proper care and
feeding of poultry, not including la
bor. costa for a year $1 per head.
Net or gross returns on ‘he average
throughout all this territory shows
each hen properly cared for wll’ pro
duce from $> to $ ; >tt per hen. accord
tug to th< locality and the aucce-s In
j handling them. The average gross
i profit from well-kept hens throughou.
i she whole country or world at largo
lis about $125. Thla Is after deduct
| Ing $i for their keep, and allowing
| nothing whatever for the labor and
I attention <n looking after sau.e
On ’ho otht r h*»nd. It is a well
known fact that there are thousands
of hens ami hundreds of cows kept in
every section of the world at A final)
i dal loss, the result of cureless meth
t'ds. unsanitary houses and improper
feeding On the one hand a good
* profit is made from keeping hens,
while on the other, considerable tl*
unnolnl loss is sustained For these
reasons we do not hesitate to state
that every one llxing In the rural din
trie,a should keep aa much poultry
ss they can look after In the right
way. with the understanding that if]
n••elected, they wi’l prov* g financial i
loss out if properiv cared for and
looked after, that they will he a
blessing and a profitable investment
to there who keep them.
The farm ls the ideal place for the j
poultry They should not, however,
he kept close to the back door, fed
and cared tor there, and allowed to
disfigure and disgrace the domicil*
of the family by running over,
scratching, and feeding at the door
steps. Cows, hogs, and sheep are
not usually kept in this wax. and |
poultry should not be The poultry 1
quarters should be fenced off tn a!
healthy, yyell diallied locality, looked
after and cared for to the most min
ute detail, and kepi Just u* warm,
dry, and clean as the family cow or
the driving horse If there is one
place tn the wor d w here the phrase I
'Cleanliness ls next to godliness .
should be observed. It la in *he poul j
try house Without clewnMnep*!
proper sanitary condhhxns and good
cate, there can not be any success
tn poultry growing. With it, sue
cess is assured
Where the garden is neglected for
a month or six week* during hot
weather, it is quickly overgrown and
destroyed by weeds. When poultry
houses are neglected they are certain t
to be overrun wiUl vermin —l\>ul i
try.
THE AUGUSTA HERALD
STORIES OF GEORGIA FARMS
By J. C. Me A uliffe.
Ther e seems to be something In
the atmosphere along about this time
;of year that causes one to feel like
i the race Is almost over. If the crop
.Is not made, no sunshine nor show
ers oau make it take on new growth,
i If the ear of corn Is not formed there
i will lie no grain gathered from the
field. If the cotton boll Is not suf
ficiently matured, to produce the
fiuffv Rfaple. but little picking will be
done on the farms of the south,
j illpenlng time Is at hand. The toil of
the year Is bearing fruit, and whether
• the Bessons have been propitious, or
adverse, th ( . sam fi feeling pervades
I the spirit of men.
Down Georgia way there is activ
: Ity everywhere. The most Arcadian
: rural t immunity Is a hustling center
l of commerce. The cotton crop is
just beginning to move. Hardly had
the great activty which characterized
the summer months, during the peach
and melon season, ceased, when sud
denly the quietude of the country was
broken by the shrill whistle of the
engines at the cotton ginneries. The
rumble of Wagons and the rush of
travel was noted on every side. The
little plantation roads are now com
mercial highways and the public roads
veritable channels of trade. The cot
ton crop of Georgia is a great thing.
It provides work for tens of thou
sands and clothing for millions over
the whole world.
There is nothing more marvelous
than the change that has come In cot
ton ginning during the past few years.
It Is easy to remember when even a
which gives color to the prophesies.
Labor is scarce and consequently
high priced hero, and farmers will In
many eases have to pay wage* only
Justified by fifteen-cent cotton, a
price hardly likely to be reached
this season. Fortunately a big corn
crop has lieen made and forage crops
are the best for many years. This
combination will help to lake the
sting out of an unprofitable cotton
crop should II assume that character.
Altogether the present indications
are for a prosperous year In Texas.
Poultry Houses Again
SOME ESSENTIAL FEATURES
The essentials nf a poultry house
may bo summed up briefly under sun
light. fresh air and warmth.
The sun being our best disinfectant,
ihe windows of the poultry house
should be so arranged that 'he sun
will see till the floor space during the
day Windows should come to within
two feet of floor and extend to the
tame distance from peak, large
enough to contain about one-third of
house II there is a curtain hclore Ihe
roosting quarters, it should he lifted
during the day and the sun should
lie allowed to penetrate t very nook
and conn r of the roosting pen.
Fresh air Is very helpful for the
laving snick. Houses should not he
built to admit the ftesh air through
tracks forming draughts, but admit
ted so the air can he changed in
the house at will. One of the best
ways ol accomplishing this is to have
the windows so arranged that they
can be ottened every day. In Ihe
wittier utt nour or less would "rohablv
be sutflcont, but il Is essential, even
ill cold wentho-. to allow the house to
be purified by ventilation For this
purpose a 'lumber are using burlap
screens which give good satisfaction.
Some of these plans show what is
called the open scratching shed,
where nothing hut screen wire is be
tween the outside air and the fowls:
as :hc\ are exercising during .he day. I
Ventilating thafts have not given the
SHOULD A MALE BE KEPT WITH
LAYING HENS?
Wo have had many letters from
readers asking If males should be
kept with the laying hens where eggs
for market only are wanted. Some
say that they have heard that the
hens lay better, and others say they
do not know, nud want our opinion.
It has long since been proven, be
yond a doubt, that hens do better and
lay better when-no males are kept
in the yards with them. The males,
as a rule, are greedy and eat as much
as two hens. They are often cross
and worry the hen* while they are
feeding, and taken altogether thev
are a disturbing element among lay
ing hens Another important point
to consider is that eggs that have
been fertilized will quickly spoil while
infertile .•*** will remain fresh for
a much longer time Vs a matter of
fact an infertile egg will not become
foul and putrid, but will tn a meas
ure dry up This Is why (he Infertile
egg* are taken from incubators by the
large breeders after the seventh day
and fed to the chirks, tn fact, it ia
said that such eggs are often sold to
cheap bakeries while those that have
been fertilized become foul after a
few- days. Male fowls that have been
in the breeding >'xrd the past sexes-,,,
should be fattened and sent to mar-
Conducted By
J. C. McAULIFFE
few of the old-fashioned horsepower
glnneres were in operation. It is
equally as easy to remember the time |
when cotton seed were considered a J
nuisance, and it was a rule of the J
ginneries to force farmers to take
them away from the gin house and
place away off in some ravine where
they would be out of the way. And
today a hundred million dollars worth
of machinery and tens of thousands
of men ar e engaged in working up
cotton seed.
It has been my privilege to visit,
time and again, the site where Eli
Whitney first started the little old cot
ton gin that revolutionized the cotton
industry of the world. Down in Rich
mond county, in a quiet secluded spot,
he started the wheels revolving that
grabbed the lint off the seeds in a
clumsy fashion. Georgia surely holds
the palm for making the south the
greatest commercial. section of coun
try in the world. McCormick, with
his reaper, has fed millions, but the
gin made possible the clothing of
mankind, and that is about as essen
tial to civiizaton as food. But the
improvement in the gin and ginning
methods nas been wonderful during
the past few years. It used to take
a dozen men to handle the business
at a common ginnery, but. now two
or three only are needed to do twice
as much work with much more ease.
It Is evolution in its fullest sense,
and a step of progress that means ad
vancement for ages to come. It re
lieves men of toil, and when this is
done the value is beyond computa
tion. Instead of the laborious hand
ling of the Reed cotton by hand au
tomatic suction unloads the wagon.
No one is needed now to feed the gins
by hand, but on the contrary, self
feeders distribute the cotton to half a
dozen gins driven by one engine. In
stead of the tedious treading of the
lint by men down in the sweaty press
box. strong iron trampers and hy
draulic pressure does the work five
times as fast. There is no develop
ment in any line of business that
eclipses that in the ginning and man
ufacture of cotton.
FOR PROFIT
<\ND PLEASURE
best s.itisfaction. Whpre the burlap
curtain or the open scratching shed
iu not used, a small opening, say a
foot square for every 12 hens, is
sometimes made over the window or
near the roor towards the south and
.n this opening is placed a cotton or
burlap screen, a similar opening may
be made beneth the window, this ar
rangement allows a moderate change
of air continually.
Warmth. It is not meant that poul
try house* are to be built warm, nor
artificially heated, but simply that
they are io lie built so that liio fowl
will be eomfortabie. No animal can
do its best If it ls uncomfortable. Aim
to keep the temperature as even as
possible day and night. For this pur
pose it will be necessary to contrive
some simple irri-ngement that will
substitute during the day. To allow
Ihe fowls to roost in the same pen
they have been exercising in during
the day, without any extra covering,
la not wise. It is not the coid days,
but the cold nights that keep the hens
from laying. Then if they can be
made more comfortable at, night by
means of the burlap curtain or the
board partition, or anything else, let
it be done. The up-to-date farmers'
poultry house is one wilh plenty of
loom, light and sunshine, fresh air
without draughts, movable fixtures,
convenient, built for comfort accord
ing to modern plans to suit his purse.
—Ontariu Agr. College Hulletiil.
WHAT DOES IT COST TO KEEP A
HEN?
We are often asked this question,
and we frankly admit it is a*very
important question, and one which,
we regret to say, is impossible to an
swer.
Where one could keep a flock of
hens for a dollar each a year, and
perhaps make but little profit, it
' would cost another one and a half
j each, and yet ho would make more
! profit than the former.
Much. In fact almost all. depends
•on the owner. One will economize
and feed carefully, while the other
will feed Irregularly and disarrange
the digestion of the fowls. One lot
will lay constantly during the winter,
while the other will not. One lot is
kept at a loss w hile the other pays
a profit. Therefore »e can only say
that if I* not so much the coat of
keeping as it is the profit we get
from the hens.
ket and only the hens for layers
should be kept tn the yard*.
The males for next season should
he taken from this season's young
sters—the best of the lot to be se
lected early next spring Pullets an<V
hens should be kept in separate yards
•if possible, as the old hens often
abuse the young ones.—Home and
i Farm.
To Our Patrons:
The flood damaged us badly, but we are pleased to say that
we are -apidly getting things in shape and new goods are ar
riving by express and freight and we are now ready to serve our
patrons.
We take this onportunity to thank many of you who have paid
your accounts so promptly.
We would ask those who owe us to kindly settle. WE are
frank to say WE NEED THE MONEY.
Will those who had purchases charged on Wednesday, the
26th, kindly give us a list of the items? All charges on this
date were destroyed by the flood.
Thanking you for your loyal support of the past and hoping for
continuance, we are,
Respectfully,
Hollingsworth & Co
Somewhat Disfigured, But Still
in the Ring!
My Drug Store at 503 9th Street, was nearly destroyed, but out of
the rubbish, am fast getting things replaced, and can now fill any
Prescription or supply any want.
Trusting for a continuance of the liberal patronage heretofore ex
tended me, I shall endeavor to satisfy any one who gives me their
trade.
NEW GOODS—OLD STORE, AND OLD MEN.
R. H. LAND.
St. Angela’s Academy
REOPENS SEPTEMBER 14TH.
AIKEN, S. C., CONDUCTED BY THE SISTERS OF OUR LADY OF MERCY
Boarding and Day School offers educational and climatic ' advantages.
English and Commercial Courses. Plano Violin, Guitar, Mandolin, V lot in
Cello, Voice Culture, Crayon, Painting in oil and water-colors.
FOR PARTICULARS APPLY TO DIRECTRESS
THE WANT ADVERTISEMENTS ARE
•HUMANIZING!”
TVhon more people come to use and answer classified advertise
ments, more people will know each other—
More People With Interests Will Meet
more people will find channels and opportunities for reciprocal ser
vice.
Truly, the want ads. are "humanizing” people—shaming away
the scorn of small things, the scorn of "bargaining,” of exchanging
useful but not used things for useful and usable ones.
USE HERALD WANTS FOR RESULTS.
Bn | p i( Red and Buff, Dry Pressed
** • an d Common Building
LARGE STOCK. PROMPT SHIPMENT.
Georgia-Carolina Brick Company
Howard H. Stafford, President.
Write for Prices. AUGUSTA, GA.
Have a Rummage Sale of
Your Own.
This is serious— M
At this glorious springtime thoughts of new
things are uppermost in one’s mind —not in clothing
line alone—but throughout the household a general
replacement takes place—
What becomes of the old stuff l
Riled away in garret or storeroom most likely—
and forgotten.
Why, if you would go through the basement or
storeroom of the average family today you would find
an “accumulation of discards” from years back.
The strange thing is that hundreds of people want
the very thing for which you have no further use.
It’s easy for you to find a customer, too—
Glance at the Want Columns in today’s paper
see which want you can supply—then write the party.
But if you can’t find a party who can use what
you want to sell, make a list of what you have and
put it in the Want Colunme yourself.
But look at the Want Ads. firt»U