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-X • • s Young Ladles’ * Boarding and Day School . j MRS. SANDWICH & Mrs HUL BURD,-respectfully inform the public, that they'intcnd opening a school in the city of Augusts, on the fit st of Januaf-T'bnsuing, for the Education of Young Ladies, in the different branches <of useful and polite 'Literature. They hare engaged'the Rev. Hr &hkparb to attend 'to scientific department of die Academy ; and from his extensive erudition and long experience, they flat ter they'Vriil be enabled to discharge with ability and’faithfulness, the important duties of theh-'vocation. Approved masterain Music, Drawing, and other pblite accomplishments will the school, if required. ‘ ’Useful and Ornamental Neadle Work will also ■be taught. Parents and Guardians, who are desirous of encouraging the institu tion, are requested/to enter their chil dren and those committed to their care, previous to the opening of the school. The situation of the Academy is plea sant and retired,-and at the same tiim convenient to the central part of th< city. Terms made known on application llecember 3. , . ; ts POUng uim&a* ACADEM Y, Washington-Street, Augusta. . Mrs. , Respectfully informs the citi zens of Augusta and the public ir general, that the Academy will open 01 A- ONJ)AT, the 20th inst. where the va Ti<*us branches of education will be taugh as usual. 1 -,/i . V Terms of Board and Tuition mode rate, and will be made known on appli cation. October 18 ts THIS SUBSCRIBERS s Respectfully inform Re public . in general that they have taken the store formerly occupied by P. Bouyer & Co. three doors above the Globe-Tavern, where they intend to keep constantly on hand, a general assortment of the best Confectionaries Os all kinds. t Pastry, Cakes, Tarts, and Cordials ■of all sorts, by the gallon or bottle—All of which they offer for sale on the lowest by the quantity or retail. Drioche &. Co: December 3 ts •’— mu ■■■■■« ■ i i .i. ms— —.. Wanted to Purchase A Smart, Active, Likely Servant, ac customed to the care of horses, tra velling and waiting—for such an one, and who can also come well recommend ed for other good qualities, a very liberal price will be given. Enquire at this office. December 3. ts J. W-. Bridges Has received on Consignment and For Hale, / 30 Hhds. & 20 Bbls, New E. Rum. November 8 ts , BLANKETS. 21 BALES, consisting of <Kose, Point and Duffil Blankets, Just Received and for sol hy Ames & Allen. —ALSO— Additional supplies of HATH, Seasonable Dry Goods, Spermaceti Can dles, Cheese, Wine, <^c. November 8 ' Administrator’s Sales. Will be sold before the Post-Office on Wednesday, 17th of December next, the property of Samuel Brant, deceas ed, for the-benefit of the heirs and creditors, viz. I Riding Chair , 8 detnijons of CopaL Varnish Quantity of Coach Lace Plated Handles, Joints, and Bands ‘ Plated Stirrup Irons and Webbs Saddle Bosses and Cut Tacks, David M'Kinne, > Jutue. J.hn.oD. S Mmr *• ■ Nov. 8 tdr ~ *H')lt SAfcifc, A PRIME NEGRO FELLOW, who is a good Boat Hand—Apply to the subscriber, upper end Broad-Street, a few doors above captain Ketchum’s cor ner. * * - ’ , George W. Collins. ; Dec. 3 »d FOR SALE, A HANDSOME'heaI thy situation ly*, ing two miles-from*-Augusta, and vrell known as Z&ckariah Sinquefield’s. There is a comfortable dwelling and ’iae eessary out houses, a well of ext el lent, water, a good garden well nailed, a *mall orchard of peach, apple & cherrv trees, about thirty acres of dearth land. , and under a good fence.—Further des-, cription is deemed unnecessary; those; desirous of purchasing will do well to make early application to ' Peter T.Bogg. December f. 0 e • ii 'i i 11 ii 4 n i LIFE OF-OMAR. BASHAW, J Iks of Algiers, in a letter to an officer • of the United States 1 Army. > a Algiers , Blb March, 1817. >: HV ibzAR SIR, Recollecting that you once test!-; f fied t desire to learn such particulars -of p th* Use and. character of the distinguish-; , ed chief who rules this barbarous em r pire as could he obtained, 1 send you , the following, which 1 have drawn -from; f the best sources withhi my power. It is hardly necessary to remark to] . you, that according to the constitution 1 of this regency, none but foreigners are' , eligible to fill any of the high offices of state. The corps of Turks from which. ’ they arc selected,_is kept in existence by I constant importations of recruits from* | the Levant, and which are generally the b sweepings of the prisons, and of the low* d est orders of men in those barbarous countries. On arriving here, they are .» enrolled as common soldiers, and de y pend upon -their merit, or accidents for promotion. Therefore, the incidents in the life of an obscure adventurer would* e probably atfurddittle of interest if they e could be known. But ex j. tricates itself from this qtiaiis of igno- 1 ranee and obscurity, andjoccupies with credit a conspicuous part pi the affairs of r men, the individual possessing it, be comes worthy of our notice, aim inquiry into his character and uctiqns. V Omar Bashaw, Dey of Algiers, was ' born in tire classical island of Mitylenc, * the ancient Lesbos, and is now about 43 years -of age. It is said that his family i- are renegrade Greeks. In stature he is ii about five feet ten or eleven inches, ro n bust, active, and well made. His com i. plexion is dark, witli a thick shining it black beard silvered with grey, and his features are manly, and regular; his >. countenance thoughtful; when in good humour, agreeable and prepossessing; ’ when displeased, dark and gloomy. He has very tne black eyes, but they appear ~ to meet those of any person with reluc tance even in conversation. His man c ner is always dignified, sometimes cor £ dial and friendly, and he never has been * known to lose the equilibrium of his tem- l ’ per on any occasion. He speaks with n hesitation and apparent embarrassment: it would seem that his pride does not hide from him the sentiment of his own ignorance. He seems to be a man of quick perception, strong natural good i sense, and great decision *df character. 1 In private life he is said tobe a man of t great moderation and strict morals, ac-' cording to the rules of the faith which he professes. ’He has but one wife and 5 three children, with them he passes all, his leisure time in great apparent domes-' 5 tic happiness. Since he rose to sovereign frnwer, he has given several proofs of rieiidship and gratitude, and I have not heard him accused of un instance of in-- ’ dividual injustice. Omar came to this country about 20 years since, in company with an elder ' f brother, as common adventurers. His . brother appears to have been a man of merit, -as lie early obtained the lucrative ' post of JCalife, or intendantof one of the i provinces. As Omar was Always with 1 him, he attained an accurate knowledge of the internal’affairs of the regency; and the war with Tunis, and the troubles mmFinsurrections, with which Algiers was at that time .agitated, gave him am , pie opportunities of establishing his rep utation as a braveam) intelligent warrior. About ten years ago his brother became suspected, and was murder**! by order of Achmet Bashaw. Omar escaped by ’ taking refuge in the barracks, when he 1 was protected by the soldiers, with whom; he seems to have been always a favour ite. Achmet' perished shortly after, and was succeeded by Ali, who after a short 9 reign of a few -months, -gave place to . Hadgi Ali who is notorious for , his sanguinary cruelty, ami lor his dec laration of war against the United States. •; Thhr chief raised Omar to the important post of aga, or commander in chief. .In . this capacity he distinguished liimselfby the vigour of his sdminwtratiou; and par- J ticularly by quelling a rebellion of the * Bey of Oran, which threatened the ex tinction of the government of the Turks k in Algiers. ■While acting in this quali ty he is accused of grertand unnecessary ; cruelty, particularly in the affair of O fan. The accusation is probably notun founded, but I should rather suppose it a necessary effect of the barbarous man ners and character of these people, than of a ferocious propensity in hirtj. Even , the modern history of civilized nations, furnishes more instances of cruelty and y violence, than of moderation and justice, s But there are some circumstances rela i tive to the elevation of Omar, whteh do' • not appear to admit of tl\e same excuse, 1 . /.nd which chill the blood, with horror. : While he was absent in the interior, th«> tyrant Hadgi Ali was murdered, his ca ' pricious cruelties having become insup (. portable. An express was sent to the ", aga, who immediately returned to Al-’ giers, .and was offered the purple bv ’ unanimous consent; and which he could ■ then have accepted without a crime. For < some reasons, which ane not publicly known, he refused, and insisted upon investing the then Hisnagce, or prime, j minister, with the sovereign authority. ! Little is known of this personage, except * that he was a moderate, just man, uni- I vertally esteemed, and far advanced in i age. He also refused, until he waain : 1 formed he must either reign or perish.' I Fourteen days afterwards this old man - < tM murdered, and the «ga seated In his i place, Hadgi Aft, though a decrepid i Old man, indulged in the excessive use < of spirits and opium, and kept a nume- < rous seraglio. These women were res* < pected during the ephemeral reign of his ' immediate successor. By order of Omar j they were all put to death! It is difficult i to assign any plausible reason for such < a gratuitous act of barbarous cruelty. 1 j Though his subsequent conduct has been: < blameless, many persons are yet In doubt 1 as to his real character ,■ 'The folly and presumption of Hadgi Alt Bashaw 'had involved Algiers in an open war with the' United States, and with .Holland; the Ottoman flag had been insulted, and the relations of the regen* dy with France and Spain, had been rendered doubtful. The part which Omar had to act was therefore a very difficult and delicate one. What remains for me to say of this remarkableperson age, consists principally of the political epochs of his reign, which have •rapidly succeeded each other, have fairly tested his capacity, and on the whole have ex hibited him to the world in a light notiess advantageous than conspicuous. From the consideration in which this regency has bcen*held by Europe from time immemorial, it is not surprising that the Algerines should attach a great degree of importance to their power, and believe that all nations were anxious to deprecate their hostilities. This charm was dissolved'by the capture of two of theirships by commodore Decatur, and his subsequent appearance off Algiers with his victorious squadron, while theirs was at -sea. Omar had the good sense to comprehend the danger of his position, and ceding to circumstances, accepted the terms of peace ottered to him by the victor. If he has since equivocated upon that peace, and demonstrated a disposi tion t 6 renew the war, it ought rather to be attributed to-misrepresentation here, and to a policy in which Algiers has been too tong indulged, and in which she has always found her account, than to abso lute bad faith in the Bashar.'. Holland being at the same time at war with the regency, her squadron arrived here p shorttime after ours, but their conduct tended rather to aid the Dey in his de sign of raising thedrooping spirits of Al giers* than to forward their object of ma king an honourable peace. In the course of that summer he sent his fleet to sea in defiance of the Dutch. It seems that the legitimate proprie tors of mankind after restoring -the gol den age in Europe, and paying due at tention to the' rights of the'citizens of Congo and Mosambique, believed it in cumbent upon them to adopt measures for something like'maritime liberty, and the suppression of the white slave trade on-the coast of Bai'bary. Great Britain having in all probability goad reasons for wishing to prevent such affairs from becoming a general question in the coun cil of sovereigns, detached lord Exmouth here with a powerful fleet in the month of April,'] 816, who, with much parade and ostentation, concluded peace be tween Algiers and the kings of Naples and Sardinia. The conditions -of this peace, it is true, provided for the gradu al emancipation in the course of two years, of the slaves of those two powers., for the consideration of about a million of dollars to be paid by them Algiers, and becoming their tributaries, llu re markable that the first positive demon stration of hostility to the United States since the peace, was shown a few days after the conclusion of this treaty. As you-was present at this affair, you know, that 'although -the pretensions *of the bashaw might be unfounded, his conduct and deportment in the negociution which* terminated -it, was magnanimous and honourable. To the engagements which he made then,he has been most religious ly faithful. . :-On the receipt in Europe of the news of the • negotiations by lord Exmouth, it excited universal indignation, & brought upon the British government the imputa tion <of entertaining views relative to Barbary, interested and oppressive to' Other nations. Inconsequence, she same nobleman arrived here again with his' fleet -in the mouth of May following. was the exact tenor of the propo sitions made to the regency on that oc casion, cannot be known here, but it ap- : pears evident that they contained condi tions subversive of those which had been solemnly Stipulated one month previous. Such -inconsistent conduct might have embarrassed a more enlightened cabinet than that of Algiers. The Dey on this occasion acted with great prudence, lie laid the affair not only "before the divan, but also before the soldiers in the bar racks, who unanimously agreed to sup port hun. He, then replied to Lord Ex mouth, that as the regency of Algiers was a dependency of the Ottoman porte,- he could not reply to his proposition be fore consulting his Buzerain f the grand signor. Lord Exmouth threatened -to i attack and destroy Algiers, if he persis-' i ted in his refusal to agree to his de- i and very imperiously give him, < three hours to reply in. The bashaw ■ then reproached him with the puerile in- : j consistency of his conduct, which pre- I eluded any reliance upon whatever on- s gagementhe might make with him, and s rejected his propositions. Lord Ex- i mouth then retired on board,from whence i he gave notice of his intention to attack i the place. The bashaw appears at this i time to have regarded a wan with Eng- r land as actually began,«nd amongst oth- s er measures of safety, he dispatched cour- c iera to Bons And Oran, with orders to arrest all British subjects or persons un der the British protection in those pla ces. These orders were executed with' excessive rigour at the former place,' where was agreat number of Italians, en gaged in the coral fisheries, under Brit ish license and protection. These per sons resisted the orders of the Algerine government, and in consequence many of them were massacred. This affair' was however settled without hostilities. Lord Exmouth finding that he could not' intimidate,agreed to allow the time ne cessary to consult the dttoman govern ment upon the points of dispute. Thus did Omar, by Ins correct judgment , and firmness, extricate himself from a diffi culty which seemed to threaten his go vernment with the myst serious conse quences. Omar on his accession to sovereign powpr, had not neglected to send em bassadors to Constantinople, to explain and disavow the hostile conduct*of his predecessor. He had been long enga ged in collecting presents of great mag nificence for the same destination, and a British frigate was now placed at his disposal to convey those presents toCon stantinuple, which would seem to indi cate that the late arrangement was at least a friendly .one. Shortly after this affair, arrived a Capidgi Bashi , or com missary' of the Porte, with the caftan and sabre, with which the deys of Al giers are usually invested by the grand seignor after ttieic election, and which is a recognition of their legitimacy. This in his actual situation was a very agree able occurrence. The last treaty, or convention, con cluded by Lord Exmouth does not ap pear to nave been more satisfactory in Europe thknthe first, and as the nation al horvour df Great Britain had beenVaost cruelly committed in it, the ministry de termined on a third expedition to Al giers. The massacre at Bona conse quent to the orders qf the bashaw to ar rest all persons then under British pro tection, was a principal pretext for this war. Those orders were a- common measure of safety, rendered necessary by the wanton menaces of the British commander. Those people resisted ap order of the Algerine government to ar\ rest and secure their persons: they were consequently reduced by force of arms, as they would have been in any other country in similar circumstances, There fore this cannot be regarded as a just cause of war; and lord Exmouth had de clared himself satisfied with the repara tionmade him for the insults received b> him and his officers, from the populace of Algiers in May; as a.proof of this, he exchanged swords with the bashaw, and accepted a present of a horse from him. There was therefore no new cause of 1 war, and if these transactions are ever fully made public, -they must place the: British government in a very ridiculous* pointy of view. Whether the Turkish practice of confining ambassadors and' other-public agents-an the castle of the seven towers on the breaking out of war —that which is sometimes adopted by civilized governments, of waylaying and •murdering them, in order to seize their papers—or finally, the unsteady and un candid olf Great Britain towards Algiers since the month of April, 1816 --he a sufficient excuse for the Dey in violating the laws of nations in the per son ot the British consul, by arresting and confining him in chains previous to' the battle—l leave to the judgment of those who are belter versed in such mat ters than I am. A proof that this out rage was not regarded in a very serious light at the time, is that no adequate re paration to the consul was insisted upon by the British negociator, for the indig nities which he had suffered, and his name was not even mentioned in the public despatches which gave an account of the battle and subsequentpeace. Du ring the battle of the 27th of August, the conduct of Omar was that of a brave and judicious man; perhaps the only fault he committed was that of not firing ' upon the enemy’s ships before they took their positions. He was always at the post of danger, and continued to fight until an. longer resistance was vain. In the subsequent negociation, he maintain ed the same calmness of temper that he is so remarkable for, requesting of the British negociator that he would as a fa vour, inform him once for all, the extent of the claims of his government upon him. ' It must be admitted that the man who always shows himself equal to the cir cumstances in which fortune places him, cannot want capacity. The results of the battle es the 27th August, afforded Omar an opportunity of demonstrating the fij-mness of his mind, and pf devel opinghis great abilities for business. The Algerines may with justice, be charac terised aa a turbulent, factious and su perstitious banditti. Their fleet was* destroyed, their military works laid in ruins: their political existence seemed to be actually eclipsed.*' They had long entertained the' opinion that their chief was unfortunate, a prejudice which a Dey of Algiers-seldom survives for any length of time, and on this occasion they shew the most unequivocal disposition to sacrifice him to their despair. Omar, aware of his danger, visited the bar racks, and harangued the soldiers. 'He represented to them, that although their misfortunes were great, they were not ir reparable; that they had still great re sources, by a prudent use of which, with courage, and patience, many things might be restored upon & f oo *: n _ , I thiii ever.' That by dUu5 * Vea A «s^swss'assS*| to them as a victim. This di J*. auus ‘ fl gether with a judicious distrihu? *’ ’ I presents, and the influence rf h ftS on I most cftuctuaMv quelled afp,„ S len I ted in the most violent excesses , ' ■ total ruin of die Turkish dominate fl Algiers. In the mean time hell n I workmen and materials from lU fl test part of Ins dominions, and tin 6 ' 'fl ‘the most indefatigable activitv s fl landing every thing in person, |,eS fl ly replaced Algiers by the middle f » cember following, in a better i 1 fl defence tlwn it ever was. At the ! M tune be cleared the port of all the wr* ■ purchased' and equipped f OUr ca . S cruizers; laid a sloop up on the IS >1 and took such other measures as mm > ■ a short time render the inui ttime u I or Algiers more efficient than ever- fl as it never can be regarded in j„ vc ’ t fl liglit than as a piratical power, id* r| sailing cruizers are obviously in ,l t * ,| dreaded than heavy frigate* T* H V less tangible, and equally roiudievou. fl commerce. Os the subsequent „, eo , 'll tions with us, you know that «i e had,- fl supported hie -neputhtion there as am I of capacity and honor. fl . 1 finwh this long artirle by no A cmg several traits in the character I Ornar, which attest his clemency, and fl much honor to his dispositions is a m fl In the latter part of the vear 1815,acc A spiracy wm formed against him, at I fl head of which was Abdulla, then minist A of -Marine. This m'an had been a chi A of banditti in the neighborhood of Syn fl na; subsequently here, the confidant a; M instrument of the sanguinary cruelties- A Hadgi All, whom he afterwards murdVr| ed with his own hands as a partizan isl Omar, who in consequence piomot. A him to the post of High Civ niberlai A and afterwards to that of Vic Hie Ha fl gi,or minister of marine. It is not know fl that Abdallah possessed a single n-spo c| table quality. In him avarice, cruelt isl vindictiveness, and brutal ignoran.cfl i were associated with inordinate ana hifl tion., Fortunately the plan to n vifl der the Dey and place the, sumvimfl power in the hands of this monster |f fl discovered in tifne, and he was arrej it-fl on the 12th of December of that year. ?fl stead oftakiug his life, which is the. m isl course m such cases in Algiers, » tifl wre.'ch was embarked with his fain ilyfl and effects for the Levant, at the exp* -fl of the Regency, by order of the basin; fl and'bis real property given to his bro; iifl er, who is a man of respectable chars fl tPr. The man who succeeded him ini the administration of the marine, v.fl : not either distinguished by any respect, t! < ble quality. Ignorance and brutality! were his leading characteristics. 1. J ’■ die battle of the&rth of August hewasl acc 'sed of connivance with the enemy,l • and his head was demanded with clamor-l mis violence, Omar ordered him con-1 fined. The British negociator after-! wards appeared disposed to consider! this minister as the author of the i'.idig-i nities wkjch had been heaped upon thel British Consul and hie family,(o which! Omav with great magnanimity, replied,! th«t his minister had acted according to! orders which he had received from him.l ; Never did the affairs ol a Dey of Algiers! more imperiously demand u victim th<ml on this occasion. Yet Omar refused tol lake his life, and on the first occasion I embarked him with his family for thel Levant. * On his accession to supreme au|Wi-j . ty, Osnar had sent for Ins mother and a I remaining brother, who arrived here ini the summer of 1816. It appears that he I must have regarded his situation here as I precarious, for his brother relumed im-1 mediately after the battle, and in Me I month of February following he enihar*J , ked his mother and his eldest son, >'.il board of a Swedish vessel chartered fori the purpose, to return to JMitylcne. Onl the departure qf this vessel, he sent fori the Swedish Captain in company with.! the Consul; he made the former a veryl magnificent present^and recoinmended.! to his particular care and attention, hisl mother and son, as the dearest objects ofl his solicitude/ On this occasion he could.l not restrain his tears which flowed in a-| bundance. Here I take .leave of o:nar- It is possible that the two former instan ces of clemency, may be differently ac counted for upon principles of state po licy, but the jalter cannot be misinter preted. This impartial sketch of a char«- acter, can unly be appreciated by consul*- ering what a Dey of Algiers usually is. To the most brutal violence, atrocity* and insolence, has succeeded in the per*’ son of Omar, at least a semblance of pi'** priety, decency, and decorum * v Vours, S. Mississippi Stock, In Small Hills. For Sale or Barter for Prime COTTON. APPLY TO jßofccrt-Lang §'Co. November 19 y 9t Bills on New York For sale at ths store of A*. L. & S. Sturges, by Mcers & SturgeJ. - October IS. *