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AUGUSTS \ Csr*itfe If AND GEORGIA gpti»»yt<g<y» BY T. S. HANNON. TERMS. Vor the City paper, (thrice n week,) Six Boilers per nnnuui, payable ii mlvanee, or Seven Hollars u not paid before the eml of tl]e year. For tlie Ceu.i try pipe,, (once a week,) Three l*ol- Inrs per aiunn, payable iu advance, or Four Dol lars, if not paid Wore the end of the year. Any order from a responsible subserilier to dis continue his paper will be complied with ou a set tlement oleines, and not before. Advertisements will be inserted at the following rates: For the first insertion, per square, bixty two and « half cents; for each subsequent, succes li-e, insertion, Forty three andthree ;uavlcr cents: In all other cases 62 1-2 cents per square. When an advertisement is sent, without a speci fication ih writing of the number of insertion*, it «ill he published until ordered out, and charged accordingly. LETTERS) (on business) must be post-paid—or they may not meet with attention. ITT In this paper the Laws of the United States are published. WASHINGTON, DEC. Ij. The bill providing for the suppres sion of Piracy, which passed the House of Representatives on Friday, was taken up "in the Semite yesterday, passed unanimously through all its stages, and returned to the House of 1 Representatives. It now may be —-‘HIT I a law, wanting only the approbSp* of the President, by whom its passage was recommended to Congress. —{iVaf. hit. We are informed that Commodore David Porter has been appointed ' to the command of our N ival Forces on the West India Station.— [lbid. COMMUNICATION. Lexington, 1 bth Nov. 1522. Gentlemen: I have witnessed, with very great regret, the unhappy controversy which has arisen between two of my late colleagues at Ghent. In the course of the several publica tions, of which it has been the occa sion, and particularly in the appendix to a pamphlet which has been recent ly published by the Hon. John Q. Adams, 1 think there are some errors, (no doubt unintentional,) both as to matters of fact and matters of opinion, in regard tothe transactions at Ghent, relating to the navigation of the Mis sissippi, and certain liberties claimed by the United States in the Fisheries, and to the part which I bore in those transactions. These important in terests are now well secured; and, as it respects that of the navigation of the Mississippi, left, as it ought to be, on the same lirm footing with the navigation‘of all the other rivers of the Confederacy, the hope may be confideptly cherished, that it will never hereafter he deemed even a fit subject of negotiation with any for eign power. An account, therefore, of what occurred in the negotiations at Ghent on these two subjects, is not, perhaps, necessary to the present or future security of any of the rights of the nation, and is only interesting as appertaining to its past history.— With these impressions, and being extremely unwilling to present myself, at iiny time, before the public, I had almost resolved to remain silent, and thus expose myself-to the inference of an acquiescence ia the correctness of all the statements made by both my colleagues; but I have, on more re flection, thought that it may be ex pected of me, and be considered as a duty on my part, to contribute all in my power towards a full and faithful understanding of the transactions re ferred to. Under this conviction, 1 will, at some future period, more propitious than the present to calm, and dispassionate consideration, and when there can be no misinterpreta tion of motives, lay before the public a narrative of those transactions as i understood them. I will not, at this time, be even provoked (it would, at any time, be inexpressibly painful to me to find it necessary) to enter the Held of disputation, with cither of my late colleagues. As to that part of the official cor respondence at Ghent, which had not been communicated tothe public, bv the President of the United States, prior to the last session of Congress, I certainly knew of no public consi derations requiring it to be withheld from general inspection. But I had lio knowledge of the intention of tin* honorable Mr. Floyd to can for it, nor of the call itself, through the I]ous<* of Representatives, until I saw it an nounced in the public prints. Nor had I any knowledge of the subse quent call which was made for the letter of the honorable Mr. Russell, or the intention to make it, until 1 iN - rived it through the same channel. I will thank you to publish this note in tiie National Intelligencer, and to accept assurances of the high respect of lour obedient servl. j ii. CLAV. I fo«4 the ciirokicle & advertiser. Mr. Editor, v Knowing it probable for the pro poser of a scheme to view it with a partial eye, and consequently, be in sensible of many rational objections which might be found by those of more temperate zeal, the subject of a Medical College for Georgia, was some time since thrown before the public, in ofder that investigations into the propriety of such an estab lishment-might be made, and all the arguments against the object, be drawn from those of opposite opin ions. The project was afterwards viewed favorably, and ably, and el egantly treated on by “ Lector,” who seemed to have a thorough view of the nature and design of the contem i plated institution, with all the cir ’ cumstances bearing on its practica bility, its necessity, and its economy and general utility. He anticipated ; and ably answered almost every ob- j jection which could be advanced j against the practicability of the sue-i cessful operations of such an institn- i tion ; and demonstrated to the ready J comprehension of every one, its econ- ■ omy and general utility. Its neens- j sity needed no argument. But a ! modern “ Cel-ms” has arisen before j us, who has arrayed his artillery of arguments against the good cause.— j We feel, howerer, much consolation j arising out ofthe perusal of his piece, i from the conviction that he has ex erted himself to collect the arguments capable of being brought into action, and has found himself able to bring up nothing substantial but what has been previously considered and an swered ; and thus the want of argu ment against, may be considered as good argument in favour ofthe grand object in view. , A great physician is said to have proved, and plainly demonstrated the non-contagiousness of yellow fever, by his own ardent exertions in endeavouring to estab lish its contagiousness. It is hoped that when his enquiries into this sub ject, for the purpose of proving it impracticable or impolitic, shall have (which, if pursued with reason and candour, we feel well assmed they will do) proven to him the contrary, that Celsus will be as candid as that physician, lie seems however, to have misconceived a part of the de sign ; and as it is desirable that ev ery one should think correctly on tliis subject, we shall, in this place, attempt a concise elucidation of those parts of it which seem to have been . misunderstood. It is believed, (and it is presumed that belief cannot be gainsayed by i any one,) that an increase of medical talents within this State would tend ■ greatly to subserve the purposes of i humanity, and prevent, or relieve 1 much of the misery necessarily at i tendant on disease. This admitted “ as a thing greatly desiderated, we r next come to enquire into the most ‘ efficient manner of accomplishing it. t In doing tliis we must guard ourselves - against interested motives, (to which ■ the human mind is ah-ays too much > inclined) and look with a steady eye i to the public good, instead of innivid i ual speculation; for I can call that ’ motive by no better name, which I would willingly keep all about us in ! ignorance, and thus lessen the pro - fessional competition in the State, in ■ order to gain the greatest possible , profit from the exercise of our own 1 talents. We would rather see a con- I slant and generous spirit of emula- I tion for surierior talents excited, and f physicians taught, by the quantity ' and power of competition that nolh ■ ing short of aspiring to the greatest • talents shall ensure profit. It is the i fundamental principle of the human 1 body, to be inactive without stimula -1 tion. It is the same with regard to • the human mind; it is ever inactive without an appropriate stimulus.— ■ What then are the appropriate inci . tants to the mental efforts of the phy sicians of Georgia? Are they sheer ■ humanity alone ? No, And why? Because they are obliged to look to their profession sis affording the means of support—as affording the means which enable them to enjoy those worldly blessings to which good citizens are entitled. It must give them the means whereby their enjoy ments which cost money are brought to them, in addition to the more re fined pleasures attendant on the ex ercise of humanity. The chief benefits ofthe physician may he enumerated under three heads, viz : Those which appertain lo the immediate support of himself ;md family—Those which appertain to fame of character, (which often have a great agency as cause of the ! first) —and those purely mental bcnc- | his-which appertain to, or rather arise from that benevolence and char ity, a large field for the exercise of which is always before the worthy practitioner, it is evident that the benefits ot this hist division, however •desirable they may bo, concurrently with the others, cannot atone pro duce sufficient incitement to the mast ample professional attainments, be j cause they arc only mental benefits, ■ and cannot answer pecuniary pur poses. The appropriate stimuli then, to excite the mind of the medi 'cal man to great intellectual achieve ments, and his body to great exer tions, must be the desire of fame, for sake of its agency in placing and re taining him in profitable business, or the desire of gain, or the fear of loss. These are the stimuli which excite that volition which is calculated to metamorohese the novice into the adept, tinman nature is the same in the physician that it is in other men. Give a man an exclusive right to a certain species of profit and he will neglect his duty, and extort from you manilbld the worth of his ser vices'. Place a physician in a situa tion for professional business, with out competition, and he will lose all his zeal (if he ever had any.) for sci entific advancements —he will rieg lect the corporeal duties of his profes sion, and he will, instead of drawing from you a reasonable compensation for his services, reap .from yogi al i most the advantages of a sinecure.- i And why ? Because be knows ton i have no way of avoiding it. It is an 1 unfortunate truth that man, i 41 Imperious umn, wlio rulp* the ; Os lamrunpe. reason, and reflection proud * S With brow en*cl, wlso scorns this c.iilhy ?O<J, j Ami styles hhnkejf the image of his God,” is so depraved in his-nature, that he | needs compulsion to do that wfich is right. Since this is the case, let us j apply the compulsory power. Let | us say to him, sir, you render us good i service now, but ouv necessities re quire that you render us better.— Your science is far from, perfection, and is probably susceptible of as much improvement in the next thirty years, as it has undergone during lli<; last. We are not content with your treating ns according to the state of your sci ence at the time of your early pupil age, because we know it has greatly improved since that time, and your duty to the public is to exert yourself for the greatest possible amelioration of the condition of afflicted human beings. This we will not only declare your duty, but we will impel you to voluntary exertions. We will erect a medical college here, which shall place many practitioners on a level with you. The latent genius ol Georgia, which lias hitherto slumber ed from the cradle to the grave, shall, now be aroused and cultivated. The middling, and the poorer class es of our population (rtmopgst whom, minds the most susceptible of great intellectual attainments are often found) who have not the means ol acquiring an education at the expense of a distant tour, but who from then necessities, and habits of industry, and ardent pursuit will, with an opportu nity, aspire to the sublimest heights ol science, shall be placed in prou ! com petition with you. Let us do this, and we shall apply the stimulus cal culated to produce the warned action. Do this, and yon at once produce the desire of gain in an active degree, 01 the fear of loss in an active degree, and the auxiliary one of a desire ol fame. View our species in all ages, and make a thorough investigation in .to the nature of their motives in al! their actions, and you will find, that that lofty, that high minded uncor ruptness, that celestial purity in the moral faculty of man, which alone could lead him to the diseharge'of du ties, or the performance of actions from motives of rectitude solely , ab stracted from every most distant pos sibility of self interest of tiny kind whatever, is as rare on earth, as a i white skin on the burning desert Sa hara, or as mental perfection itself, /cs, yon will also find in past ages, as well as the present, (and since similar causes produce similar effects under similar circumstances, we may rationally conclude it will be the case in those to come,) that self interest has been, is, and will be, the primary moral cause of action with all men ; perhaps I might-say, not only in re lation to intercourse with the people anti things of this world, but even their aspirations after heaven itself. Hence It is plain, that in order to make a man do his duty, yob must make it his interest. No one has ever so stupid as to suppose that a great Medical School, whose perquisites from the number of pupils could reward half a dozen professors for their labours as such, could he advertised for, and procured here in a veer ! It is well known tiiat such an institution must commence on a very small scale, and increase its numbers and its in come by its worthiness. It was in tended to ask of the legislature, a suitable building, well furnished with every thing necessary for instruction, and an annual salary appropriated to each professorship, until the pefqni- I sites become adequate to this purpose. 1 For thiSjOUr state is amply able; and no matter if there are but five pupilsto j begin with. Give an opportunity of completing a medical education at or near home, and many who would nc ver think of travelling a great dis tance for that purpose, will embrace it. There is not a state south of Ma ryland, which could so rationally cal culate on having such an institution well supported, because it is central to a vast extent of populous country iu which there is so such school. An institution of this kind, calculated to render ample instruction, would, as • soon as known, be patronized by Flo ■ rida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisi ■ ana, and perhaps some of the interior ■ slates,,besides what Georgia herself • would afford, which although not . more than ) ~ or 15 annually at |. re > sent, would more than donblp that > number in half a dozen years alter ; such an institution procured a good > name at home—to say nothing about r the division of the interest lying be t tween this and life Baltimore and ; Transylvania schools. i It has been said that tl these insti tutions have beeti multiplied to an - idle and almost indefinite number.” - I would ask where is the Medical Col I lege west of the longitude of Washing* - ton City, and south of the latitude ot ■ Philadelphia, expept at Baltimore, in ■ the northern part of Maryland; and at ' Lexington, in the northern part of i Kentucky ? There is not one; but there - is an immense tract of country, the - chief of which is thickly populated, i which is in extent, from Cape Sable, i the southern extremity of Florida to Lexington, (Ken.) near 1000 miles, and from Baltimore to the mouth of the River Sabine, a still greater dis tance, to which Georgia is central.,— ‘ I would ask farther, if the number of 5 institutions of this kind in the United • States, which are respectable, or the 1 distances of which from others au- I thorize a reasonable expectatipn of ■ their ever being so, exceeds four or • five ? s t It has been said, that to be emi -1 nently useful, it must present to its • followers a prospect equivalent to • that held out by any institution in our J tounh v.” To this I answer that it ■ is notorious, that practitioners edu cated northwardly, and wiio have r even had experience there, are perfect " novices with the principal diseases of 1 our climate, until they are drilled into 1 a knowledge of them by many years’ 1 experience; and for this reason, those ‘ who intend exercising their profes > sinnal talents in the South, should be j educated here.—And farther I will • answer, that an Institution of this I kind can never mature itself into the 1 greatest possible perfection, Only by ■ being years in operation, which is \ one of the strongest arguments in fa vor of its early foundation : and far • tiier, that this objection, if indeed it 7 lie one, would, without a beginning • being made, be still in existence one ! hundred or one thousand years hence, ‘ Experience has repeatedly proved, 1% as has been before intimated by Loc i' for, that our climate is not inemnpati- I Me with demonstrative surgical, ami • g.-u,-nil anatomy ; and lam able t< • add that'even the Ruyschian art can • be successfully practised' Imre, not ; - ‘only with, but to a considerable ex • tent, without the use of pyroligneom !• acid. A general Hospital has been ipok f en of, as affording important benefit; ’• to the pupil. It js admitted that t d regular service in those institutions i: ! , calculated to yield a rich harvest ti i- him whose mind has been previously II well stored with professional lore; bu it I must remark, that the benefits they '- yield to the great majority of pupil.- e in a medical college, are very incon e siderablo, because in their attendance i- at the hospital, they have little or nt s opportunity of making minute exam •- inations of particular cases; the pre ■- feribing physician passes hastily from d patient to > patient, feels their pulses a makes the necessary enquiries, in t - tone of voice suited to the ear of the •- sick, makes the necessary prescrip > tions; and thus no opportunity o e seeing the patient or hearing the pre s scription made, is afforded them. A.< Y to surgical operations on the living 11 subject, the opportunity is equally s bad ; as it is impossible for more than V very few to be near enough to be pro -5 filed by seeing the minutiae of the operation. The principal benefits in B those cases are afforded in the anato -11 mical room. I- In obstetrics, experience has prov ed that the poor, and the blacks ol t our towns, 1 afford a very satisfactory field for the acquisition of that prac s tical knowledge which is so necessary 1 in that branch of our science, c GEORGIA, f ] Richmond Academy. J TJARKN’I'S ami Guardians wfio an X d.saosed topatronise thi* Institution, 1 are respectfully informed that tiie Acad > em/ will be again opened on tlie Ist ol - January next, and no Pupil will be ad - milled without a ticket from thcsubscri , bor. , Isaac Herbert, Clerk to Hie Board of Trustees . ’ December 2-1, uigg 4ii 6t Ju.il Received and for sole al Ihe Chronicle and Advertiser Office, ON CONKUiNMKNT, ) Drayton’s Memoirs Gardner’s Anecdote* 1 And a few pamphlets on Imprisonment - Cur debt. -. D«c.‘>4 4fl ts v * ’ ■" , T " '*■ "*— . Mrs. Cummings And Mrs, Campfield ' ttii* day connected themselves in the | MILLINEUY r business,nndrcfpsfctfulty tender their servicestothe public. I Augusta, November 26, 1822. 2t« w 4>v-8 ; isi*iirwssto-* p SATURDAY, DEG. 23, 1822. \ j Weave happy in being; authorized to j - state (hat all differences between Colon*! t Gumming; and Captain Elmore are Lon r oraldy and amicably adjusted. I J U’e published, a few days since, the | Resolution offered for the consideration of the Legislature, ou tlie case of Col. . Hammond. The Report is of too great a length to be inserted in onr paper, and ’ indeed it is not necessary for public iu • formation that it should be, as a large * number of copies have been ordered to 1 be struck off and distributed “at the ex -1 pnwe of the state.” The reader will be 1 able to form some idea of lhe x manner ia whieh the •pretty business was carried " through the House of Representatives 2 by a perusal of the following statement ’ copied from the Georgia Pat Tot: a “ The language and the intention , of this report, call lor the serious cofi f sideration of every member of the - community.—There is a spirit which _ pervades every paragraph of it, which f cannot he mistaken. It is one of I those papers, which under the mask p of an official document, is intended to . subserve the interests of a party; and f .send abroad into the world the most r palpable misstatements, and the most absurd deductions, under color of a - legislative proceeding. It is an elec s tioneejing paper, got up for pM’ty I purposes to be circulated at the ex r i peuse of the state. And under this t view of the subject, the conduct of . the majority cannot be too severely e condemned. It is not enough that t the dignity of the state must be hum ,f bled by transforming the legislative a | hall into an electioneering cabal, but ’j the treasury must also he dramed in el paying an extra price for printing an i- extravagant number of electioneering e pamphlets. II “ The report in itself, is as extraor s dinary, and .unprecedented as was the e j tumult and confusion which prevailed y : iii the house, at the time of its agitu s I tion; for we cannot call it a discussion jor consideration. The majority of •.I the house permitted no discussion.— 1 1 And we assert’ it confidently, the rr ; honde were not in a temper of mind e ! to deliberate upon any subject. The >. speaker was addressed by a dozen P voices at once; “order” “order” was vociferated from every part of the \. house—all were talkers and none ,( would listen. Many attempted to o; address the chair, but such was the n confusion that they could not pro- H ceed; every one rose in his place, some motioned to adjourn, others is cried “ order” and some vociferated “ the previous question” —-and those whose lungs were exhausted, clapped ts their hands and shuffled their feet, a “In this slate of tumuli and'eon- j s fusion, the speaker proceeded to put „ the previous question , and declared v it to be carried; while it is a notorious it fact that i large portion ofthemem y hers were unable to learn the parti es cular motion, so many having been made, upon which they were called ;c to decide, and many of those who did 0 know, understood not the nature and I- effect of the previous question. «. “ Upon this vote, taken in this tu mtiltuous manner, and under those s> singular circumstances, the speaker a decided that all discussion and all e amendments, of the report, were out ). of order. ‘ >f “ Even the modesty of the mujo ?. rity was abashed at this sweeping s decison. And although they nom g inally declared themselves willing to y wave the strict rules of the house as n declared by the speaker, and enter into a discussion of the merits of the e report; yet in effect no discussion or n consideration was allowed ; no soon erdid a member of the minority at tempt to address the chair, than his r_ voice was drowned in the tumultuous ,f cries of “ order” “ order” “ the ques y tion” “ the question.” This confu sion was not of a moment’s duration, v it lasted for hours ; and several of the members left the house in disgust. The speaker nevertheless proceeded : to take the question’, allho’ repealed motions were made to adjourn, (which he decided were out of order and re -1 fused to put) and on calling the yeas J* and nays a majority were found in (1 favor of tiie report. “ Such is the history of a transac i- tion which is endeavored to be im posed upon the world, as the delibe rate act of the Legislature of Georgia. 1 “ A solemn protest to the report and proceedings of the majority, has ’ been entered by a large and respccta f hie minority. It places the subject in a plain and true light; and as it will shortly be given to the public, it supercedes the necessity of any dil l( fuse remarks from us. u As the closing act of folly and imbecility, the majority brought for “ ward and carriet! a resolution, ap- I plauuing and extolling the conduct of e themselves ! As if their own consci ences could not be appeased without a legislative sanction, and a Vote of <■ thartks. v CMS Pens yifftperdere, prins dementet.'’ ■ The yeas and na, B on , B lie port of the Committee -.vers Jr !B\ —Messrs. Ahrrr I Allen, Avery, Baker, 1 S ' )C > V? thwe i l > Bran ham, n r ;rß( I Llx,o V n V Br 3' an > Christian 'M ran, Cook, Cox, Davenport u, Early, Floyd, Footman.f f' v * ter, Freeman, Gignillh,. V Bl Hcrcll, Hines, H»r,l smi, 1. Jones, R. Jones, i’ Bi Lawson, Lazenbv, Li 2 on m, ■ Manball Moore, Moreland, Pone Iv’lH Scarlett, Sheftall, Taylor, I, j) \Wt mas, John 'Thomas, Joiif' G. E. Thomas, Tippi* Upson, Walthour, Wat/ f ; ,- ; Youpg. B NAYS.—Messrs. A,l ■ Anderson, Ash, Bandy, &P Campbell', Cullens, Dip B Fairchild, Farnall, Flea B Foster, R. Glenn, T. (J B Harris, Hutchinson, M H McAuly, McCane, A B Morrow, Murray, Oslj “ B Powell, Smith, Spam B Stephens, Stokes, Stric.... B ley, Walea, Watkins, V J S Williams, Wofford, an 9 A protest against tis 9 ed by 38 members of * I and also a rejoinder b: I has been spread cm th( ■ The same committe I last, made a further re I Hammond’s deportrae I ernor in the Executiv 9j exculpating the Sec ' H from blame, as to the I official duties.— Rcco " ■ The Legislature, it I journed on the 241 h I are the captions of sr,m I portant public acts pas: I AN At ■ I To prevent Sheri . . , I town and City Marsh I officers in this state , , I costs on younger jj I prejudice of the rigli v I ments. I To incorporate th I al Insurance Compa fi the act heretofore I purpose. k To amend the sc I lishing a Mayor’s . C *■> I of Augusta. I To add part pf the, I to the county ofGly I To authorize all I the U. States to ( I place to place, for t ■ .n To extend the drawers in the to take out their gr To incorporate Arch Chapter of th For the encour corps. To incorporat Company, of Millej borough, and Eatot] To give master **• master Masons a , erected by them in ledgevijle. To make Bank subject to t xecutioi To alter and am corporate the Was • Company. To exempt from traded after a gi articles necessary ! of a debtor’s famil, The 3ist day’s dr Nationai, Lottk.r 1 lOlh.insl. It may 1 gcnce to some advei the prize of SIOO,OOI At Beaufort, S. ft the 17th ins-t. byjp ham, Mr. Cari.uH^ Georgia, lo MiWji. Beaufort District^K.. . wiiuwso BP*— _ ? Sluflusta igtitt * Current. BAGGING, Dundee nml Inverness, SO to 55 BUTTER, best Goshen in large firkin*, •" CANDLES, Tallpw r - - - 10 Sperm, - - -IB COFFEE, prime Often, - -* 29 3J (JOB CAGE, for Bale Hope, - 9 1 COTTON, - * - - 9 i- COHN, * belled, - - FISH, Mackerel, No. 1, - - ' 9 2, - - I 5~2 3, - - 6 51 " Shad, .... Herrings, box, - - - none. _ FLOUR, Northern, - - 9 J 9 HAMS k BACON, - - 10 •* HIDES, '«> nr -. , IKON, Swedes, - - - - 5 . * Russia, 5 - - - - S * f - Ainerican, - - - •, , r, English, ... 4 J - Sheet, - - .+ ‘b Castings, - - - A ; LKAO, yt bars, .... 7l ■ MOLASSES, * - - - - SB « NAILS, Cat, - . . . 8 1« Wrought, ... SALT, Liverpool, - - - «» }J® V] Turk** Island Ruck, 1® STEEL, German, - « J? Blistered, - * *2 ■ SPIRITS, Cognac, - - - 2W | Gi.lt Uolipnd, - - 100 ifc I Gin, American, - - « I Rum, Jamaica, • ■ IJ O " I Whiskey - w 4- I Peach Brandy, - Ik I Apple Brandy, - * 7j I SUGARS, ... -OKI TEA, Hyson 2r■! 5 I TOBACCO, Lcaff, - - - 4 I '* I COTTON —Business generally suspended tlirF this week: The sales of the article are from R i warehouse* —prime at Hi real prime. 11 i > j oilier • o i. 9 ti. ioi-i. ¥ t* J prem. at ' ’ !«!• ft ’