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Cttwwlflc ilihcvftflß* . ' ' ' * ' BV AUTHO3IT7. L VWr OF THBUNITED STATES, PASSED AT THU FIRST SESSION OF THE TWBNTV fikst CONGRESS, [Pubmc —No. 62.] i\ ACT making appropriations for ex * animations and surveys, and also, for certain works of Internal Improve ment. , rr , Re it cnnclcH-hj the Senate and House nj Representatives of the United Slates of America in Congress assembled, That the following sums he, and the. same are hereby, appro priated,to be paid out of any money in the Treasury, not otherwise appropriated, For defraying the expenses incidental to making examinations and surveys lor National works, under the act of the thir- April, one thousand eight hundred amt,vventy-four, including live thousand one hu»dred and four dollars and twenty seven cev^ S) for arrearages on account of surveys and office rent in the years one thousand eight hundred and twenty six, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven, and one thousand eight hundred r.ad tweaty-eignr, winy u««.- saaii dollars. I'or continuing the road from Detroit to Fort Gratiot, seven thousand dollars. For continuing the road from Detroit to fckiganaw bay, seven thousand dol lars. For continuing the road front Detroit to Chicago, eight thousand dollars. For completing repairs on the road between Alachua Court House, and Jack sonville, in Florida, two thousand dol lars. For completing the fond from Ain gun to Mariana, two thousand dollars. For completing the survey and esti mate of a canal to connect the waters of the Atlantic with the Gulf of Mexico, ten thousand four hundred dollars. And it shall he the duty of the Secretary of War to cause a detailed report to be made cut, shewing the practicability or impracticability of making a ship or oth er canal, and the reasons for either, with tin estimate of the probable expense, and advantages of such canal us may he con sidt red practicable. iSkc. 2. And be. it further enacted, That the sum of one hundred thousand dollars he, and the same is hereby appropriated for the purpose of opening, grading, and making the Cumberland road, westwnrd ly of Zanesville, in the State of Ohio; and that the sum of sixty thousand dollars he, mid the same is hereby appropriated for the purpose of opening, grading, and bridging the Cumberland road, in the State of Indiana, commencing at Indian apolis, and progressing with the work to the eastern and western boundaries of said Stale; and that the sum offorly thou sand dollars be, and the same is hereby, appropriated for the purpose of opening, grading, and bridging the Cumberland road, in the State of Illinois; which said sum shall be paid out of any money not otherwise appropriated, and replaced out ol the fund reserved for laying out ami making roads, under the direction of Congress, by the several m Ih • admission of States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, ami Missouri, into the Union, on an equal footing with the original States. Sec. 3. Andie it further enacted. That for the immediate accomplishment of those objects, the superintendents heretofore appointed or hereafter to be appointed in the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, shall, under the direction of the President of the United (States, faithfully execute the work, njul disburse the mom y, giving bond and security as he shall direct, nnd receiving such compensation as in his opinion shall he equifablcand just, not n\- ~ 'eding to each that heretofore allowed by law to the Superintendent ofthc Cum berland road in the Slate of Ohio. S-jc. 4. And be it further enacted, That the sum of lirteen thousand dollars be, and the same is hereby granted, for claims due and remaining unpaid at the Treasu ry, on account of 1 lie Cumberland road, east of Wheeling, to be paid out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise ap propriated. AnD n e w St n ■vrnsnx, Speaker of the House of Representatives. S. Smith, President ofthc Senate pro tempore. I approve this bill, and ask reference to my communication to Congress of this date, in relation thereto. ANDREW JACKSON. Way 31,1830. LATEST FUOS FRANCE. IVvi.TIMO" Jft, August 3. TJy the packet ship Formosa, Captain Orne, at New-York from Havre, brings Paris papers tothe22d. of June, inclusive. TELEGRAPHIC DESPATCH. The Minister of the .Marine, to the Prefects and Sub-Prefects: Paris, June2lst.—The arm// has land ed in eight hours, with its ammunition and provisions. Tiie enemy’s positions have been turn ed and carried; the masses of cavalry which he opposed to us were repulsed, hio cannon taken, and our arm// is en camped upon the ground which' he had occupied. Oalignani’s J/esscnger says: AVe find (lie following in flic Sema phore ofMarseilles:-“TI.e English steam er rt'.jrge IV. have received orders to go to v giers with the utmost despatch. It is said to be charged with an important Mission relating to the expedition.” following details respecting the ; t,ion are derived from a source on reliance may be placed:—lt ap i i.it the fleet has found an excellent ■ ige, which was unknown, the tlis v of which ensures complete success a operations. On the 15th, nt ten in • morning, the personnel of the arm v was n disembarked; the materiel alone was ‘J" on hoard; but if the weather continu ed favorable for four days, the disembar kation would have been forward enough to enable the army to advance and be-in the siege. Disbelieved that the troops ..ave been divided into three corps; one to remain at the place where the landing Was effected, another, to proceed aloti the coast, and take possession of the bat terie that skirt it; and the third to march along the heights in order to turn the town, ami to attack lion the cast and south. The walls on that side are said U» be in such bad condition, as to require but a few vollies to make a breach; it is tiierelorc considered not unlikely that >y tins tjme the town is taken and the expedition terminated. The roadstead of Torre Chica is an unexpected safeguard to the expedition, nnd removes ail anxiety. It is only to be wished that there may be no need of cavalry; for, according to ac counts from Palma, almost alUho horses perished during a thirty ta ,V 3 B * a y on board the vessels. The 17th regi ment of chasseurs will make campaign on foot. On the 17th when tie fleet was still at Palma, a great numbtr ol dead horses were thrown into the tea; the few remaining were to he employed in the artillery service. SidiclFerrucii is n small port, five leagues west of Algers, where the Algerine Government shi>s its pro duce, especially cattle, for the coast ol {*>pain and other European ports. ’1 wo roads, one direct, the other along the cost by Caxine, lead from Sadi el Fennell to Algiers; these roads, particularly that a long the seaside, are intersected ny chains of mountains, which do not present ma ny obstacles to the progress of travellers. The point at which the French army lan ded was mounted with batteries; a map recently published marks five; there must have been a greater number, ns f?idi el I' CiTuiT! may i.v«. i-nsiOrrert the mercantile port ofthc Algerine capital; an attack on that side is striking the llogency to llie heart, it is therefore probable that the most, powerful means of defence were di rected to that point. Advices from Gibraltar announce that the captain of the English vessel Eman uel, arrived there from Oran, reports that the English consul there had positive in formation that upwards of 110 men of the shipwrecked brigs the Hyleno and Adventure were on the 25th ult. at Al giers. It appears that, in Older to save these who were wandering in the mouu , tains or who had fallen into the hands of ; the Bedouins, from being massacred, the | Dey had oifered a reward ofSOOf. for eve [. ry French-man that was brought to him J alive. PIIAXC'E.—The election is adjourned in nineteen departments, containing 28,- , 701 electors, nnd sending 10!) deputies; I of which number 75 voted for lae address from the Chamber, which led to its dis solution, and 31 against it. ( The postponement of the elections will p mjt retard the meeting of the Chamber, 1 ns the Deputies may lie returned and in j Paris by the 3d of August. 1 LATEST FROM ENGLAND. r The packet ship York, Thompson, at 1 rived at \. York from Liverpool, brings j Liverpool papers of June 21th, with Lun - don ofthc previous day. t The King was still living. A letter {’ from Windsor, written late in the cve . ningof the 22d says, “the cough and ex f pectoration continuo quite as trouble . some as they have been for (lie two past I days, nnd there is no alteration whatever 1 in the genera! condition ofthc King.” I Duty on Sugars. —The I louse then rcsolv i cd itself into a committee of ways nnd ' means, when the Chancellor of the Ex ' chequer intimated bis intention of redne - ,i.unarscr kinds of Last India nugars, upon the snmn scale as tliose of the West Indies. He also proposed an alteration of the graduated scale, from I/. 2s. (id, to 11. 2s. After some debate this Chancellor cf the Exchequer's resolutions were adopt ed 182 to Ml. j. From llsr. Hancock Ailvcrticcr. ■ AA e have just returned from nn oxcur • sion up the country, of between two and i three weeks, during which we visited ; Habersham county, and spent several days at its capital, Clarkesville. 1 From observations made, nnd informa tion received, we do not hesitate to ex press our belief, that a very few years 1 lienee will find Clarkesville a wealthy, 1 populous, and beautiful town, the resort < of invalids, and the summer retreat ofthe - fnshienaMes from the lower counties. , AVe question if a more healthy region •an be found in the Union than that ol - Habersham and the adjacent country. The salubrity of the atmosphere and ol the waters v, ill bcabninluntly proven by a . few days residence. Twelve miles from Clarkes* ilie are t.ie falls of Tallulah, a view cf which alone is worth a seven ■ days’ journey; hat when taken in con i ncxion with (ho vast, deep, awe-inspir ing gulf through which the little stream pitches and tumbles and foams and brawls, a view is “worth a voyage across the Atlantic.” The ’iV.eeoa falls, not far from the Tullalnli, are not destitute of in forest, but they attract comparatively few visiters. In the neighborhood ofthe . (hi!.-) is situated the Grassy Mountain, from whoso lolly summit a boundless extent of country lies spread out to the ( view of the delighted spectator. The next stimulus to curiosity arc the gold mines. The nearest ofthesc, now in operation, are fifteen miles in a wes terly course from Clarkesville. Three .miles below Clarkefville, on the Sokee, a tributary to the Chottnlioochie. an enterprising gentleman (Aloses Stroup) is erecting works fur the iimnufactm e ol iron. The beds of ore are inexhaustible. When these works arc complete, the is sue of wrought iron will he 2.000 pounds per diem: nnd they can be enlarged to any desirable extent. Travellers will find themselves well compensated for their trouble by an inspection of these noble works. Price of iron tjj-8 per hun dred. There arc three comfortable taverns in Clarkesville, and from the constant passage of people to nnd from the gold mines and elsewhere, we conclude that they all do a pretty good business, al though their charges are very moderate. We are fold that it is in contemplation to erect n splendid edifice, with correspon dent tables and accommodations, for the benefit of such as have beeen accustomed to more luxurious living than is usually to he obtained in nn ordinary inn. The old court-house is to betaken down, and n handsome one to ho built in its place. In fact, the Habershnmcrs are no lon ger to be grinned at with impunity. They begin to feel their importance. What with their polite attention, their cxhiliru tmg atmosphere and pure waters, and i their grand and beautiful sceftpry, togeth i f! " n“ lllc influx 0< admiring pilgrims, travellers nnd sojoinicrs, they have no longer resort to prevarication and suhter mge, while passing through the older i and more arable counties, to conceal the ! !s?S£C2tt*«* ,h “ uh^b - From the Sumterville (9. C ) Oazeue. plain cases. Suppose the Hobbit, the Kacoon, the Pox and the Otter hunters of this district would have u law passed that the citi zens of Sumter should purchase huts made of file furs they would procure, or pay a high tax on foreign hats. Would not this give employment and wealth to numerous laborers in tiic Habbit and Racoon hunting branch of industry?— This is the very principle of the Ameri can system. Every part of it is as unjust and as absurd as is the robbing the ma ny of Sumter district, to support the few Rabbit hunters. Again, let those interested in destroy ing Alligators and soiling their hides, hiive a law enacted, that their neighbor.:: in the district should purchase shoes made oat of Alligator skins, or pay a very high duty on those of any other mater ial. Would not onr swamps, lakes and river banks be soon surrounded by idle and half-starved wretches, shooting Alli gators? This is encouraging domestic industry. This is organizing the labor ami cupitulof the country. The American sys tem in perfection. If the crops in the Di trict should he 1 generally cut short by the severe drought. ’ should not Darlington or the neighbor ing districts be prevented from supply ing the Sumter people with corn? Some of our planters would have corn for sale and their high prices ought not to be low- L ered by the excess of importations from ' foreign districts. Always give encour [ agement to domestic producers by lay inga high tax on, or prohibiting foreign productions'.—The very ijuinleiistnce of die “American .System!” QOO— . From ttic H inner of the Constitution. There are now (1830) 01)7 sugar cstah t lisiinients in lieuisiann. 'J'hequantity of sugar manufactured on 4811 plantations, at ! the i lose of 13:28 was 87,iJ(it> hogsheads, . containing as near as may be, 88 millions ; of pounds. In addition to tips, wc import ; 55 millions of pounds, making the whole - consumption oflhe L’. Stales, at tlie close ofJB2B, 1 id millions of pounds, or about 1 I, per head for each man, woman and , child, in the United .States. The duty i paid atfl cts per pound ammiius to n tax on the community of upwards of 4 } mil lions of dollars, whereof about 2* millions of dollars goes to swell the purses of the sugar planters of Louisiana—at that lime no more than 483, at the present no more limn 700 at the utmost. The few planta . lions in Florida and Georgia, built up on a speculation of the continuance of this r tax in their favor, arc too few and in sig nificant to be worth notice. Here, then, 483 planters cost ns $4,280,- .. (fOO—for that is the amount oflhe tux on t the sugar consumed in the United States; r and they divided inrong them 3 cents per pound on S 3 million:; of pounds of sugar raised by them; that m $2,040,000 or $5,- j 400 per head! Is it worth the people’s while to bribe n plnnle.. to cultivate the lands on the Mississippi »t tins expense! . In England, 1(5,000,000 t>f people oon , snnie 100.000 toils, or about 300.000,000 of pounds of sugar—making ins. per I head. The average price of raw sugar there is about 1\ pence per lb or 15 cts. including n duty of icarO pent I ''or Id cts. per pound on West India siigar. 'File consumption has been greatly increased, on every diminution of the ditty, so as ] manifestly to benefit rather Ilian injure the revenue by a reduction of duties. In my family, the consumption oi’sit j gar of all kinds is (50 pound per annum, [ for each white person: and as a lux of I 3 cents occasions a rise in the actual sel ling price of 4 cents, I pay a tribute cf $2,10 per head, annually, imposed by this protecting monopoly of the Louisiana planter. —o2o— Prosperity of Savannah. —Tic Georgian b states, us mi evidence of tlie increasing ; prospcril;/ ol Savannah, that “during the i past season every habitable house in the f place line, been oc upied, a great many new buddings luuc been erected, old ones f repaired and enlarged, and eiKpiirics-een i thiac for others. Rents Imre adranced in i consequence, and are now twenty tire i hfty percent higher than three years i since. i lie (uiuiiccs of tho city are ro - presented as in a prosperous condition, ■- and it is affirmed by a document ol’Coun i that willi the same attention to econo- I rny which has been exercised I'orafevv 3 '/ears past, every vestige of tlie public i* uebt will he swept awny la sihtii i,ear* . and no increase oftax.es will be aecea-apv f lo effect it—t 'harlestou Ceurier. ■ vC/G — > , Georgia Silk. —A Specimen of While * Sowing Silk, made by Mr. Win. G. - Springer, of Carroll County, mm/ be seen at this office. Tlie silk, although made e '‘•on! the common wild or black nmlbcr f I 7A °t $ beautiful color and texture, and would rival that from any part of the uoi Id, Ihe fact that the silk worm docs v. ell on the black mulberry, so common in • nil parts of Georgia, is es vast impor ) lance to the people of lids State, as they t can go to raising silk at once, without ■ having first to plant mid rear the trees; - as the loaves can be gathered fresh from ■* the forests as they are wanted. Various ) other leaves, such as the oak, & e . nn l swerto support the Silk Worm besides r the mulberry. —Macon 'J'c’.egrcyh, —OOO — .Having published the account from the 5 Acw-Vork Commercial, in which it was t slated that Mr\ Randolph, on going on I board the Concord , attempted to a««ume t the command of that vessel, we deem it - duo to that gentleman to state, that "the . Norfolk Herald denounces the lJunuZ ) as being ‘'utterly fabulous" ami that “there - is no! a word of truth in UP \Ve fust the : -New York Commercial,in whose columns I the communication originally appeared, i wd take immediate steps to expose the : mmior o( so gross and malicious a fabri cnlVou’lOlP, U . ,>llc i,, ‘ ll V?nafion. The Kor iolli Herald in commenting on the slate - meat says, “the editor of the Commercial r asserts that this communication comes t Irom a most honor:ihle source—from a ; •«"" who In the brighter age of the re -1 pubhc-wlien worth made the man, stood Ingli m the confidence and councils of his , country,” nnd then affirms “that if the > name of any individual who once stood - high m the confidence and councilsof Ins r ~ 7U ntm ,lOt ext '°P lin K Aaron Burr ? l inpanied the cdmmunica - tion, it tvaaj^rgn?.” Baltimore Chronicle. AUOUBTA t WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 11, 1830. “Be just, and fear not." We, ourselves, must be assured of the correct ness oflhe statement made by our correspondent “ Candour," before we can publish it; and till so assured, on better authority than an anony mous signature, we know of no reason why our readers should not bo as much “ on the right side oflhe question” now, as they would be in giving credence to a counter statement. Tlie item was copied from one of numerous other papers that contained it; and if “Candour” will furnish us with proper evidence of its incorrectness, it shall be laid before our readers. The National Intelligencer of the 27tii ultimo, in extracting a large portion of the excellent Dis course of the Rev. S. G. Bulfinch of this City, delivered in t]io Unitarian Church, on the 4th July last, pays a justly deserved tribute to its merits, considering it “ highly honorable to the head and heart of the young divine.” The Democrat. —The reader will find in our advertising columns, the Prospectus of a now paper under this title, to bo established in Co lumbus, Georgia, by C, E. Bartlett, Esq. Mr. Bartlett is well known to tiio people of Geor gia as an editor of great experience and ability, a gentleman of extensive literary knowledge, ’ and warm patriotic feelings, and an instructive, agreeable, nnd powerful writer. Few men are better qualified for the arduous duties of an edi tor and publisher. We heartily wish success to his new enterpri/.e; and will cheerfully receive ' subscriptions to The Democrat. “ Sue liad a rolling eye, its fell; w ii laid none.” The Charleston Courier, in giving a descrip tion of a Sea-Serpent, seen hy Mr. Gooch of Kcnncbiink, says : “ lie (Mr. Gooch) thinks his head was about the size of a ten gallon cask, and his eyes about the size of an oxl” Mercy on us 1 what eyes! They are infinitely worse than “ Tnc Ausc, described by tie poet, Whose owner could not rcutli lo blow it.” The eyes, wo believe, arc generally placed in the head, hut in this instance, we should have supposed the order must bo exactly reversed, wore it not that Mr. Gooch says they were “ bright, and projecting from his head.” We suspect that his worthy Snakcship has been greatly misrepresented in this matter, either by the Courier or Mr. Gooch, tmd that neither of the ryes described is ihc right cyb. From Athens. —Old King Caucus has again held his annual levee at his Athenian Palace, and as usual, the patriotic aspirants to the public honors in his gill, have obsequiously bowed the knee to his majesty, and humbly solicited his gracious permission to servo the public. The deliberations of his cabinet arc of course dignified v> tin a suitable degree of courtly 'mystery, and Veiled as much no rmin tlie miDorlinont eye of plebeian curiosity; but it is rumored that his gracious majesty lias again been puzzled to, decide between the conflicting claims of his I numerous courtiers, to the satisfaction of all; and I that several of the rejected applicants, who burn ( with an irresistible patriotic ardour to advance : public good, regardless of private interest, , have rebclliously thrown off their allegiance, and determined to appeal to the people. The au thority of tlie old monarch is greatly on the wane; and, what with the repeated defections of his liege subjects, and the ungrateful jealousy of the people, against those who so kindly take upon themselves tho trouble of deciding who they shall, and shall not, vote for, it is probable that one or two more ruptures in Ids cabinet, will put an end to his reign. One of the old members, it is said, has boon decided against, positively; & perhaps another— one of the most able and intelligent men in tho delegation— against whom strong symptoms of opposition were manifested. It is likely, how ever, that all will take the field, together with several now candidates, some of whom have gone on an electioneering tour through the UP country. Mr. Billups, of Oglethorpe, had declined previous to Commencement. The two vacancies iu the Board of Trustees of the College, were filled by the appointment of Judge Schley, of this comity, and Dr. Fort, of Millodgcvillo. This is well; highly creditable ■ t 0 ,h,! Morality and judgment of the Board; and will do much, very much, for the future prosper ity of the College. We trust wo may look upon ' it as a presage of a now era of good feelings between the two political parties of the State. Lot tho hatchet he buried, if possible—and the i question of all future political contests he, who shall most advance tho interests of the Stata ratiior tlinn ihoso oT a pa fly, ' Tho late extraordinary marriage of a Mr. Foots,, a lawyer, of Decatur, Dekalb County, to a little girl of tho same County, has boon made ; the subject of legal discussion at Athens; where the parties were brought before Judge Clayton, on the 2nd instant, hy virtue of a writ of Habeas Corpus. The girl, at tiio time of the marriage was aged 10 years, 1 month, and 17 days; weigh ing only 52 pounds, nnd fully ius childish in he r manners, as is customary at her ago. It ap* peared in tho evidence, as reported to us, that tho family, which is respectable, but humble, con sists of the girl, her mother, and a brother; lie probably of ago, or nearly so. Tho father had left a small property, part of which, probably two or three negroes, is tho portion of the girl, i Ibe mother is rather a weak-minded woman, and Foote had obtained such an influence over ■ her mind, ns to induce her to believe that her son was disposed to waste and destroy the pro perty to turn him out of doors—nnd to marry | * ,L ‘ , daughter to him, (Foote,) as tho only means . ol protecting tho property. The marriage was i determined upon, with the knowledge of the daughter, on one night, and took place the next. I Tlie clergyman and magistrate of the neighbor- J hood, both refused to perform tlie ceremony, I and the magistrate who officiated, was brought , fr° m a distance. Tho license stated the age of . tho girl to be over twelve years. When the girl . was informed, on the arrival of tho magistrate, that she was to ho married, she positively re fused, and for a long time resisted, hy dinging in the bed post; and when the ceremony was per formed she sat un a chair, rclbsing to stand up. She *ent home with Foote reluctantly, and slept with him two nights, after which she was taken away from him by the neighbors. On being ask ed by the Judge, if she said yes to the usual ques tion, she said she did, but did so from fear of her mother: and when asked by him, if she wished to live with Foote, she replied, with much warmth, that she did not, and never would; and that she hated him, and did not wish to bear his name mentioned to bar. Foote is said to be in needy circumstances, and sued for his board. The Judge decided that the girl should be kept from Foote, undercharge of a guardian, til! she closes her twelfth year, when she is to become his wife, or not, as she herself may determine. Much indignation was evinced against Foote, in Athens, which, it was feared, would end in vio lence. A message was sent to him at his lodg ings, at lUL'ht, requesting him to walk out to some I one who wished to sec him, but, at the advice of others, he declined Imlian Affairs. —The Cherokee Phontix of the ; Hist ult. contains a letter from the Principal Chief, John Ross, to H. Montgomery the U. S. Agent, requesting him to inform the President, ■ that the Indians would lay their case, respecting the extension of the law? of Georgia over the CberokooTorritory, before the Supreme Court, and that they look to him (the President) to pro tect them from the operation of said laws, as far as t o Constitution, Treaties, and Laws of tho United States will authorize him to go, until a final decision is made by that tribunal.—Tho i Constitution, Jaws, and treaties of tho United States, do not authorize tho President to interfere i with tho matter, as ho has already informed them. • And we cannot see how the Supreme Court of the U. States can possibly sustain their object. The same papur contains, also, a long commu nication under the signature of “A Georgian,” ■ strongly protesting against the conduct of “ his f native State,” (if he bo really a Georgian,) in 1 relation to the Indians—and filled with absurdi- I tics so glaring, that one would suppose they can 1 deceive no one hut the most ignorant, even of the 1 ignorant Indians—confounding tho right of juris diction and right of soil, and involving the author ( ity of tho State and United StatcsGovcrnnicnts, in most admirable confusion. Alluding to tho right of territory and jurisdiction derived by the Slates from Grcat-flritain, be says: “Now granting, and for argument sake alone, that the English King received the allegiance of tiio Indians to 1 the extent contended for Ly some—to which of ' the two sovereignties did that allegiance rightly ■ attach by the issue of tho Revolution— the State or Federal Government?” 1! 1 Such a question as this, would, of itself, -disgrace any notice of i such arguments, if they were not entirely of a I piece with those of the deluded philanthropists ; ot the North. Aud such a writer, who docs not . know that the Federal Government was not in s existence at the termination of the Revolution, is . of course amply qualified to be a teacher of “the I poor Indians.” Hut, murk how promptly and 1 conclusively (to his own mind) he answers his : own question—“ Certainly to tho latter, as the paramount aud most appropriate power.” Wliyi i yes, considering its nonentity, it certainly was ; paramount, and highly appropriate ; and, of [ course, it is not to be wondered lie should doubt i that there is “ any one so hardy as to withold i this rational admission." He afterwards says: , “If the stickler for State Rights [docs he know I the meaning of State Rights?] disputes my posi ■ lion, I would cite him to the compact of 1602. 1 111 ‘hat agreement, the right to treat with and • extinguish the Indian title to lands, is conceded f by the State to tho United Slates. [lias the 1 .Slate claimed (his right, or attempted to exercise it?] And here lot mo ask, if tho State of Gcor t gi x believed she possessed the exclusive right to t treat with the Cherokccs for their lands, would she have given an immense territory to the Gon i oral Government to do that which she herself - could have done?” This is worse than the at ) tack of the valiant knight of La Mancha, on the f wind-mill! He did attack something, though it • were hut n wind-mill; but our Quixotic attacks t nothing ! at least, nothing but what he, himself, ; creates, like the boy who builds snow forts and j castles, merely to show his redoubtable courage, 1 skill, and power, in besieging and overthrowing them! Tho Stale has never evinced a belief r that site possessed the exclusive, or even joint, f right of treating with tho Indians. 1 Immediately after this sago denial of the right . id the State to treat &c. he says; “Having clear- I ly established, as 1 conceive, [by the above dc . niul, of course] that the jurisdiction of the Clicr t okee Nation is vested, if vested any where, in tho s General Government, let us next enquire wheth . or the whole or any part qf tiiat jurisdiction has 3 been transferred to jho Slate of Georgia.” Ex -3 ccllcnt! 11c has proved that the State lias not > the right of jurisdiction, because it has ceded to tho U. States tho right to treat Ac. M'hat has . the right to treat &c. to do with the right of 3 jurisdiction? But, if tho Federal Government is ) paramount, andtlio allegiance &c. of the Indians, 3 attached to if, by the issue of the Revolution, why , should the right to treat &c. have been coded to s it, before it could exercise that right? , Ihe reader will sec from the above, what ah - solute nonsense is put forth, with all the parade r °f pretended knowledge and authority, by those who assume tlio part of advocates of “tho poor In -1 dians, and lire right of insulting and abusing the State of Georgia. And to show that this “Gcor | B' an ' s a3 sensitive and regardful of the honor & character of “his native State,” as lie is intimate ' with, and devoted to, her just rights and interests, w’e will give one or two specimens of his patri otic and manly stylo. Ho speaks of tho “blazing r proclamation of tho Governor of Georgia;" and, r in the true “Hordes vein,” of tho “merciless • law,” “cruelty,” “persecution,” “despotism,” ' “scheme of oppression,” “monstrous doctrine," 5 and “enlightened and civilized legislature,’’’of 3 Georgia, (“his native State;”) and calls her ox t tension of jurisdiction, a “presage of the down. • fall of a nation bloating with corruption from an - overgrown pride and prosperity.” I . 11 is "necessary to say, that we believe he t is not a native Georgian; or, if he is, that he is f a recreant son. If i, were otherwise, and his opmton* and views were sincere, tho’ mistaken ’ aml dictated by a charitable regard for, and hon est but deluded sympathy with, the Indians, would ho not have expressed them j n tricnoratc and respectful language, and appealed to his fdl ow citizens in a paper of his awn State, rather than in one opposed to it. But he is not the only white man—not the only “Georgian,”— opposed to the just and humane policy of his native State and tho United States; and it is not unlikely, that he lias motives of self interest, in opposing it similar to those of numerous others’, who indto the Indians to a course detrimental to themselves and which, but for these self-interested imri<m'. ers, (their greatest enemies) they never would have dreamed of. They have no feelings and interests in common with the citizens of t| le j r “native State.” Their treasure is in the Indian country—obtained by deluding and cheatin® the ignorant and drunken of its unfortunate people which the policy in question would prevent—and where tho treasure is, there tho heart is. This native Georgian is highly lauded by tlic I editor of the Phoenix, as one of those who “an I worthy of the American name, and an honor to the State and the Nation.”—An apostate Gcorgi an is worthy the praise of an enemy of “his na tive Slate.” It is but meet that treason should ' Ho paid for by those who derive the benefit of if. and it could scarcely be rewarded more cheaply' FOR THE CHRONICLE AND ADVERTISER. “ REDUCTION," or, “AO REDUCTION: Wo. Vii. CONCLUSION. People of Georgial In the spirit of candour, and with honest pur pose, wc have canvassed tho subject, on which you have been called to deliberate, by a Reso lution of your Legislature. Need wo say, how conscious wc arc, that it has been imperfectly done? Who can obviate by argument—who can suppress by persuasive eloquence, every objection, and every passion, which prejudice, or interest, can raise, or inflame? Wo have contented ourself with touching only on promi nent points. If conviction be produced on these minor ones lose their power to eontroul tho jud®. incut, or to influence action. They yield to the force of superior reason, and arc no longer ac counted, But wc are aware that many pr.mi3 touched, and others barely hinted at, arc wor. thy of elaborate discussion—that many of.tho particulars of a reform, (and arc there not many beside that wo have been considering?) will 1 give rise to questions, on which profound know, i lodge of politics may be displayed, and applied, 1 i All of thorn wc shall not enumerate. Futliceit to say, that Senatorial Districts—the basis of rc -1 presentation—the ratio of representation—and, !. connected with those topics, tho number ofmem hers proper to compose the whole Legislature and the number respectively suitable to each branch of it, are .ill prolific of questions, fo r . grave debate, and proper subjects for the appli cation of important principles. But we appro ‘ bend, that “right decisions will depend more on 1 the temper, and manner, with which wc may prevail upon ourselves to contemplate the sub ‘ joct, than upon tho devolopcmont of any pro ' found political principles, or any remarkable skill in the application of them.” More will depend upon tho disinterested patriotism, with which wo may he inspired, and the liberality of public sentiment, than upon any intrinsic diffi culties in tiro work to be accomplished. Who , docs not perceive that most of the perplexities which are incident to the scheme of Reduction, are ol a nature extrinsic to that scheme, and result from sources which, in our preliminary essay, we have noticed? But arc these ditii cullies tho less obstinate because they arc chief ly extrinsic? On the contrary, they arc tiro iiuira distracting—therefore, the more to be dreaded, and liic more to be laboured against. Need wo appeal to you to exhibit, throughout this matter, the noble qualities of just and liberal minded Republicans? Can freemen bo slaves to lliepotv i cr of prejudice, ami mean, hi the spirit ofsoliisli ness? Can tire high-hearted he generous in speech, yet base in conduct? Wo neither believe, nor require you, to lie more, or loss, than men. As men, you arc liable to be swayed by interest in politics, ns in the pursuit of wealth, in the one, as in (ho otlnr, you aro alike liable to !lie influence of passion. But in settling institutions of government, that must he permanent, let enlightened justice aril reason ho, the one, the object, the other, tho guide, of your judgment, and your conduct. „ Thus may you hope for the happiest results U your labours. They who aspire to inform and lead you, should recommend themselves to your esteem, 'ey their candour, their honesty, their liberality, their justice, and the purity of their patriotism. They should ho catircly animated by these son timonts. For it is not possible, that (hoy who grovel alway in the narrow politics of party, cr.n entertain great and generous sentiments. Nor is it easy for them to determine justly and disin terestedly, when delicate and complicated af* fairs arc to he considered and adjusted. Honco, let the enlightened, mid the good, lead the march of reformation. Lot their counsels ho delibera ted. For, is it not the glory of the American People, that they acknowledge tlictnsolvti subjects only to Reason, to Law, and te Liberty How is it, that they cherish Liberty, the (ir.-‘B idol of mankind? Is it not by consulting th- ■ oracles of Reason? and of Justice? By obeying ■ their mandates, embodied in the laws? ih u ■ they not, beyond all former examples amen. I mankind, by the common deliberation, and (In I common consent of citizens, peaceably f or,l,e I and established their governments, on just an- H exalted principles? Have they not, to thaw® I dor of Christendom, deliberately, and peaceably. H after fair experiment upon them—the sv.c.-H being sheathed, and no soldier in the field - I •cred and new modelled the structure of dun'■ governments? Have they not done this. after experience of the errors and inconvenient 105 their first draughts, made while tho theory cl >1 Representative Republic was hut imperfectly ■ understood? Shall we not, upon similar CI P C H ricncc, add another to the list of those twn-'H plos of pacific revolution, (if revolution it which, contrasted with what the world has hi'!'-* erto witnessed, do highest honor to our country.■ and mankind? Let the glory of perfecting tb<™ theory of Representative Government, ami 0 ■ adjusting its principles of arrangement, to c> 11 II hit tho happiest practice, incite us. Let d R ’ curityofour happiness—the prosperity—tho honour of our State —indu fl I Jj to proceed to the work, to TfWt?i our ’ fSHnS' H