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Making together ujrji the balance in
the tteafury ou that day at’ 131846,000
An agg'egafc of 24,346,000
Leaving on the (irft Hay of
January, jBog. aiun of 16,000,000
Sixteen rrilli >ns of dollars in cath or bond*
pavablc during the year 1809, and appiica
blc to (he expenses of that-year. It is pre-
Aiintd that the receipts arlfiug from impor
tations and payments for land* fubfequcrjt to
the josh September, 180 S, will nor be grea
ter than the daduvlibns on account ot bad
deb's and the extension of credit ca curtain
articles.
The cxpences of the year 1809, wochl ac
cording to the appropriations already, made
and to ihcufual annual dlimafcs, amount to
thirteen millions of dollars.
Leaving a Air plus, of only 3.000,000 of
doll ,ts for defraying aP the expcnccs ler for
tifications, military stoics, ircrcafe of the
army and navv, or otherwise incident to a
Bate of afiual war, or of preparations fur
war.
The annual appropriation on account of
the public debt, amounting to 8,000,000,
and the intcreft fer the year 1809, being
Lfs than three millions of dollars; an au
thority to borrow $■,000.000 would only ■
create a new debt equal to the principal of
the eld debt Tcitnfnlrled during that year, it d
appears fuffirient to provide for any defiden
cv arising from the exrramdinary expenfe*
which may he thus authorifed by congrds.
It thus appears, that notwithstanding the
general waifarc of the belligerent powers a.
p-ifiA neutral rations, and the conftrjuent
fufpepfioo of commerce which rock place 1
in ;hr latter end of the reir 1807, and not 1
u'iihftandlng the increafcd tatc of expendi
ture naturally «riling from that state of
things; the ordinary revenue will have been
fefficient to defray all the cxptnfes of the
years 1808. and 1809, including for 1808 a
reimburfernm - of debt exceeding ( millions
of dollars, and without making any addition
to that debt in 1809. The mcab’rcs ne
ceflarv to he adopted in order to make a
timely provision for the fervicc of the enfo
ing yeats, depend on the courfc which the
U. S. will p'irfue in relation so foreign ag
gressions. And that being yet unafeertain.
cd, it hecom't ncccflary to examine the fe
vrral alternatives left to the choice of con
gff^-
Ei»h*r the navigation of the ocean will be
abandoned by the U. S. or it will be re
lumed.
The fir ft fnppofuion is that of a contimt.
ance of the embargo of the vcffcls cf the U.
S. a"d admits of two alternatives.
1. Either a provifnn generally forbidding
exportations, may continue tq make part
of the fv ftetn, in which case, importa
tions, whether exurrfi.lv inferditHed or
—rot fnc Wdfit ot the iitfnrs of
payment, healfodifcpntinned :
2. Or exportations and corresponding im
portations may be permitted ia foreign
t’rffcls. 1
The second fnpopfition sl r o offers two,
and only two alternatives. It may indeed
be admitted that the decrees of France can he
enforced only in her own territories, and
in those ofher allies ; that however efficient
in preventing any commerce Ictween the
U» S. and herfelf, those decrees cannot ma
terially affefl'that between ht r enemies and
the U. .8. and mav therefore in that refpeft
be disregarded. But G. Britain having the
moans of enforcing her orders on the ocean,
the navigation of that element cannot he re
sumed without encountering those orders;
«iul they mull either be submitted to or re
filled. There can be no middle way be
tween those two courses.
3. Either America tnuft accept the portion
c f commerce allotted to her by the Britilh
elites, and abandon alt that is forbidden,
( nd it is aot material whether this be
done by legal providers limiting the com
mcrce of the U. S. to the permitted
places) or, hv sequiefeing in the capture
of edicts, flepfiug beyond the preferibed
hounds.
4. Or the lation mull oppof* force to the ex
execution of the orders of England ; and
this, however done, tnd by what ever
pame called, will he war.
Os those four alternatives, the fccond and
third differ neither In principle, nor in their
efl'ft cn the revenue. A* both plans con
fiil in permitting partial exportations and
importations, it niuft be acknowledged,
that obj vfliorahle as that course may be in
other refpcftsv if coofidcied merely in re
lation to the fifeal concerns of the union, it
will for the moment be attended with lef*
difficultv than either the present system or
war. For however narrow ihc limits to
which, cn that plan, the exportation and
importations of the U. S. may he reduced,
yet there w ill fall be foinc commerce, and
foms revenue a riling from commerce. And
as, in pursuing that humble path, means of
defence become uancccffary, as there will be
no occaliop for either an army or a navy, it
is believed that there would be no difficulty
in reducing the public expenditure to a rate
cotrcfponding with the fragments of import
which might Oil! be coUcdcd. If that
course be adopted, no other provision fee ms
nrceffiuy, than an immediate reduction of
expenrea.
The fvftem bow in force, and war, how
ever diffi uilar iia some icfpeds, are both con.
fidered ;i$ refinance. Nor is it brlieved
that their eff.ft on national wealth and pub
lic revenue would he materially diff'tcmr.
In cither cife a nortion, and a portion onl}’,
of the nation *1 industry and capital, hereto--
foie employed in the production, tratifpof -
ration, and exchange of agricultural pro
ducts, or in the foreign carrying trade, can
immediately be diverted to ojher objects.
) In case of a continuance "of the embargo and
non.exportation, either u le.fs quantify of
commodities mud be produced, ora portion
will accumulate until the freedom of com
merce (hall he restored. In cife of war,
that surplus will be exported, and although
a part mud be to:, by capture, a portion of
i the returns will l>e received. If the embar
go and suspension of commerce (hail be con.
tinned, the revenue arising from commerce
wiil, in a fhort.time, entirely disappear.
In case of war, fomc part of that revenue
will remain ; but it wiii be ahforbed by the (
increase of public expenditure. In either
case, new refourccs, to an amouunt yer un
afoerrained, mu ft be resorted to. But the
a fieri ion, that amount will be nearly the
fame in either of the twoaUernatives of em
bargo or war, is cortefl only on the fuppo
fi'ivn, that the embargo and non-exporta
tion ar”, after a certain time, to he fuper
ceded by war, unless foreign augrefilons lhall
cease j and that rendering, therefore, pre
parations for war neceffaiy, they require a
rate of expenditure far beyo.-.J that of a
peace efiablifinmnf.
if, however, the and non infer
coorfe are to have equal continuance with
the hci!is>ercnt edicts, indefinite as that is ;
if it be determined to rely cxdufively on
I that meafurc, and at all events not to fife a
war on account of those aggreOtons, prepara
tions for war will become afclefs, and the
extraordinary expenses reed not he incurred.
In that case, the expenditure for the ye: r
1809 ought not to exceed the sum of
13,000,000 of dollars, whieh,i as has heert
dated, in rr.quifite far rhe fupp.'rt of the
present efiablidiment. And this would
leav*, for the fcrvlce of the year 18010,
the above mentioned surplus of - 3.000,000,
and tlie propofrd loan 0*'5,000.000, which,
together, would be (efficient to defray the
peace ettahlHhmcnf, and l.) pay the interdl
of the public debt du mg thit year. Thus
1 two years m re vv mid be provided tor,
without either increTing the public debt,
or laying any new raxes. It,is certainly
1 only with a view to war, either immediate
contemplated, that it becomes nectlfary to
refart, at lead to any conliddablc extent,
to extraordinary foarccs of lupply.
, Legitimate refourccs can be derived only
from loans or taxes : and the rcafuns which
induce a belief, that loans (houlid be pri tci
i pally relied on, in case of war, were, Hated
in the annual report of lafl year. That
opinion has been corroborated by every sub
/ fcquent view which has been taken of the
fubjeft, as well as by die prefect fitiution
of the country. The embargo lias brought
into, and kept in the U. States, almost all
the floating property of the nation. And
whiltl the depreciated, value, of domefiic
products increases the difficulty of raising a
confiderab's revenue by internal taxes, at
no former time has there been so much specie,
so much redundant unemployed capital in
the country. The 1 igh price of public
docks, and indeed of all fp-ejes of (locks,
the reduftion of the public debt, the unim
paired credit of the general government, &
the large amount of existing bank (lock in
the U. States, leave no doubt of the practi
cability ot obtaining the nccellary loans on
1 rcafbnable terms.
The geographical fituarion of *he United
States, their luftory fincc the revolution,
and, ahoveall, present events, rtmoveeve
ry apprehension of frequent wart. It may
I therefore be confidently expected, that a
revenue deri ml solely from duties on impor
tations, though neccflhtily impaired by
war, will always be amply fufficknt, during
long intervals of not only to defray
current expenfs, but also to reimburfc the
debt contracted during the few periods of
war.
No Internal taxes, ckherdircft or indi
rect, are therefore contemplated, even in the
cafcofhollilitics carri.d againil the twogreat
belligerent powers. Exdufively of the au
thority which mud, from time to time, be
given to borrow ihe Tarns required (always
providiugfor-thcrcirabuifemcnt offitchloans,
within limited periods) and of a due econo,
my in the fcvcral branches of expenditures
nothing more appears neceffiry. than such
modificatioos, and increase of the duties on
importations, as are naturally foggefted by
existing drcatrftancci.
1. Although importations have already
coniiderably dirtiitiKhcd, and may, under
the system nowin force, llvrrtly be alto,
gether diicontiuued, no icaiouabl* ohjcilii n
is perceived sgdnft an increase of duties on
such as may fiill take olace. Hid the duties
been doubled on the id January, 1808, as
was then fuggetled in case of war, the rc.
ceiprs into the treaiury during that and the
ehfmn.s vear, wou’d have been increafid 9
or 10,000,000 of dollars. Thole article*
of mail universal confunipcjon, on which an
increase of duty would be inconvenient, are
generally either free of duty or abundant.
It is therefore proposed that not on!/ the
Mediterranean duties, which will expire on
the ih day of January next, ikould be eon.
tinned, but that all the exiting duties
should b? doubled on importation* subsequent
to that day.
l. The present fj (lem of draw back* also
appears susceptible of modifications. The
propriety of continuing generally that pjo
vifion of the embargo law s which allows as
drawback on articles exported more than one -
(year after they have been imported, is
doubtful. A modification might check
fpccuhtions and monopolies. The di-ninu
(tion of imputations his n {Forded fcfihient
profit* on inoil of tire articles which hid Lccq
(imported: nnd a nrnvift n .which woiiH
have a tendency to bring into market, ani
to Jeff n the price of thole articles, would b:
(generally hen*scti!.
3. The Can (Vs which induced the aJop- j
tion of a partial non imjnrt/tion alt, have 1
ceafee to ex iff. ‘The objedt then in view
has merged into a far more important one.
The feleftion of interdicted articles was
founded on the poflihiluv of obtaining them
in other countries than England, Sc does not
agree vvith exiting cireuininnccs. The adt 1
producing now no other effect than to in.
crease the 'ns, & to produce habits
of fimiggling, impairs Si injures the reve
( nue. A general non.inrercourfe with that
j country wouldfopcrcedc rhat partial mca- \
I ftn'‘, &■ m : ghr be executed w ith greater fa- !
t ciiity. And it is, believed that, under
every event, its repeal will be beneficial, Sc
that a permanent increase of duties on arti
cles fdedted with a view to thofc which may
be mauufaftured in the U. States, would be
preferable.
4. It is believed that the present ft P.em
of accountability of ihe mi’bary and naval
cftablifhments may be rendered more prompt
Sc dirctSf, 8c is fusceprible of improvements
whcli, without rmbarntffing the public
Service, will have a tendency more iffcflu
a 11V to check any abubs by fid ordinate a
genrs. P"Owt(i an* to that rff (51 are render
ed more nceffary bv the probable incrcatc
of cxpenfe in th.-fcdepartmen's.
All which is ref pef* full" fiibmt'ttrd.
ALBERT GALLATIN,
Secretary of the Trtafury.
Treafurv Department, 7
Dee. 10. 180 S. \
1 wtin* ■■■■» Hi* |N| . n
Foreign Intelligence . j
Front Liverpool Papers to the I ith, and ■
London Peepers to the 10/h Nov, {ioth
inclujive) received pet the fo<p Ann,
Captain Ken /.non, in 49 days Jrom Li.
ve'piol, j
PARIS, Ofloberaj.
Yesterday his Majcfty the Emperor and
Kin? went in great (late to the Palace of rhe
L>glflativc fb'dy, in order to open the fit
ting. His M.'jefty addrcffcJ the AlTembiy
as follows ;
Mefiietirs, the Deputies of the Dcpaif
ments to the Lcgiflmvc Body,
The code of laws, lajingd -Wn the prin
ciples of property, and of civil freedom,
which farms the fin.ject of your labors, w ill
be adopted as the sentiment of Europe. My
people already expcricn.c the molt Llutary
effefts from them.
The lateff laws have laid the foundation
ofourfyflem of finance. Thar is a monu
ment of the might and greatness of France.
V/c (hall henceforward be able to meet the
rvwbivlt might be rtcdcied ncctf.
lary, even by a general coalition of Europe,
from our yearly income alone. Never (hall
we be reduced to have .vcoutfc to the fatal
expedients of paper money, of loans, or of
anticipations of revenue.
I have, m itie present year, laid our more
than a thou hi id miles of road. 'The fylieni
of works which 1 have established for the \
improvement of our territory, vriH be car. \
( tied forward with zeal.
I Mhe profpefl of the great French family,
lately torn to pieces by opinions and in.
telline rancour, but now p-ofpciom, nan.
quil, and united, has affe&ed u»y foul in
a rnntokahlc manner.— I have fvlr thsr in
order to be happy, 1 (houhl, in ihe fiift
place, be assured that France was happy.
The peace of Freiburg, that of Tilfit,
the assault of Copen ha gen, (he plans of Erg.
land against all nations on the different re.
volutions at Conit antinopie, the affairs of
Spain and Portugal, h-ve, in various ways,
excrcifcd an irfluence on the affairs of ihe
world.
Rufiia and Denmaik have united with me
against England,
The U. States of America have raiher
j cb.dm to abandon cornu cue and the ft a,
j than 10 acknowledge their fl ivcr>.
! A pail of my army has marched against
that which England has formed in Spain, or
has difembaiktd. It is a dirtingtifivd fa
vor of that Providence, which has con ft ant.
ly proteffcu cur arms, that paflion has so
fur blinded the Engiilh Councils, that they \
; abandon the defines of s lie Teas, rod »t last !
produce their army on the Continent.
I depart in a few days to put mvfelf in
petfon at the head of my army, and, with (
God’s help, to crown the King of Spain in
Mad lid, and to plant my Eagles on the
forts of Spain.’.
) I have only to praise ihe fertiments of
i the Princes of the Con :cd era lion of the
I Rhine.
Switzerland experiences nyre and more
the benefits of the Act of Mcdiatioa,
The people of Italy give m;; grounds for
nothing but exprtffnnsof (Vistatiion.
Ti c E nperor 01 Ru'.li 1 rn l mj felf, have
had an intetview at Kr'urr. Onr firft
thought was a thought of peace. We have
even tclfolved to make feme facrifices, in
cidvr ts enable the hundred millions of men
whom we lepicfcni, if joffible, the sooner
to enjoy the benefits of the commerce of th;
fens. We are agreed, anrl unchangeably
united, as well for prac as so: war.
Mejjlc'nrs Uepptus ,
I have ordered my fvliniftrrs of Finance,
• and of the General Treafurv, to lay before
. you an account of the receipt and expendi.
ture of the year. You will therein fee,
with fatidafiton, that I have not felt it nc-
C‘ ffiry to increase the ratif with any iiupoft.
j M f people (hull expeneope no new burden.
* Tae fp'skirt oH axy C-ocii cf S.a e, will
1
submit to yrtu ms nr plan* of laws, ard *,
mom* others, all tbofe which have relation
to the crimihal code.
1 realy conflantlv on your co-operation.
Hi? M’ajHSj’s fiieeth excited the raoH
lively emotion, and the Sitting was clofe<j
under repeated acclamations of Long live d )c
Emperor ! The Came rejoicings were man.
iCeded in the streets through whi:h HU M a>
jefty pulled.
LONDON, Nov,, i;
Ttys morning vve received, by exprefi
Madrid Gazettes to the zzd ot Oiloher
from which vve have extracted a Proclaim,
tton cl Pdifox to the inhabitants of S tragnf.
r.t #nd" its vicinity, granting them, in con.
fide rat ion of the loyalty and courage evinced
by that city, exemption from any difgract.
ful punilhrnent, except for the crimes ts
biafpheiny and treason. I
Wc are forty to fin 1 thar the iflardof]
Capri, in the bay of Naples, has berate,
taken by an expedition from Naples, which
fuecetded in surprising the Btitiih garrifen,
The officer who com., anded took re (Wo
w’ith a frtta’l body of troops is the principal
fort, but was, soon expend »o furrendcr,
I pwards of pco Engliih troops are said is
have ben? made pu¬s. The number jj
no doubt exaggerated.
Return cf Mr, Sh»itu. - Allig of trues
arrived in the Downs ..n IhutlcLy evenin',
with Mr. Shaw, on his return from Paris
with the reply of Napoleon, and Court
Romanzcff, on the part of his matter, th:
Err-pcior Alexander, to the aofwer ot our
government to the. from Effort,
The character of the reply has not trans.
pi red, ~Mr. Shaw was politely received at
I Boulogne on Saturday last. He was for.
I warded on Ids way to P'.ris by the #)m.
mom!ant of that place, attended by a French
aid dc camp, in order tty.: he might |>«
mated wirii peculiar refpett, and to procure
for him the convenient facilities on the road,
| % this official sfliftance bis progress was *
: much accelerated, and he was enabled to
arrive at the houlc of M. Champngry >
French miniller for foreign aff.d-s, the
fallowing morning. There Mr. Shaw fx .
ptrienced a repetition of the like civilities,
and he was freely allowed to indulge him.
fclf in the amufemenrs and exhibitions of
Paris, until tire period of hi* return, which
was on Tuefday evening, when he received
the diTpaicbcs lor this government from the
French iTvinider.
f lic fame officer who accompanied Mr.
Shaw to the capital, again needed him on
* bis return to Boulogne ; but did not, as has
been erroneously dated, Jpiccted with him
act of* the Channel. ’
An univerial wish for pence is exprefled 5a
France, but the people Teem {fill as g’v,
Irivolons, and thoughtleft, a# .ever. Di.
v« fl wa ( every kind, Anted to the man.
ners ot the country, were purified with the
fame activity, and nothing appeared to in
dicate the fcrimis crisis of public affairs.
On Monday I?*#', M. Cmpagny gsv* a
grand banquet to ti e foreign miniflers xt
V J aris, «t,d to a nuftwrous patty cf nobility &
fiicndt.
His RoyalHigonrfs tht Doke of Clarenn,
is to hoi if hi* flag as commander in chief cf
the Brinlh fliet in the Mediterranean, a;;J
the Weftarn C«aft of Europe, to Cape
Finiflnre. Admiral Keats will accomo-my
His Royal, Highncftt as his captain of ihi
fleer.
The Swediflt fleet has returned to Cadf*.
cronaina very fitkly ftyte. So greats
mortality ha* prevailed onboard it, dining
the bit fix weeks, that if even the J' auin
were favorable, it could nut possibly have
kept the sea much longer.
A new levy of troops h?s been ordered
throughout the Ruffian empire—it was w
commence the ift of November, and to be
completed by the 3id December.
We bear that 7 000 Rriifh troops hav e
been ordered frvra M Ita and Sicily, lj
Spain.
Yv-iferdav, we received a letter from nur
fquadren off Fluffing, dated on T.cf.by
la If—lt dates, that ibe cfitai >'*3 f icc in
th-t port composed nincfail cf the line and
five frigates, and fonir more (hty* were
expelled down the Scheldt. We hear there.
I arc eight fail of the lire at the Tcxcl, is
I apparent readme's for sea.
The Bti'ifb forces n.;\v in Spain are all to
| rendezvous at Valladolid. When aflembkd,
they will amount 10 a: leaf! 4.0,000 men,
( There are bcfidcs tr» be 10,000 men Ration
ed in Portugal, under the command of Sit
John Cmdock, who fuccccds General Bur
rard. Gen, Burrard is recalled, and Sir j.
Cradock takes bis departure ibis v.*,k, ler
Portugal, to aiT'OJie ihr command of the
Btitifh troops in that country.
We vefte.rday amv unced the receipt of
diipatches from Spain, ronurumc at iog ?n
account ol an sfiionl between the Spaniards,
under Gen. Bike, and the F'cncli army on*
1 derGen. Ney. itapnerr, tha> Cen. Blake
1 having advance., from B lboa, aticeked the
enemy on ihe 26 b. ;t Z rrefa, 01 ne read
to Durango, | 0 wlijah the French, und.f
Gen. Merlin, had withdraw n. ;R*<r the/
had evacuated Dilboa. After a fh’orl hat
very (harp ; ftic.n ihc Freni h bcg?n 10 re
treat* but continued to difoutc every inch
ol ground, dtfring the whole of tbclv retro
grade movement. Gth. 2\ ke riivui c-d as
Lr as Jia.-ri'-fa, ftr.m v. he :tfi i.-c meant
(hortly to make a fr (h th. ene
my, who, it was ih •u c bt l , w juld tik »
general battle in defence-of D g.», as tie
poflefli m 01 it by the Spa»‘..yr»t;., v.< u’d
place them cuopleidy in itfir of th®
French at Vtttori.*. T i!i . - , «»..«
Spa-i-azds .»:• Lid to lidve .j.i ;uy > ,1....