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or sta i.aro the- nutuln-r*..
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<•>'• . , i,i-.«»tr*t ! » ri-'k of nil ro.tnii
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■> in his edif?. watch Jtau<»A .*« •• | ;
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ii-fpSp-rnS'csiTEastates ,
paper-
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TV, rncatmf, A • . Ryit-OES, by Adiqnustriu- j
M : *< Uiree.inih®. :^e rr.o o n, at *
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..... —So .fi’ t f* *••. j;. *. ly * ti { .u:p. •
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'“f.'./j >1 ■•£ MONTH*. 1
' ' l^--^twg<w^ >w, * :s ggs
--r - 4 i „"» «t av
Igit.S'.aA o ;
■ •• just, juml ft* B * f
n *'*>** COSK3 I
CL&ESTOKBT. v
IH.*; COrFKK, oftlie County of Cheroltee. I
iOM VS W. HAIIIIISS, Walton. 1
101IAS W. MURRAV, Llnc-o!n. |<
Wil l. NF.W.NAN, n, ‘ nr - v - I 1
•OIUJi; w. OWKN?, Chatham. j
JI.LUSI SClll.F.y, Jiid.moul
ftl'ilFL M- STF-WART, «!>»»;_
rul'd C. TF.UKF.LL, Franklin. j :
lUfd C. U ATdON. Muscogee, j'
T 3 r VJP ■* SG2HSST,
rNW BfIANII.VM, of comity of I‘ntnarn.
LaiSTINS. CLAYTON, Clatk. j
IIOMAS F- I'O-iTLIi, Croette. {
1)111,1! L. GAMLI.L, Jefferson. ■ ,
F.OUGE K. < 11 LMKR, OgJoihorpn |.
ll.UU.ld L- JIAVNIid, Hancock, j
lAttoKN .fUNS-d, Mincogoe. .
idl'd M. VvYANE, Chatham. ; ,
ini.MlU 11. U ILlif., Uichmmui, !.
vJO (IkirCUfi CAn»2TSAT3SS.
MIN MILTON, of the County oi jlu«cogeo.,
liIAUr.AL' 13. LAMAR,
TO 1 tTjt U&t’i?) lli'jll***
The. Can let f.v the u,;r ■ r part of the city,
a:-?'siek, thuve of ott' finiiro- il.ers who <lo not.
r l-.e their will pleat--, cuii at tlm oflice ■
: them.
THi-1 CHOI.KUA.
In No tv Viult. on the liii inetant, 87 now oases,
Deaths—nnthu 4th, Hi new cases, !!U doa’lis—
-1 •*'« Otb, 90 new cases, SlHleaths —on tlie C.li,
4 new cases, 37 deaths—mid ou the 7th, 1.-9
tv cases, 311 deaths.
»a Philadelphia, on the 3d instant, 35 now
''"h LI iteaths—on the 4th, 45 now cases, 13
tains—on die sth, C 5 new cases, 20 deaths—on
ivG.ii, 17G now cases 71 deaths—and on the :
ih, LJG new cases, 73 death,
la Ihiliimore, on th )S Gih instant. 3 cases o ;
•h dera Were repotted by tbo Hoard of Health, i
In New Castle, Del. on the sth, 2 eases had
wn reported, both of which bad died.
■" Auifuik, on the 3d. 15 new cases, anil 7
tm.is—and on the si|j, 34 new cases, and 1-1!
■ U i ha - Il! Portsmouth, 15 cases, 1 death -In
| ul! .Ih, 5 cases and 1 death.
*' 41 tnecton, N. J, ij le 4tli, 4 cases were
J ’ -d, anil 3 doaths.,
\C r ‘*'' s ‘'«JIPLATEI> MUBTINO.
“ C f m * 8 Public .Meeting f or Richmond
w ‘ }j is cahoil lor Suturday next, or more;'
Li the city °f Augusta, where three 1
icaofii. ar °i I | iml men ’ anti a lar S e l lor '^
■ whole are Northern men. It has so 1
tS? t J* t,be « 00 '| P*ople of this very n-s-d
like city, have never toi
f.L 2 fully coil *c‘J9d with the balance , :
111 all - v °'*« «®neral, or important ’
L.' I l | lt, ' l:Uro) froyi ll( 8 clays of John Adams 1
" ' ■« Htse.it time. It would be exliaor
- » eeJ, if they were to agree with them 1
present great qtto#Uon< T ,,. u(
iua.il u‘‘ J ‘V is unconstitu
irm a ‘J e ’ a . nd W««rc, and xdll nut..
**Z^°“ Sktmto U b *™'’ V.c
ten rot l ° 1)0 '»« Saturday, lias
unofp,/. 1 ' 1 to the above lesolu-,
r4ia,.l c -,' or,!e,n l ho U P counti y- If 'f*oy i'
ISC,' Vc *l««k, their forth comini! ■
% lhc conve.Ho. m:
f-*rcss:-., ,' r i C 0 >,^ lu ttnnal l equal, and not
W;»c.” /- *"! ‘ IVi shall be, and must b<
veoriMim- •A, i, , , i
Ip'ui (!_ ,( .i ’ 1 upon tins, and tin n
I: j r r-r,,t„ ' -«'Jru to predict, that though
■' ■ salves nir.v i- • , :
'I the Mo c , ' *“ conta, n the precise wo, us ■
sst sentinn i,i .. . ,i ‘ . -:
mg, and tenor of liicirince-1
l " 1 ! 8 v :ii ,18 'P the effect to
J W5...-W1 ;
* *•*'' i,:
5 I iop
retract nf - » ~
u » i-i... rt; the. Editor, dat’ d
a i’i eni>,) V,i ’' J ‘ 0,1 extraordinary nature,
*‘ h# " B 'S h bt. 1 h U murai lui i j„ tlir . !U
■■' iturno ' ,n >«st. t«„
tojeihar".' a,,d M.»sh, had
Air meal, « . ~ou* e ®fthe latter—afic:
which fllat John ,o °!t a loadeil
'’•■ id Har£eJ ,V' h#d bron e'‘t with him,
'•'••K-r. <jn 10 contents into the body of his
"■‘-"’ll at the or. 0 ” 0 “ *° l,e •'I , *‘ r, » sl !
’ ‘ °‘-t^objert P J. r 1 l 0 ? r , U,e . abJ ®l n ® n ' ai !‘ l
• i 5J .0 b ,:n vlO ch .'liog, in
tlio vicinity of the wound. He s;)0 ko rs few)
vvoids only', and died iu about an iiuur after- 1
wards.
The tosult of the In juest, wftit-h sityestor-*
day, is a yei diet ot V, i;tul .Murder, by bis brother !
John 11. Bush.—Bush has disapneHied. I iiive ■
heard no cause assigned for this dreadful act of,
fratricide.” j
cjai.;, fiitij-.i-H Sij-jKn.vfj,
The Lj.lotviiig i •r c sting I-elters, •mongo-'
thers, were n-.v.ivod by the Committee of kn •
vitalion, in i ply f„ invitations forwarded to 1
their fospoclivo hmiSioo,
[From <», U I. am re., Esq. of Augusta.}
Sano Hills, 2d August, is 32,
Gentlemen- -Your polite invitation, to attend n
a Meeting of the fiends of *• Htate Ri.,hts,” in
Lexington, on tin; 3j just, was duly received,
and I had, till to-day, premised myself the sati«-
faetioii of being present; Iml 1 find lam 100 un
well, to take lira fatigue of the road.
I certainly would nut trouble you with mv !
opinions on the subject, but I deem Ike occa
sion such afi one, as to demand the candid uv. re
al of his sentiments, from every citizen of the
rotate.
Considering the present , .siiion of all parties,
it appears to tnc, that the sul Jl'cl for dehbe, a
tion, is not u lo t remedy the Htato ought to adopt,
to relievo uselt Ji-hm the oppressions of the Ta- |
tiff Laws : hut ta dotc. inina what course she !
ought to pursue, under canting and contingent i
_ I
circumstances, with regard to tiuulh Carolina
and the Federal Government.
While Georgia has hern engaged in contro |
versiea with the General Government, in regard ;
to her Indian atLc i, iSnutii Carolina lias taken ■
the lead in opposition to the Tariff; and, after:
vainly con, ting her sister Stales to combine with
her on some general tneasu.o of redress, she ;
has found it absolutely neceasaiy, cither to sue j
cumb to llie opposition, or to ado,3 and enforce 1
a measure for herself. Biic has done the latter:
and three-fourths oi her citizens stand commu
ted, by assurances, which none of us can doubt,
and which few, if any of them, w il! b.t willing to ’
retract, to interpose, by Nulhju:. don. 'I tie j
crisis is fust uppioaching, and wo cannot too
soon prepare for it, j
iSiiall wo mock Carolina, and make ourselves
a laughing stock, by caking h,- lion) Nullifica
lion, to a Convention ol a li;w private individu
als from I lie Souihern idtatea, (lor tiiny cannot’
Constitutionally meet in any c .her far-achy) to
consider the propriety ot Disunion} 1 And mo
wo prepared to adopt Dim ion in prtTeitnce to
.Nullification—even ou die recommendation of a ,
douiliem Convention, legally constituted, ii it
c-ruld be so 1 I ihiiik not.
Nullification is Lilly a peaceful remedy : and
its most violent op| oiiei.u have been unable to
find )in A/ or uulb.oniy. in Hie General Govern
tneut, to resort to nosiiltf uicubiircs to i em- -eit.
But ihoy s ly, lii.it die same reckless in.joiity
that creates the op; tension, will not be seal u
luus of measures to enforce, it. We know it is
easy foi lln-m to seiul Kip reM-n'atives to V\'as!i
ingtuii City, to Tcgiilate the unctions; but, we
believe it will be mud) more dilßcuit, lb; (len
to st no aoldie s enough to the South, to crush
Vatolina —and, 1 believe if G-o gia oes lu-r
duty on tlie occasion, (and God io bid that si.;-
siioul i rim) tii.it tire title, bopeh-s>ness of success
will effectually remove every idea of coercion,
and thereby lull’y enstue the pcuccfuinesa of
Ca olin s emedy.
1 beg leave to close, by offoiing tiie following
aemnnwnt:
Our Republic —(Without any immediate inte
rest or concern.) forbade the Holy Alliance of
Europe, to make conquests on the Amen .-un
continent. will Georgia do less for a sister.
State, exercising a common rigid, to resist a com- >
mon oppression ?
lipspectfully, iVc.
Your obedient servant,
G. B. LAMAR. '
[F.om Judge Warres.}
Maui in, :.7ili July. 1832.
Gentlemen; —Y*oili iuvit-ation, loattein- ■ meet ,
ing oftlie Citizens of •Ggmih ape, and , a, take
of u public liiiniei at Lc'.vmgton, on die 3 tl Au
gust, was received by itus mo n.i-g s mad, by
which, it appears tua- me objeel oi Ids nn eling
of your fellow ctt.zeim, is to take n. > eunside
rid uni ''v.ii.al mode ant; .ai asu.e of icolms tl.ey
Will di lermi.ifc upon, in Older io e.o thorn
selves and ilici cin du n iroin ’.he u 'just and
buaheii.sumc n, eiut.ons ol me I'., ff.‘
My oiii-. ial otiucs le pn e my ai,sente tiom '
home, so great a portion-O: my tune, as lo J 1 u'e
it nut of my j ,<wor to tilleij.j you. tni-ung;
w Inch I regret the nui-e, oecausi 1 di »i.c to -
see. and know, what of p uri/nan. and deter
mination to in free, remain* amongst us.
The' ciisis has. uiaived—ami those who are
unwilling to be slaves, nimuld nut be dclci.ed
from The e.vpic:,-; ion ot their unwillingness, by
empty Homes. I nnnot be with you, ani the e
10.0 cannot “ani and uniniate ' you hi y,.u
counsels in the rhmce of means of retire and
have, the ufo.c to acknowladge y-„u in iiuv.mcc
ol me in fixing on the mode of red, nss. but in
the execution; I desire that I nicy be consi.n-ied
■a- set king a situa'io/i ’in linj f ont rank; :u..i
tier I v. ill lie, if the foil .h of Ma: eii n.-xt i> the
I’ui thercs day given n, Congress lo .uiieve us*
f c."i the entire protective sysinn, and at which
tin; , without relief,ou; resistance to commence, i
I -lioul.l be mollified lo see the South submit to !
anv i.iing si it ol a total aboiuloimi-.; t of ti e '
-
i it.'.eciivi system and 1 ho e lesistance v.iilJ
■ no', be ostj.oned one day hanger than I have j
no .real; and I should be dr.ioui: for immu- I
diu'-- e-idanen, but for oiir “!annt-fil apniliy j
Ii elof, ion tins sulueet. Jnj; e, and have j
■ nil-' n 0.-but the best mode of resistance, j
furl tool upon resistance and icdress, ns sy-j
nonyaio",.-: ..in j , in tins tnuU.-r) will be ado P r- |
ed with aun '.y of fee'-ng win-. 3 will insure sue
ocss.
I have,"never seen anything in print, with
• which lam L. ! --i pna-e-i, than the letter o:
| your couniy-njcn, Air. Jchn Moose, to a
- crating par',)’ on the 4th of ti.'is n '.k ;- .y
(isl! SATURDAY, AUGUST 18,1^12,
j}, ur meeting lie composed of men entertaining
•.s feelings and views. If all the Southern pao
; had been such men as Mr. Moore, instead
■ being slavish contributors to the fortunes of
- .1-copies rs, wc should have been free mom
j - joying the nlcssings of firemen—not having
j *be more m ue, without Uic benefits always ac
company!; iruoilom oi*choice in the selection
j of honest pi ■ ibs, an.t this, without paying more
, than lyihe • the freedom.
1 hat tie? ir veu of patriotism which has inani
. tested i:-vu -n Oglctliog n, will continue its
course wliolo South is {evened, and her
peo reueved, I will not permit myself lo
dout-t, an, in your laudable efforts to effect
this, you will find many hearts co-workers in
th;a suction of Georgia; among w hum shah be ei
Yuur most ob’t. sorv’t.
I.OFT WARREN.
[From May Jons’ IL IfewMtvo ]
Dcnkeushux, July 29i11, 1832,
Gentlemen . —l acknowledge tbo honor of
you invita ion u>a public dinner to be given at
L xinglon, when the citizens of your county will
take into consideration the mode and measure of
redress, wiucli they may deem necessary, to
relievt ihetn and their children from the unjust
md b.L thr-nsotnc operations of tbo Tariff, ami
; m \v>-i.;ii you have requested mo to aid and ani
j it;:, c by ■:-y counsel and example in the choice
j and r sect. :i,m of tho means agreed on. Asm
j the liitl c.-iuurj, the blood wliicii was shed Upon
j the heights of Lexington, was the. first to consc
j crate, the cause of American libeitv, so may the
i second fiame, now kindling, at Lexington, in
j Georgia, consecrate that cause and those mea-
J sums which the cnligliicnod patriotism and sound
j'ldgmeiu ofifes citizens may advise for its con
i tinuaiicu. The system of protecting certain dcs
j criptious of industry, at the expenao of oilier
j interests, contrary to the repeated itfcmonalran
ces and |ivot(;D'.a of a number of the Stales, heal
ing with peculiar hardship upon the South, hav
i ,g become the settled policy of the Government,
; presents the alternative of submi:.don to an un
i limited government, or resistance uuconstiiu
' lional, partial, and oppressive legislation. So
, far an my counsel may be of any weight upon
| your deliberations, I have no hesitation in ro-
I commending tlic adoption of the latter branch of
die aliornative, as the mode of redress; and,
after four years of ineffectual remonstrance, as
the only mode now left us. In regard to the
measure of redress, it should bn co-extensive
with tlie evil complained of, and should never
atop short c 4 ' a complete restoration of our vio
lated constitution to its legitimate authority.
, The 1-ast Congress Ims made up the issue, which
the States, if they retain their liberty, must try
whether tlie Jim it at ion of its power sitall lie dis
regarded, and the American confederacy con
vened into a consolidated government, nr tlie
sovereignty and independence of tin? State gov
, e mnonts maintained. The cause of your as
sembling, clearly proves that we cannot preserve
our rights, and our freedom, under a consolidat
ed government; and in order to remain free,
, tve must require of, and compel the Federal
Gove nment henceforth to confma its action
within the limits prescribed to it by tlio States
wiiicii foimed it. To accomplish an object so
desirable with ns, in common wit,'. :he advo-,
cares of tlio constitution throughout the Union,
unanimity among -»ur citizens is absolutely ne
cessary ; for no one party in a State, however
p'L.iotio, ran protect and defend tbo liberties of
the country, when assailed by violations so insi
dious, a* not to lie apparent to any-eye, while
parly may be hanging on litem, and par
ti } zing their exertions, with denunciations of
l ca.-ion, disunion, Ac. &sc. In such a c.itis,
when Geo.gia is in and for the p omotiorrofi
j the common weal,,of the undivided patriotism
of all her sons, it is huf a trilling eacnfice jttar
j any lover ot’libel ty to make a five will offniing
j of ins par y feelings, upon the altar of 1 is conn
irj’sgooti. Let the pa.-ttes be formed Upon a
different basis nd the only line of dnt-'tifi.r.ion
b‘ fnaikc d by SMITH rsioti or resistance, than
' will we, hand n. band, b east tlio eoujiiL-o dan
, ger. F.bin the con l iction, I hut can safety lieu
in tlio promt.ti'udc witn ivlm-Ji we icpel iunova j
nuns u: on our tights, may I lie indulged in the j
suggestion, 'lu tiie 4th of March nevt, is tlio t
remotest ; e.iod t-> wlm-li tiie protecting system;
should be .il.ow rn to icmaiti a canker open tilts (
in,nut. the in'.'rest, and toe liberty of tlio Fmitli-.
orn pen: la. A■w t- are drvoled lo tile Union sc ,
long, s we i nj'-y i-aid jeotei'liou, under the
• adin.m-lratioii ot In; govu;t.tin.nt, tiiat time is;
mentioned to give the '.‘.hole ol '■ 1 1 <• next session |
of C ong: ess, v.niiin wnieii to tepeai the ronox- i
ion.-; la . . In tin in. an tni.e, it is to ha hoped
; you. palmitic i X'i n; lo wiil tic followed, and !
tout them wi.l be, meetings in all t ; .a counties I
.in the .State, : ur.-nnig mo nul icgislatu.o to'
eiiic iii'iironii j-rovi.-i'inal n.H«i>»ur(is ,
«• x♦. ud m, iilif ili.il time, either by taking lie*;
* wliob n •>i*-jbility ujiou Urn Slitle, so Jar a*
h - ju is notion extends, ot to advise that ho-.y j
to cu-i-, n.i.o with South Carolina if »h'i slmuld (
cornn om.t r.er res.ranee bfilo « the time sag- t
g -Ini; or if in the wisdom of tin; ; '-opba 3,
B..OUPJ he thought advisable to invite ;. 1 '• nvati- ;
tiuii of the .South'! a Slates, to throw t if forever;
t j miserable badge of ou; servitude. In thesi
suggestions we ‘■itall in t.ll pj;td.abl.i*.y be
[•with the citarg * treason, or a design to etwet
a uissolulum of the Union. I answer, is it tret.
! son to re u i->t unconstitutional und ojrms.'.i <
’ laws ? Dues it lend to di-nniori, to re i-t v iola
-1 lions ol the constiintiDii 1 JUi='.ii ii . a m*'-
j cessuty consequence of revist .m ", U " e do
; not tesi-t, we may as vveii bo cont« nt "I " i'-'«
I with slavery; for, f.om the length ot lime 'a t
I we have rtmonstiatcd in vain, it is uv.-.- nt- -
|it le-piires the fact of actual reshtanc ol rim •:
j more States, to bdtig the minds of t l '*-. ; co.
j fully to bear upon this all-important sat act, and
: I an, one of those who still indulge tin; la-me ;-t- •
tiw belief'..bat the moral onor^ierfof the t; <■ ■
fuj citizens of the north v.ll clletit the w;i. ca- 1
■ evrof tbo Amo; in m .System odvoe-tte?,
cv ur the resistance of one or more Status is tr n.e
est; fi. r, IriiJ ■. endant of o-t er t insidera
' tio'T r;e r-’vD'.thy than Felfentcre '
i '
, Ls a proposition of easy demonstration, that the
■ North, even under equal and impartial legisla
tion, is mare bcnefilted by the Union, than tlio
* .Vmth. B n itj contrary to all reasonable expec
’ tar ion, our northern brethren, forgetful of tho
•> ties ol consanguinity, and regardless o) tlio priu
; ciples of comiium justice, after legislating us into
1 1 slavery, should attempt to compel obedience by
-1 the bloody force of the bayonet, arc we, on that
I account, to surrender our litiiu tics, and suhn'it
|to lie slaves! Must wc not resist, for fear of
** j Center calamities? What g reater can licfal ns?
r j 11 ■ > ll o I And whenever tlie .VortA makes war
3 I upon us, to enforce sutmiisstou lo nncunstitutinn
-1 I ul and unnatural exactions, where is tlie Gcor
-1 gi in vvlm vvvuld not proclaim, in tiie spirit of
Macbeth, "lay on McUulf, and damn’d bo him
that first cries ?, old! Cnoughl”
Ideaso present to the company n sentiment:
‘(Resistanceto the Protecting Pyslcm —the stive-,
reign remedy against the encroachments of a
limited government. May it nul !.< impede,d,
f or rendered ineiVeutual, by our party divisions,
' lam with great regaid, gentlemen, your ofto
d dieutKei'vant,
if J. 11. HOWARD.
0 . "s
t [From GonT Ci.evi:i axi>. j
ILuu rmum Uo. Ist August, 1832.
Gentlemen: Yours of the 81st ultimo, on the
li sul'jeel of die Tariff, has boon duly roctivcd, and i
j its contents observed. This is a subject of vital I
1 nnportanco to our country, and one, on which 11
have delilioratcd much. lam ol' opinion, that
f it is contrary lo the true spirit of the Constitution,
,; and not congenial with the piincij.les of our j
republican form of government, as it has for its
j object, t.lir; indirect tendency to tax one part of
tlio country, for the protection of the other.—
Gentlemen, my course, on lids subject, is to una
r ul! honorable and laudable measures, and if that
will not bo consented to by the opposition, be |
assured that I am amongst the first that will bo
willing to K i d my feeble aid, in support of our
soutliei n interests. lam sorry that my private
business compels me to be in Mdledgevillo, on
Friday, tlie 3d inst. tlie day sot apart for a Pub
, lie, Dinner in Lexington, and for adopting rneas
, tires rtdativ’H lo tlio course to be put sued—and
. you will please, gentlemen, to accept this as an
f apology for my non attnndanco.
I remain, Gentlemen,
? . Respectfully, yours, Ac.
, liL.NJ. CLEVELAND.
)
r [F out Simmons Cnawroan, Esq.}
Afri iNti, Columbia Co. Aug. 2.1, 1832.
Gentlemen; Yours of the 21st July, contain
. ; it g an invit..ti.iU to a public dinner, to bo given
, in Lexington, on to-morrow, 3d inst. and fortiiu
, jt iir,.os.t of taking into ronsidoratir n, and delet
. ; mn. ng upon some mode tin I in- asuro of redress,
, |to relieve die people of tins State, from the tin'
. jti:‘ and burtliepsome operation of the Ta; iff, '
. . ii;» b-. i'ii rocoivod, end I regret tlnrt previous
, ■ eng.igeineul:) prevent my attending.
| Ko'lar as the voice o! tlm poojde of ibis county -
!is known, ala ge majority, acquainted with the ,
• ; subject, arc decidedly in favor of an immediate ]
j j resistance to tho Tariff. Koine are of opinion ,
j j that the South Carolina clocliino of Nulhfieotion, ,
} | would be the most speedy mode of relief, while I,
oihers believe that doctrine futile and untena !,
| Lie, and (itefcr the call of a Convention of the ,
'! States; wliilo others are for secession : but, net- ,
. j tiler are, disposed lo quarrel ns to the means, to j
pi tho object is effected. t
| Hoping that your councils may he fruitful of ,
J bem.liiH, to the oppressed tioutli, in relieving it
j ofu moat direful and iniquitous law, imposed s
ujioii it ugaii.st its will, which can only be pul ,
down by tlie southern p-eop-le, acting’ in their ,
... M>v.--i.ign capacity. I will dfer you ibis sen- *
I linn nt ; • ,
I The Tariff Formed in 1825—tho rivet pin
driven in 1-830, and clenched in JB32—-not to ho
severed till the people of thn Kouthdoil: — .
" ripetdr, tombs of the Uevolutiun I” say, wintli
e,i did tlie spi: its of the sepulehttrod fly J (
Ve.y res, cettully,
LI.MMO.No CRAM FORD.
[From Sessohn Dnt.s, Esq.)
Maiiion, July 29th, 18iF2.
Gentlemen;— Scarcely an hour li.is passed i
t away, since I fondly hoped that 1 would associ '•
( ato with you Oil the 3 rd j/roiimo "to considet
( the . ifijiing-i ol'uiir people, and determine there
: on, and recommend the mode and measure of •
,- dr< ss.” Tiiat ooiening hope, so son. ily chcr- t
i inhod, is g"iie ; I find it necessary that I siiould I
; reiiiaiti I bu.ne, now, and f-ir a week to come, t
I r*‘ id witii nnit.'li plcnsurn llie ptor-fjedings id t
I vi-nr p I 'i.-nitiary meeting, on the 21st inst. I
it und in them everything to approbate, .and ••
it. titling to condemn. I most heartily concur in
: .-i ii,; -11 wiiii those of you, who, at the meeting
'~l tided to, denounced the existing Tariff a.- '
"unequal, unconstitutional, and oppressive," '
: ind i. dared that on.' “lin tberib.beur«nce would 1
, !;i" -iinili:il.” ' !
M’iien, but a few years ago, our own immor 1
jtal Troup, in ! oignage tint d-d honot to Ins head :
I ai.'. lieai I, called on Georgia, lo a“ oi t her rights, '
i demand tlio repeal of ilia unconstitutional i 1
- 3 iinhniy law, a criminal ajiathy; nay, senii- '
.-n*i !' servile snbnris.-ion, prev filed among a j
( urtior, of ou? people on th-r sulij ict—end j '
j,.. v i.o dcorved a monument in the hearts ofi
- fie, .non. little inferior to that of Washing 11
• , i's, wc.s bramind as a lunatic, a fuctionist and i 1
,i ; ~:nr. Tii'ank heaven, tiie pen; lo of the 1
• I
■nil arc at last uron-- dto a tino . '-use of tin u |
• -;tion; they no longer attadi m ni ?; -'h im
' - .i tacun to names, 'i’iiey have not h-'oTi, they ,
'fi not bo deaf to the un answer .Mo argu ;
and powerful appeals, of a 1 it'-vrit, aj j
'.in, a Clavton, a McDcrnn, and a best d j
(■; illustrious co-woikers m the g oat ctu-c of j
fi erty. Tl j system of moral robbory has been i *
1 ...- i,red in all ns naked <Mb'inity. 'lie veil J
■ f'H ii so long hung between i’ »nd thn eye i '•» j ’
•rrj peO|.!e, lies at la I been remov’d; and tin 1
-~- vvt nd . now is, that fi. fi ~bein i ibmitte
■ i-., -o. long. They now corrcmphtu the mon ; 1
• - will) s ;.l and sick disgust; and, “conn
.! ..rial, c -me wm," lin ieve they a o are j •
;to att :n: • :t .’ ; : a-'fii ' fit t- fi ; <
» *
‘ —fr \ \-r~- urp-
Tlie chief questions which agitate our com
munity arc tlio.se which you propose to settle,
to wit, tlm "merle and measure of redress.” It
is contended by some, that them siiould boa
Convention of all tlm plantation Slates, to once
more memorialize Congrcfes, and direct public
opinion on tlio subject of our giiovancus. For
my own part, gentlemen, I doubt both tlio pro
piiety and expediency oftlie measure. Tire
solemn protest, of file, in the avchioves of tlio
nation, against the continuance of the system,
and demanding tho repeal of tho oppressive law
—a protest adopted years ago, by a very luge
niajo. ily ol the people r f Georgia, through tiu-ir
Representatives, fresh from their bands, con
tains, I think, a snflii-icnt expression of our iu-1
itcntion to resist; independent of the repeated
j warnings of our faithful Representatives in Con- j
gross, and the calls of tlie other sentinels of our
| liberty, end if the solemn protests oftlie law
, makeni of this sovereignty, is limited wil.ii sneer
ing contempt, can a heltm fate await (ho wotk,.
of a Convention.
Tlie great Fiec T; ndc Convention of I'iiiladul-!
(lua, assembled, as every one Knows, under 1
the ipost tav’orablc uusjneus. It was coinpoai d '
of an enlightened body of patrons, from marly
ail tlio Stales of tlie Kepuidic- enlivened, tr,o,
at a time, tire most favorable. Tho aridicss and
i memorials of that enlightened body, were alike
j clta;notorized for himinotts argument and path
| otic appeals, in relation to the very subject wlnch
it is now projiosed to commit tu a like body,
What followed tho adjournment of that e.onven
| tion? The vety sur cecrling session of Congress
1 wo have been bound with new cords, and wo
| have been left without hope of a returning sense
of justice in our oppfeSSora.
I believe gentlemen, that “ tha several Stales
who formed our Fodeial Constitution, were
i sovereign and independent, mtd that a Ridlifi
! culion, by those sovorutigmies,” of the piesont
protective Tariff, "is the rightful remedy.”
These arc my opinions; and although they
i were deliberately formed, and had been long
entertained, they will not hinder my co-opcra
ttoit m any mode or measure of redress, winch
I yeui butler judgments may suggest.
I believe Nullification lo boa peaceable, as
well as the rightful remedy. Who dare attempt
lo coerce lids sovereignty into submission to an
organized system of permanent oppression?
Tlio attempt, if made, would prove as ineffectu
al as ever the chains of Xerxes to soothe tlio
troubled waters of the Hellespont. No; the
Mouth, the brace, chicilric South, can ntrer be.
coerced into a system of oppression, of any sortl j
Y our obedient servant,
KEAItORN DLLK.
I offer vou tho following sentiment:—7 'he
Hcscrir.d Rights of the States —An antidote for
1 tho poison of Federal usurpation and oppression.
[From Judge Siior.rr.ft, of t dumbos,)
Athens, I-t August, 1832.
Gentlemen t I have receive 1 your polite invi
tutiuii to a public dinner, lobe given at Lexing
ton) on 1 id iy next, and to unite with my let
low-citizens, then and there to be assembled, hi
devising tlio Halt s! and most efti-dent measure of
retires.), against the evils of the American Ta
' riff System, I very much regret, that a prior
engagement, which 1 may not violate, compels
me to decline your invitation; but I take this
occasion to assure yen, that i feel a deep and
lively interest n. the object of your meeting, and
though I shall be absent in ( •..son, 1 ahull be
present with you in feeling.
It w ould far exceed the limits of a letter, to
Say to you all tiiat 1 dunk and,/ini upon this mo
mentous ;.übj--el; but! will avail myself of lit.
occasion, to venture a few general leniieks.—
The following three propositions may he conaid
. ted us orthodox, at Last in Georgia
-Ist. Tiiat die I'rotectivu System is palpably
v; I.,live of the obj ,-el and sj nil of the fedciul
Uoilr.til lltion.
2.1. That an set of Congress, contrary to the
Lediual Constitution, L ipso facto void, and pos
ses-on no manner of binding force ot efficacy.—
And,
31. That thn I*.elective System is exorcising
a blighting influence over all branch*!** of busi
ness in the State, und is gradually "eating out
ou; substance.’*
These propositions have hern ro often anil
aln dy discussed, ami their correctness asset led
by so overwhelming a majority of our eidzens,
that it would be idle and tisel- s horn to repeat
then). Thu only questions which wc can now |
di cuss, with any kind of propriety and u'fiity,!
arc,
First. Snail we resist this system of oppres
sion and plunder, or no-.fitly submit our necks to
the giiiin" yoke of our opprcssois 7 Ani,
S.Cond. Il'.cai-'.ianc.i Im ri’M.fived upon, what I
is lin; proper mode of procedure ‘ 1 pray you to •
indulge mo in a tow re mar its, upon these two ;
questions, in the order in which they have been <
stated. Tim question of submission or rcsis
lance, is now b;:r!y before ns, for our people i
have assembled in their respective comities, at (
d.li’erenl li rne-s, for y ear * buck, end f»,.t e protest- ;
nil, and renrol; bated against the whole system ; r
and, in the most respectful tin ins, appealed to I
(y'or.'Mcss, either tor its re j.eui or modifieatien ; t
on; Li'pi.'-ia'.urc at ddie. tnt Inner, fi-.ve done the I
«ame; and tiie ; oople of the Si'Uthern States hjtve
ii,at in Corivcn'ion at i’hdadelpbia, and aflor a |
full and clear expoudori ofo ir wrongs, declared, -
in the l-i:.;:n-gc of lirodicrly love und tiff; ebon, i
that they c uld not, and wotild not submit to bo i
ioriL’or o cu'it;.' end robbed, unitor the forms
,-,c Pi-, v . But '.vfiat, let me u>k, las been tiie of
f,.c, i Tins rnel-mchuliy answer may be found I
upon the Journals of the lain ses-fion of Congress
Ti,e s'.atem of protection to the northern, and of
roll, rxj to th’! southern p00,,!c, his been t.ium, it-1
sully •!; ■■• lined, a%d vre have been distinctly ,
--.siired, that if any branch of domestic industry j
,1,-j.: b . found to want fui lher protection, that :
■) ill be p.oinptly ufibrded. Shall wc .
; ad l ,- cn.'Seives by making farther petitions or
, ,p<•; ;« </ir oppressois? Or, cun wo be so J
in. tiihlv st'L nl, as to hope for better success '
i.tuii i,;.i attended our past actions I—Clear
,- ■ B'j'l v,'n bo li-'-t Congress, |
VOIiUjTIIiJ
it Its Lto session, modified the system, so ns m..-
Serially to lighten our burthens 1 And what, let
us enquire, is this boasted modification T I,„t
us look at it Cora moment, that wo may admire
this distinpushed exercise of liberality, on the
[tart of our oppressors. By this modification,
the duties have been reduced probably six nth
lions of dollars per annum, not more than tteo
millions of which, is upon articles extensively
consumed by the southern people, whilst four
millions , at least, is upon various articles used,
almost exclusively, by the northern people, of
all grades and classes, from the nabob down to
the city dandy. So that our oppressors, for
j ‘ arA of taxation, taken off f.urn the pcopl'ft.
oi the drouth, have taken at least tuo dollars mT
bom themselves. Du our oppressors think that
| they c m trample upon our rights, and insult our
understandings with impunity I Do they ton
I sifter us so utterly devoid of common sense, ns
not to bo able to see through sc shallow an mi li
, lice—or shall wo bo beguiled and deluded, by
j the hope that still further relief will be grunted
us? Let it not be forgotten, that the party up
pressed, wronged m and outraged, tendered to
; their oppressors, a general ad valorem duty of
tur.nitj five per cent, and that it was indignantly
rejected. From that very moment there was no
longer any ground even for hope ; and fur one,
1 1 declare myself utterly opposed to further sub
mission, anil believe, that deter nililud opposition
1 is proper and necessary. lam equally well sat
isfied, that we have already submitted to a Ling,,
and that the longer the system is suffered to ro
1 main, the stronger it will become, and the fnorc
difficult it will be to uproot it. Our oppiessois
have said to us, we shall bear our present lui
then, and that limy will add to it, at their pleas
ure I Further submission will but ictaken ns,
and strengthen them. Let it be rcmemtou. d,
that our oppressors have often taunted us, most
insultingly, in regard to a particular disci i, non
of our property; and that at the Tariff' Convet.
lion in New York, last full, a proposition was
openly made, to apply the surplus money in the
National Treasury, to the purchase and emanci
patiou of our slaves. They have no const dm
lioual warrant to fix upon us the protective sys
tem, nor have they any such warrant to iuieiv
meddle with our slaves; hut, if wo submit to
the first, we shall, in a few years, in all proba
bility, be required to submit to tbo last. The
lime, 1 take it, has now arrived, when we must
assert and enforce, our rights, or give up all claims
to independence, and settle down into a tittle,
worse than colonial bondage.
The Remedy next remains to bo considered
and, (o my mind, if it bo admitted tint the exi.-i
--. mg Taiift' is violative of the Constitution, the
much-abused, and now misrepresented d’ctriuo
of Nullification, is an appropriate, if not the mry
true remedy. I frankly acknowledge, that I
have contrary opinion, and that my mind is
not now free from doubt. I will not abuse your
patience by going into an elaborate argum >ui
upon lliis fruitful subject, but will content my
self with staling a few general propositions, tint
correctness of which can hardly be questioned,
ail'd from which, the doctrine of Nuilillca-iot;
seems almost necessarily to result. I assume u,
as undeniably line, Ist, that the Klate of Georgt
considered in her separate, sovereign and in.ln.
pendent character, and the Federal Government,
considered us such, arc two separate and inde
pendent governments. 2d. That the Fi.dei.ii
Constitution is nothing more nor less th .n a
treaty, or compact, entered into by each j.t.r ic
ulur State, for itself, of the one part, amt tin;
Federal Government of tho other part 3,1.
That where two several Governments differ in
regard to the teitns or meaning of an cxi-lii g
treaty or compact between them, each his an
equal light to decide for itself; and 4di, licit tbo
constitutionality of aprolccf ire Tariff is a/i./it' ■at
question, which no court has the pow.tr in d> -
cidn; and if a judicial question, still, that lie
existing Tariff in so framed, that the true question
never has and never can, come before any j •ini
tial tribunal, It’my promises be correct,it seems
diffi> till, If not impossible, to rosiet the corn It
stoil, that the cons itutioilalily of the proleciivti
system, is a question which must bo decided by
the Federal Government, and the several Bt.iu*
each for itself, and on its own responsibility.—
Again, if it be admitted that the existing Tin iff
is unconstitutional, all will admit that it is tend
to all intents and purposes, and that all person*
;in officers who obey and enforce it, are tres
passers. Now, if such an act be void, surely
each .''trite may, and indeed, is bound to refuse
1 a obedience ; and it is equally plain, that no de
cision of a majority, however large,■and particu
larly of an interested rnaj.irily, can make that
! constitutional and valid, which is admitted tabo
unconstitutional and mid. It seems here ngvn
to follow, that Nullification is the proper remedy
—for it, at the very outset, stamps upon tin
act its true legal character, of a nullity, whilst all
other modes of resistance, for a time at least, .
stem to admit its validity, by suffering it to ex
ist, and be enforced. If it be admitted that the
protective system in constitutional, then indeed
V.’c have no remedy, for such an act cannot be
resisted, either by nullification, or by a conven
tion of u minority of the Htatrs; but, if it be ». '•
constitutional and raid, it cannot be doubted
that each Slate may refuse its obedience.
In the present aspect of affairs, however, 1 10
gaul resistance as the main question, and its
manner as altogether secondary. I h.-ve frank
ly arid fearlessly stated my own opinion. 1 find
many men entertaining tbo same
whom I have not boon iu the habit of agreeing,
and many holding a contrary opinion, will;
whom I have all my life been associated in ny
political acts; but, such considerations cannot
induce me to abandon rny own honest convic
- turns, upon so important a subject. But, upon
tins branch of tlie controversy, I wish to he dis»
j luiolly understood, and to this end I now avow
■ my determination, should a majority of my fel
low-citizens differ with me in opinion, as to tbo
reuiedy, to give all the aid in my power, to
whatever measure of resistance they may se
lect, and recommend to the people of the Staf
fer, I regard unanimity as essential to our sj..
| ( Continued on Fourth I'a'gc-J