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From iht Charlatan Courier-, 6 th inti.
SOUTHERN & WESTERN RAIL ROAD.
Report of ike Charletlon Committee.
[concluded. 3
It is in the order of a wise and beni
ficent Providence, that in the various
wants of mankind, in the varied produc
tion of different counties and climates,
end the diversified pursuits which ne
cessarily result from these causes, there
should be found strong and enduring
bonds of union, and powerful incentives
to the cultivation of the social virtues
and benevolent affections. The tdvan
tages of the proposed work in this
point of view, are peculiarly striking. It
is a painful reflection, that the people of
the South and West know almost as lit
tle of each other, as they do of the in
habitants of Europe, and this unfortunate
state of things must continue, until in
ducements shall be held out to greater
' intimacy, by increased facilities of inter
course. A Rail Road, which shall ena
ble the citizens of Charleston and Cin
cinnati, of Lexington and Knoxvijle, to
visit each other, and return home in the
course of a few days, would multiply
those cords of sympathy, by which men’s
hearts are united, and from which spring
all (he gentle charities of life. The na
tural effect of all tliis, in strengthening
the bonds of our political union, will be
felt by every one, who reflects on the in
fluence of social intercourse in smooth
ing asperities, removing prejudices, and
binding us together, by tliose social ties,
which are among the strongest bonds of
society. In one point of view, these
considerations assume an importance, to
which too much weight cannot possibly
be given—we allude to the effect which
such a connexion must have upon the
peculiar institutions of the South. Sla
very, as it now exists in (he Southern
States, which we all feel and know tube
essential to the prosperity and welfare—
nay, to (he very existence of these States,
is so little understood in other portions
of the Union, that it has lately been as
sailed, in a spirit w hich threatens, unless
speedily arrested, to lead eventually to
the destruction of the Union, and all the
evils which must attend so lamentable
an occurrence. We believe that the es
tablishment of such an intercourse with
the Western States, as is now proposed,
would havc-a powerful tendency to a
vort this dire calamity. Kentucky, Ten
nessee and Missouri, arc slave holding
States, and we shall certainly be greatly
strengthened, by being brought into close
connexion with them—nor can we doubt
that Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, (where
the fanatical anti-slavery spirit is as yet
almost unknown) as well as the other
new Stales, destined ere long to spring
up in the North West, would not only
become reconciled to our institutions,
(by becoming belter acquainted with
them) but would also be interested in
defending and maintaining (hem. In
deed, for all purposes of mutual protec
tion and defence, Rail Roads may well
supply (he place of standing armies, since
it enables a country acting on .the defen
sive, to command almost immediately,
the services of their friends and allies,
whenever they may be needed ; while
such Roads can never be converted to
the purposes of an invading army, from
the extreme facility with which the in
tercourse afforded by them can be rut off.
Rail Roads can only exist, while dispen
sing hlkssinos, or affording protection ;
they can never be used as the instruments
ot war and conquest.
We have thus far, treated this cntcr
firize, as limited in its objects, to mcrc
y opening to us a communication with
the West, and thereby enabling ns to
participate in that commerce from which
we are now almost entirely excluded.
But from the statements contained in (he
documents before us, there is every reason
to believe that Charleston possesses
some peculiar advantages, which will en
title her to command a larger share of
this trade, than righf/u/ly belongs to any
other city in the Union. It seems to be al
most certain, that the proposed Road will
afford to the Western States (he shortest,
easiest, and cheapest communication with
the Atlantic—and by means of the At
lantic, with all foreign nations. On (his
branch of the subject, we are aware that
we cannot furnish any information so sa
tisfactory, as that which is contained in
the statements of Messrs. E. I). Mans
field and J. S. Williams.
Mr. Mansfield says—
“ The distance, in comparison with o
(Her routes to the Atlantic, may be stated
in round numbers as follows
1. From Cincinnati to Lexington or Paris a
hout 80 miles
2. Thenoc to Cumberland Gap, 130
8. Thence to the junction of French
Broad, &c. 68
4. Thence by the French Broad and
Saluda to Columbia, (8. C.) 816
5. Thence to Charleston, 130*
Total distance, 607
The distance from Cincinnati to New-
York byway of the Lake, 950 mile*
Distance to Philadelphia by the way of
Pittsburg, 880
Distance to Baltimore by the way of
Wheeling, ’ 650
Distance to Mobile by the valley of the
T enncssoe, 780
Thus we perceive, that assuming Cin
cinnati as (he centre—and it is the cen
tral. as respects the Ohio River—the
Charleston route is 340 miles nearer to
the seaboard than by Philadelphia; 40
nearer than by Baltimore ; and 170 near
er than by Mobile. In respect to lime,
difference is quite as striking.
Allowing 12 miles an hour an average
rate for freight cars, and a reasonable al
lowance to stoppages, the time required
to . goods from Charleston to
Cincinnati, will require, under the most
favorable circumstances, 10 davs; from
New York 10 or 12 ; from Philadelphia
Bor 10; and from Baltimore, with the
aid of a Rail Road over the Mountains,
4 days.”
To this Mr. Williams adds—“ The
same inducements that would cause
Charleston to obtain her supplies by wav
of the Rail Road, would make her the
" shipping port for most of the exports of
this country destined for Europe or the
• Eastern Slates. One half of the Flour
tmd Pork of Ohio, now find a port at
New i ork, after traversing 800 miles by
»*• i. kske—Canal again, and river.
M'ght not Charleston step forward and
take a share in this important trade r
Again, the Eastern and European Goods
which we receive via New York, Alba
• Only 110 mild by the Slate Road.
L
ny, Buffalo, Cleavcland and Portsmouth,
* travel 1100 miles from N. York to Cin
cinnati by two Rivers, two Canals and
the Lake. Could not Charleston com
, pete with this upon 700 miles of Rail
Road ? Is the harbor and enterprise of
8 (hat city, so inferior of thoee of New
York ? Further, the Merchandize we re
'• ceive from Philadelphia travels by two
Rail Roads, two Canals, and one River,
e 850 miles, would not a Rail Road and
= Charleston Harbor, be better than this
s line and the Delaware Bay ? Further
s still, from Baltimore via Pittsburg,should
the Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road termi
* nate there, to Cincinnati would be about
J; 800 miles, would the Chesapeake Bay
and this line of transportation be prefer
red to 700 miles of Rail Way ?” We
should think not.”
e With these facts before us, is it possi
ble for any class of our citizens to be
r indifferent to the vast and magnificent
project now under consideration ? We
may surely appeal with entire confidence,
to all the people of this State, for their
* cordial co-operation and support. If any
B additional incentive were wanting, to
I excite an ardent zeal in this noble enter
-8 prise, this would be supplied by the ex
’ ample of our sister States, all of whom
seeln to be fully aware of (he vast im-
portancc of this trade, ami are even now
B making the most active and determined
efforts to secure it to themselves. Un
.' less, therefore, we put in our claims, at
once, they will certainly be overlooked
’ or disregarded ; to remain inactive, is to
1 lose the* prize. A bare enumeration of
e some of the great works now in progress,
] or in contemplation, for the purpose of
1 commanding this trade, will be sufficient,
J we trust, to admonish (he citizens of
South Carolina, of the impossibility of
’ their remaining stationary, while all
around them are pressing eagerly for
ward, unless we are prepared utterly to
disregard our own interests, and to sa
-1 orifice our well" earned reputation. N.
York is now at Work, constructing a Rail
Road parallel to her Erie Canal, lltecn-’
* tire length of the State; Massachusetts
is engaged in extending her Boston ami
Worcester Rail Road to Albany. Phila
delphia “ has sdaled the mountains by
Rail Road and Canals Maryland has
1 her Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road;
Washington is “ menacing the Alleg
lianios with the Chesapeake and Ohio
Canal ;” Richmond has projected a Rail
■ Road from that city by (he way of Lynch
burg to Knoxville, in Tennessee, and in
conjunction with North Carolina, another
from Danville, by the head waters of the
Roanoke, to the Mississippi. The Cape
Fear and Yadkin Rail Road, which is
designed to pass by Fayetteville to Beat
■ ty’s Ford on the Catawba, will assured
ly find its ultimate destination in the
Valiev of the Tennessee, Coming fur
-1 ther South, we find Georgia projecting n
1 Hail Road from Savannah,by Calia wha, in
Alabama, to Memphis, on the Mississippi,
a distance of 70() miles. Alabama is
also intent on (he construction of n Rail
Road from Mobile to Nashville ; while
die great Nashville and N. Orleans Road,
1 a part of which has been alread y contrac
[ ted for, (ami which is to extend 650
miles,) is expressly designed to bring the
* entire commerce of the West down to
' New Orleans, by an easier, cheaper and
more certain transportation, than that as
■ forded by the Rivor Mississippi. In ad
’ dition to all (his, it appears by a Report
’ of Lt. Col. Long, of the Topographical
* Engineers, laid before Congress at their
last session, that no less than three great
routes have been already explored for
j the purpose of connecting the Atlantic
with the Mississippi at Memphis, in the
State of Tennessee; —one of which, de
-1 signaled as “the Chesapeake and Mis
' sissippi Rail Rond,” and extending from
1 the head of (he Chesapeake Bay to the
1 Mississppi River, will be nearly a 1000
* miles in extent, and is estimated to cost
’■ $25,000,000. We cannot, however, here
even enumerate all the works of (his de
scription now in contemplation. The
I whole country is full of them. The spir
it of improvement is every where abroad,
| and all around us is business, and ani
mation, and life. And for what purpose,
t it has been well asked, “is this all?”
, To secure the rich products of the great
valleys of the West. The, experiment,
says the document before us, so far as.it
lias been yet tried “has not failed ; New
York has enriched herself by it. Phila
delphia is doing so. Balimore, Wash
ington and Richmond wish to do it, anil
Charleston may, if she enters for the
prize. She stands in the front rank, and
she will enter the list when she finds the
, course clear for southern conception, and
she will win. Compare the Nashville
and New Orleans Rail Road, parallel
with a river capable of carrying 500 tons
in one load, from point to point, with the
workfwe are advocating; alone no navi
gable stream; compare the easy access
of Charleston to (he open Atlantic with
that ol New Orleans, by 120 miles of ri
ver, and 650 of dangerous Gulf riaviga
' linn, and the difference is conspicuous.*
Will Nashville, will Tennessee take that ’
direction at all ? Will she prefer 600 1
miles of Rail Way through otlicr States. 1
that will deliver her produce in an un- 1
healthy climate, between the Gulf of 1
■ Mexico and the Reefs of Florida, to join- 1
ing our road from Knoxville, when she
■ will arrive at open sea with less distance? I
* Will she prefer to pay other States her 1
I fare, when, bv a road through the centre *
* of her own, she can rise to wealth and 1
, importance by the transit of her mcr- '
chandize ? Nay, we cannot think so. *
Nashville will find it to bo her interest to
unite with Charleston and Cincinnati, <
and by a union of effort accomplish a •
work that will at once raise three of our s
four States above midway importance. <
And who can say that within ten years <
from this day, a route from the mouth of l
the Ohio by Nashville, Knoxville and f
Charleston, will not only be the shortest '
and safest, but the cheapest route to Eu- t
rope from the upper Missouri—the far, t
far West. *
With these statements, wc submit (he i
question to our fellow-citizens, whether *■
they consent to stand idle, while all a- <
round them—alive to the importance of I
this great trade—are seen straining every -
nerve to secure it to themselves ? If we -
are content to remain stationary, while 1
t
• It has been eetimsted that the annual losses s
from Shipwreck- atone, on the coast of Florida, c
would exceed the interest on the coat of a Rail
Road from the Atlantic to the Mississippi; and 1
if the amount thus wasted could be taverf. would 11
lin a few year* defray the entire expense of such 0
I a work. o
all others are on the advance, we must
of course be left far behind. We arc
fully convinced, however, that this will
not, and chnntit be the case* No where
in the Union has a greater impulse been
given of late to the public mind, than in
South Carolina, and especially in the city
of Charleston. The spirit of enter
prize has been awakened. The tide of
public and private prosperity is setting in
upon us, with a mighty flood—all is life,
activity and animation around us, and
we every where see—lmprovement.
Party strife and political dissentions,
have too, in a great measure, happily
ceased, and it now only remains that we
should take advantage of these favorable
auspices, to push our fortunes to a glori
ous consummation. Let us then, fellow
citizens, one and all, resolve to signalize
this happy era of returning good feeling
and general prosperity—by laying the
foundations of a mighty work, which will
be a blessing to our country—a rich trea
sure to our posterity, and in all time to
come, an enduring monument of ourEn
terprizCi Wisdom and Patriotism.
RESOLUTIONS.
1. Resolved, That entertaining these
views, the citizens of Charleston are
ready & willing cordially, to co-operate
with the citizens of Cincinnati, anil all
others who may feel an interest in the
extension of a Rail Road fiom this. City
to the Ohio river, by the most advanta
geous route.
2. Resolved, That in order to afford
the highest evidence of our determination
to enter upon this enterprise in a becom
ing spirit, a Committee of Correspon
dence, to consist of seven persons, be
appointed to correspond with such per
sons in this State, or in other States, as
may feel a common interest with us in
this matter, —with a view to obtain and
extend information, and to bring about a
concert of action, so as to secure the
adoption of the most efficient measures,
for the exploration and survey of the
proposed routes, in order, that the con
templated Road, should it be found prac
ticable, may be commenced at an early
day.
3. Resolved, That said Committee be
also authorized, in behalf of the City of
Charleston, to employ one or more com
petent persons, to enter immediately up
on the proper explorations,—-with in
structions to co-operate with such other
persons as may be appointed by the Le
gislature of this State or the citizens of
other States, for the purpose of making
such explorations, or surveys, as may he
deemed necessary, in order to determine
the practicability, cost, and proper route
of tiie proposed Road.
4. Resolved, That as the contemplated
Rail Road must be of vast importance to
the City of Charleston, and is closely
connected with the interests of all class
es of our fellow citizens—it is just and
proper that the expenses incident to (he
duties, hereby imposed upon the Com
mittee of Correspondence, should bo paid
out of the City Treasury, whereby our
citizens will contribute towards the same
in proportion to their means—and the
City Council, be and they are hereby ac
cordingly, requested, to put at the'dis
posal of said Committee, the sum of five
thousand dollars, should so much be re
quired ; to be accounted for by them, to
the City Treasurer.
5. Resolved, That the Legislature be
requested to appoint proper persons, in
behalf of this Suite, to make such sur
veys ns may be deemed necessary—with
instructions to act in concert with such
other persons as may be employed by us,
or by others interested in this work, and
that they be also requested, to make a
liberal appropriation to cover the expense.
6. Resolved, That the citizens of
Charleston will bo prepared to send del
egates to any Convention that may be
called in reference to the proposed Rail
Road, and that the Committee of Cor
respondence bo authorized to appoint
delegates to represent this City, when
ever such a Convention shall be con
vened.
7. Resolved, That the following per
sons, viz: Robert Y. Hayne, James
Hamilton, Charles Edmonston, Charles
J. Colcock,Thomas Bennett, Ker Boyce,
and Alexander Black, be appointed a
Committee of Correspondence, (with
power to till up vacancies) to carry into
effect the foregoing Resolutions, and that
these proceedings be published in the Ga
zettes, and also in Pamphlet form for
general distribution, and that a copy be
also furnished to the Governor, with a re
quest that the same may be laid before
the Legislature.
Tiie above Address and Resolutions
being read and considered, were unani
mously adopted by the meeting.
‘ EDWARD \V. NORTH, Ch’n.
Taos. D. Conuv, Secretary.
A.
APPENDIX.
[•fYom the Southern Review, Nov* 11325 , Vol. 11. p 485. |
From the mouth of the Tennessee ri
ver to Florence, just below the Muscle
Shoals, where the steam boat navigation
now terminates, the ascending voyage
consumes from two to three days. From ,
the junction of the Ohio & Mississippi to i
the mouth of the Tennessee, scarcely one. i
From Florence, a Rail Road of' three 1
hundred and forty miles, without having 1
to encounter any interposing mountains, ]
or cross any formidable streams, will J
reach Augusta. From Augusta Savan
nah is distant one hundred and twenty,
Charleston, one hundred and fortv miles.
Thus then, the products of the Western
country, whether descending the White
river or the mighty stream of the Mis
souri, whether floating along the current
of the Mississippi, or its tributary bran
ches, many of them noble rivers, and like
the Illinois, flowing through territories of 8
exuberant and inexhaustible fertility;
whether decending along the stream of
the Ohio itself, or any of its secondary wa- *
ters, will only have to pause in their de- 1
scending progress, turn against the cur- '
rent of the Tennessee for two or three ,
days, & then in forty or sixty hours, ac- c
cording to the rate at which carriages shall s
be made to travel, may be placedin Au- •
gusta on navigable water flowing into the
Atlantic, or in another day, on continued
Rail Roads, may be delivered in Charles- tl
ton or Savannah, in Atlantic ports, pos- ll
sessing every advantage that mercantile J
enterprize may require. Six days, ?
therefore, of uninterrupted travelling,
may take produce from the confluence g
of the Ohio and Mississppi to the shores p
of the Atlantic ; in five days, a return »
cargo may be delivered at the same
point. It appears to us that no one posi
tion on the Atlantic shore of the U. States,
offers equal advantages to the commerce
of the Western country—to that com
merce, we meant which will embrace,
and is connected with all the waters of
the Mississippi and its branches, to the
North of the Arkansas. We know of no
other coarse in which so Few obstacles
will interpose, no other on which there
will be so short a distance to ascend a
gainst a current. The New York Canal
opens a prodigious intercourse with the
lakes, and with all the streams which flow
into those magnificent basins, it has
thrown unbounded treasures into the lap
of the commercial capital of our country;
but the regions connected with the Valley
of the Mississippi, are more extensive,
mole fertile, more populous now, and in
creasing more rapidly ill their population.
From the confluence of the Ohio and
Mississippi, the distance (calculated from
one of Tanner’s maps) to different points
on the sea coast, is as follows:
To Savannah i 525 miles.
Charleston* 551
Richmond, 596
Washington, 660
Baltimore, 687 <
Philadelphia, 780
The route from Florehce to Augusta,
wotild pass some distance south of the
termination of the Alleghany mountains,
and cross the Coosa, Talapoosa, and
Chatahoochee, while they are yet near
their sources. It would run through a
fertile, healthy* and, where not occupied
by the Indians, a populous country. All
other routes to the Atlantic coast, except
ing one further to the south, would cross
many ridges of mountains, where roads
could only be opened at great expense.
In times of peace, this outlet to the
western commerce may be considered
as comparatively unimportant, the
great bulkjof it will, undoubtedly, float
along its natural and noble channel. But
in war, when the mouth of a single ri
ver, nay, even the Gulf of Mexico it
self, can be easily closed by a navalpow
er, such an access to the Atlantic coast
may become of immense value.
B.
Advantages of Charleston.
Among the advantages possessed by
Charleston, over the other cities of the
Union, as a commercial emporium for the
productions of the West, are the follow
mg:—
Ist. A shorter distance, as has been
already shown.
2d. “ Its proximity to the ocean (and
to the West Indies,) facility of access, Bt
all seasons of tho year, and its spacious
and secure harbour,” freedom from ice in
winter, and comparative safety from
storms, are also advantages which should
not be overlooked.
A Rail Road terminatinghere,would cer
tainly be less liable to interruption during
winter than any line of communication
by Roads or Canals further north. Over
any city south of this (on the Atlantic)
Charleston would possess decided advan
tages, from its position on the ocean-*- its
larger population and capital, its supe
rior accommodations afforded by exten
sive and well constructed wharves, and
stoic houses; the facility with which ves
sels can be repaired and obtain supplies
of every description, and the fact that a
Rail Road has been already constructed,
leading from this city towards the West,
one hundred ami thirty six miles.
Over New Orleans. —Charleston would
have (he advantage of being nearer to (he
sea, and especially in being relieved from
that intricate and dangerous gulf navi
gation which is attended by such au im
mense annual loss of lives and property.
It has been estimated, that half a million
of dollars are yearly lost on the Florida
Cape. It is understood “ that vessels
can make three voyages to and from
Charleston and Europe in the same pe
riod of time consumed in making (wo
voyages to and from the Gulf of Mexico
aud Europe. In the latter, vessels pass
in (heir passage out near Charleston, a
part of the distance requiring ten or fif
teen days, and the passage is longer and
more intricate aud dangerous.” Charles
ton is moreover, decidedly more healthy
than New Orleans, and we are confident,
at least, as healthy as any city to the
South or north of us.* Butit is in a pe
riod of war that Charleston would pos
sess the most decided superiority over
New Orleans, What would become of
the commerce of the West, in the event
of the Gull of Mexico being occupied
by the naval force of an enemy. In (hat
event, an internal communication be
tween the West and the Atlantic, by a
Rail Road to Charleston, would be of in
calculable value. From the nature of
our coast, a coastwise blockade for any
length of time, especially in winter, is
impracticable; our trade, therefore, would
continue open, while that through the
Gulf of Mexico would be sealed up.
• This is fully proved from the following state
ments :—The Bills of Mortality of tho City of
Charleston for the last live years to 1838, inclu
sive, exhibit 3,611 deaths in a population of 36,-
000, which on an average is 783 per annum, be
ing one in every 48 47-100, or a little over 3 per
cent. For the year 1833, the deaths wore only
500, which is one in every 68 41 -100. Tho state
ments for the subsequent years arc not at hand,
but it is liclieved they will shew even more favo
rable results. The Marine Hospital Record
Book furnishes the following statement of the
number of admissions and deaths, for each suc
ceeding year, from October 1837, to October
1833.
.idmissien. Deaths.
From Oct. 1837 to 1828 .319 86
“ “ 1828 to 1829 243 11
“ *< 1829 to 1830 895 22
“ “ 1830 to 1831 265 19
“ “ 1831 to 1832 227 10
Total, 1,356 88
Can any city in the Union make a more favor- 1
able exhibitl
—————————
The Texas Revolution, —J ojgo H. M.
Brackenridoe has written an interesting let- (
ter the New York Evening Star, giving a sketch i
of the war in Texas in 1813 and 1814—and
speculating upon the probabilities of the present
struggle in that province. He predicts the suc
cess of tho rebels—and says in conclusion : “ j I
shonld not be surprised if the war of Texas end 1
in the city of Mexico’'*—Charleston Mercury, j
Michigan. —Every measure is being taken by i
the people of tliis Territory to assert and main- i
tain their light to admission into the Union : 1
They have recently had an election for a Govern- '
or, a Representation to Congress, and members \
lor Injth brandies of a Slate Legislature; and I
immediately on the assembling of this body, two I
Senators to Congress will be elected. The peo- t
pie have also adopted the State Constitution which a
was formed last summer. —Mobile Com, Trans, a
AUGUSTA S
SATURDAY, NOVEMBEIt 14. 1835.
** Be jutt , and fear not.**
COPA RTN PR*HIP.
My brothefr, Wm. F. Pemberton, having be
come associated with me in the general interest
and management of the Acocsta Chronicle, it
will, from this date, and No., which is the first of
the new volume, be published by A. H. <& W. F.
Pemserton, to whom alt letters,on the future
business of the establishment, should be addressed.
The former business of the Augusta Chronicle
being wholly separate from the present, it is not
only desirable, but necessary, to collect the debts,
and close the books, of the last ten years, as early
as practicable. AU persons indebted, to tills date,
are, therefore, earnestly requested to make immedi
ate payment.
A. H. PEMBERTON.
Au»u4ta, Sept. 30, 1835.
IMPORTANT PUBLIC MEETING.
By reference to an advertisement in another
column, it will be seen that a meeting of the citi
zens of Augusta has been called by the City
Council, to be hold at the City Hall, This Mobn
i bo, at 11 o’clock, to take into consideration the
important project of a Southern and Western
Rail Road, between the Atlantic cities of Georgia
and Carolina, and Cincinnati, in the State of
Ohio. Wc hope that the meeting will be gene
rally attended by our citizens, who are all deeply
interested in the object for which ithas been called.
TIIE NEW YORK MIRROR.
It was with unfeigned pleasure and gratifica
tion, that we rtad the following article in the
New York Mirror of the 7lh instant, in answer
to some remarks made by us, sometime since, re
lating to some unpleasant reflections on the pecu
liar institutions ol the South, found in a previous
number of that most valuable and interesting
work. The answer of the able and worthy editor
of the Mirror, we have no doubt, will fee wholly
satisfactory to all its Southern subscribers, ami
will remove all unfavorable impressions, which
■ our article, respecting it, may have occasioned:
“ .dugrnta Chronicle. —The able editor oCthls
journal baa in the kindest manner pointed out some
intermeddling on the part of our correspondents
with tho vexed question of abolition. Wo thank
him for his hint, and for the handsome manner in
which it is conveyed. We assure him that tho re
marks referred to inadvertently crept into om
1 columns, ami that we should most undoubtedly
have struck them out in tho proof-sheet, had they
not escaped our notice. With religion and poli
tical discussions we have nothing to do; and wc
have rejected some fitly communications, more or
less, onthc subject of slave emancipation at the
south, as it is an affair in which such a journal as
the Mirror should not interfere at all, and in
which if it did meddle it would not be iuthe man
ner reprobated in the .lugusta Chronicle. All
these matters are unsuitable for agitation in these
Columns, and whatever our opinions may be re
specting them we hope we shall he pardoned for
keeping them to ourselves. Will our friend of the
Chronicle oblige us by giving the substance of this
pragraphh to his readers 1”
THE ABOLITIONISTS.
A highly respected and worthy citizen of this
place, received through the Post Office, a few
days since, a No. of the New Y'ork Evangelist—
one of the most violent Abolition papers now
published—and, after perusing it, he felt that he
could do uo greater service to his fellow citizens,
than by laying before them a portion of the con
, tents of this vile print, for the purpose of placing
the odious doctrines of the Abolitionisjs in their
true light, before the Southern people, without
which, they must remain in the dark, as to their
true interest and safety. With this view, the
gentleman above alluded to, has placed this paper
in our possession, with the request that we would
publish such extracts from it, as would tend most
to enlighten tho minds of the Southern people on
this all-important subject.
We regret that it is out of our power to publish
all that wc find in tho Evangelist, the knowledge
of which wo believe to boos great importance to
our readers. Wo have never before seen such
outrageous abuse of Southern institutions, in any
of the Abolition prints, as wc find contained in
the one now before us. We see plainly that each
succeeding copy of their vile papers, which finds
its way into this city, unfolds more fully the deep
laid plans of these wicked incendiaries, and that
the Southern people can as yet only conjecture
their dark, bloody, and outrageous designs.
Our readers arc already aware of the result of
the Anti-Slavery Convention, held at Utica, on
the 31st alt. After the breaking up of that Con
vention, by the citizens of Utica, a portion of the
Abolitionists assembled at Peterboro’, on the 22d
ult., in the 2d Presbyterian Church, where they
adopted twenty-five resolutions, from among
which we copy tho following ;
“2. Resolved, That holding men in slavery,
being contrary to the law written on the human
heart, as well as in the holy scriptures, is a sin
AGAINST Got).
5. Resolved, That tho time has come (o settle
the grout question, whether the north shall give
up its liberty to preserve slavery to the south, or
the south shall give up its slavery to preserve li
berty to the whole nation.
8. Resolved, That facts show, that immediate
and universal emancipation is the most safe as
well as the only just remedy for slavery, and that
all schemes of gradual emancipation arc unjust
in principle and dangerous in practice.
12. Resolved, That Christians, by virtue of
the commission, “Go ye into all the world and
preach tho gospel to every creature,” are citizens
of the world, and as such authorized to go to the
ends of the earth to bear testimony against all sin,
and call on all men to repent of anil forsake it—
and therefore that for American Christians to
stigmatize philanthropists, who come from En
gland to plead for the oppressed, as “foreigners,”
“ foreign emissaries,” “ aliens,” &e. or to coun
tenance ethers in doing it, is a practical denial of
our Lord’s commission, and a direct condemna
tion of all missionary enterprises.
16. Resolved, That wo deem it a duty of pa
rents to instil into the minds of their children a
deep abhorrence of slavery ; and that wo cordial
ly invite the co-opcration of tho young in our ef
forts for its removal.
20. Resolved, That this society approve the
resolution of the American Anti-Slavery Society
to raise thirty thousand dollars file present year
for the society, and is ready to pledge itself to
sustain them in the effort.”
In support of some one of the resolutions, Mr.
Gcrrit Smith made a speech before the Abolition
Convention, from which we extract the following
short paragraph!
“ It is not to be disguised, sir, that war has bro
ken out between the south & the north, not.easily
to be terminated. Political and commercialmen,
for their own purposes, arc industriously striving
to restore peace. But the peace which they may
accomplish will be superficial and hollow. ’ True
and permanent peace can only be restored by re
moving the cause of the war—that is, slavery.
It can never be established on any other terms.
The sword now drawn will not be sheathed, till
victory, entire victory, is ours or theirs. Not un
til that deep and damning stain is washed out
from our nation, or the chains of slavery are riv
eted afresh where they now are, and on our necks
also, It is idle, criminal, to speak of peace on
any other terms,”
—l———
What think you, reader, will not auch dsclara
. lions as the above open the eyes of the Southern
people, and prepare them for the coming storm ?
If this is not enough to awaken them to a sense
: of their danger, we may as well close onr eyes to
the impending ruin, and await it* approach in
silence.
I If our limits will permit, we shall continue our
II extracts from this paper at an early period—the
, above is all wc have room for, at present.
e GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
k Millf.dgevii.le, Monday, Nov. 9.
e Senate, Nov. 9.—Bills were reported, by Mr.
4 Wood, of Mclntosh, to mark out more distinctly
>, the period of occupancy, by the Cherokee Indians,
yof the lands reserved for their use—by Mr. Kmc,
i, Glynn, to incorporate the Brunswick and
j. Florida Rail Rodd Company, (200 copies ordered
UJ be printed)— by Mr. Fabis, to divide Walker
county Into two counties—and severally read the
first time.
On motion of Mr. Saffold, the 12lh rule of
r Bn* Senate was abolished, so that bills may uni
, formly be reported instanter, without reference to
committees.
y
The committee to whom was referred the peti
c ‘ion of certain citizens of Mclntosh county, pray
n > n g to be attached to Liberty county, reported
a unfavorably thereon, and the report was agreed to.
t s House, Nov. 9.—A communication was recei
ved from the Governor, informing the House that
vacancies had occurred in the offibc of Brigadier
j General Os the Ist Brigade, sth Division, and Ist
Brigade 9th Division, through the death W Bri
gadier General FleWEllln, and Brigadier Gen
i- eral EctOb.
e Notices of bills were given, by Mr. Bailkt, to
-.1 compensate Solicitors General, Clerks, Sheriffs,
:- Constables, &c. in certain cases—by Mr. Davis of
i- Elbert, to authorize the county of Elbert to retain
is the whole of its tax, for one year, to build A Jail—
g by Mr. Shaw* to alter the time of holding the
>r Superior and Inferior Courts of the Cherokee Cir
y cuit; and to require Sheriffs to pay over mo
il nips collected—by Mr. —to give Magis
1* (rates jurisdiction of damages td A certain ex
tent.
is Bills were reported by Mr. Rogers, (the bill
ie passed lust session) to alter the Constitution, so as
ts •
[ to abolish the property qualification of members
n of the Legislature— by Mr. Ezzaiui, to repeal the
3- Ist and 2nd sections of the act of 1832, impo
lr sing an additional tax on Pedlars—by Mr. —-; —,
V *
y to reduce the number of Justices of the Inferior
j. Court to one for each county, (300 copies order
c cd to be printed,) and to reduce the price of
” Grants in the Land Lottery of 1827, to Five
[S Dollars—by Mr. Floubnoy, to abolish the pun
n ishment of death for any crime except Treason,
>- and substitute solitary confinement in the Peni
-11
" tentiary, at hard labor, for life, (200 copies or
dered to be printed)—by Mr. Mebbiwetheb, to
)r prohibit the circulation of Bank bills under the
; e denomination of ten dollars—by Mr. ,to
organize a new county from the counties of Ma
rion and Houston—by Mr. Schley, to authorize
the Bank of Augusta to establish offices of Dis
is count and Deposite where it may think proper,
v and increase its capital stock eight hundred
- thousand dollars more—and by Mr. Bolton, to
v make it a Penitentiary offence to take from the
c Post Office any Abolition paper, and require Ped
”, lars or persons obtaining subscriptions for books,
>■ &c. to take au oath that they will not vend or
g distribute any books, pamphlets, or papers con
ir taining incendiary matter, or interfere in any way
it with slavery while in the State,
r Resolutions were offered, by Mr. Clayton,
e requesting the Governor to inform the House
r what have been the expenses of tho Georgia
1 Guard, and what the services performed by it,
t and expected of it hereafter—and by Mr. Black
) of Scrtvcn, requesting the Governor to lay be
fore the Joint Committee on the incendiary movd
' ments of the Abolitionists, any pamphlets or pa
e pers relating to said Abolitionists—which were
3 severally taken up and adapted.
’ A communication was received from the Go
s vornor, transmitting a letter from the President of
1 the Augusta Bank, informing that one hundred
1 shares of the increase of the capital stock of said
s Bank were reserved for subscription by the State,
? in proportion to its present subscription of one
t sixth on the old stock.
8 The House went into Committee of the whole*
on the bill to appropriate $ for the erection
1 of a causeway over Briar Creek Swamp, in Scri
' ven county, and after filling the blank with $2,-
■ 500, and slightly amending it, it was reported to
: the House, taken up by sections, the $2,500 stri
-1 ken out, on motion of Mr. Bates, and laid on
' the table for the present.
t A Resolution from the Senate, to proceed to
tho election of a Major General for the eighth
, Division, aud two Brigadiers General for the Ist
1 Brigade, sth Division, and Ist Brigade, 9th Di
vision, ou Wednesday next, was taken up and
. concurred in. *
i Senate, Nov. 10.—Bills were reported, by
Mr. Walked, to incorporate the Georgia Lum
ber Company—and by Mr. Steelman, to regu
i late sheriff’s sales—and severally read the first
1 time.
The Senate look up and disagreed to the amend
ment of the House, to the Resolution of the
Senate, respecting the Joint Standing Commit
tees, requiring said Committees to appoint a
clerk, each, from among their own members; and
disagreed, also, to tho Resolution of the House,
appointing the Joint Standing Committees.
Mr. Saffold laid on the Table a Resolution,
to request the Joint Committee on the movements
of the Abolitionists, to lake into consideration the
propriety of a general law, equalizing the taxes
of the State, &o.
House, Nov. 10.—The bill to appropriate mo
ney for the erection of a causeway over Briar
Creek swamp, in Scriven county, being the un
finished business of yesterday, was taken up, and
Mr. Shaw moved to fill the blank occasioned by
Striking out the sum of $2,500, with $1,200, and
tho sum due to the State on the bond of Peter
Leqheux, lor money appropriated for the im
provement of Briar Creek; which, after conside- (
rablc discussion between Messrs. Shaw, Black,
and Hudson, in favor of it, and Messrs. Bates,
Bubnes, and Mebbiwetheb, against it, was de
cided in the negative; and the bill, on motion of
Mr. Bates, was laid on the table for the balance
of the session—yeas 83, nays 79,
The bill from tho Senate, to pardon John B.
Childers, of Hancock, for murder, Was taken up,
and occupied the remainder of the silling, in an t
animated and able discussion between Messrs. J,
Floubnoy, Gobdos, of Chatham, Habbis, of
Putnam, and Davis, of Elbert, in favor of it, „
and Messrs. Lewis, of Jones, and Hill, of Jas- j
per, against it; after which tho house adjourned, t j
(Mr. McKinley having the floor,) without a de- n
cisioa. k
* •
(Ej" Wc are requested to state, that Cbakles
Cahteb, Esq. who received a part of the votes
given for Judge of the Court of Common Pleas
of Augusta, in the recent eleetioh, was not a can
didate.
Senate, Nov. 11.—On motion of Mr. Daw
son, that part of the Governor’s Message which
relates to the Chferokee IndiaHa Slid Guard, to
gether with all the documents on the [subject;
were referred td a Committee, consisting of
Messrs. Dawson, Dunaoan; McConnell, Nes
bit, and Baffold.
Mr. Wood, of Mclntosh, .laid on the table, a
Resolution calling on the Central Bank to in
form the Senate, what interest it receives annu
ally on its capital stock—what are its annual ex
penses—what its actual losses, since its incorpo
ration—and what will be the annual expense of
maintaining six Branches of it.
Mr. Robinson laid on the table a bill sot the
protection of the citizens of Stewart, Randolph*
r Itwin, Early, Marion, SilihUr, Lee, Baker, &c;
from the incursions and depredations of the Creek
Indians.
The bill to add a part of Newton to Herifjq
was rejected—j'cas il, nays 63:
House, Nov. 11—Mr. Black, of Scrivcri*
I moved to re-consider so much of the Journal of
yesterday, as relates to the laying on the table for .
the balance of the session, the bill to appropriate
money for the construction of a causeway over
Briar Creek swamp, in Scrivcn county, and ad
vocated his motion in an able and effective speech:
The motion was also advocated by Mr. Kenan,
and opposed by Mr. Bates, and ultimately car
ried. [ Whatever ma> be the ultimate fate of this
, bil >. B will lose nothing for want of talents, zeal,
tact, industry; and its mover will certainly, be ii
• what it may, deserve the watm thanks of his con
stituents, for his able, and eloquent, and indefati
gable efforts in its behalf.]
Notices of bills were given, by Mr. Habknkss;
to compensate Jurors— by Mr. Harrison, df
Carroll; W prlivtill tiie employment of negroes
. or mulaltocs in drug stores —by Mr. Shick, td
amend the act giving mechanics a lien on build
ings, &.c. — by Mr. Moore, of Clark, to require
I Insurance Banks to state, in their semi-annual
* Reports, the amount insured by them—ty Mr;
, Janes, to amend the Act tvhicli requires Tax
, Collectors and Receivers td attend in each Cap
tain’s District three times each year—by Mr.
Bubnes, to amend the charter of the Georgia
. Rail Road Company—by Mr. Lewis, of JoncS;
to punish negroes for breaking jail, &c.—by Mr.
f Bonneb, to change the time of holding the Su
perior Courts of the Chattahoochee Circuit—by
Mr. Landrum, of Oglethorpe, to amend the laws
regulating the Poor School Fund—and by Mr.
Rhodes, to amend the act of ’34, authorizing tho
City Council of Augusta to convey ten acres of
( the City commons to the Medical College of
Georgia.
’ Bills were reported, by Mr ,to appro-*
priatc $20,000 for the improvement of Ocmulgeo
river— by Mr. ———, to give Magistrates juris
diction of damages, to the amount of thirty dol
lars—by Mr. Calhoun, to incorporate a Compa
| ny to construct a Rail Road from Columbus to
some point on Flint river ; and to incorporate the
Planters’ Bank of Columbus—by Mr. , to
prevent owners or hirers of slaves from allowing
them to carry fire arms—by Mr. Schley, to ap
propriate dollars, for the benefit of the
Medical College of Georgia—by Mr. Habbis, of
Warren, to revise and amend the patrol laws
by Mr. —, to raise the commissions of Tax
Collectors and Receivers twenty-five per cent,
above their present rates—by Mr. , to re
serve from sale, under execution, certain articles
necessary to the support of families—and by Mn
—, to appoint a board of Botanic Physicians.
On motion of Mr. Bonneb, the last semi
annual Report of the Farmcrs’ t ßank of Chatta
hoochoo, was ordered to be printed with the Re
port of the Commissioners appointed to examine
into the affairs of said Bank.
On motion of Mr. Hudson, the Joint Standing
Committees announced on Saturday last, were
made tho Standing Committees of the House, only.
On motion of Mr. Black, of Scrivcn, the Go
vernor was requested to lay before the House a
statement of tho depredations committed by the
Creek Indians, On the citizens of Stewart, Ran
dolph, Sumter, &c. the relief requested and af
forded, tho agents employed, and the amount of
compensation, and tho correspondence on the
subject, between the Executive, and the citizena
of said counties, or the General Government—
and, also, a statement of the amount duo on Peter
Lcqucux's bond for monies due to the State on
the appropriation for tho improvement of Briar
Creek.
Messages were received from the Governor,
informing tho House that the expenses of tfte
Cherokee Guard, paid out of lha contingent fund,
were $5,872, besides $1,200 previously announced
to the House, as disbursed by a warrant on the
Treasury, dec.; and that he has no information,
as required by the House, except that communi
cated in the Annual Message of his predecessor,
and a letter from Col. Curry, approving the ap
pointment of additional agencies, and recommend
ing an increase of the Guard, to double its pre
sent number—and, also, that a vacancy had oc
currcd in tho office of Adjutant General, through
the death of the late incumbent, Jolm C. Easter.
Tho bill from the Senate, to pardon John B.
Childers, of Hancock, was taken up, and, after a
speech from Mr. McKinley, in favor of it, passed
—yeas 88, nays 71,
'The House met in the afternoon, and proceed
ed, with the Senate, according to previous ap
pointment, to the election of a Major General of
Bth Division, and two Brigadiers General of the
Ist Brigade, 6th Division, and Ist Brigade,'9th
Division; which resulted as follows; •
Major General Bth Division, Ist Ballot.
Col. Lewis L. Griffin,* of Monroe, 134
Alien Cociiban, “ “ gg
Mark Hudson, 7
Blank, j' .
First Brigade , sth Division,
Col. John W. Gordon, of Jones, elected, no
opposition.
First Brigade, Oth Division, Ur Ballot.
Col. Lucius H. Feathebstojt,* 143
Col. John Kendrick, 78
Blank, 1
* Elected.
AN UNQUESTIONABLE TRUTH I
The New York Evening Star, in speaking of
the unnatural and ruinous party divisions and
hostilities among the Southern people, at such a
time as this, observes:—“The South, once united,
would require no Anti-Abolition meetings at the
North, to sustain their rights.” True—unques
tionably true!—who does not see it!—and yet
who uses the slightest effort to promote so desira
ble and important a result—and one, without