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BV A. ll* & W. F. i>EMBEISTO\. AUGUSTA, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 19, IftitS. VOLUME 50—AO. 12, (Concluded from last pigp.) undid and efficient. ll is at all linns in n state for prompt anil vigorous nation, and it contains within it salithe power of extension to any useful limit ; wliile, at thesamn time, it preserves that knowledge, belli theoretical and practical,which education ond experi ence alone can give ; rind which, ifnot acquired and preserved in lime of pence, mast be sought under great disadvantages in time of w ar. The duties of the Engineer Corps press heavily up on that branch of the serviee ; and the public interest requires on addition to its strength. The nature of the works in which the officers are engaged, render ne cessary professional knowledge and experience, and there, is up economy in committing 16 thorn more du ties than thereon perform, or in assigning these to other persons ICmporarily employed,and too often, oi necessity, without all the qualifications which such service demands. I recommend this subject to your attention, and also the proposition submitted at the last session of Congress, and now renewed, (or a re organization of the Topographical Corps. This ro organizouoii can be effected w ithout any addition to the present expenditure, and w ith much advantage Vo the public service. The branch of duties which de volves upon these officers is at all times interesting to the community, and the information furnished by them is useful in peace and in war. tiluch loss and Innonvenionce have been exporiene id in consequence oi the failure of the bill containing the ordinary appropriations for fortifications, which passed one branch of the National legislature at the lust session, bat was lost in the other, Tni» failure was the more regretted, not only because it necessari ly interrupted ond delayed the progress of a system of national defence, projected immediately after the last war, and since steadily pursued, but also because it contained a contingent appropriation inserted in ae. cordaneo with the views of the Executive, in aid ol this important object, and other branches of the na tional defence, some portions of which might have been most usefully applied during the past season. I invito your early attention to Ih-at part of the report of the Secretary of War which relates to this sub ject, and recommend an appropriation sufficiently lib eral to accelerate the armament of the fortifications, ■agreeably to the proposition submitted by him, ond to place our w hole Atlantic seaboard in a complete state ’of defence. A just regard to the permanent interests of the country evidently requires this measure, hut there arc also other reasons which, at the present juncture, give it peculiar force, and make it my duly to call to the subject your special consideration. The present system of Military Education has been in operation sufficiently long to tost its usefulness, ami it has given to the army a valuable body of officers It is not alone in tho improvement, discipline, and operation of the troops that these officers are employ ed. They are also extensively engaged in tho admin istrative and fiscal concerns of the various matters confided to the War Department; in tho execution of the staff duties, usually appertaining to military or ganization ; in the removal of tho Indians, nnd in the disbursement of the various expenditures growing out of our Indian relations; in the formation of roads, and in tho improvement of harbors and rivers; m the construction of fortifications ; in the fabrication of much of the material required for the public de fence ; nnd in the preservation, distribution, and ac countability of the whole;. ond in other miscellane ous duties, not admitting of classification. These diversified functions embrace very heavy ex ponditnres of public money, ond require fidelity, science, and business habits in their execution; and a system which shah secure these qualifications is de manded by the public interest. That this object has been, in a great measure, obtained by tho Military Academy, is shown by' the slate of the service, anil by the prompt accountability which has generally followed the necessary advances. Like all other poli tical systems, the present mode of military education, ho doubt, has its imperfections, both ol principle nnd practice; blit I trust these can be improved by rigid inspections, nnd by legislative scrutiny, without de stroying the institution itself. Occurrences, to which we as well as all-other nations are liable, both in our internal and ex ternal relations, point to tho necessity of an ef ficient organization of tho Militia. lam again induced, by the importance of the subject,, to bring it to your attention. To suppress domes tic violence, and to repel foreign invasion, should these calamities overtake us, we must rely, in the first instance, upon the great body of the community, whose will has” instituted and whose power must support the Govern ment. A largo standing military force is not consonant to the spirit of our institutions, nor to the feedings of our countrymen ; ond the les sons of former days, and those also of our own times, show the danger, es well as tho enor mous expense, of these permanent and exten sive military organizations. That just medium which avoids an inadequate preparation on one hand, and the danger and expense of a large force on the other, is what our constituents have a right to expect from their Government. This object can be attained only by tho main tenance of a small military force, and by such an organization of tho physical strength of the country as may bring this power into operation, whenever its services arc required. A classifi cation of the population offers the most obvious means of effecting this organization. Such a division may be made as will be just to all, by transferring each, at a proper period of life, from one class to another, and by calling first for the services of that class) whether for in struction or action, which, from age, is qualified for the duty, and may be called to perform it with least injury to themselves, or to the public. Should the danger ever become so imminent as to require additional force, the other classes in succession would be ready for the call. And if, in addition to this organization, voluntary as sociations were encouraged, and inducements held out for their formation, our militia would be in a state of efficient service. Now, when wo are at peace, is the proper time to digest and establish a practicable system. The object is certainly worth the experiment, and worth the expense. No one appreciating the blessings of a republican government, can object to his share of the burden which such it plan may im pose. Indeed a moderate portion of the nation al funds could scarcely be better applied than in carrying into effect and continuing such an arrangement, and in giving tho necessary elc tnentary instruction. Wc are happily at, peace With all the world. A sincere desire to con tinue so, ft a fixed determination to give no just cause of offence to other nations, furnish, un fortunately, no certain grounds of expectation lhat this relation will be uninterrupted. With this determination to give no offence is associ ated a resolution, equally decided, tamely to submit to none. The armor and the altitude of defence afford the best security against those collisions which the ambition, or interest, or come other passion of nations, not more jjustifi . , •is liable to produce. In many countries, it is considered unsafe to put arms into the hands ot the people, and to instruct them in the elements of military knowledge. The fear can have no place here t when it is recollected that the People are the sovereign power. Our Government was instituted and is supported by the ballot-box, not by the musket. Whatever changes await it, still greater changes must be made in our social institutions, before our politi cal system can yield to physical force. In every aspect, therefore, in which 1 can victv the sub ject, I am impressed with tho importance of it prompt and efficient organization of the mili tia. The plan of removing the Aboriginal people who yet remain within tho settled portions ol the United States, lo the country west of the VJjssissippi river, approaches its consummation It was adopted on the most mature considcra tion of the condition of this race, and ought tn be persisted in till the object is accomplished, and prosecuted with as much vigor as a just re gard to their circumstances will permit, and as fast as their conscitfcan be obtained. All pro lr ceding experiments for the improvement of tho l’ tablished tactj that they cannot live in contact i- with a civilized community and prosper. Ages d of fruitless endeavors have at length brought us f to a knowledge of tins principle of intercoinmu ideation with them. The past wc cannot rc ,t call, but the future we can provide for. lude e pendently of tho treaty stipulations, into which we have entered with the various tribes, for the ll usufructuary rights they have ceded to us, no o one can doubt the moral duty of the Govorn >f ment ot tho United Stales to protect, and, if h possible, to preserve nnd perpetuate the sent if lered remnants of this race, which are left with. e in our borders. In the discharge ot this duty, an extensive region in the West has been as n signed for their permanent residence. It has 0 been divided into districts, and allotted among them. Many have already removed, and others ” are preparing to go ; and with the exception of two small hands, living in Ohio and Indiana, not exceeding filled) hundred persons, and of g the Cfterokecs, all the tribes on the east side of h the Mississippi, ami extending from Lake Mi g ch'gan to Florida, have entered into engage , ments which will lead to their transplantation. 1 Tho plan for their removal and re-establish a ment is founded upon the knowledge wc have 0 gained of their character and habits, nnd has J been dictated by a spirit of enlarged liberality. . A territory exceeding in extent that relinquish -1 cd, lias been granted to cadi tribe. Os its cli -1 mate, fertility, and capacity to support an Indi -1 an population, the representations are highly | favorable. To those districts the Indians tiro , removed at the expense ot the United Stales ; i and, with certain supplies ot clothing, arms, 3 ammunition, and other indispensable articles, | they are also furnished gratuitously with pro , visions for tho period of a year after their arri • val at their new homes. In 'lint lime, from the nature of the country and nfthe products rais • ed by them, they can subsist themselves by ag ricultural labor, if they choose to resort to that I mode of life ; if they do not, they are upon the . skirts ol the great prairies, where countless • herds of buffalo roam, and a short, time suffices ' lo adapt their own habits to tho changes wit clt a change of the animals destined for thoir food , may require. Ample arrangements have also ; been made for tlie support ot schools, in some , instances council-houses and churches are lo he | erected, dwellings constructed for the chiefs, and mills for common use. Funds have been set apart for the maintenance of the poor; Ihe • most necessary mechanical arts have been in troduced, and blacksmiths, gunsmiths, wheel wrights, millwrights, &c. are supported among I them. Steel and iron, and sometimes salt, arc . purchased for tliem; and ploughs, and oilier s farming utensils, domestic animals, looms, spin j’ ning wheels, cards, &c. are presented to them. . And besides these beneficial arrangements, an . nutties are, in all cases, paid, amounting, in , some instances, to more than thirty dollars for I eacli individual of the tribe, and in all cases suf } ficiently great, if justly divided and prudently expended, to enable litem, in addition to their . own exertions-, to live comfortably. Ami as a . stimulous for exertion, it is now provided by law, that “ in all cases of the appointment of interpreters, or other persons employed for the , benefit of the Indians, a preference shall be given lo persons of Indian descent, if such can be found who are properly qualified lor tho dis charge of the duties.” Such are the arrangements for the physical comfort, and for the moral improvement of the Indians. The necessary measures for their po litical advancement, nnd for their separation i from - our citizens have not been neglected.— . The pledge of the United States has been gi«- i en by Congress, that the country destined for . tho residence of this people, shall be forever “se , cured and guarantied to them.” A country, i west of Missouri and Arkansas, has been as ■ signed to thorn, into which the white settle ments are not to he pushed. No political com i rnunities can be formed in Hint extensive region, , except those which are established by (lie In . dttms themselves, or by the United Stales for them, and Willi their concurrence. A barrier lias tints been raised for their protection against , the encroachments of our citizens, and guarding . the Indians, as far as possible, from those evils t winch have brought them to their present con i dition. Summary authority has been given, by ' law, to destroy ail ardent spirits found in their , country, without waiting the doubtful result and t slow process of a legal seizure. 1 consider the . absoiute and unconditional interdiction of litis 1 article, among those people, os tho first and t great step in their melioration. Half-way raea . sures will answer no purpose. These cannot 3 successfully contend against the cupidity of the t seller, and the overpowering appetite of the 1 buyer. And the destructive effects ot thelraf . sic are marked in every page of the history of 5 our Indian intercourse. 1 Some general legislation seems necessary t for the regulation of the relations which will t exist in litis new state of things between the t Government and people of the United States, 3 and these transplanted Indian tribes; anil for f the establishment among the latter, and with s their own consent, of some principles of inler . communication, which their juxtaposition will . call for; lhat moral may be substituted ‘hr i physical force; the authority of a lew and sim i pie laws, for the tomahawk ; and that an end . may be put to those bloody wars, whoso prose b cution seems to have made a part of their so . cial system. t After the further details of this arrangement - are completed, with a very general supervision i over them, they ought to be left to the progress It of events. These, I indulge the hope, will se - cure their prosperity and improvement, nnd a t) large portion of the moral debt wc owe tliem if will then bo paid. o The report from the Secretary of the Navy, r showing the condition of that branch of tho - public service, is recommended to your special i, attention. It appears from it, that our naval e force at present in commission, with all I lie ac e livity which can be given to it, is inadequate to r the protection of our rapidly increasing enm d nierce. This consideration, and the more go ir neral one which regards tits arm of the mt y tional defence as our best security against for t eign aggressions,strongly urge the continuance e of the measu es which promote its gradual on i- largement, nnd a speedy increase of the force y which has been heretofore employed abroad and i- at home. You will perceive from the estimates a which appear in the report of the Secretary of i- tho Navy, that the expenditures necessary to this mcrease'of its force, though of considera o hie amount, are small compared with the bene >f fits which they will secure to the country, e As a means of strengthening the national t arm, I also recommend lo your particular nt i- tention the propriety of the suggestion which o attracted the consideration of Congress at its I, last session, respecting the enlistment of boys ;- at a suitable age tn the service. In this inan s ncr a nursery ofskilfiil and able bodied seamen . I can be established, which will he of the greatest , \ importance. Next to the capacity to put afloat . i and arm tho requisite number of ships, is the j possession of tho means to trail them efficient . ly ; nnd nothing seems better calculated to aid . this object than tlie measure proposed. As an . auxiliary to the advantages derived from our . extensive commercial marine, it would furnish us with a resource ample enough for ail the ex ! tgencios which can be anticipated. Consider , ing the state ot our resources, it cannot be , doubted that whatever provision the liberality . and wisdom of Congress may now adopt, with r a view to the perfect organization of this branch , of our service, will meet the approbation of all . classes of our citizens. 'By the report of the Postmaster General, it appears that tho revenue of that department du . ring the year ending on the 30th day of June , last, exceeded Its accruing responsibilities . 8236,206; and that the surplus of the present r fiscal year is estimated at §470,227. It further appears that the debt ot the department, on the • Ist day of July last, including t lie amount due • lo emit factors for the quarter then just expired, was about $1,064,3ri1, exceeding the available means about $23,700 ; and that, oh the Ist itl stanl, about 8507.077 of this debt had been paid; 8400,901 out of postages accruing before . July, and 8137,Drift out of postages accruing i since. In these payments tiro included 807,- 000 of the old debt duo to banks. After making these payments, the depart incut had 873,000 m hank on the Ist instant. The pleasing assur ance is given, lhat the department is entirely free from embarrassment, and that, by collec tion of outstanding balances, nnd using the cur rent surplus, the remaining portion of the bank debt, am! most ot the other debt, will probably be paid in April next, leaving thereafter a heavy amount to be applied in extending the mail fa cilities of the country. Reserving n consider able sum for the improvement of existing mail routes, it is stated lhat the department will be able to sustain with perfect convenience an an nual charge of 8300,000 for the support of new routes, to commence as soon as they cun be es tablished and put in operation. Tito measures adopted by the Postmaster, General to bring the means of the department into action, and to effect a speedy extinguish ment of its deist, as well as to produce an effi cient administration of its affairs, will be found deluded at length in his aide and luminous re port. Aided by a reorganization of the princi ples suggested, and such salutary provisions in the laws regulating us administrative duties as the wisdom ofCongress may devise or approve, that important department will soon attain a de gree of usefulness proportioned lo the increase of our population and the extension ot our set tlements. Particular attention is solicited to that por tion of t lie report of the Postmaster General which relates to the carriage of the Mails of the United Slates upon railroads constructed by private corporations under the,authority of tho several Stales. The reliance which the Gene ral Government can place on these roads as a means of carrying on its operMtons, and the principles on which the use of litem is to be ob tained, cannot be 100 soon considered and sel . tied. Already does llie spirit of monopoly be gin to exhibit its natural propensities, In at tempts to exact from Hie public, for services which it supposes cannot be obtained on other terms, the most extravagant compensation. If these claims bo persisted in, the question may arise whether a combination of citizens, acting under chat ters of incorporation from tho States, can, by a direct refusal, or the demand of an exorbitant price, exclude tho United States from the use of the established channels of com munication between the different sections of the country; and whether the United Stales can not, without transcending their constitutional powers; secure to the Post Oliice Department the use of those roads, by an a;t of Congress which shall provide within itself some equitable mode of adjusting the amount of compensation. To obviate if possible, the necessity of consi dering this question, it is suggested whether it bo not expedient lo fix by law llie amounts which shall he offered to railroad companies for the conveyance of the mails, graduated accor ding to their average weight, to be ascertained and declared by the Postmaster General. It is probable lhat a liberal proposition of that sort would be accepted. lit connection with tiieso provisions in rela tion to tho Post Office Department, 1 must al so invito your attention to the painful excite ment produced in the South, by attempts to cir culate through the mails inflammatory appeals, addressed to the passions of the slaves, iu prints, and various sorts of publications, calculated lo stimulate tliem to insurrection, and to produce all the Itoirors of a servile war. There is, doubtless, no respectable portion of our coun , trymen who can lie so fir misled as to feel any other sentiment titan lhat of indignant regret a' conduct so destructive of tho harmony and peace of the country, nnd so repugnant to the principles of our national compact, nnd to the dictates of humanity and religion. Our happi ness and prosperity essentially depend upon pence within our borders—and peace depends upon the (maintenance, in good fa lit, of those compromises of the constitution upon which the Union is founded. It is fortunate for Hie country lhat the good sense, the geiibrons feel ing, and the deep-rooted attachment of the peo ple of'llie (toii-s aveliolding Stales to the Union, and to their fellow-citizens of the same blood in the South, have given so strong and impres sive a tone lo the sentiments entertained against the proceedings of tin; misguided persons who have engaged in these unconstitutional and wicked attempts, and especially against the emissaries from foreign part.-, who have da fed to interfere iu litis matter, ns to authorize the hope t hut those will no longer ho persisted in. But if these expressions of the public will shall , not be sufficient lo effect so desirable a result, : not n doubt can be entertained Hint the non slaveholding Stales, so fur from countenancing the slightest interference with the constitutional ■ rights of lho South, will be prompt to exercise i their authority in suppressing, so faras in them ■ lies, whatever is calculated to produce this evil lo leaving tho care of other branches of this • interesting subject, to the State authorities, to • whom they properly belong, it is nevertheless, i proper for ( ongress to lake sitcli measures as • will prevent lhe Post Office Department, which ; was designed to foster an amicable intercourse 1 ami correspondence between ali tho members i of the confederacy, from being Used as an in i' slrmnent of an opposite character. The gen i oral Government, to which the greatest trust is . confided, of preserving inviolate the relations - created among the Stales by the constitution, is especially bound to avoid, in its own action, 1 any tiling that may disturb them. 1 w ould there . fore call the special attention of Congress, to It the subject, and respectfully suggest the pro s priely of passing such a law as will prohibit, s under severe pi nalties, tiie circulation of incen . diary publications intended to instigate the n slaves to insurrection. 1 1 I felt it to be my duty, in the first message t which I communicated to Congress to urge e upon its attention the propriety of amending - that part of the constitution which provides for I Hie election of President and Vice President of t ( tho United States. . The leading object which r j I had iu view was the adoption of some new i I provisions-, which would secure to the people - the performance of this high duly, without any - intermediate agency. In my annual coinmu j ideations since, I have enforced the same views, / from a sincere conviction that the best interests t of the country would be promoted by their t j adoption. It the subject were an ordinary unc, I I should have regarded the failure of Congress to act upon it ns an indication of their judge t ment, that tho disadvantages which belong to • the present system were not so great as those ! which would result from any attainable subst - t lute that had been submitted to their consid t eration. Recollecting, however, lhat proposi r j lions to introduce a new feature in our ftmifa ; ' mental laws cannot be too patiently examined, > j and ought not to lie received with favor until , the great body of the people are thoroughly tut > pressed with their necessity and value, ns a . remedy for real evils, I feel that in renew.tig t the recommendation [ have heretofore uncle on • litis subject, I am not transcending the bounds i of a just deference to the sense ot Congress, . or to tin 3 disposition of the people. However r much we may differ in the choice of the mea t sures which should guide the admttiis ration of . the Government, there can be little doubt in Hie t minds of those who are really friendly to the . republican features of our system; that One of . its most important securities consists in the t separation of the Legislative and Executive r powers, at the same time that each is held re r sponsible to the great source of authority, . which is acknowledged lo bo supreme, in the . will of the people constitutionally expressed. 1 My experience and reflection satisfy me that the > framers of the constitution altho’ they wereanx . ions to mark this feature as a Fettled and fixed i principle in the structure of the Governicnt, . did not adopt all the precautions that wore ne cessary to secure its practical observance, and , that we cannot bo said to have carried into t effect their intentions until tho evils which . arise from litis organic defect are remedied. Con-'idoring the great extent of our Confed- I oracy, the rapid increase of us population, and . the diversity of their interests and pursuits, it ■ cannot be disguised lhat the fcftntiagency by i which one branch of the Legislature is to tbrm t itself into an electoral college, cannot become , one of ordinary occurrence, without producing . incalculable mischief. What was intended us ■ -tho medicine of the constitution in extreme . cases, cannot he frequently used without chang ing its character, and, sooner or Inter, pruduc . ing incurable disorder. 1 Every election by the House of Ueprcscnla > lives is calculated to lessen the force of that ; security winch :s deri ed from the distinct nnd j separate char. - f Hie Legislative and Rxe. . cutive functions, and, while it exposes each to , temptations adverse to their efficiency as or ■ gans of llto constitution «»d laws, its tendency . will bo lo unite both in resisting Hie will of the . People, and thus give a direction to Hie Gov ernment anti-repnblican and dangerous. All history tells us that, a free people should bn watchful of delegated power, and should never acquiesce in a practice which will diminish ' their control over it. This obligation so uni versal in its application to nil tho principles ot a republic, is peculiarly an in ours, where the formation nf parties founded on sectional in terests is so much fostered by tho extent of our i territory. These interests, represented liy can didates (or llto Presidency, are constantly prone, , in lite zeal of party nnd sellislt objects, lo gen erate influences unmindful of tho general good, and forgetful of tho restraints which the great , body ot the people would enforce, if they were, , in no coillingencyi to lose lite right of express i inir their will. The experience of our country, from lire formation of tire Government to the present day, demonstrates that the people enn , not 100 soon adopt some stronger safeguard for their right In elect the highest officer known 1.0 the Constitution, than is contained in that snered instrument as it now stands. It is my duly to call the particular attention ; of Congress lo tho present condition of the , District of Columbia. From whatever cause llto great depression lias arisen which now exists in tho pecuniary concerns of litis dis trict, it is proper that its situation should be fully understood, and such relief nr remedies provided os are consistent with tho powers of Congress. I earnestly recommend the exlen , sion of every political right lo the citizens of i the District which their true interests require, : and which does not conflict with tho provisions of the Constitution. It is helinvbd that the laws for the government of the Distinct require revisal nnd amendment, and that much good may be done by mqflifying the pettal code, so as to give uniformity to its provisions. Ynnr attcnt on is also invited to the defects ■ which exist in the Judicial system of the United States As at present organized, the Stales of the Union derive unequal advantages from the Federal Judiciary, which have been so often i pointed nut that 1 deem it unnecessary to re peat litem here. It is hoped that the present ■ Congress w.ll extend lo all lite States that equality in respect to the benefits of the laws of, Ihe Union which can only he secured by the , uniformity and efficiency of tho Judicial system. Willi these observations on llto topics of , general interest which arn deemed worthy of , your consideration, I leave them to your care, i trusting that the legislative men sures they call for will be met as (lie wants nnd (he best inter i est of our beloved country demand. ANDREW JACKSON. Washington, 7 th December, 1535. ———ii laiimar-Tam.i,. umt— mnmrssammmmm*m GEORGIA LEGISLATIRE. i Sexxte, Dec. B,—The Resolution offered by Mr. OuATtn, to require the Governor to appoint competent Commissioners to survey, mark out, and make passable, a rood from Burnt Stand, in i Lumpkin county, tlirounh Gilmer county, to the Tennessee line, near McNairs and pay the cx i penses thereof out of the funds of the State, was taken up and agreed to. , Tho Report of the Committee, to whom was i referred the memorial of citizens of Habersham i county, relative to the contemplated Ohia Rail : Road, was taken up and agreed to, together with i tho Resolutions annexed, approving of that pro ject, and instructing the Governor to employ an Engineer of character and ability, to examine the , passes through the Alleghany mountains, on the , Northern boundary of the Slate, with the view of ! bringing said Rail Road through Georgia, and pay the expenses out of the contingent fund— ’ and also to send copies of the Report and resolu tions lo the Governors of 8. Carolina, N. Carolina, ’ Tennessee, Alabama, and Ohio, and the mu nicipal aullisrities of Charleston, Columbia, and 1 Cincinnati!. ’ Mr. Powr.it. reported a bill to keep open Flint River, Are. which was read the firct time. 5 The reconsidered bill to give Banking privilo -3 gos to tho Central Rail Road Company, was r made the order of the day for Thursday next, r Bills' Passed —lo incorporate the Columbus In f surnnee Company—lo authorize tho Justices of the Inferior Court of Paulding county, lo select t the county site of that county —to add a part of , Jones county to Bibb—lo authorize the Com ; missfoners Os Biunswiek and Frederica to sell 300 acres of the Town common of Brunswick— to relieve W. S. Dunn and W. VV. Hardwick of J Columbia county —and to incorporate sundry Churches. Bills rejected —to add parts of Carroll and ’ Campbell to Cobb and Paulding, nnd form a new * county tberofront—to incorporate tho Dnliloncga " and Auracallola Turnpike Company—to autho -3 rizo grants to he isslted for certain Lots amt “ Fra lions forfeited, and ordcied to be sold by the ■ Central Batik—and to regulate the pay of mem ■ hers of the Legislature. ■ Sbxatk, Dee. 9. — Mr. Wood of Mclntosh, ■ offered a Resolution, calling on die people to tlo , chare by ballot at the next election, whether they 1 approve or disapprove of giving Banking privi ■ leges to Rail Roads; which was laid on the table t for the presen'. r The reconsidered bill to drive the Cherokee i Indians from the remount of their lands allotted ) to their use, on the Ist of March next, was taken p up, and Mr. I, iM a a moved to lay it on the table f for the remainder of the session, which was de . tided in tins negative—yeas 30, nays 48 —and, f oil ntotion of Mr. McAlustuh, it was recoin , milted to a cO'itmitltiß Os tho who'e. , Mr. McAiuaTKn, from the Joint Committee * ort that subject, reported a bill lo establish nod , organise a Court for the Correction of Errors; j which was read the first time, ami 200 copies were ordered to be printed. Mr. McAilistkii, from tlie'Joiril Committee | appointed to consider tho practicability and utili ty of saving the swamp lands on the Savannah River, from inundation, by means of embank ments or otherwise, made a report favorable there ’ to, which was toad, and 000 copies were ordcied I to he printed, i The bill lo incorporate the Gwinnett Manual * Labor School was read the third lime and Jmsaed. I Horse, Dec. 9.—Mr. DAVtaof Elbert moved > to reconsider so much of the Journal of yesterday, i as relates to the passage of the bill to give Bunk ing privileges lotho Georgia Rail Road company; . which, after considerable discussion, on the part I of Messrs. Davis of Elbert, Douohktitv, Moore I of Clark, Hm of Jasper, Kauris of Newton, / Black ol’Scrvieii, nnd Bates, in favor of it, and i Messrs. Bornes, Kenan, Gordon of Chatham, > CtAtTitX, Janes, ami Shaw, against it, was dc r cided in the negative—yeas 72, nays 80; j Mr. Black of Sciiveti, from the Joint commit , tee appointed to examine into the ulilily and practicability of saving tho swamp lands on Sa vannah river from inundation, &c. made a report favorable thereto; which was laid on the table for the present, and 200 copies were ordered to be ’ printed. j Bills wcic reported, by Mr. Nightingale, to 1 establish a road from Centieville, in Camden coun * ty, to tile Florida line—ami, by Afr. AtcDoNALU, * to incorporate the Flint nnd Obattuboochiu Kail ’ Road company; which were severally read the 1 first time, ■ The leeonsidcred bill to relievo Samuel Buf fing-ton from his liability as security for tile ap pearance of Jus. A. Tippen, accused of forgery j and absconded, was fmssei/. The hill lo provide a fund for the use nnd ben efit of the Medical College of Geoigia, was taken up, and Mr. Seni.fy ollcrcd’ a substitute therefor, authorizing the Medical College lo subscribe for the 1000 Shares of the new stock of the Augus ta Bank, set apart, according to the law author izing the increase of stock, lor the Stale, if it should choose to subscribe for it; which was re ceived in lien of the original, and pasted —yca> 92, nays 48. Mr. Bates offered it rbsdlulioil to adjoino tine die on the 19 h inst.; wliieu was adopted. The lull to provide for the payment by the Slate, of the costs on prosecutions of Indians, was passed. On motion of Mr. MassenoAle, tho Gover nor was insliuctcd lo pay to lite Justices of the Inferior Court of Columbia county, the dividends due that county from tho Poor School Fund, loi the years 1835 and ’6. Agreeably to a Resolution of yesterday, the members of the Senate joined those of the House, in the Representatives’ Chamber, and proceeded with them to the election of a Solicitor General for the Southern Circuit, in the place of Robert A. Evans, resigned; and William W. Wiiioins of Twiggs county, (recently of Burke,) was elected, without opposition. 'Flic following are tho yeas and nays on the passage of the bill yesterday to amend the nel incorporating Hie Georgia Rail Road and Blinking Company, and give Banking privileges to that Company, as omitted in our report of yesterday sot lite House: Yeas —Messrs. Ada’r, Ash, Baker, Bonner, Bowen, Bryant, Bryson, Burnett. Burnes, Bur ney, Byrd, Calhoun, Camp of Henry, Camp of Randolph, Candler, Carr, Carson, Clark of Cam deli, Coffee, Colbert, Dennard, Diamond, Dis roukes, Dobbs, Duncan, Dunham, Espy, Gordon of Chatham, Gray, Harris of Wash nglon, Harri son of Carrol, Harrison ol Franklin, Hatcher, Holcombe, Houston, Howell. Johnson, Kelly of Houston, Kelly of Rabun, Kenan, Ring, Land rum, of Fayette, Lawslie. Lewis of donee, Lump-, kin, Miller, Mitchell, I’euiicost. I'ellil, Phillips, Pitthan, Rhodes, Rivers, Robison of Jasper, Robi son of Washington, Hanford, Shaw, Shirk. Smith of Coweta, Smith of Huhersliitiu, Stallings, Stroud, . Tanner, Tarver, Towns. Welborn Wliiio, Whit . field, Wilkinson, ami W.lliam-—7l. Nats—Messrs. Barron, Bales, Bivins. Black of Monroe, Black of Se.rhen, Blarksliciir; 80l on, Bradford, Bracewcll, Brown, Burton, Chandler, Clark of Hall, Clayton, Craft, Curry, Davis of Eilicit, Dougherty, Drew, Easley. Engrarn, Ez zard, Flournoy, Green, Gunby, Hall, Hamilton, Harkncss. Harris of Newton, Harris of Butnarn, Harris of Wancß,Hayos, Henry, HiU of Jasper, Hilliard, llul hard, Hudson, Ingrain. Janes, Lund rum of Oglethorpe, Leonard, Lewis of Troup, Lockhart, Loyall, Luckic, Marlin, Mas-engale, Mays, McCoy, McCray, McCurry, McDonald, McKinley, Mcrriwclher, Moore of Clark. Moore of Talliafcrro, Nightingale, Ramlm, licid, Reynolds, Schley, Sharpe, Smith of Hancock, Strickland, Vanlandingbam, Vinson, Wright of (Jolutniiia, Wright of Lincoln, and Young—o 9. Senate, Thursday, Dec. 10.— Tltc liesolution ! laid oh tho table by Mr. Swain, to adjourn tine' die on the 19tli inst. wai taken up and agreed to. The resolution laid n the table bv Mr. Wood, , of Mclntosh, calling upon tho people to declare I their sentiments on the subject of giving Banking privileges lo Rail Road companies, by wriling on I their ballots at the next general election, “ Inter na! Improvement by Banks," or “ Hanks," was taken up, and rejected —yeas 32, nays 33 as follows: Yeas —Messrs. Alford, Barker, Blackman, Brown, Burkballer, Chastain, Dunagan, Echols of Coweta, Floyd, Gonder, Gordon, Heard, Hemp hill, Holmes, King of Glynn, Lamar, Lawhon, Lawson, Leggett. McCall, McDaniel. McDonald, Nelms, Paulk, Pike, Rogers, Sheffield, Surroncy, Swain, Taylor, White, and Wood of Mclntosh— -1 32 -I Nats—Messrs. Bober, Baker, Boggfcss, Clay- f b ton, Cone, Cooper, Crowell, Dawson, Freeman, I Graham, Harden, Harris, Heinmingway, Hines, ' * Holloway, Hutchins, Kellum, King of Fayette, f Mays, McAllister, Mitchell, Ncshit, dhnrr, Pdl t terson, Powell, Powers, Reese, Ri\era, Robison, f Rutherford, Saflbld, Scarborough, Seller*, Sentell, - Smith, Stapleton, Steelman, Walthour, end Willis 1 —39. - j Tho bill lo amend the act incorporating the f Central Kail Road Company, and give Banking i privileges to that company, &c. was taken up nnd amended, so ns to prevent the increase of I its capital over three millions—to prevent it from v holding more real estate than is necessary for the n Rail Hoad, and Bunking houses mid lots, and to - secure the payment of its just claim! —and to I prevent the establishment ot n Branch in any in- 1 » corporal ed Town or City, where a major ily of . the citizens arc opposed to it.—Amendments i were ottered, (and rejected) by Mr HutuKn , roiln, ti) give Banking privileges to Hail Hoad . companies gehcrally, in common, yeas 16, nays r f>2—by Mr. Dunagan, to restrict tho I onipany from issuing any Rank note under (wehty dollar| * yeas 10, nays GO—by Mr. Hkkbk, to prevent 1 the use, for Banking purposes, of the whole j * amount of the instalments which the slock- I I holders may choose lo pay in advance of a j i call; so that the whole capital ol three mil-1 j lions, (except the first inrtalmfent of $250 CUO ‘ . I > the Rail Ruud.) if paid ri at drtce, might , not, as now, lie devoted to Dunking purpo ■ ses, tilt wauled (or the Rail Road; yeas 34, ' | tinys49—by Mr D»wso.v, (o strikeout (he word I > “three, '* as the inimher of Branches authorized, I lin the-<th section, yeas 39. nays 45—by Mr. CJdii- i ; nos, to make the failure or refusal to pay its Bank notes in specie, ii forfeiture of its charter, yeas 31, nays 52—by Mr. RuTiiKiironn, to pro i vent the appraisers of the loss or damage which . may occur to the riwilers of land through which i the Rail Hoad may pass, from app aisihgthe ben ■ efrt and advantage, also, lo such land owtierd, df ■ the erection of the Hood, and lire excess of the , j former, over the latter, yeas 33, nays 60—by Mr, Woon of Mclntosh, to strike out “twenty live’* ] (the number of years for the extension of the ( . charter, over and above the eight years allowed I fur the completion nf the Rail Road,) from the , 23rd section, with tho view of inserting “ten . yeas 30, nays 56—and by Mr. Wood of Mcln ; tosh, to retain in the Legislature, (ho right and i power of controling the charter in future, us it e may deem host for the interest of the State, yeas f 41, nays 46.—After which, the bill was passed — J yeas 49, nays 38—us follows: , Yeas—Messrs. Baber, Baker, Boggcss, Brown, . Chastain, Clayton, Cone, Cooper, CrdVvell, Hch ols of Coweta, Faria, Freeman, Graham, Harden, ( Harris, Heinmingway, Hemphill, Hepburn, Hines, Holloway, Holmes, Hutchins, King of Fayette, Liddell, Little, Mays, McCall, McAllis ter, Mct'onnell, Mitchell, Mosely, Murray,O mrr, Pit erstm, Polk, Powell, Powers, Rivers, U»»bi i son, Hatt’old, Scaiborougb, Betters, Senbdl, Smith, Steelman, Swain, Walthall, Walthour, and Wil j lis —49. - Nats —Messrs. Alford. A vary, Darker, Black , man, liurkhttlter, Cochran, Cowart, Daws-m, I Dunagan. Floyd. Gonder, Gordon, Hoard, Kcl -3 luhi. King ol Glynn, Lunar, Lawhon, Lawson, Leggett, McAfee, McDaniel, McDonnell, McClen - non, Nelms, Newman, Ncshit, Paulk, Pike, . House, Rogers, Rutherford, Shellield, Stapleton, ’ Murroncy, Taylor, Walker, While, and Wood of Mclntosh—3B. [Wc recommend the reader to compare the above Yeas, for the creation of this new “ Bank Monster,” with the Nays, against tho Resolution of Mr. Wooi),lo subii.it tho question to the opi nion and decision of the people. The former may well he afraid of the opinion nnd decision of (he people, on this question, hut they cannot and j shall not suppress or silence it hereafter, however t ippoacd they may ho to an appeal to it; attd wc i mistake much if it he not heard, before long, in a von c that may well make them tremble. We| c believe that if the people are more deeply pruju- 1 c diced agaiti&t any otic tiling mure than another, e nis Banks. Wherever we have heard them ! t speak ot it, throughout the Slate, we have found J tlrcirt ho ; and yet, iiotwiliis aiidiug all this, and { without consulting them on the subject, their Re- H prcsentulivfcH are How proceeding Jo impose upon j them two more Banks, in a new and more odious ( and dangerous shape, with nearly one-fourth more r capital than all the Banks now cxbling in lire i Stale—beside several other Bunks, now in pro gress, and which will probably be passed ! Is ( not this monstrous ? We have seen and lament- l ed many outrages on the rights and liberties of } die people, hut really this out-Herod’s them ull! | \ Even the Yazoo act was scarcely a greater One, tls j i we bliiill shew, when we have limb; For the cor- r uption of it, who can doubt that there is equal cor- , rupiion in this, albeit it cannot yet be provbd. Is it i not evidently the result of u bavgain between the j two companies, and tllbir respective friends'! Have I j we rn>t seen that tho Savannah scheme, alter 1 ; passing the House, was defeated in the Senate ( till rti friends in the House look up and advoca- j y led the Athens scheme, and forced it through the p ; House, alter dark, and amid the utmost confusion t and excitements—and that its opponeiiui, the ud- | voentes of the Alliens scheme, then supported it, t and thereby elfcclcd the pa. stige of it 1 Is-there f nothing bigniircant in this! Ami will the people R tarnc.y sub.ml to it 1 Wu trust in God. nut! and n that they will rise in their majesty, and declare, v in their primary assemblies, their decided opinion, h and most determined opposition lo the dungeious monopolies in question;] j liuosK, Dec. 10.—Mr. Donnbh, moved to re- • f consider ho much ol the Journal ot yesterday, as ro.u'es to the passage ut the hill lo uulhotize lire , Medical College «l Georgia to subacute lor Ino { lUUu mmiOs ui slock in Hie Augusta B.mk, set j apa t loi me Siutb; which was decided in the no- t gaiive—yeas SV, na h 62. j he icccmsiutied bill lo incorpoiato the Bank of Geor o i-i, ui M tlcdtrcville, with power to In (Hire, was hi ken up arid alter being amended, * ut the instance ot me in .ver, ho us to ciiange mo name to that ol the bunk ot MilleJgevilie, reduce b its capital stock from one to halt u million, &c. * was passed—yeas 7V, mays 68. The Reports of the majority and minority of the Committee on tno Crock depiedalions, were c taken up; and made the order of the day for Tuos- h day next, with the exception of the Resolutions v accoinj unying them—instructing the Governor 11 to send arms lo the militia tfttici r. 4 in the invaded . section, and order them to cull out a sufficient pur- n lion Ol their force lo repel the invasion and pro- ( _ tect the citizens; nnd provid hg lor the payment | I lof th expense thereof out of the Treasury ;■ y ! which were adopted :— and the bill also, reported, | v . to prohibit the Crvek Indians from coming into j the Stale, and punish those who may employ them c when they come, which was discussed, without t i any final action lor neatly the whole of tho ro t | muindor of the silting. ! A Message was received from the Governor, ] staling lhat he had received a Communication < from Col. Win. M. Bishop, Commander of the j Cherokee Gnaid, informing liim, that on his re- i turn from Mitlcdgevillc lo Spring Place, in Nov. 1 la it, he found John Russ and John Howard - i’aync, in the custody of the Guard, who found them examining and writing papers suspected of r dome design against the Government, and that t those pape s, though containing indiscreet and , improper statements iu relation lo th© President, . tho Federal and Statu Governments ami Agents, 1 the O'lsrl, A'-, and many bitter remark * concern I Ing thb Cherokee matters, he had finally conclu , tied were not of such a nature as to Justify their being bound out to Court, and had, therefore, af ter keeping them a few days, discharged them ; that the order ho (the Governor)had issued, to continue the Guilui till the Ist of January, from some cause unknown, had not reached Col. Bish op, who therefore disbanded it on the Ist instant, except a few men to aid Col. Nelson in discharg ing his duties, and ialto enfe of the arms, ammu nition, provisions, Ac. until the will of the Legis lature could bo known ; and ordered tire others to assemble on the 20th inst., to receive their pay, and rc-cnlist, if the Guard should be continued; that on bearing the rumors alloat respecting the arrest of Payne, ho, (the Governor,) . despatched a confidential agent to esquire into that I and other matters connected with the Guard, from whom Ire bad not yet heard—and that Col. Bishop had resigned ns commander of tire Guntd, and also ns certifying agent—which was referred td tire committee on tire subject of the Cherokee Guard. Bills were reported, by Mr. Wood, from the I Military committee, to provide for the hotter of ! ganiziilion of the office of Adjutant General, Ac. | —and by Mr. Blackbiikaii, lo improve and icn* ' d' r navigable the Withloofchee river, in Jjowndes I eennly ; which were severally read the first time. Senate, Lee. 11.—Mr. Habiien reported a hill to amend tiro act of 18C6, to provide for the I better selection of G ai d and Pettit Jurors, so far , as relates to the counties organized from the Chbr | okoe territory, Mr. I'auis bid on the table a resolution, to ' ptoviilo for the erection Ac. of Academics for 1 poor Child en. in the Cherokee counties. The reconsidered bill to drive the Chcrokoes | from the remnant of their lands allotted to their use, on the Ist March hext, was taken up, and Mr. Hadden offered a substitute, extending the time to Nov. 26th, 1830, which was received, and passed —yetts 42, hays 33; The hill to organize b Court for the correction of errors was redd the first time, and a motion, by Mr. Swain, to by lion the table till the 4th July next, was rejected—yeas 18, nays 44, and was their rniidc the order of the day fur Monday next. House. Dec. 11.—Tile bill lb preventthe Creek Indians from coming into the Stale, and while persons from employing them, was taken up, and Mr. Ker.LT of Houston offered a substitute, tri much the same effect, but ditfering somewhat in the details; which was received and pasted— yeas 83, nays Gt. 'The hill from Senate to drive the Cherokee Indians altogether from their lands, was read the first lime. The bill lo appropriate —■ dollars for the erection of a causeway over Briar Creek, in Scri von Calmly, was taken up on motion of Mr; li lack, ahd the blank filled with $ 1,500, alter re jection of a motion lb insert $2,000 ; and lire bill was passed —yeas 79, nays GO. The amendments ol the Senate to the bill of the House, to give Hanking privileges to the Central Kail Road Company, Ac. was taken up, and Mr. IJounrtmiTt moved an amendment, to retain in the Legislature, the right to arrest nr suspend the charter. Mr. Black of Serivcn offer ed an amendment to the amendment, providing that such right should not be exereised, unless it lie made to appear that said charter hag been violated ; wl ich was accepted by Mr. Douoiieb rr, and the amendment, ns amended, was reject ed—yeas 01, nays 87—after considerable discus sion on the port of Messrs. Duummirr, HaiihiS of Newton, Schley, Hudson, Bates, Black bis Striven, Hill of Jasper, and Floubnot, in fa vor of it, and Messrs. Goiidon of Chatham; Mileen, and Kenan, against it The bill was then pissed pver for the present, A resolution Was offered by Mr.———, and adopted, tnproe cd, on Monday next, to the elec tion of Directors, on tire part of the State, in tho Augusta, Stale, Darien, and Planters Banks. In nur report of the proceedings of the House, on Wednesday, the 9lh, we staled the Resolution offered, to adjourn on the 19th instant, was adopt ed’, which Was an error, it having been laid on the table, but not taken up, a Senate, Dec. 12. The Resolution reported by Mr Reese, from the select committee on the subject, to appropriate $16,000 te erect and fur nish a new Government house, for tho residence ot tho Governor, and appoint a committer; to car ry the same into effect, was taken up and dgfeud to. 'fire hill from the House, to appropriate $lO,- 000 for the improvement of !■ lint river, was taken up. and amendments were oficred and adapted, by Mr. Ki no of Glynn, to appropriate $5,000 for the improvement ill the Great Satilla river, yeas 48, nays 21— and by Mr. Hines, to appropriate $5,000 for the improvement of thq Canoucheo ri ver, below Tillman’s Ferry, yeas 38, nays 29. Ollier amendments were oficred, and rejected, by Mr. Hca’;tlonntrnH, lo appropriate $2,000, for the improvement of Ilia Oekloeknoy river, yeas 29, nays 42 —by Mr. SunnnENCT, $5,000, for the Oiroopic, yeas 30, nays 40 —and by Mr. Fuee m an, $5,000. for the Tugalo river, yeas 27, nays 38, After which, the bill was passed, yb4s 40, nays 28. jl ;USE, Dee. 12. The reconsidered resolution, to purchase 3000 copies of Messrs. Greene and Lumpkin’s new “Georgia Justice,” at $3 each, and send them to the various county officers through out the Stale, was taken up. and Mr. Bates mo ved to strike out $3 for thb purpose of inserting a smaller sum ; which was rejected, arid tho resolu tion adapted—yean 93. nays 44. Mr. Meiiiiiwetheb, from the Judiciary com mittee, reported resolutions, to compensate Messrs. Gordon and Cone, for their services ns counsel, against the Men bants and Planters Bank, and de claring that the Farmer’s Bank of Chattahoochee had not forfeited its charter, and recommending that no proceedings should bo talteii against it; which wore laid on the (able. The bill to incorporate the Planters Bank of Columbus, for 30 years, with a capital of s6od,- Otll), nml authorize it to hold real estate tG any amount, ami establish two Blanches, wls taken up, advocated by Messrs. Calhoun arid HuusoHj arid rejected —yeas 49, iiayg 91. Tire bill to organize a Court for the cortection of errors, Ac., reported by Mr. Gordon of Chat ham, from tiro Joint Committee on tho subject, was made the order of the day for Wednesday next. Bills patted —to authorize certain persons of non-age, therein named, to plead and practice law —to organize a now county, under the name of Flint, from the counties of Marion Ind Houston, yeas 73, nays 00—lo establish a vaiinah rivtr, opposite Savannah— -2d section of the act of ’32, making Banks and other corporations subject to garnishment—and to appropriate $ 10,000, for tho improvement of the Ocinulgce river, yeas 61, nays 50. The bill to arnchd tho charter of the Bank of Hawkinsville, so as to authorize the Stockholders or Directors, if the stock is increased, as contem plated and authorized, to effect it in such « man ner ns they may choose, and lo establish two Branches, win taken up, amended, and rejected —yeas 44, nays 84. Mr. Dunham, from the committceon Banks, made a report, favorable to lire several Banka in the Stale ; which was read arid agreed to. ■Wi 11 m LAW BIrA.\KS Veatl) rveen'ed hi Hits Offlw*