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teas, v Lounuzna included any of the territory to the west of the Rocky mountain*.. In an rite dunj^ilet written by Mr. FaJeotoeT, an extract from the inctructions of Lonin the Fourteenth to Mcwlfct Croxtt- is given, and from these inetraetiocs it dees not appear that Louisiana extended at that period bo Outs the Bock; mountains—it extended to the countries washed hy do; and 9 the Mississippi, the Missouri and the Ohio; r.as placed under the authority of the French gov ernor of Canada. That is the description given by Louis the Fourteenth in his instructions) and it does not appear from them that Louisiana comprised any territory extending beyond the Rocky mountains, nor docs the treaty of 1763, either in express terms or by implication refer to any place beyond the Rocky toonatains. (Hear, hear.] Now as the first half of thi* paragraph is reported somewhat differently mother London journals, we have no disposition to render Lord John Russell re sponsible for the munenms mistakes which he ie here represented as having made, with regard to the terri tories assigned to England and France respectively, by the treaty of Paris, ft is indeed possible, that m the early part of the negocistkm between the Duke of Bedford and the Doe de Qioisesl, there nay hare been diseusaioos as to the line of separation between Canada, which had been conquered by Great Britain, and Loistana, of which Fiance still remained in pos session; bat the treaty of Paris makes no allusion to such boundaries. By that treaty, France surrender ed to Great Britain all her possessions east of a line drawn along the Mississippi, from its source to the river Iberville, anddown the latter stream, and the takes Maurepas and Pontchatrain, to the sea; which !ir.e,wn»“irrevocably fixed” as “the confines be tween tho dominions of his Britanic majesty, and Ihosc of his most Christian Majesty in that part of the world;” without regard to the question whether any of the territories thus ceded had previously be longed to Canada or to Louisiana. . Nor is there any dedtho QQctttkio ot the treaty of1803, by which the Ui qaired LawM from France; and 1 sell’s remarks clearly tndicsle that he. the same light. - Now, itis scarrely necessary to say that no inch stipulations or any thing like them, are to he found in the Louisiana treaty; in which wo all .know that the only weeds' respecting the limits at the tern- ceded to the United States are “ the colony or ment ion of, or allusion to, “ any district between the ' i,” In the treaty. ~ put bo desired, covered with every variety of but they arc;also more will last longer without tory ci province of Lousiana with the extent that it now has in the hands of Spain, and that it had when France possessed it, and such as it should be after the treaties subsequently entered into between Spain and other States,” and that no further description of the limits could ever he obtained from the French government Yet, upon this assumption, Mr Falconer endeavors, in many pages of his pamphlet to prove the medita ted bad faith of the American government, in thus according to his views, causing a stipulation lobe in serted in the treaty with Fiance in 1803 with the ex press object of appropriating to itself a territory bor dering on the Pacific, to which it had no just chum. Whether these representations, made by Falconer, and sustained by Lord John Russell, proceeded from ignorance, or from predetermination, we are not au thorized to express an opinion. They should, how ever, render our fellow-citizens more cautious in ad- mitting, as decisive, what proceeds from the British government, than the 'observations of many of our * u:_ • .i. j_i s_ than the pine productive, manure. . ^ t The health ofth? country, haa been fre quently and greatly misrepresented. We have, now resides here neatly! nine years, and state from our own observation, and the concurrent testimony of those who arc living in the neighborhood around us, that no new country' of equal fertility has en joyed a greater exemption from disease and death public journals upon this debate appear to indicate.— We are, and will pro' ' * * rotaly tong be, on some subjects, biased in our views, and opinions by those received from England. We cannot refuse respect; to. what proceeds from the countrymen of Shakspearc, Bacon, Newton, Scott, and, we may add, of Brougham and Maccauiay; but that which we willingly yield in matters ol lit Mississippi and the Iroqnoi*,” m the treaty. On the day of the signature of the preliminaries to this trea ty, Fiance ceded to Spain all tho territory left to her in North America: that is to say, all that portion of tho continent, then called Louisiana, which extended westward from the Mississippi ami the Iberville, to a distance undefined at the time, as the regions beyond the vicinity of the great rivers still remained unex plored.' This will serve to explain what Lord John llusscll seems not to have himself clearly understood, from the’tenns need by him in the first paragraph above quoted. The noble speaker seems also to have a very indistinct idea of the geography of the country, when he says that from the instructions (meaning probably, tlio charter) of Louis XIV to Crozat, “ it dues not appear that Louisiana extended to the Rocky mountainswhile he, at the same time admits that it “ extended to the countries washed by the Missis sippi, the Missouri, and the Ohio.” That Louisiana - was placed under the authority of the French gen eral govern of Canada” in 1763 or at any time alter 1717, is tho repetition of a misstatement made by the British writers alter the conquest of Canada, in order to favor the claim of that nation to the whole regions of tho Ohio, the Mississippi, and the Missouri, then ,-oinmnnly called the Illinois, as embraced within the limits of the coquered province. As to the question whether Louisiana included any territory west of the Rocky mountains, the American itcrature or science must be given with more circumspection, when the great interests of our notion are concerned. To conclude with regordto tho claim of the United States to Oregon, founded on tbo possession of Lou isiana, we conceive that we have placed it in the pro per light. For ourselves as humble citizens of the re public, wc conceive that our government cannot safe ly withdraw this claim, unless Great Britain with draws her pretentions: founded on tho supposed con tinuation westward, of the Hudson’s Bay territories or Canada. THE PATRIOT. WEDNESDAY, MAY 21, 1845. Notice. . IT The Sheriff’s Sales of Baker County will hereafter be published in the “ Albany Patriot.” GEORGE W. COLLIER, Sheriff. April 30th, 1845. 53* An article relative to the Ocmulgcc and Flint Rail Road, published in tlie-Ap alachicola Advertiser, of the 12th inst, will receive our attention next week. g jvcrnmcnt at first, made no expression of its views. nf ‘ " ~ “ 8ut when the British Govcrnme.it attempted to cx- fend its sovereignty westward, over the northern part if not the whole of Oregon, denying to the United States any rights beyond the Rocky mountains, and e ven endeavoring to restrain them within limits far ther eastward, the American Government maintain- ,«1 its rights on the same ground of continuity to ex tend the sovereignty of the republic westward to the I’aeifie. If the possession of Great Britain, in virtue of tlio charter to her Hudson's Bay Company, of the territories drained by streams edtering the lay, is to entitle her to those adjoining beyond the Rocky moun tains, then, by the same rme.tne United States shall possess the regions adjoining Louisiana on the west, " ’ ■ t dir - ' ' ' ' ' as far in that direction os the British claim extends. This is what the United States demanded; and can any just objection be made to the demand? The British government refuses to assent to the proffered extension of the boundary west of tho Rocky moun tains; and call* on the United States to produce their proof that Louisiana embraced tho countries farther west, without advancing any evidence a-liatsoevcr in support of her own claims on similar grounds. On t' i the same point, in another place, Lord John Russell says: “ But there arc other transactions upon which the committee of the House of Representatives have founded some claims, and which I think are not valid to sustain those claims. It uppers that they had sur rendered by France, in 1803, by the session of Lou isiana, all the rights which France possessed with respect to Louisiana; and subscqnsnuy be the treaty of 1819, when the Floridos were given to the United .Slates; they had the cession of the claims of Spain. But unless the rights of France and Spain extended over these countries, it is manifest that no cession of this kind could convey a title from those who did not possess countries to whom it was pretended they belonged. [Hear, hear.] Itis stated in a pamph let which I have here, and which is an American publication, that the purchase of Louisiana included all the lands on the east side of tbo Mississippi not then belonging to the United states, as far as the great chain of mountains which divide- the waters running into the Pacific and those foiling into the Atlantic ocean; and from tho said chain to the Pa cific ocean between tlio territory claimed by Great Britain on the one side, and Spain on the other. To this I say that unless Louisiana did include any part of that territory to the west of the Rocky mountains, them can be no valid claim. Ijoub-iana never did in clude such a territory, and therefore this article is useless. But suppose it were a valid article: it growtl^ These lands arp moro diffi- to clear a*<L jwcpareLfor .cultivation, ficc, when their country's intetest can bo better subserved by,another.”! !! unreflecting as-: would only give them the territory between what was claimed by Great"" t Britain on the one side, and by •Npain cm the other. It does not say * to what Great Britain has made good her claim, or which is ac knowledged to he ben, but only that part which is claimed, by Great Britain.”* Wo suspect his lordship, or the reporter of his speech, to be mistaken as to the origin of the Pamph let to which he refers. It was mast probably hot an American publication, but the same pamphlet on “ the Oregon Question,” by Mr Falconer, on which he bestows such high conmtcmhtioii. In that pamph let we find thefc words: “In 1803, with the consent of Bonaparte,.then Bint Consul, Inufeihra was sold to the United states , for eleven millions of dollars. The purchase in cluded til lands ‘on the cast of the Mississippi river,' fro as to include New Orleans,] not then tefongmg to the United States, as for as the great chain of mountains which dirule the waters running into the Pacific and those foiling into the Atlantic ocean; and from the said chain of mountains to the ' Pacific dccan, between the territory claimed by Great Britain on tEeooe side,and bv Snam an the other.’— (•History of the Federal Government,* by Aldra Bradford, LLD. editor of the Massachusetts State Paper*: Boston, 1840, P. 130.) No point was men tioned where the line in the chain of mountains Was to commence, nor where the tract of land hy, forming —, lying between the territory Great Britain. France had but what constituted Louisiana after *! to Great Britain in 1763. There , inserted in this treaty of rale, a , rownmoo iq a perfectly undefined lino to the Pacific, ^'ffoodefinedpointpf commencement, and refer- _ »territory having no definable boundaries eb r at> tl» norther the south, or on the east.” 'nxn the latter, and from many other observations to hfa pamphlet, Mr. EWcohier snows that he refar- rruetC Eniigration--Sontli-Western Georgia. The country bordering upon the Flint River, is the ino6t fertile which wc have ever seen, compared with its general ap pearance, and presents many advantages to all classes of emigrants,'who.wish to cultivate the soil.’ Not the least of' these to the poor man, and those of small pecu niary means is the low price of lands, and the case with which they arc put in culti vation. Good pine land may he purchased at one dollar per. acre, the produce of which would astonish those who were not previ ously acquainted with their productiveness. These lands, arc generally covered with a luxuricnt growth of broad blade grass, and nrc free from undergrowth, so that they may be used for pasture, or they may be broken up by the plow for cultivation, at the rate of one acre per -day, by a single horse, with no other previous preparation than the belling of tbc trees, and the bur ning of any timber which may have fallen upon the ground. Land prepared in this manner, in the summer or fall, will produce a good crop llic next year. Timber is plenty, of the best kind for fencing and for building log houses, which may be done without the expenditure of a dollar in money. Cattle, bogs and sheep do well through the year, with no other food than that which they obtain m the woods, from the spontaneous bounties of nature. Wc have conversed with several large stock owners who agree that cattle in tho “range,” will pay by their increase, a profit of from 20 to 30 per cent. These lands lie sufficiently level, arc easily cultivated,, and produce every varie ty of grain and roots in common use, bc- The two Conventions. From every part of the Stole, wo hear the busy bum of preparation for the Demo cratic Convention, in June; many of the counties have already appointed their Del egated. Those which have not;’shou)d be up and doing immediately; let no county neglect tills great duly, which they owe to themselves, their State, and to Democracy. There should be. a full; expression of the will of the people. We have in oar ranks many men whom the people would like to honor—many who if' elected Governor would do credit to the State, and the party. To chose from among so many, all equally worthy, is no easy task. Forthis reason wc hope the delegates will go to Millcdgcvillc, completely free and untrammelled, by in structions.; ibiihe voice from each section of the State be heard; and if possible let the wishes of the majority prevail—let eve ry Democrat reflect 'that among so many, who would do honor to the office, all can not have their first choice; but all will have an opportunity of voting for some one of Georgia’s favorite sobs.'.’ Unlike our oppo nents, we’ have -no legitimate heir to the office Wc fight notao-jkcep tho Bourbons on the throne) but to elect a Chief Magis trate ofthc people. The Whigs have no trouble abquLs^ccting a candidate for gov- cnor. Thcir lcaders have already declar ed that George W. Crawford, shall be the man, and they are commanded to meet at Milledgcbiile, to go through the farce of noinina'tiqg h. man who is already saddled upon the party, and not one of them dare oppose him. How humiliating it must be, for. Delegates lo .assemble from every part of the State, to pretend to nominate a can didate who had already been nominated, to try to make the voice of a few partisans appear to; bo the voice of the people. If the tyhigs are determined to put this hum bug upon the people of Georgia, they should have chosen the first day of April Will these random and sen; jus stand the test of truth! No—4hey will not—and wc say so emphatically, for the very reverse,is tile fact.” Now odd lo these the following which wc published itt onr last from the Rich mond Whig: V. . — “ We with we were, and could conscientiously be Democrats l We admire that party.— There are no traitors in its ranks, and what is better still for them, no asses !—for we we had rather have to do even with a trai tor, than ass, above all, a conceited ass!— Yes wc love and respect them, not for their canons—but for their manly and straight- foneard bearing in support oj what they think right! Their ftnimest and loyalty contrast proudly with Whig vacillation, and will, until'Whigs learn u lesson from them, con tinue to secure them the sceptre !” Which of these are the “ manufactured yarns locofocoism 1” OaJThuEaday last, after a drought, of about six. weeks, wc .w ere favored with v rcfrcshingi rain, which has done much good to th^ growing- crops, and given a slight risrvto the river. On Sunday last five cotton' boxes, lightly laden, left our wharves for Apalachicola.' The Steamer Viola. - It will bo learned by a’chrd •ftoin ’Gapr. Van Vcghlen in an another column, that this fine boat has been raised, and is now undergoing a thorough repair. for their Convention. Pulaski & Dooly, Senatorial District. The Democrats of this district, have nominated Col. W. S. Whitfield, as a can didate to represent them in the Senatorial branch of the next legislature. This is on excellent selection. With talents that calls forth the applause of even his politi cal opponents, Co). Whitfield unites that suavity of manners, and kindness of heart, which wins the admiration of all who know him. Wc have been assured that he will not loose a Democratic vote in the district. Dooly County. Whilst attending Dooly Court last week, we were supprised and pleased, at the ap parent wealth and prosperity of that large and highly respectable county. It is true, many of the Planters complained that mo ney was scarce, but they appeared to have almost every thing else desirable, in abun dance. Among other indications of pros perity, we saw many large and fine fields of wheat, nearly ready for the harvest. They have not risked all their hopes upon the everlasting cotton crop. The people begin to sec that they cannot live on cotton (done. Another circumstance which wc think, showed the good sense and taste, of the people of Dooly—a large number of them subscribed for the Patriot. Whig vs. Whig. “ Consistency, thou art a jewel.” Itis amusing to observe tlie clinmclccn- liko changes—the shillings and turnings to which the Whigs are sometimes driven, to sustain a bad cause. Wc copy the following specimen of self- contradiction from “a cotcniporary from whom Wo expected belter things.” Jlpr'd 19tA. “No party-organization has ever been formed, in this or any other country, that fa composed - of materials which adhere lo enjh other more closely under all circum stances; or’tltht combines more untiring pcrscverapcc and watchfulness to keep to gether the various fragments, and to gath er as the ball rolls on, than docs the present Democratic, party of the United States. Unlike the -Whigs, whoso practice itis to retire from the field so soon as a victory has been gained, and leave the disguised and designing enemies of the country to pilfer 1 and batter down (ho noble edifices which they have erected, the Democracy are over walthftil, and so soon as one vic tory is gained or lost they begin to plan and prepare for another. They arc not like an unfriendly, unnatural and contentions fam ily that cares not or feels indifferent for the prosperity and success of its various mem bers, but they Contribute lo the wants and necessities of each other, so far as duty and ability Will allow,—first for the sake of con- together with most more northern latitudes, arc easily produ ced here, Italy fa not more favourable to the culti- vatiou of the Mulbury, and the production of silk, or the culture of the Grape and’lhe Fig. Tobacco fa easily produced—Indigo of a good quality , fa indigenous to the soil, and fa found in abundance on the .pine lftnds. In a conversation with Co). Thos. Butler, a short time since, he stated that he had manured a few acres of hits pine land, in Lee county, >10 miles from this (dace, and planted it in cotton last year as an experi ment, and that the yield was two thousand pounds of seed cotton to the acre. He is continuing the experiment this year, upon a larger scale, and thinks that be will be able to increase upon the produce per. acre of last year. For those who have ample means arid a large force, there fa an adjoining district of great extent on the West of the Flint, in which lands may be purchased at from six to teh dollars per acre, as rich htol as can ‘ivtsj yjawp cau.Qi Jj’ At a meeting of a portion of the Democracy, of Early county, in Blakely, on tho first Monday in May, inst., for the purpose of appointing delegates to repre sent said county, in the June Convention, to be held for the purpose of i.ominnjing a candidate for Governor. Tho following gentlemen were appointed.. G. B. Wardlaw, Esq., Col. Joseph P. Hardee; and Col. Wm. K. DeGraffenricd. Tlio meeting then proceeded to appoint six delegates to meet a delegation from Baber county, to meet at Concord, in Ba ker county, on Thursday, I2th dny of June next, to nominate a Senator, lo represent the said Counties in the ensiling Legisla ture of the Slate of Georgia; when (lie following gentlemen were nominated, John McCorqucdale, James B. Brown, Ethcl- dred Hays, Seaborn Hays, Burrell Roberts, and Wm. - Sutton, Esqrs. The above named gentlemen, are ap pointed, with the right to fill vacancies if any should accrue by sickness or other wise. 53” Gen. Smith has postponed the re. view of the Militia of Lee and Baker Conn- ties, which he reccntly ordered, for the pur pose of giving time to make a thorough organization of the two regiments which they compose. . 2 V ri Tf 7 Pittsburgh. The amount already subscribed for the relief of those who suficred by the late tiro, fa between one hundretLand fifty, and two hundred thousand dollars. Such expres sions of sympathy arc real—they arc tan gible to the sufferer, and do honor to the hearts of the donors.' The estimated loss, by the fire fa $9,000, 000, two thirds of which was personal pro. perty. % Millcritcs. In Bangor Maine, the civil riutlioiltics are putting a stop to the disturbances, ec- casMBed to society, by the vagrant disciple of Miller, by compelling them to earn an hoitcst living in the house of correction. sides rice, sugar cane, and cotton—every • . r. ... — of fnft. of the frnits of the secondly, because thev helievn ir in ih, in. dly, because they'believe it to the in terest and the advancement of their party to do so. No s6oner docs a prominent and influential Whig join their party, than he fa promoted-or received ill that cordial and flateriiig initner which makes him feel sat isfied with Jhfa change and big with hope and'self importance. Is it astonishing, then, that men leave the Whig ranks and join the Democratic party J" Now compare fliis statement with anoth er made rn the same paper, not d month afterward'i'; V ■: it, tl .,, ^Masf l’Uh. • ** There fa another system of deception sred by the Loco’s, for the purpose-of preciating the Whigs and hood-winking tl has Wy’from Apartof i reiterated Wbi coh to see that it y a cotcmpo- dxpeited better things, ifa td be found hi the rtions ofthc Loco’s, that the Joes not posses the ipinlity of . ..at-their action is disorganizing and isolated; and that they are only actua ted by the hist of office ; white on the oth er hand the Hear and good Loco’s are rep resented as tbi Siamese-twihs of harmony, turitty ond action; who'“ora- always ready to forego jthe honors and emoluments of of- V'h oaJ-ftoYiajat oar-tthO v'aK k> aaaxiJi Southern Baptist Corcntion. Wc learn from the Constitutionalist, that the Convention which met in Augusta on the 7th closed its session on the 12th inst. The Rev. Wm. B. Johnson, D. D. of South Carolina, was elected President, and the Rev. J. B. Taylor of Virginia, nnd Hon Wilson Lumpkin of Georgia, Vice Presi dents. Rev. J. Hartwell of Alaliama, nud Mr. J. C. Crane of Virginia, were appoin ted Secretaries. A committee of sixteen were appointed to prepare a report and resolutions for the action of the Convention. The report sets forth the reasons and necessity for a new organization, and concludes with the fol lowing resolution, which was adopted. “ Retolced, That for the pence and har mony, and in order to accomplish the great est amount of good, and foie tho maintc- nance of those Scriptural principles on which the general Missionary Convonion of the Baptist Denomination of the United States was originally formed, itis proper that this Convention at once proceed to or ganize a Society for the propagation of the Gospel.” “The Southern Baptist Convention’’ was formed by the adoption of a Constitu- tion under which the following officers were elected for the provisional Government of the body until the triennial Board should meet in May next at Richmond Vn. Wm. B. Johnston, President, Wilson Lumpkin.Vice President, J. B.,Taylor, 2nd Vice President,.A. Dockery, 3d, and R. 1?. C. Howell, 4th Vice President. J. Hart well and. J. B. Crane, Secretaries, and M. T. Mendnnhall, Treasurer. J3 - The amount in the United States Treasury, on the 28th ult. subject to draft, was according to the Treasurers report, $6,- 835,322,01. 53-A severe gale at Chicago, N.’ Y. on the 21th, ult., swept a district of country, about five miles wide, with the force of a huricanc, prostrating everything in its path. More than thirty houses and barnes were unroofed or demolished, several persons in jured, and one woman killed. ITIethorlist Church. The Southern Methodist Episcopal Con vention, met at Louisville Kentucky on the 1st inst. Eighty two members, out of 102 elected, were present. The Bishops pre sent were to preside from day to day-as they might arrange among themselves, arid Rev, T. 0. ; Summers, wm elected sccre- ‘"y- i ,di sro ,i‘,l Wm. Jeffries the Imposter. In the Christian Index of the 9th inst. we find an advertisement of. the nbdve personage, by James McDonald, who says Jeffries called at hfa gate on the 88lh, of Feb., and introduced himself thus;I am Brother Jeffries of South Carolina, a Bap tist Minister.”, Whilst at the house of Mr. McDonald, he attempted to seduce and corrupt his tenant girl. - He it d<»«rribt>d by Mr. McDonald, as a liar, a hypocrit, a swindler, arid sedticer. A letter is pubjfab- ed frotn a Baptist minister in Ijfcw York, which states that Jeffries, preached to the second Baptist Chorch in Buffalo, acol- oured Church, and that from hit gross mis conduct hewas ceppclledto leave thecity m deep dtagraco. He is probably, sulL preaching in Georgia, or South Carolina. Sh6w, the scoundrel up, and preserve oor pulpits from such damning polulion. j fca.-iu tak.-O bohasri-ottiorod oijrj ARRIVAL OF THE HIBER- ' NIA. ’ • ' & Summary of Foreign News. The Royal Mail Steamship' Hibcrtiio, arrived at Boston, on the ,6th in’at. bringing intelligence from Liverpool and London, to thcl9thult: < • j ENGLAND. The cotton tribrket- had experienced a slight decline; speculation had ceased, but the trade continued to buy regular!vv and there was a steady demand, r Mr. Rolicrt Armstrong, has-been rcco!?- ntsed by the Queen; as Consul of the Uni ted States at Liverpool. Accounts from the United States bad created a hope, that the project of Annexa tion would be rejected by Texas. “This intelligence,” says the European “ Times,” “ has not proved unpalatable to the popu lar taste on this side, of the water, H nas excited some surprise bccauso it was un- lookcd for.” •' The Oregon question continued to be the i L WW SSlffcof> as a thing, that is to be and must bo unless the Americans lower their pretentidns. Several Regiments, it w'l'mored. nre to be draw* Trom ( Ireland, and 8,000 troops are to be sent tp Canada. , f^Jtrebments 0 f there regiments sailed from Chatham, on the 11 th ub. for Canada. z-SirrRobert Peel had proposed a bill, which passed the House of< Commons, by a vote of 323 to 176, and which itis sup posed will be earned through Parliament, has had the effect to check tlio acitatiea movements of O’Connell; he hasiwstpw- ed tbe intended' Repeab meeting aTcJon- tmf, has evinced * desire to fratenise with the Premier, and is all gratitude for favour* to come. ^WRoinbri Caihdic <31erg& are st fied and returning thanks ioSir Robert i for the grant-re-Mayaootb.'-whilst tbc Church^ifEngtandf i^detr^riridt 4T Vro^