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imti Ar “ Wisdom, Justice, Moderation.” VOL. I. ALBANY, BAKER COUNTY, GEORGIA, OCTOBER 1,1845. NO. 25. THE ALBANY PATRIOT, B rCBLlUtED FAERY WEDNESDAY MORNING, BY NELSON TIFT & SETH N. BOUGHTON, Editors and Proprietors. TERMS. T\VO Dollar* per annum, if paid in advance, or ,*! r(V I).i!!ars at llic end of the year. Vhvrtiscinent* not exceeding twelve line*, will . /inserted at One Dollar for the first insertion, and y, lv cents for each continuance. Advertisements Li Wit. - the number of insertions specified, will u. ,!a!.;,>l"cd nntil forbid. Sales of l.a nd and Negroes by Executor*, Admin!*. tTi'er* and Guardians, are required by law to l« ahertised in a public gazette, sixty days previous to •i., Ajv of .ale. The .-ales of Personal Property must be advertised like manner forty days. ■ ■■ w Debtors and Creditors of an estate must o°b; , , * days, h i; ",‘-"J u"' 1 ! be made to the Court /fttarv for leave 'to sell Lam! Negroes, must y «• bli'Sfd weekly for fourmonths. Advertisements,One Dollar per square | r m.’h insertion. J i All belters on business must be post paid. in tny own camp, were many who believ ed that somewhere on its surface was a terrible whirlpool, through which its waters found their way to the ocean by some sub- ternnean communication. All these things had made a frequent subject ol discussion in our desultory conversations around the fires at night ; und mv own mind had be come lulerably well filled with their indef inite pictures, and insensibly colored with their romantic descriptions, which in the pleasure of excitement, I v ns v. ell disposed to believe, and half expected to realize.” “Jug. 25.—We made our encampment in a grove ot cedar immediately at the Leer Springs, w hicli on account of the efferves cing gas and acid taste, have received their name from the vojagims and (tappets of the country, who in the midst of their rude and hard lives, are fond of finding some fan cied resemblance to the luxuries they rare ly have the fortune to enjoy. 'Although somewhat disappointed ‘ t various tlescripi ions MISCELLANY. extracts from captain FUL- MONT’S NARAT1VE. Outlie 17th July, Capl. Fremont visited ik celebrated sittings, from which the limiinsr Springs, Itixer takes its name, and r.u-s the following graphic sketch of their focalitv: “Leaving the camp to follow slowly, I n«k ahead in i lie afternoon in search of the firings. I'* tlic~ mean time, the clouds, tthicltliail been gathered all the afternoon over tiie mountains began to roll down.iheir tides; amlnsinnn so violent burst upon ur. that it appeared I had entered the furt■bouseol thiiuderstorms. I continued, however, to rule along tin the river until alKiin sunset, ami was beginning to be doubtful ol liudii)g the springs before the next day, when 1 came suddenly upon n large smooth rock, about twenty yards in diameter, where the water from several springs was buttling und boiling up in the midst uf a white crustation with which it had covered a portion of the rock. As litis did not correspond w ith a description given bv the burners. I did not stop to taste the water; but dismounting, walked n little wav up the river, and passing through n narrow thicket of shrubbery bordering the sucam, su pped directly upon a huge white tuck, at the foot of which the river, already become a torrent, foamed along, broken by a small fall. A deer which und been drinking at the spring, was startled by my appioacn, anil springing across the river, bounded oil'up the mountain. “In the upper part of the rock which had apparently been formed by deposi'ion, was a beautiful while basin, overhung by cur- ant bushes, in which the cold clear water liultblcd up, kept in constant motion by the escaping gas, and overflowing the rock, which it had almost entirely covered with a smooth crust of glistening white. I had all day restrained trom drinking reserving myself for the spring; and as I could not wei: be more wet than the rain had already uaile me I lay down by the side of the ba-in, ami drank heartily of the delightful vster. The annexed sketch is only a rude on.-, bin it will enable you to form some idea of the rharncler of the scenery and the Laity of tins spot, immediately at the fool vi tufty mountain^ beautifully timbered, vli.rlt sweep ciosely round,shutting up the little valley in a kind of cover. As it was wgiuing to grow dark, I rode (prickly down ■be river, on which 1 found the camp a few Milos below, "The morning of the 18th was beauti- Tttl and clear, and, all the people being Pilous to drink of these famous waters, "c encamped immediately at the springs, t-nd spent there a very pleasant day. On liiC opposite side of the river is another lo- t.' ;, v oi> r ‘ngs, which are entirely of the same na,. re. *>»• a “B rec - »We taste, wnW* Mr. the islands from our view. So far ns we could see along the shore, there was not a solitary tree, and hut little appearance of grass; and on Weber’s fork, a few miles below our lost encampment, the timber was gathered into groves, and then disap peared entirely.” POLITICAL. the ei' r, cc. , .‘»iions which had led me to rm unusual beauty of situation and scenery, I lour.-*: *1 altogether n. place ot very great interest ; and tl trav eller for the first lime in a volcanic reg.’or. remains in a constant excitement, and at every step is arrested by something rcniuik- ablc'and new. There is n contusion ol in- tercsling objects gathered together in a small space. Around the place of encamp ment, the Leer Sptings were numerous; hut as far ns we could ascertain, were en tirely confined to that locality in the bot tom. In the bed of the river in front, for lie space of several hundred yards they ate very aliundaut; the effervescing gas rising up and agitating the water in countless bubbling column*. In the vicinity round about were niiineroiffi springs ol an entirely different und ctpinlly mineral character.— In a rather picturescue spot, about 13*4) yards below our encampment, and immedi ately on the river bank, is the most remark able spring of the place. In an opening in the rock, a while column of scattered wa ter is thrown up, in lorm like a jet (Peau, to a variable height ot about three feet, und though it is maintained iR a constant sop- pi'., its greatest height is attained only nt regular intervals, according to the action of the fotce below. It is accompanied by a Ritbteranenn noise, which, together with the motion of the water, makes very much the impression of a steamboat in motion; and without knowing that it had been al ready previously so called, we gave to it the name of the Steamboat Soring. The rock through which it is lorrcn is slightly raised in n convex manner, attd gnthcred at ihe opening iuto nn urn-mouthed form, and is evidently formed by continued deposition from the water, and colored bright red by oxide of iron. It is a hot-spring, and the water has a pungent and disagreeable inft- lal c taste, leaving a bunting effect on the tongue. "Within perhaps 2 yards of the jet d’eau is a small hole of aLout an inch in diameter, through which at regular intervals, escapes a blast of hoi air w ith a light wreath of smoke, accompanied by a regular noise.-— The hole had been noticed by Doctor Wis- lizcnus, a gentleman who several years since passed by this place, and vvhorentark- ed with very nice observation, that smelt ing the gas which issued from the orifice, produced n sensation of giddiness and nau sea. Mr. Preuss and tuyseli repealed the observation, and were so well satisfied with its correctness that we did not find it plea sant to continue the experiment, as the sen sation of gidine6s which it produced was strong and decided. A huge emigrant wagon, with a large and diversified family, hnn overtaken us und halted to noon at our encampment; and while we were sitting at the spring, a band of boys and girls, with two or three voting men, came up, one of whom I aske'd to sloop down to smell the gas, desirous to Satisfy ntyself further of its effects. Hut his natural caution had been Front the Augusta Constitutionalist. “OUR POLICY IS TO OPERATE PRI VATELY.” We areJavored with a copy in the handwriting of a correspondent, of the following precious and pathetic hand bill, put forth by the Whig Executive Committee. • Truely it* mingled strains of lugubrious reminis cence and sickly bragadocio, are calculated to touch the feelings, and are worthy ol being set to music, to some such air as • “ The light of other days is laded, And all onr glory’s past” - It would form a valuable addition to the collection ot Coon Minstrelsy. •Such gross misrepresentations of their opponents, l and wholesale recklessness o, assertion, are suicidal, os they We despicable. “Currency worthless.”— Is Central Bank money mCjnt? The Democratic Legislature of 1843 adopted racasU. rp s to restore it to par, and at the election ol Gov. Crawford it was t idy 7 per cent, below par. The ruthless war made upon it by the whigs was irustrated, and the assert ed insolvency of the Institution has been trium phantly negatived. “How valueless was our labor.” Whatever the advocates of a high protective tarifii at the South may say, tbeir Northern allies, the manufacturers will not in the }acc ot their enormous dividends make use oi such an exclamation. It agricultural labor at the South is valueless, we must look lor tlic reason in the outrageous Legisla tion ol the Federal Government which has made invidious distinctions between the various kinds of “llomo Industry” in this country. “Public discussion should he avoided.”—“Let our friends talk pritetely, with whom they may con Verse.” Wl.at a picture, is here presented. What an attitude for a great |*rty to assume. Anshoiucd, or alraid to meet their opponents, to advocate and proclaim their principles in the broad light ol day, and before the peepie they seek to Legislate lor, and trom wliom they ask power. This seema to verify the scriptural adage, “ Men love darkness Utter than light, because their deeds arc evil.” “ They taunt us with our sloth, and boast, tlioy can always heat us, because of our indolence.” This charge at least, seems unjust. This private operation of the Whigs shows them to he as indus trious as Moles, though like Moles, their exertions arc hidden from view. We were insulted and viilified last year, and commensurate with the stake, to win them. Wean remember the distress and ruin brought upon our state dqring the last four years of democratic rale, and there is not a man who does not look bock upon the scenes then presented, with feelings of mingled anguish and regret. How many families were bankrupted—how much grief and individual suffer ing were entailed upon the people by their misrule how valueless was onr labor—how worthless onr currency, and how distrusted was every man by bit neighbor? Such gloom never before hang around our country. Should that party be restored to pow er, their former policy will be revived, and in a very few years the same state of things must again come on. Is it not better to prevent that event, and stop the mischiefs of their misrule, than to attempt to outlive the injuries and wrong! which they will bring upon our country 1 Our friends have determined to make a bold stand, and to save the Government from their clutches and to achieve that end, the Executive Committee of the Whig Party, have determined to make personal appeals to our friends in each connty, urging them to go forth to thn work at once. Wo therefore ap peal to you personally, and ask yon, will yon not give this month to your country, in active exertion to save it from democratic misrule ? Will yon not appeal to your whig neighbors, and ask them to do likewise ? Our opponents are organising and w ill bring out their full strength at the Polls—let us do so likewise. In the first placet let all onr chisms and jarrings he healed—and lot all unite heartily in the work, let every man of our party be seen and nrged to go to the polls—have means of conveyance provided for every one who does not possess it himself—sec are every vote possible, and by every honorable means. Omit no occasion to speak to your acquaintances, whether whig or democrat, of . the merits of Gov. Crawford's administration. Place in the hands of all moderate democrats, who will receive them, newspapers and documents relating to that adminis tration, conduct your movements quietly, so as not to excite onr opponents. Excitement should be avoided—public discussion and angry argument avoided, and let onr friends talk privately with those with whom they may converse. Let the polls be strictly watched, and all illegal votes prevented. The liberty has been taken to address you, be cause it is believed that your feelings are deeply interested in the cause. Wc have a majority in the state, and we are always defeated by fraud. Let ns show our opponents that it shall not be repeated again. They taunt us with our sloth, and boast they can always defeat us because ol our indolenco; but I sincerely hope that we will now resolve to throw off our supineness, and resolutely go to work. We hope you will give us the benefit of your servi ces nod influence, awl we fool uui a doubt that we shall succeed. We were insulted and vilTified last year, and whigs were treated after the election as though they were unworthy of the rights of American citizens. Let us remember those things, and silently, yet firm ly resolve, that by constant and unremitted efforts— Wliigs were treated, after the election, as though they were unworthy of the rights of American citi- ] by devoted and unconquerable zeal, we WILL zens.” This is not trne. The Democrats behaved! CONQUER in this election. Our policy is to op- with magnanimous forbearance. So much so, as j perate privately. to elicit complimentary remarks from many quar ters. At any rate they committed no such excesses in 1844, as did the Whigs of Burke, besides others who in days “ Lang Syne” hung Mr. Henry Clay in Your obedient servant, JAS. A. MERIWETHER. Ghairman Executive Committee. P. S. We cannot address all our friends, and efiioy for being the champion of “American sys-' therefore request you to show this to such of them times with fresh water and soap, we found in tl.° morning an u black as before, we applied the whit" wash bat to no purpose, from this terrible state end the horrible stench from her fool timbers bee made the officers and men stay on deck so much that they look as though they had just recovered from a fit of sickness, in a few days wo shall aend a number to the Hospital, and a Lieutenant among the number. Gspt. Shubrick is at this time very sick in bed, if something is not done very soon to redeem us, aho will tell the sad tale that the Macedonian did some 7«*rs ago on this station, when CapL Biddle had her out here. From (he X. Y. Sun, 16th ult. IMPORTANT FROM MEXICO. YucATxif Revolutionized axd Lsdefebdest. The counter wave in favor of free government, which our Yucatan correspondent predicted a few weeks ago, has been set in motion. The patriotic and intelligent republicans of that ancient country are once more in the enjoyment of an enlightened system of self government, for the faithful adminis tration of which their own stalwart frames and vir tuous lives are the surest guarantees. This gratifying intelligence comes to us by the brig Joseph Atkins, Captain Higgins, at this port, Sti days from Tobasco, Mexico. On the 9th of last month the Yucataneee under Gen. Barcno, took possession of a Mexican schoon er of War, and having placed on board of her all thn Mexican functionaries and soldiers in that state, or dered her captain to sail with them for Vera Cruz, whence she departed immediately. She bed been despatched by the Mexicans to levy men and money for the Texian war, but the people of Yacatan had suffered too much already from the oppressive ty ranny of the central government; and immediate separation was resolved upon and carried out in the manner stated, without shedding a drop of blood.— Tho state government wee at once changed into a national one, retaining all the republican principles which have distinguished the citizens of that State. A letter from the City of Mexico was received at Tobasco on the 17th ult., two daya before the Jo seph Adkins sailed, announcing the departure of six thousand troops for the Texian frontier. Tho government of Tobasco had not changed since ladt advices, but that and souie of the adjoining States will probably rally around the standard of Yucatan. Correspondence of tl* X. Y. Journal of Commerce., LIMA, July 3d, 1845. The Texian and Oregon questions make us sock your papers with great avidity. It is generally supposed that war has ere this been declared by Mexico against the United States. Tho American squadron, consisting of the frigate Sa vannah, sleeps of War Lenses - uvt Petamnth, -nrl store ship Relief, it lying at Callao, ready for sea, and will undoubtedly proceed to the Western coast of Mexico as soon as Com. Sloat receive* official infor mation of a rupture between the two countries. I conceive that with one steamer and two sloops of war more, the American squadron could take and retain possession of all the principal Mexican ports on this side. No doubt exists that a thousand men could be procured, if necessary, to reinforce the crews of the American ships. The English question has been settled. -The Pe ruvian Government has been obliged to depone Gen. Yguain from all rommsml, civil and military, where We have a majority in the State.” Easy to say, hut hard to prove. The circular put forth in aa may be convenient MEXICAN NAVY. October last, after the Congressional election wiiich^ Tho following Vessels of War were lying at Vera jecta; and some other concessions of a more trifling nature have been made. The extraordinary congress closed their sessions the 28lh ult, having previously resolved itself in- gave the Democrats 2400 majority, signed by Judge Cruz, inside the Mole, Aug. 18th, 1845; steamer to an ordinary congress, in which form they again Berrien, Judge Holt, Mr. Jenkins, Mr. Miller and Gaudaloupe, 4 guns and 3 Paixhan 68 pounden assembled oo the 1st inst, and will probably contin- olhcrs, asserted that “ it is confidently believed that amidships and two mortars; steamer Montezuma, 4 ue in session during the remainder of the year, there is a Whig majority in Georgia.” In Novem- 33 yonndere and 3 68'a Paixhan and 3 mortars; Gen. Castilla still remains fixed in bis seat, and ber the Democrats obtained 2049 majority. If all brigs Mexicano, 14 18 ponndere one 68 midships; there is no present appearance of a change, notwith- tiic rci Whig.. . . . Bat “we are always defeated by fraud. The hand- gun on pivot; schr. Libcrtand, 4 13 pounders car- not the means of satisfying; but it is to be hoped bill Blinded to, referred to a letter purporting to ronadesand 1 68on a pivot; Morlos, 3 13 pounder* that the Government possesses energy enough to liavo been written by Bimey, was proven afterwards carronaders and 1 83 pounder amidships; Gun Boat keep them quiet, to be » forgery. This assertion “we have a majority” | Qucrtana, 4 34 pounders carronadcs and 168 Paix- may be put on a par with those contained in the ban midship; Union, 4 34 carrondcs and 1 68 amid- ■ * * '— ■’ *—ships; Publeno, 4 34 carronades and 1 68 l’aixhan amidships; Victors, 4 34 carronadcs and 1 68 Paix- much to resemble that C. f ‘he .-.‘T\ ous ^f*i zcr springs in ihe grand duchy 0. Nnssn...- The proximity of Captain FrciI3° n * the “Grew Salt Lake,” on August 21, * gusied the following observations: . “We were now entering a region which w us possessed a strange and extraordinary interest. We were upon the waters of the famous lake which forms a sailent point among the remarkable . geographical fea tures of the country, and around which the 'ague and superstitious accounts ol the 'tappers had thrown a'delightful obscurity, which we anticipated pleasure in dispelling hut which, in ihe meant line, left a crowded field for the exercise of onr imagination. “In our occasional conversation with Ihe few old hunters who had visited that re- S'on, it had been a subject of frequent spec ulations ; and the wonders which they re lated were not leas agreeable because they "ere highly exaggerated and impossible, itherto awakened by the singular and suspicious features of the place, and he diclined .ry proposal decidedly, and with n few indis tinct remarks about the devil, whom he seemed to consider the genius Ion. The c-.'seless motion mid the piny of 'he fonn- Bll 8‘ J" .•••(. ,-*d rock, and the green trees near, makVtWa "P® 1 ”. . ‘ ' *rty obtained the first On Sept. Gth the P^V obtained me nrst riew of tL object oflhe.r anxious search, the Great SaR Lake. ,.l “The waters of the Inland Sea, stretch ing in still and solitary grandeur far be yond the limit of our vision. It was one ol the grand points of the exploration, and ns we looked eagerly over the lake in the first emotions of excited pleasure, l am doubt ful if the followers of Balboa felt more eti- thnmasm when, from the heights of the Andes, they saw for Ihe first lime the great western ocean. It was certainly a magni ficent object, and a noble terminus to this part of our expedition ; and to travellers so long shut up among mountain ranges, a hand-bill of last year. And a committee thus strain ing every nerve by privately operating to deceive the people of Georgia, cats but a sorry figure in talking about the fraud of their opponents. The Democrats of Georgia will indorse no such calumny, upon tliemselves, by voting with their calumniators. They beat the Whigs (airly, twice last year, and they will repeat tho dose next month. “Our policy is to operate privately.” We can tell the Whig Executive Committee, that it is a policy at which the free spirit of Georgians must revolt, and they will rebuke it at the ballot box in October. They have no relish. Tor private opera tion, either in finance or electioneering. They de sire to be informed on their own matters folly, upon all questions of policy, State and National, that will affect their rights and interests. They will there fore not countenance these little “Confidential” schemes or partisan emissaries sneaking in among them, talking privately, avoiding discussion and wheedling them by all sorts of misstatements of their votes. We recommend to each Democrat who see one of this Whig Executive Commit tee, or of tbeir understrappers slipping up “quietly” to give him a "talk,” to baft him, tell him to stand apTand speak out loud, so that the by-«tanders can bear. If he belieTe* what he says, be will not be afraid of the sound of his voice. ban amidships. They are making great prepare- tions to get their,vessels ready, they are very defi cient in many respects. We left Vera Cruz on the 19th of August on the receipt of news from the city of Mexico, they having docliurrd war against Texas and having sent 3500 troops to the Rio del Norte. The U. S. schooner Flirt, left here in company with ns arrived at Vera Cruz, (Ll ChatanO from Chv gres and sailed for Norfolk, with despatches from our Minister at Mexico. Tho following vessels of war were lying off the Island of Sacrificios, Vera Cruz vis: English Frigate Euridycc, CapL Elliot Brig Persian, do. Layton. French barge, do. La Peruse. Spanish brig, do. Puente. k sfettsfisaai'sss lhJr high rocky hearts country in search of new beaver streams, taring very little for geography ; Us islands had never been visited ; and none were to he found who hnd entirely made the cir cuit of its shore; and no instrumental ob servations or geographical survey, of any <rat of the waves ; but whether or.not they Were timbered wna still left to our imagina tion, as the distance was too great to deter mine if the dark lines upon them were woodland or naked rack. During the day the clouds had been gathering the mountains to the west ward, and while ■ had everbeen tnade any where ,n the neighboring region. I» wasgwreral- "J® m ti storm burst 'down with so deep and last Gentlemen.—Being a “moderate Democrat” I have been favored by a whig friend, with the loan of a Handbill, and while in my possession I have taken the liberty tocopy, and send the same to you for exposition. The original I am not permitted ,Dk ~ P - _ Voun truly, &c. [COXTIDESTtaL.] BATONTON, September, 184 The approaching elections in Georgia are to have so deep and lasting an effect upon our state, that ' called upon to make a straggle may have it in his power to harass British sub* A NOVELTY. A gentleman of Alton, Illinois, is having a car constructed to run over the prairies, by steam with- out a railway. The wheels are four feet broad, and about six feat in diameter; the rite of tho car is a- bout 15 by SO feet; it will cany from 46 to 50 tons at atrip, between Alton and Springfield, 70 miles, at tho rate of ten miles per boor. A few tripe over the clayey soil, with such broad wheels, it is thought will make an even surface, and render the ground as hard os a McAdamised road. “Pitchlyn, the elective chief of 25,000 civilized Choctaws beyond the Mississippi,” says the Free Trader “will probably visit Washington this winter for the purpose of applying to Congress for the admission of his natron ns n territory into the United States, with a delegate in Congress. A "Zempolultoca 10 33 pounders and 1 68 Paixhan constitution it is said has been adopted by midships. the voters of the nation and every prelrau- The only American vessel at Vera Cruz, the brig nary step taken forsubmiting it to Congress, Petersburg, from New York, loaded with 68 Paix- and this distinguished chief selected ao ban guns and (hells selling them to the Mexican their representative.” ' ATainOTETOWASHINOTC®. 600 pieces of of various calibre mounted, London, March Io, 1/85. they have suHtoted for the «m.n guns 33 pound- “ I have taken the liberty to introduce era with an addition of 73 68 Paixhan guns, they your august and immortal name in a short are also about to erect n Battery on rime opposite sentence, which will be found in the book the Island of Sacrificios, ao it will not be sale for I send to you. I have a largo acquom- vessels to anchor there when it it completed who tance among the most valuable and exalt- are not tbeir friends. With all the items of news I ed classes of men; but you arc tho omy have not raid any thing concerning our ship, the human being for whom 1 ever felt an awful Saratoga, when we left Norfolk, it was supposed we reverence. I sincerely pray God to grant would be the most comfortable ship of ber class in a long and serene evening to a life so glon- the Navy, but we are in that respect sadly mistaken, 0 usly devoted to the universal happmera of the very moment wo arrived on this station. Hot the world. “ T. Erskine. weather and the bilge water commenced upon us in - - all its fury, so much so, that both officers and could not remain below, tho paint work in every part of her is as black as ink, on its first appearance thoy scrubbed every port of bet some two or three A gentleman from Texas, now «n Eu rope writes that a colony of 15,000 Swiss arc preparing to leave their country and set tle m Texas the ensuing fall.