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VOL. I- ALBANY, BAKER COUNTY, GEORGIA^ NOVEMBER 19,1845. > Dm anas »v; .Juldfutq a t:Zz£lt~h ^zi.i -' - T| THE ALBANY PATRIOT, rtiUSHtD EVERT WEDKUDAT N0RKIM1, BT NELSON TIFT A SETH N. B0U6HT0N, 1 Editors c- J n — TERMS. —.rn Dollars per annum, if paid in advance, or 1 Dollars at the end of the year. ‘‘lAcrtiferoents not exceeding twelve liner, will vjLrtcdst One Dollar for the Ant insertion, and ££t,Bt»for each continuance. Advertisements ''Lrins the number of insertion* specified, will “* uLCd until forbid. l '^ of i And and Negroes by Executors, Admin,V aB j Guardians, are required by law to he 'fZ^jicA in a public gazette, sixty days previous to v>ibr of ,sie« jfJ ale* of Personal Property must bo advertised 1 ^tiMmlocbtofsanJcredilore of an estate mast ' wiU he made to the Court -"odinary for leave to sell land and Negroes, must 1. .luklisbed weekly for four months. tfoothly Advertisements, One Dollar per square .> rich insertion. IT AH betters on business must be port fata. MISCELLANY. from the St. Augustine Arles. itlERlCAN POLITICS AND EURO PLAN INTERMEDDLERS. It was a dark day for feudalism, that then Columbus first set foot upon Amcri. can soil. It was the commencement of a jtjr era, then but dawning upon mankind, t new world was to be peopled, find by tho* who had sulTcrcd and would derive ciperiencc from the old. The liberation of ihe English colonics from an European yoke was the first devclopetnent of this new or der of things. The French revolution was but another net in the same drama. Yet these two great political events were nei ther understood, nor their importance es timated, by those contemporary with them. The declaration of Independence wns sup posed to be merely an evidence of the utf- wiilingncss of the people of the United Stales to submit to certain impositions.— The Reign of Terror was only a momentary outbreak of popular fury. But that they ex hibited the progress of political freedom was considered an absurd idea. European sov ereigns sneered during the troubled infancy of our republic, and chuckled in chorus at the prospect of its speedy dissolution. The attempt of the people to govern t hemselves was a capital joke. It wns a piece of im pudent presumption, which' would shortly Ire punished with anarchy and civil war. It w«s preposterous to suppose that any oar but a noble Lord ora Grand Duke knew hotv to lay taxes or make laws. We were in difficulty with our federalists, and Nspoiran meditated the subjugation of the world! But lime went on, and the amus ing spectacle which they had promised themselves has not yet been exhibited.— On the contrary, we have become one of ihe first pow ers of thccivilixed world.' Eu ropean sovereigns have begun to have an uneasy consciousness that our progress is observed, and that their own zona culottes and “lower class arc desirous of claiming rights above those of brute hcasts. Bur- iiiienscbafis and Reform Bills have growl cd discontent into royal ears, and tnc ad tanccment of political liberty is looked upon at a serious matter. Three forms of government divide the different nations of Europe, which may be represented by Russia, Austria, and Eng land, respectively. Nesselrode is the arch apostle of autocracy, Mettebnich, of aristocracy—while Peel, yields to the rush- lag tide, and lakes refuge in the pliant con- wrationofa constitutional monarchy.— These have all grown gray in the exer cise of the diplomatic rules of the Iasi ccn- tury. Their great object has been to dupe each other—to keep down the people—and 'u keep up the “nobility." There has been nn abundance of adroit management >n- B» U. t ho lid and Hve avowed object of this measure. And this is exactly the spirit-which animates the great North American confederacy. . Eng- and can plunder Hindostnn, and transform, against their will, a feeble population into a race of slaves—-but it turns up its pious eyes in horror at the spectacle of the Tcx- ian nation prefering a strong and popular g overnment to one of anarchy and military espotism. The erics of murdered and en slaved Poles are still ringing in the earn of Russia, Prussia, and Austria, but their vic tims are martyrs to the cause of monarchy, and deserve no sympathy. The French can burn the Moors of Algiers by the thou sand, but all this is done by Louis Phil- lipfe, and not by a democracy. ‘The despotism of kings is pardonable,* but the progress of political freedom is a crying sin, ana must be treated wirh the seventy it merits. In this hypocritical outcry of our “polit- cal dishonesty”—“robbery,’” “public infa- my,” 4-c. &c., we plainly see that it is to the United Stales alone, that enslaved man is to look for countenance and nid, in his struggles for liberation. Our country alone cnnlcnd in the vanguard of Democracy, and its position should be a positive, and not a negative one. We have attained a degree of wealth and power, which puls us on an equality with any one of our oppo nents, crippled as they are with their unjust cause, ana their discontented subjects.— Why l lieu should we endure insults. Why should we be termed robbers, and cheats at a moment when wc are subject to be robbed and cheated. At this moniont Eu ropean kings arc hemming us in on every sine, and endeavoring to plant their detes table system on our continent. Their emis saries excite anarchy in the South Ameri can republics, that, tinder the specious pra text of quieting them, they may saadh their pauper princes upon the luckless in habitants. What means these Continued disturbances in the Southern Continent and Central America. What means these bombardments of helpless citic^ and these mortgagings of whole nations to foreign capitalists. French papers speak openly of a European monarch lor Mexico, anti fleets swarm in the waters around us. The English seize upon our asserted claims to Oregon, and with the bitter malignity of past defeat, work upon the ignorance of their working classes, with vituperations of our slavery, which they themselves entail ed upon us, and of our grasping ambition, in which we bqt slowly follow them. Wc repent, that, Ihe hand of Europe must nev er be laid upon the New World. It is for our government,—and our government a- lone* has power to do so, to secure there publics of North and South America, from European machinatkmsand interference.— The dockyards and arsenals of Englnnd resound with the preparations of war. The Canadian frontier is being crowded with fortifications from East to West. We can hardly imagine our old enemy to be so mad as to seek a new contest. But if it docs come, we trust that we shall return what we receive. It will be the fiercest nnd fi nal struggle between Federalism and Dc mocracy. And Democracy will not be the conquered. The sword will not be sheath ed till every vestige of European Domina tion is swept from America. CAPT. TAYLOR’S SUB-MARINE EXPEI- MENT. Captain Tnvlor; who has been actively mployed in Sub-Mnrinc science for some time past, made a number of interesting experiments on Friday, from on board tbe schooner Spitfire, lying off the Battery, New York. In company with another gen tletnan, Capt. Taylor descended in a div ing bell, in about seven fathom water. “They remained down about half an hour, when they were drawn up, at a given signal. There was an air pump on board by which the bell is kept constantly sup plied wjth fresh air. Tins bell is made of slicet copper, and weighs 12 )0 pounds.— Attached to it are weights to the amount of 13 M) pounds. These are used in sink ing the bell; and in case of necessity, can be cast rffby extracting a single pin, and the bell would rise without any assistance. to proceed to the Chesnpcak Bay, to raise the cargo of the brig Canton which was loaded with iron andsunkabont two months since. He is engaged to do this^ H is said, by the Boston Mutual Insurance Compinv. He is then going to tbe Spanish Main, for the purpose of looking for the treasure of some or the Spanish galleons that have been sunk there.—Richmond Times. NO TIME TO READ. How often do we hear inen excuse them selves from subscribing to a paper or peri odical, by saying they have “no time to read.” When we hear a man thus excuse himself, we conclude he has never found time to confer any substantial advantage, ••*h°» «pon bio family. Iiis country, or him self. To hear a freeman thus express bim- self, is truly humiliating; and we can form no other opinion, than that such a man is of little importance to society. Such men generally nave time to attend public bar- jnoucs, meetings,sales, and other meetings, but they have “no time to read.” They frequently spend whole days in gossiping, tippling, and swapping horses, »nt they havo “no time to read.” They sometimes lose a day in asking advice of their neighbors—sometimes a day in pick ing up news, the prices current and the ex changes—but theso men never have “no time to read.” They have time to hunt, to fish, to fiddle, *0 drink, to “do nothing,” but “no lime 10 readsuch men generally have uneducated children, unimproved farms nnd unhappy firesides. They have no energy, no spirit of improvement, no love of knowledge, they live “unknowing nnd unknown,” .and ofen die unwept and unregretted.—V- S. Journal From the Columbus Times. ENGLISH PEAS AND IRISH POTATOES. Messrs. Editors:—Please accept a small sample of English Garden Peas, which 1 send you, accompanying this communica tion. Agreeable to promise, I now give you iny method of growing the Irish Potn- 100. We*have not yet half developed the Resources of our boil and Climate, in the adaption and cultivation of Fruits and Veg etables. The English Pea for Summer nnd Fall use, 1 cultivate similar to the method adopted by me in thccultivationofthc Irish Potatoe, which for six successive years, 1 have raised of the moet delicious kind, mid in the greatest abundance—for the month of Dec. I make the ground designed for Potatoes perfectly mellow by deep plough ing, then throw it into Ridges2 feet opart, leaving o furrow about 12 inches deep. 1 then fill the furrow with leaves or straw, (which ever will decompose quickest is best) and place the Potatoc immediately on the straw, about 4 inches apart, then care fully level the whole surface of the ground and cover the entire bed 15 inches solid Jo retain exclusive systems and high privi- 'jos, and none to secure the interest of the “borer and of the poorer class. They talk much of Balance of Power, and not at all °f Political equality. They assert that government can only be administered by a ‘OK'tltsaml'ilflMhTMLUwnta^he crown- The most interesting experiment. on head to whom all do reverence. A sov- was with the sub-marine armor. Thw is cre 'gn king can ntako as many exactions made principally of India rubber. 1 lie V ho pleases, but asovreign people have no covering for the head is a copper casque, n gbt to ask how they shall be governed. helmet, containing a small glass window, f‘ is not to be wondered at. then, that the Through tho top of the jjoont movement of the inhabitants of ters, through which fresh mr is supplied, T c «s should have excited some commo- This armor is mado perfectly water light; ll «n among the advocates of arbitrary pow- the wrists of ihe sleeves are made of Indtr w. Opposed to the principles which jusli- rubber, and aro drawn vent Ught: f y ‘he Texians in choosing their own form these, however, the air which ‘fie sub-ma- * government, they are doubly opposed to line walker breathes, escapes. This an nor 1 measure which willincrease the strength weighs 50 pounds and a weight of 75 2* the gneat Democratic Confederation.— pounds mow is used for sinking. Captain The great maxim of i free government— Taylor says he has stayed under water bc- that fte people are sovereign—applies to tween one and two hours, and has Jbcen in offered to the desponding invalid, and to those who may visit us in search of health, our Island offers the same advantages to be met with in point of salubrity any where in the same latitude oa the face of tbeearth. IVe hare, it is true, no objects hew that are very attractive,—we have no lofty for ests, hymning the praise of their maker as they bend their tops in the passing breeze, —nor Inve we the mountains ana valties that meet the eyes of the traveller in other lands,—but the graceful cocoa nut, the wide spreading almond, and tho fragrant lemon never change their dress; and the vines that bloom and creep in beauty a- round our dwellings, giving a sweet per fume to the gentle breeze, are never lost to us in the repose of winter. We have no leafless trees, thiongh which Ihe autumn winds channt their requiems to the depart ing year; but spring and summer are a! wavs with us holding out inducements to those who will leave their native land in the snows of winter nnd seek, in this “land of flowers,” that hcnlth which off times can only be restored bv the genial influence of a southern sun. We hopo soon to see in our midst all tho fnmiliar fuccs which have been lost !o us during the summer, and in whose company, in times post, the hours have flown right joyously. SOCIAL INTERCOURSE. There is a false necessity with which we indas- trioosly surround ourselves: a circle that never ex pands ; whose iron never changes to docile gold— This is presence of public opinion, the intolerable restraint of convent weal form. Voder the despotic influence, men and women check their best impul ses, suppress their noblest feelings, conceal their highest thoughts. Each longs for full communion with other souls, but dares not give utterance toils yearnings. What hinders 7 Tho fear of what Mrs. Smith or Mm. Clark will say; or the frown of some sect; or the anathema of somo synod; or the* fash ion of some clique,or the laugh of some club; or the misrepresentation of some party. Thou art afraid of thy neighbor, and kbowest not that he ia equally afraid of thee. Ho has bound thy hand* and thou hast fastened his feet. It were wiser for both to snap the imaginary bond and to walk onward on; shackled. If thy heart yearns for lore, be loving if thou wouidst free mankind, be free; ifthou wooldst have a brother frank to thee, be bank with him. But what will people say 7 What does it coocern thee what they say 7 Thy life is not in their hands.* They can give the noth ing of real value, nor take from thee any thing that is worth having. Satan may promise thee all the kingdoms of tho earth, but ho has not one acre of it to give. Ho may oiler much as the price of worship, but there is a flaw in all his title deeds. Eternal and sure is tho promise, Blessed are tho meek for they shall inherit the earth—Mrs. Child. BEAUTIFUL SENTIMENT. *• However dark and desolate the path of life may _ seem to any man, there is on hour of deep and uodir- wit h fine straw—the Winter and Spring | turned ffpo*® band, »l*cu the body may sink into Rains will heat the straw, and cause a de- * dreamless slumber, let not the imagination be composition to commence among the leaves in the furrow and at the bottom of the straw which nourishes and causes the Potatoe to row rapidly; whether we have Summer ains or not. Tbe Potatoes once planted startled, if his resting place, instead of being a bed of down, shall bo a bed of gravel, or the rocky pave ment of a total). No matter where the poor remains of a man may be the repose is deep and undisturbed, the sorrowful require no after cultivation, aa the straw i bowms heaves no more, the tears are dried up in their prevent* all gross and Weeds from grow- fountains: the aching bead bat rest, and tbe star- ams whilst the Potatoe tops push through my waves of earthly tribulations pass unheeded over the straw and cover the whole surface with P hcc of graves. Let armies engnge in fearful a rank luxuriant growth'. Neither do they conflict over the very bosom of tho dead, none of the become walerv cultivated in this manner ; sleeper* hear the spirit stirring triumph, or respond butarea* large and mcnlv as the best North- •**> rending shouts of victory. How quiet those ern raised Potatoe. The first Potatoes lak- counties millions slumber to the arms of their mo- en from the straw, will be found to grow therearth! The veto of founder shall not awaken immediately between the straw and the them,th*kmd cry oftbo eletnents-tho winde-tbe Earth, and when taken out, will be as white and dean as new laid Eggs. Place the straw carefully back, and another and lar ger growth will take place beneath the ground, in the furrow. When I have dug my Potatoes, I open the straw and scatter English Peas on the surface of the ground, then put the straw back again, and in a few days tho whole surface of the straw will be covered with a bright and growing green, and then tho delicate bloom, nnd soon the Pod filled with its luscious Peas, proves the utility of the mristurc generated by the straw at the Root to sustain the Plant against our burning 'Uf^Poiatoe Pnlcb i? now covered with a most luxuriant crop of Cedo Nttllis, Mar row fats, nnd Early Washingtons, loaded with blooms and pods, and as the Garden Pea stands a tolerable Frost, bids fair to pro duce for weeks to come. The more ex perience I have, the more I am satisfied that with proper industry and a correct knowledge of the Physiology of our Soil, our Pine Barren “Wilderness will be mode to blossom ns the Rose.” CHAS. A. PEABODY, Spring Hill, Nov. 1st. 1845. FLORIDA—EMIGRATION—JROSPECTB,dtr. Since the change from Territorial to State Gov-- nment, the prospects of our psnpfa have srotstisl ly brightened. Emigratiou has rapidly increased.snti from lvhat we barn, will bo greater this faUthac over. For somo time past the direction hti seocr- ally been to East mud South Florida, bqt sU ^dif ferent sections wiH receive a Call proportion. The failure of tbe crops in porticos of North and South Carolina and Georgia, has had its influence, as we hear of large emigrations from those sections either on their way or preparing to leave for tbe new State of Florida. These emigrants are generally small fanners, but industrioas and persevering, and f cannot fail of securing in our fertile soil and { is fairly made. On a recent risk totta Worths* were pleased to observe tho rich reward of tbe husband mans toil in the crops of Cotton, Corn, Sugar and Tobacco. Moet of the planters in that seetkm havo adopted the right course of diversifying their crops, their first care seems lobe to taissafoU supply of the necessaries of life, and tbs balance of their time and force is devoted to such articles at will . bring money from abroad. Such course brings con tentment and happiness, and scarcely an industri ous, prudent planter who follow* this course but willl lay by more or less every year; and before he ia aware ofit be is getting rich. Jackscn Washing ton and Walton counties aro admirably situated for the planter with small means. In Holmes Valley, in Washington, Euchee Valley, in Walton, aro ex tensive sections of the finest hammock lands, which will produceany variety of crop in the greatest abon- The lands bordering on the river courses are equally rich and fertile, and the pine lands and swamps adjoining afford most abundant paaturago for cattle. You scarcelystop its house in that sec tion, bn t that the inmates coaid or do lire weR— Their cultivated land produces fat abundance, and their stock of cattle every year increasing, without expense, furnishes an ample supply. They can raise all their bacon, and with tho fob and game which every where abounds, such a country might almost be called an Eldorado. Throughout die whole State, with scarcely an exception, the same advantages exist True in Urn West there is a large quantity of poor pine land, but any amount of good land is yet to be found possessing all three ea- umerated advantages. Heretofore there has been much difficulty ia get ting crops to market from the WaaL This evil will soon be obviated. The numerous rivers which water that section, empting into Cboctabatehie Bay, will require no very great expense in clearing, sufficient to give a free navigation through tbs Bay and Sound to l’ensacola. Let the country become more dense ly populated, and the interest! of the community would induce them of their own resources to remove these obstacles. An appropriation often thousand dollars has been made by the United States Gov ernment for tile CbocUhxtrhie river—the work com menced, and progressed nearly to completion. A few weeks since, the Steamer Lama, drawing neariy fivo feet water, ascended this river to the town of Geneva, at the junction of the Cboctabatehie and Pea rivers, and doubtless in a short time'there will be uvular steamers plying between that place end Pensacola. Geneva ia admirably situated for a bu siness place, is rapidly improving, and ariU aeon re ceive mach of the Alabama trade, which now goes tolrwinton and other towns in Alabama bordering on the Chattahoochee. Pensacola is the beet harbor on the Golf, and with a population a little mere en terprising, would soon become an important commer cial city. The advantages of settlement* in aay put of Flor ida are too little known to be properly appreciated. It is a new, and in many parts a wild country; but tho axe and tbe plough-share would soon make this wilderness blossom aa the rate. There is no country under the sun where an individual can make a Irving more easily than be can in any part of Florida. Its rich and yielding soil, its salubrious climate, dm variety of crepe which can be produced by the indus trious and enterprising husbandman, either with am- pie or limited means, eminently recommend it to the attention of all emigrant*. fte Texians an well a* to ourselves. They ( Rcted their liberation flora Mexican an- *f«hy, and were acknowledged ns an in- wpendent natipp ii\ different Courts of **urope/ They chooire, a* an independent foiioh, to becomje nflietl to tho United ”|Mcs. We form not only one government, tmt a confederacy of governments. The Jttniona of Prussia to induce the other 'fWman States to join the Zpjl-Verein, arc? J* looked upon by her ns grasping efforts Josequire territory. To Benefit rate— 1 rJWtneieia! regulations, and to etrengt ®oie several nations os a wboto, tsinei of4 feet widssad SO feet kmg, with a shaft 7 feet likewireclemjysrtlclprted. Scmojrftlre perforat ions in front, and a shaft 6 feet 6 inches long behind, ancesrftheGreekjaggtere were —ctesttty tnge- with two broad wheels,and a sleerisg wheel ou the afous; but clesmcal atSiqaily dkll no feafo tocost- Swnm OnSe front JfofteLfar to .poke* tert the crown with the modem Indian baeketfiasd, of wheels,with buffers on their «S«.%e ” enter tho around bv the revolvinx shaft. Thl* is •*““ of ^“• ““w pertonnere. wo nave-we- caused by^ikng fewer of 90 fort twinging back- qaentlylistened to the descriptions of three tricks vraidsnnd forwards on spindles, and raffing alter- from an intelligent spectate*, who ctsifessed foafnsr nately two levers of 3 feet in a box on two wheels, bility to ofler 1110 fixed on the shaft similar to tbe capstan of tbe wenderfriaess of the ! ** 1 ft???’ Great Brhain Steamship urjtit this difference that From thr Ke>> West Gazette. OUR CLIMATE. The autumnal equinox has passed, leav ing none of the desolating effects which water one hundred feet deep. Captain Taylor went down on Lake Huron into the wreck of the steamer St. Louis and recov ered a chest containing $5>K). He also ... 6 ------ —itl h descended into the wreck of the steamer marked that event with us last year., and LUileErio, on Lake St. Clair, and nailed | having passed three planks on the bottom^.that she was y, naff escaped pumped out nnd raised. This shows the a setrenn, we have ^btindant ottwo for com with which the limbs nlay be used, ^artfcligratttudefowanlsHtnL a^phcjds while encased in this armor ” . I the sen ns it were in the hollow of his the idemned as a slaver, in which he is about | mate one of the best remedies that c . n bo the motion can be reversed, or tbe levers so placed, waves—nut even tbe giant tread of the earthquake, shall be able to cause disquietude in the chamber of death. They shall rest and pass away, tho last great battle shall be fought, and then a silver voice at first heard, shall rise to a tempest and penetrate to to tho voiceless grave. For the trumpet shall sound usd the dead shall bear bis voice.” A NEW MECHANICAL PRINCIPLE. A new invention has just appeared in England, called the “Satelitc,” or “ Iren Slavo’” which it is . _ . _ . .. .. . _ . aid will change the.sy*tem of agricultural labour, cs* revolution*, m told on the authority of Xenophon, peciallv in warm climates, and substitute iron agents and moy be compared with the for the hborof man. The machine, says theBalti- «*«* aothtagia China. Thesmfeefoq effc-- more Sun, b intended for. agricultural purposes, fora the mosah-eas of the cotaoowret tricW such as plowing sowing and reaping; abo, lor ma. our eouatoy tons—la alao aacnoss sow women, king caoMs, reads and tunnclsTltba frame of iron, Athen.ua. ThethtaMs rifgsre rfEprere are GREEK MAGIC. The history of these amusements rocs back into tho remotest ages of antiquity. Herodotus notices the introduction from Egypt of puppets moved by springs. The sitting upon a wheel during its rapid The power to work tbb machine b communicated eed under the loslmt,tas been heard to gwa* «a4 by ropes, puffing ihwssSiiy <■ tte bxje lever; Ct^^Tbfn^fcw minutosCn totSk fo tbeee ropes,atadbtaaoeefUWOymfo, were wouad fcertiuifnra* »i wuwib a double drum, and corresponding ropes ran from at tho door, perfectly .uninjured, while the* S^tTdSlS^m»^UtotW, fog Med, fa found to be empty, ,nd t hlaM done to cranks of a steam engine. By tbb trial a now me- foe presence of twenty or thirty ci uw m efoniert principle was cstablished-namely, the - 5E555-»V«.~r man at tho steering wheel, which was thought im- Magazine^ ■ . poeeMoby ednntific engineers. This machine is vfAuasa SlICK3 Am Brook Breis.-TheTa- intended to work and more at thereto®! thnH-mile ^ of p 4rigt u is almost invarisWy cany per hour, although the velocity at which it did go at tho first trial, has not quite realized that speed. A gentleman of Mobile has the identical watch worn by Benjamin Franklin. amnll walking stloks. A cotemporary thinks tho best stick any woman can usoba-broouretick. A Benedict very significantly hints that tins altogether upon hew it to vised.