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• ■ : liT Wisdom, ill f .1'. ’ JnilT * WA frit A 1 ^rqttbri VUl* !• ALBANY, BAKER COUNTY, GEORGIA, DECEMBER 31,1845. ■rnw-M* NO. 38. T HE ALBANY PATRIOT, (BUSHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MOUKIKfi, BY NELSON TIFT & SETH N. BOUBHTON, 1,1 Editor* ami Proprietors. terms. -It-n iViUars per annum, if paid, in advance, or T " tv’' s at the end of tlie year. SjEai* nut exceeding twelve line., wiU '*.1 at One Dollar for the tint insertion, and 3 , for rtc h continuance. AdvertiscinenU • U^ag the number of insertions specified, will ^roUndNeffrdes by Executors, Adminis- Guardians, are required by law to he gSSTu, a public gazette, sixty days previous to *TV reW 1 ,<TO »»1 Property must lie advertised ^rMoScbtore si3 Creditors of an estate must 'T.il^dat application will be made to the Court , it an for leave to sell 1 -and and Negroes, must Unified weekly for four month*. UoatUy Advertisements,One Dollar per square .nrli insertion. ... , All letters cn business mnst be post ja<d. and fruit. It was a great gathering, whe ther measured by iis rcspectubility or its in tellect. The old Ircc-irndc orators were there—the guest, Cobden, bright, Fox, and the greatest merchant in the world, Mr. William brown, the representative of the great American house ol that name in Liverpool.—JV. 1. Eve. Pott, 121A ttuf. MISCELLANY. ROMANCE OF REAL LIFE. A voting American planter named Da vui, of iimneiiscd fortune, recently came .vcr to this country, in search of a wife, ni alter visiting sonic of the most lash- cities, an.l spending bis money ki a prince," wiihout meeting the object eearclt, he paid a visit to Binning- am, and was siandingonc day at the door nlic “lienand ChickenB,” when, ns old r i VC « would say, (and circumstances in kiscare proved the truth of the saying) verv person he came to England to iook for, walked across New street, nearly (.posite where he stood. Struck with her .ppenrance lie followed the lady, and with ..licit politeness, expressed a wish for a i:cr acquaintance, and desired to see her Ume. The young lady, a Mis3 Rimmer ui Alcester, was at that time on a visit to Mr. Hedy’s, Bristol road, to whose house die stranger arcompnnied her, but his part ner in me walk not much liking such a i„.imntic visitor, referred him toiler parents. Tiic traveller was not to b i diverted from a olipicl in search of which he hod trav- lluil so far, “and the little town of Alcester i;is shortly after well nigh frightened from u | iopiiety by a carriage and four driv- mg up at full speed to tire house of Mr. j externally REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF » WAR. We copy from the Union the.following synopsis, presenting the leading features ol the Report of the Secretary ol War—one of the documents accompanying the Presi dent’s Message: It exhibits, in the first instance, the or ganization, strength, and constitution of t he regular army. The rank and file—em bracing every arm of the service—does not exceed 6,5 ill men. At this lime, there is stationed but a single regiment on theyvliolc northern frontier, from Maine to Lake Su perior—an extent of two thousand miles; and on the ivlioLe line from the Falls of St. Anthony to New Orleans, (fifteen hundred miles,) only one regiment of dragoons and two of infantry. The artillery regiments —reduced bv detachments of four compan ies from each—now garrison the fortifica tions of the seaboard, from Newport to New Orleans. The remaining and larger pro portion of the army is "now stationed in Texas. The report gives an interesting account of the political reasons which Imvc induced the government to give them this destination. The Secretary docs not think Prom the Soutlorn- i'raiucript. SMYRNA,—THE GULF,—GENERAL ASPECT OF THE CITY,—STREETS, • LUILDINbS, IXI’ORTS, Ac. To the Editor of the Transcript:—The city of Smyrna, in Asm Minor, once the seat of one of the “Seven churches oPAsin,” is still one of the greatest commercial cities of the Levant It is situated at the end of a gulf which makes in from the Archipelago a- boui thirty miles east. This gulf is well sheltered by hills and mountains, and af fords secure anchorage to vessels almost its entire length. Within alrant seven miles of Smyrna, the channel is quite narrow, and vessels not uufreqiicntly get aground, but as the bottom is muddy, they are rarely injured. At this point a neck of land rims out from the north side of the gulf, made in part, at least it is supposed, by the ac- . _ lion of the river Hermits, which there cn-1 it prudent to remove the troops from this ters the bay. The harbor of Smyrna is| position until our relation] with Mexico regarded as one of the most secure in the' a whole Eastern world, Ships of the heav iest burthen anchor here with lire most en tire safety through the winter. As you approach Smyrna hy water, you see it lying chiefly on a plain along the shore, gradually rising back towards the base of Mount Pagiis, which eminence is crowned hy the ruins of an old castle. The most striking objects which nrrest your at tention oil approaching the city, arc the residence of the foreign Consuls,"which arc near the shore,—the mosques* with their tall minarets, and the dark green cypress trcCs, which rise up high in and around the city. The population of Smyrna is vari ously estimated : it is probably, however, iihoiit one httudred ana twenty thousand. There arc, perhaps, fifty thousand Turks, thirty thousand Greeks, ten thousand Jews, five thousand Anmmans, and a sprinkling of almost all the other nations of tire earth Some ports of the city have an appear ance of thrift rind improvement; very gen erally, however, it has an nntique aspect. The building's, it may he remarked, often look much better internally than they do Many of them have nothing Himtiicr. After many wondering# among peculiarly ntirnetivc wiihout, often exhibit the inhabitant# who it could he, tt turned | much taste nnd beauty teithin. They are out ihni it was Mr. Da Costa, come to re- j generally stuccoed, the lower story bein'* quest of the parents permissoin to pay his j built of stone nnd the upper story of wood, addressee to llieir daughter. Advice was j The streets of Smyrna are narrow, irregu- nsked of those with whom they usually | nr , and generally nameless. You have to mlvited, nnd consent was given; and the judge of your position hy the quarter or by Hunger gave such evidence of the sir- \ some prominent mosque, rather than hy the ngtli of his attachment, that he was not street. The city is divided into quarters, long in finding his way to the heart of Miss | which ore named according to the name of i’inmtcr; unit although many talcs^ were I their inhabitants. Tims, near the shore nlinai of what the modern “ lllttc Beard” ; and extending hack some distunce, is Frank would do, Ire married her at Alcester [quarter,—next is the Greek quarter;—in tliurch on Saturday week, three carriages: the rear ol this is the Armenian quarter,— and four conveying the parlies who graced : still further back is the Jews’ quarter, nnd ■ he nuptial ceremony with their presence. ] y C t further the Turkish ounrler Turkish The people whose daughter has thus be- dwellings may generally lie known hy their rente a wife, are worthy people, in moder- having a lut lice work at the windows, with Me circumstances; tire Indy possesses good which tire Turkish females can be scrcen- «n<e as well as personal attractions, and cd from the view of persons without. •lie stronger has shown himself bv mnnifi- If you ask, what are the principal public rent presents, to be really what he passes buildings of Smyrna, I answer, there are far, n man of vast wenth, nnd a gentleman, about fifteen Mohammedan mosques, five "e understand that the eldest brother of Greek churches, itvo Jewish synagogues, Mbs Riinmcr is to accompany her to her ( one Armenian church, three Latin churches tinv residence across the Atlantic, when two Protestant clmpcls, sevcrals enruvan- his fortune, ns well a# here, will be made, series, and some military barracks. These ‘ are the principal public "structures, for you will bear in mind, that the Turkish empire [Wrmingham (.Eng.) Jldterlittr. THE STATE OF ENGLAND. IVilmer & Smith’s European Timessays: “The stale of England since we last ad- dressed our readers has been very peculiar, nnd extremely exciting. The feeling then was, that, pressed on nil hands hy the cries of Iho country nnd tire urgency of the case, Ministers would have opened the jiorts by nn order in Council for lire -free admission of every description of grain. Every thing, in fan, indicated such a result. The Cab- inel had protracted, and, it wns said, angry sittings;, the fears of the public were be coming serious; the accounts of the potnioe crop from all parts of the country—we had almost said, from all parts of the world— especially from Ireland, were really alarm ing; the price of grain, until checked by the prevailing feeling, that the Corn la e would be suspended, was rising daily. All titis, combined with the panic in the Share Market, and the utter prostration of the Lotiyancy and speculation which existed only a short time previously in rampant im petuosity, caused the opening of the ports 'o he looked to with hope and with certain- »y, as a thing that must lie. But the quid nuncs have hern doomed to disappointment —the ports will not be opened!” The electors of Tamworth have been feasting Sir Robert Peel. On the same dny, in the same part of Hie country, another assemblage, with* a yery different object, was busy carrying out "* destiny. The people of Birmingham, anxious to manifest their attachment to the >«e. trade Mr. Villiere, whose annual mo- ,to n* for the repeal of the corn-laws are as familiar to every one as an old almanac, him a dinner in that metropolis of the midland counties, at which upwards of 600 gentlemen discussed the present prospects and position of the c&uso over their wine is not distinguished as is our favored land, by its colleges—its humane institutions—its halls of science and of art. Your’s, &c., W. G. THE DEMOCRATIC AIM. The object lor which the democratic parly is contending is not the substitution ol one set of men for another; it is not to give the patronage of the government,Slate or Federal, and the emoluments and hon ors ol ulficiul stations to these men or those lint its aim is to establish principles, and thereby produce practical rerulle in the op eration ol government upon the interests anu welfare ol the people. Democracy would not elevate any class of incu by spe cial favors, nor advance the sell-aggran dizing plan of ambitious schemes; but it would give to all men equal rights and equal advantages to use their own abilities and taicnis m the development and im provement of the worlds resources, which the Great Creator has spread with a liberal hand before His creatures, and to enjoy undisturbed and unmolested whatever the l ight use of the blessings of God may merit. “Principles, not men,” has long been in. scribed Upon the democratic banners as the great motto whjelt announces our'motives of action. IVe regard men in public offices bu' ns the servants of the people, selected for the purpose of performing certain duties, appertaining to ine general welfare, nnd amenable to the people for the faithful dis charge of their duties. It matters not, then, who are selected for official stations and for candidate#, for popular suffrage, we support them not as men; we acknowl edge no personal considerations; they arc but instruments in the bands.of the people, and are to he supported as the representa tives of principles.—Plymouth Rock. have assumed a more decidedly amicable character. In the event of there being any necessity to increase the army, he pro poses to build upon llie basjsof lire regi ments, by adding to the rank and file of each companv, inst< nd of creating new regiments. This necessity'pray be found in the course of Mexico, or in the conduct of the Cumnnchcs, or of the Indians that are found in Oregon, or that may interrupt the increasing current of emigration to the Rocky mountains.—By the proposed ar rangement of filling up the infantry com panies to sixty-eight men, nnd the dragoons to sixty, tire privates are. increased, without a corresponding augmentation of the offi cers. The report suggests that, besides this in crease of the number of privates in I he two existing regiments of dragoons, another regiment of dragoons, or mounted riflemen may be necessary, in the event of extend ing our posts to the Rocky mountains. It states that, though the concentration of so large a proportion of the army on the frontier of Texas may have, in some meas ure, enlarged the expenditures, (certainly in the article of transportation,) yet it has, in some, degree, been compensated bv the improvement which has taken place in the discipline of the troops. It renews the re commendation for establishing a corps of sappers, miners, and pontouiers, to assist, among other things, in const ructing bridges, in consequence of the military occupation of Texas. One hundred men will be suffi cient for the purpose. . The report gives a rapid but interesting nccount of Colonel Kearney’s expedition, during the last summer, to the South Pass of the Rocky mountains; the iinpresssious it produced among the Indians ; the num ber of emigrants whom it met on their way to Oregon,' to the number of 2,325 men, women arid children, with 7?)<f ! > head of cattle, 4 ri horses and mules, and 46 ) wag ons. This report of Colonel Kearney ac companies the communication of the com manding general, and will',furnish, no doubt, an interesting store of extracts, at a season of greater leisure. It also refers to the adventures of another .detachment G f the dragoons, under lire comninnd of Cap tain Sumner, nearly to the northern line of he United States, between Lake Superior nnd the Lake of the Woods. Among the Indians whom they met with on their route, and upon whom i hey made a due impres sion with their military array, was a nu merous hand of the half-breeds of the Red river of the North, who had come from the region of the Hudson Rat Company into our lines, to hunt buffulo. The had’ even solicited permission to reside in tire Uni ted StUlC8. The Secretary refers to the considera tions which had prompted General Gaines to dcpatch the volunteers of Louisiana to the camp of General Taylor. Anuple jus tice is done to their gallantry, and Con gress is invited to make appropriation for their compensation. "Genetal Taylor had also accepted the services of four Texan conqianies of mourned men for three months. The estimates for the ensuing year do not greatly vary from those of former years. The item for orming.the fortifications is increased The attention of Congress is directed to the state of the for tifications—to the armories of Sprinfield and Harper’s Ferry—to the establishment of a national foundry for cannon—to the preservation of the gunpowder belonging to the government—to tfie condition of ihc mineral lands in the Northwest, whjcjUlhc Secretary proposes to transfer from the management of the ordinance, ijej^rt meat to some oilier, (the President’s message suggests, to the laud office.) " ' It calls the attention of Congress to the forty-eight forts in process of const ruction, and to tbe propriety of erecting new.forts at other points. Among these, as sugges ted by the reports or the enginecra, are for tifications of the narrows at Staten Island and at Sandy Hook, and the condition of the long suspended fortress at the Pea Pa tch ; an additional work at Sollepa Point, for tho protection of Baltimore; jeeted fortifications on the Florida reefs. The Secretary speaks with great con sideration of the school at West Point, and proposes some improvements. He calls special attention to the report of the chiet of the corps of topographical engineers—to the improvements of the harbors on the lakes, which are so well calculated to fur nish accommodations to steamers that, in a state of war, may be turned to the most effective purposes, and to furnish facilities to a commerce that is now estimated at one hundred millions of dollars annually. The Secretary speaks with enthusiasm of the expeditions under Captain Fremoui, and his valuable services. He refers to the reports of the pension office, which has now registered upon its books 28,921 pen sioners— 2,371 added during the last year, and 1,438 known jo have died. He de votes a considerable space to the lndiin agency and the Indians—the Pottnwolo- inies, the Choctaws, and particularly the Clrerokees. He lays licforc the President some highly interesting communications from our Inaiau sub-agent in the territory of Oregon. lie dedicates the conclusion of his com prehensivc and very interesting re|R»ri to a subject which is of so profound an im portance in a free government, viz: the organization of the militia. He suggests various alterations; and among the rest, submits the question whether if might not lie advisable to reduce the period of service from 18 years of age to 21, upon the ground that, although citizens of eighteen yeuts of age are not loo young to bear arms, they arc not generally* in a situation to equip themselves with arms, as tire law requires. in writing therefor, and - notice thereof!—as well as ol all regular meetings—shall be published in one or more of the newspapeis pruned in Northampton, two days at least lielore such meeting. Aet. VI. Any person may become a hie member of the Clubby the payment of lime D “° °” ,WO 1,16 Ttea,ur J r * l nn y one , Art. VII. This Constitution may he al tered or amended by the votes of two-thirds of t h: members presenter any regular meet ing, provided the same ahall have been proposed in writing at a previous regular, meeting. BY-LAWS. 1. Each member shall imy annually - in to the treasury the sum of one dollar. Am* member, who shall foil to pay his *n nMt j) assessment, or any fines or forfeitures on books taken front the Library, for the space of ninety days after tjic annual meeting, shall then cease to be a member of the Club, and forfeit all his rights and privil eges as such, nnd to the library and other property belonging to the sabre. 2. All books, save such as the Board of Directors except, may be taken from lire Library by tire members on Sntunlay of each week. No book shall be detained fiom the Library longer than ten davs un- dbr a penalty of five cents for each day it is so detained, nnd any member lending a book belonging to the Club shall pay ns a penalty the sum of one dollar for each week stlch hook shall he so loaned. 3. Any memlier who may lose a book belonging to the Library shall pav the val ue of the volume or set, as assessed by the* Librarian. 4. It shall Ire the duty of every member of the Chib, annually to plain at* least one tree for fruit or shade. 5. The Treasurer shaft give bonds to tho acceptance of the Directors. C. No money shall he paid bv the Trcns- NO BANKS. Louisiana nnd Texas will adopt the new Constitutions framed to prohibit the crea tion by state, corporation, companv or indi viduals of aity hank whatever. Mississippi and Missouri are about holding State Con- J, lln , css „ written order 'of o'mtT vcntipns, to frame new Const Hut tons, in v of ,, le Directors. which such a conservative principle \yill most likely be engrafted. Illinois will soon follow this wake of her sisters, and Indiana is the debating ground at this time for the question whether their rotten Stale Bank shall be re-incorporated. This question is boiiud to be progressive. It cannot be smothered, although in some sections it may be delayed. The time is not far distant when the whole Paper 7. A record of payment of subscription shall Ire the evidence of proprietorship for the year it is so paid. 8. The Treasurer at each annual meet ing, and so often as he may Le required, shu! bonder nn account of all receipts and disbursements of the Cluli for the yens then past. 9. The Recording Secretary shall keep Scheme, note a legalized fraud, will vanish n - nd . nl and be remembered only for its monstrous corruptions and temporary power.—Cin cinnati Enquirer. animal meeting report a list of the mem bers of the Club, and also of those who may have forfeited their rights ns mem bers. 1*'. The Librarian shall keep a enta- TIME TO CUT TIMBER. ,, r tl , . , . , , r n - .i i, i logtte oral! Ihc hooks in the Librarv. and In a paper by T.mothv Pickering, pre- ns „ s nil finos for lo damngc or dt .i c ’ I1( iol f sente, olhe agnci.ilural society of^Inssn- of nnv book n!so |£ ’ an acco £“ chusctts in.1821, i is ascertained that oaks of llook() , oancd to ,, lembt £. felled in May lasted 22 years whereas, j T||e C |„bshall hold monthly mcc9- ihosc cut ui February lasted but 2, though ! in for ,| (C |)llrposc of hcnri n( 4 cgSt exposed under the same.circumstances. A j discussing questions, and receding reports farmer m that Sta e, cut a lurch lor a well-L„ ^cral subjects cinbractj by the sweep m M(*y, and puclrd ihc bark oil ; it ’ Clul* J J . ! lasted 17 years; hut birch foiled in the! ' 12 ; No alteration shall Ire made 'in nrtv winter season, and left with lire bark a - j |>y-Liw, except at one of tire regular meef- taclicd, docs not Inst more than a 'ear. It j n!f xvr jn,. n no ticc having been glyeli at is also stated in the same paper that Inn- j„ prcviolls rog(l!lir mooting. Irer cut in June should he sawed immedt-j * r_ g EDUCATION. ' " .* We lm-o boen anxiotoly expecting some action on the important subject of public Education, re commended by the Executive, and from the delay, feared that the present session would pass, and no thing bo done. Wc are uow happy to say, that our fears arc at an end, and tbe cause of delay made ap parent in tlie desire on the part of the friends of pub lic Education, to bring tho subject fully before tlie Legislature. Every efloit lias been made to pro cure tlie records of institutions of other States of the confederacy; and the results of this investiga tion have &cen only had within a few days. Mr. Armstrong, of Bibb, than whom there is mx member of tho Legislature, more fully competent to this important charge, (for his practical know ledge is extensive,) has brought a bill into the lower House, which appears to ns to meet tbe present demand on this subject Wc are aware that largo sums have atcly aftcj it is cut, ns then it works easier. Jilaine Cultivator. CONSTITUTION Of the Northampton Agricultural, 'Horticul tural and Floricullural Club. Article I. This Association shall he known ns the Northampton Agricultu ral, Horticultural, and Flouicultu- ral Club. Art. II. The object of the Club shall Ire the-circulation of general intelligence ami practical instruction, in all the branches ol Agriculture, Horticulture and Floricul ture : 1. By the establishment of a perma- inent library of the best Ixm. ks on those sub jects. 2. By the establishment of a correspond^ once with other bodies seeking tbe same j been annually paid for public Education, the result? objects. j of this expenditure being ackiKwiedged hy Mac.-— 3. By procuring the most rare and vnt-1 Mr. Armstrong’s bill provide* first then he the ap- uablc kinds of seeds, plants, shrubs and pnintment by tlie Legislature of a saperiBtrmlcnt of I rces. I Education to visit ano'.ially the difiereut counties of 4. By the establishment of Lectures,! the State and examine into this disbataomenL A Discussions, Exhibitions, and other means : further duty imr.osed upon this officer, is to compilo for the general circulation of knowledge on the subjects embraced by (lie Club. 5. By planting shade trees on nil tire avenues and public squares of the town. Art. III. The officers of the Club sluill consist of a President,three Vice-presidents. a Corresponding Secretary, a Kecordir.jr system m»y~be fully before the public mind before Secretary, a Treasurer, a Librarian,a Slr,n'i. any legisUtii* action is had upon it; and tbe su- from the systr mm now in use by other communities, one that shall oe adapted to out Institutions, and re port the si.na to the next session of tbe Legislature. He r* fr^ther directed to lecture upon the system compiled at each county town, to the people of tho State, during the ratess of tbe legislature, that the periuteudent of Education is further required to make the necessary ewminatian for dividing the counties into regular school districts. AH this is as it should he, and shows that Mr. Armstrong moves upon his subject with perfect confidence as to tho strength of his position. The people should bo ing Commit tec of three persons each on Agriculture, Horticulture, end Flori.cr.’tturc, and a Board of Directors to be com’jooed of the President, Vice-Presidents, u'jdChair- men of the three Standing ’Committees. Which Board shall have tb, e charge and f cneml management of the property and undo to understand tho plan of Education upon lisiness of the Clulx Si'joject nowover to theirnnim•*» to Jamimi- tor tWrinuL the order afid dire<ujr rfl «({ erc of ’ A» T -iy. AB tb. e officers shall be cho- sen by ballot s.t,' (bo annual meeting of the Club, which rj na |i fo hotden on the first Wednesday jn August in each year, at such tttvae and plaoo as the Directors shall order. _.-»rt. V. A1I special meetings of the '-’IMb shall bo called by the Recording Sec- '““•."r.etery, on the requisition of a majority of P'-o»| the Directors, or of any five members, made which their children are to depend, for their intel lectual advancement. Another important comiderqtion is, that the sal ary of the officer, is the only item of expenso that wo are called upon to incur blindly upon a subject, on which hinvdredf of thousand buvo bc^p ..... . — Injuries may bo atoned for and forglvOD, but insults admit of no compensation; they degrade the mind in its own epteetr force it torecovciittlevel by revenge.