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VOL. L ALBANY; BAKER COUNTY, GEORGIA, JANUARY 14,1846. THE ALBANY PATRIOT, f-UUSHED EVERY WEDRESDAY KORKUTO, BY NELSON TIFT & SETH N. B0U6HT0N, Editors and Proprietor!. TERMS. - tt rt Dollars per annum, if paid in advance, or Do'.!!"* at tl,c ent * °ftho year. AhettiremenU not exceeding twelve linen, will at One Dollar for the first insertion, and riwentsfor each continuance. Advertisements * laving the nnmber of insertions specified, will \ aablWifd until forbid. ^toofbimdand Negroes by Executors, Adminis- . • f r« »wl Guardians, are required by law to he '.Jvtftitfd. in * public gazette, sixty days previous to ihpJlV oimlc. .|- i( of Personal Property must be advertised litr manner forty days. - Krtiv t» Debtors and Creditors of an et estate must upddiahed forty days. \dtirf that application will be made to the Court JOtliiarv for leave to sell 1 .and and Negroes, must iit-d weekly for four months. auMuiwu weekly tor tour months. H.'utlilv Advertisements, One Dollar per square insertion. j til U-tters on business must be port paid. MISCELLANY. depends tbe career of human liberty. Little dkl the miserable pedant and bigot win then ruled the scep tre of Great Britain imagine that from this feeble settlement of persecuted and despised Puritans, in a century and a half, would arise a nation capable of coping with his own migbty nation in arts and arms. In founding their colony they sought neither wealth nor conquest, but only peace and freedom. Tfcey asked but for a region where they could make their own laws, and worship God according to the dictates of their own own consciences. From the moment they touched the shore, they labored, with orderly, systematic and persevering industry. They culti vated, without a murmur, a poor and ungrateful soil, which even now yields but a stubborn obedience to the dominion of the plough. Thoy made no search for gold, nor tortured the miserable savages to wring from them tbe discovery oi imaginary mines. Tho’ landed by a treacherous pilot upon a baren and in hospitable coast, they sought neither richer fields nor a more genial climate. They found liberty, and for tho rest it mattered little. For more tlian eleven years they had meditated upon their enterprise, and it was no small matter could turn them from its com- As I said before, I shall not accompany them in their adventurous voyage. On the 83d day of De cember, 1630, according to our present computation, their footsteps presed the famous rock which bns ever since remained sacred to their venerated mem ory. Poets, painters and orators have tasked their powers to do jastice to this great scene. Indeed it is full of moral grandeur; nothing can be more beau tiful, mote pathetic or more sublime. Behold the Pilgrims, as they stood on that cold December day— stern men gentle women, and feeble children—all uniting in singing a hymn of cheerful thanksgiving to the Good God, who had conducted them safely across tbe mighty deep, and permitted them to land upon that sterile shore. * * * * How simple, yet liow instructive, are tbe annals of this little settlement. In the cabin of the May flower they settled a general form of government, upon tbe principles of a pore democracy. In 1636 they pablished a declaration ef rights, and estab lished a body of laws. The first fundamental ar ticle was in these words:—“That no act, imposi tion, law or ordinance be made or imposed upon us, at present or to come, but such as has been or shall be enacted by tbe consent of the body of freemen or plction. On the spot where first they rested from j associates, or their representatives legally assem- NEW ENGLAND FESTIVAL. Tire following extracts are taken from an elo- lS «it address, delivered by Hon. S. S. Prertiss, tforc tue New England Society of New Orleans, niV 2*1 of December, the annual festival of the lauding of the Pilgrims. This is a day dear to the sons of New England, lad ever livid by tbein in sacred remembrance. On ,i,y_ froui every quarter of tho globe, they gath- , r iu spirit around the Rock of Plymouth, and hang .von lire urns of their Pilgrim Fathers the garlands l,iial gratitude and affection. We have ossom- :;oi for the purpose of participating in thi* honora- "e duty; of performing this pious pilgrimage. To hear will visit that memorable spot We will pie upon the place where a feeble bond of pcrsecu- id exiles founded u mighty nation, and our hearts till exult with proud gratification as wo remember tat on that baren shore our ancestors planted not silv Empire lut Freedom. Wo will meditate upon arirtoils, their sufferings and their virtues, and to- • arrow return to our daily avocations, with minds ' fn shed and improved by the contemplation of their idyll principles and noble purposes. The Imman mind cannot bo contented with the jTCscnt. It is ever journeying through the trodden ikii ;ions of the past, or making adventurous excur sions into the mysterious realms of the future. He who lives only in the present, is but a brute and has not attuned the human dignity. Of tho future but little is known; clouds and darkness rest upon it; we yearn to becomo acquainted with its hidden se crets ; we stretch out our arms towards its shadowy inhabitants; we invoke our posterity, hut they an us not. We wnndcr in its dim precincts till in becomes confused, and at last starts back in like mariners who have entered an unknown a, of whoso winds, tides, currents and quick sands they arc wholly ignorant Then it is we turn for relief to the past, that mighty resorvoir of men and things. There xvc have something tangible to which onr sympathies can attach; upon which we ■■an lean for support; from whence we can gather knowledge and leajrn wisdom. There we are intro duced into Nature’s vast laboratory and witness her elemental labors. Wo mark with interest the chan ces ia continents and oceans by which she has notch ed the ccnutries. But our attention is still more eeply aroused by the great moral events, which have controlled tlie fortunes of those who have pre ceded ns, and still iufluenco onr own. With curi- ■ -i wonder wo gaze down tho long aisles of the ’M, upon the generations that are gone. We be held, as in a magic glass, men in form and feature hie ourselves, actuated by tho name motives, urged w the same passions, busily engaged in shaping out huh their own destinies and ours. We approach them and they refuse not our invocation. We hold loavcrsc with tho wise philosophers, tho sago lcgis- hlors and tho divine poets. We enter the tent of 'he general and partake of his most secret counsels. We go forth with him to the battle-field, and behold him place his glittering squadrons, then wo lis ten with a pleasing fear to tho trumpet and the drum, or the still more terrible music of the booming can non and the clashing of arms. But most of all, a- mong the innumerable multitudes who people the I'M, we seek our own ancestors, drawn towards them by an irresistible sympathy. Indeed they were coir oilier selves. With reverent solicitude we ex amine into their character and actions, and as we find them worthy or unworthy, our hearts swellwith pride, or onr cheeks glow with shame. Wo search with avidity for the most trivial circumstances m their history, and eagerly treasure np every memen to of their fortunes. The instincts of our nature bind us indissolubly to them and link our fetes with theirs. Men cannot live without a past; it is as essent-fo to them as a future. Into its vast confines we will journey today and convene with oar Pilgrim Fa- tbeir wanderings, with stem and high resolve, they built their little city and founded their young repub lic. There honesty, industry, knowledge aud piety grew up together in happy union. There, in patri archal simplicity and republican equality, the pil grim fathers and mothers passed their honorable days, leaving to their |xKterity the invaluable legacy of their principles and example. How proudly can we compare their conduct with that of the adventurers of oilier nations who prece ded them. How did tbe Spaniard colonize ? Let Mexico, Peru and Hispaniola answer. He followed iu the train of the great Discoverer like a devouring pestilence, llie cry -»«rrnlil! cold ! ! gold !! !— Never in tho history of the world had the “sacra fames anri” exhibited itself with such fearftil inten sity. His imagination maddened with visions of sudden and boundless wealth, clad in mail, he leaped npon the New World a,n armed robber. In greedy haste he grasped the sparkling sand, then cast it down with curses, when ho found the glittlering grains were not of gold. Pittiless as the blood-hound by his side, he plun ged into the primeval forest, crossed rivers, lakes and mountains, and penetrated to the very heart of the continent. No region, however rich in soil, delicious in climate or luxuriant in production could tempt his stay. In vain tho soft breeze of tho trop ics, laden with aromatic fragrance, wooed him to rest; in vain the smiling valleys, covered with spon taneous fruits and flowers, invited him to peaceful quiet His search was still for gold: the accursed hunger conld not bo appeased. The simple natives on infernal one—terrible, cruel and remorseless.— With bloody hand he tore the ornaments from their persous and the shrines from their altars: ho tor tured them to discover hidden treasures, and slew them that ho might search, even in their wretched throats, for concealed gold. Well might the miser able Indians imagine that a race of evil deities had come among them more bloody and relentless than those who presided over their own sanguinary rights. Now let us turn to the Pilgrims. Thoy, too, were tempted: and had they yielded to tho temptation, how diftrent zdghl have' been the destinies of thia contitcnt—how different must have been onr °wn! Previous to their undertaking, the Old World Was filled with strange and wonderful accounts of tbe New. The unbounded wealth drawn by the Span iards from Mexico aod South America, seemed to afford rational snpport for the wildest assertions.— Esch succeeding mdventnrer, returning from his voyage, added to tlie Arabian tales a still more ex travagant story. At length Sir Walter Raleigh, tho most accomplished and distinguished Ot all those bold voyagenrs, announced to the world «•**£ bled,’’ See. Here we find advanced the whole principle of the Revolution—the whole doctrine of onr republican institutions. Our fathers, a hundred years before the Revolution, tested successfully, as far as they were concerned, the principle of self-government, and sojved the problem, whether law and order can coexist with liberty. But let us not forget that they were wise and good men who made the noble experiment, aud that it may yet fail in our bands, unless we imitate their patriotism and virtues. Well may we be proud of our native laud, and turn with fond aflection to its rocky shores. Tlie spini or uk> i>;i L ,ri— out, i— :. .„a its fortunes. Behold the thousand temples of tlie Most High tint nestle in its happy valleys and crown its swelling hills. See how their glittering spires pierce the blue sky, and seem like so many celestial conductors, ready to avert the lightning of an an gry Heaven. Tbe piety of the Pilgrim Patriarclis is not yet extinct, nor have tbe sons forgotten the God of their fathers. Behold yonder simple building near tlie crossing of the village roads! It is small and of rude con struction, hut stands iu a pleasant and a quiet spot. A magnificent old elm spreads its broad arms above and seems to lean towards it, as a strong man bends to shelter and protect a child. A brook runs thro’ the meadow near, and hard by there is on orchard but the trees have suffered much and bear no fruit, except upon the most remote and iucessiblo bran ches. From within its walls comes a busy hum, such as you may hear in»diovir , “’dbee hive. Now hundred children, with rosy cheeks, lmscl'i’i’cvious eyes and demure laces, all engaged, or pretending to be so, in their little lessons. It is the public school—provided by law: open to all: claimed from tho community as a right, not accepted as a bounty. Hero the children of rich and poor, high and low, meet upon perfect equality, and commence under tlie same auspices the race of life. Here tlie sus tenance of the mind is served up to all aliko, as the Spartans served their food upon the public table. Here youug ambition climbs Iris little ladder; and boyish Genius plumes his half-fledged wing. From among those laughing children will go forth tbe men who are to control the destinies of their age and country; the statesman whose wisdom is to guide tlie Senate—the poet who will take captive the hearts of tho people and J|iud them together with immortal song—the philosopher who, boldly seizing upon the elements themselves will compel them to his wishes, and, through new combinations of their primal laws, by some great discovery revolutionize both art and science. sweet dews of morning the gentle recollections of our early life; arouod thy hills and mountains cling like gathering mists the mighty memories of the Revolution; and fire away in the horizon of thy peat gleam, like thy own bright Northern Lights, the awfol virtues of our Pilgrim (ires! Bat while we devote this day to the remembrance of our native land, we forget not that in which oar happy lot is cast. We exult in the reflection that though we count by thousands the miles which separate us from our birth-place, still our country is tho same. We are no exilea meeting upon the banks of a for eign river, |o swell its waters with onr home-sick tears. Here floats tbe same banner which rustled above our boyish beads, except that its mighty folds are wider and its glittering stars increased in num ber. The Mas of New England are found in every State of the broad Republic. In tbe K»«r, the Sooth, and the enbooadad West, their blood min gles freely with every kindred carrcnt. We I rave but changed our chamber in the paternal mansion; in all iu rooms we are at home, and all who inhabit it are our brothers. To us tlie Union has but one domestic hearth; its household gods are all the same. Upon ns then peculiarly devolves the doty of feediog the fires upon that kindly hearth; of guarding with pious care those sacred household gods. We cannot do with less than the whole Union; to us it admiu of no division. In thn veins of our children flows northern and southern blood; hmv shall it be separated; who shall put asunder the best affections of the heart, the noblest instincts of our nature ? Wo love tho land of our adoption, so do we that of our birth. Let us ever be true to both; and always exert ourselves in maintaining the unity of our country, the integrity of the Re public. Accursed, then, be the hand put forth to loosen •lu. cmlricn cord of Uuian: thrice accursed tlie trai torous lips, whether of northern fanatic or southern demagogue, which shall propose its severance. But no! the Union cannot be dissolved; its for tunes arc too brilliant to be marred; its destinies too powerful to be resisted. Here will be their greatest triumph, their most mighty development And when, a century lieucc, this Crescent City shall have filled her golden horns; when within her broad-armed port shall be gathered tlie products of the industry of a hundred millions of freemen; when galleries of art and halls of learning shall have made classic this mart of trade; then may tlie sons of the Pilgrims, still wandering from the bleak hills of tho North, stand upon tlie bonks of the Great River aud exclaim, with mingled pride aud wonder, Lo 1 this is our country: when did tlie world ever witness so rich and magnificent a city—so great and glorious a Republic! cry of the province of Galana and its magnificent From tka Farmers Library. ANIMAL AN D MENTAL FORCE. * Difference between them—Strength of mtk of different Nations compared. In every industrial occupation there ore actually involved two totally distinct officer, which are paid for in very different degrees. paid for in very different degrees! These arc tlie animal force, and tlie men tal exertion which directs it. The ques tion of relative cheapness or dearness of labor altogether depends on the relative proportions we want of those, and the pro portions in whicti they are possessed by tho man we hire. Now, owing to the general absence of industrial activity in this coun try, the mental power is not at ail so uni versal ns in Britain. It is hence dearer in Ireland, whilst animal force, destitute of industrial skill, being less abundant in Great Hritain, is dearer there than it is with us. A bricklayer in London gets 22s; per week and ins lali ‘ ' >orer 14s.; a bricklayer in Dub lin gets 25s. per week, and his laborer but 9s. These proportions arc often said lo bo caused by combination and threats against employers. It is not so; the fact Being that men who know bow to set bricks nro proportionally more abundant in London, ana men who do not knowhow to <16 .jb- ure man; ubuudant with us. This diversity produces both the power of combining, ana the diffetenen of wages. Considering man merely ns a source cf animal power, it is gmlifling to have jt proved, that when at all welt fed, there is ■ . ... 1 / v.vliisn in Slip? no race more perfectly developed, os to physical conformation, than the inhabitants of ibis island. Professor Forbes instituted an extensive scries of observations oft ho size ami strength of the students attending tho Uni-craiiy of Edinburg, who may bn considered ns fairly representing the mid dle classes of their respective countries; and I have subjoined the similar results of Professor Quetelcl regarding tlie students of tlie Univeisiiy of Pruxelics. Tho strength indicated is tltnt shown by pulling out tlie stem of n spring dynamometer. Ar. Ifrght in inch s. Aa iceipkt in pounds. Ar. x/re*x*4 inpanmU. Englisb, (SI 151 403 Scotch, (.9 162} 423 . iriph. 70 155 433 Belgians, 68 150 339 The Irish are thus the tallest, strongest; and heaviest of I lie four races. Mr. Field, the eminent mechanical en gineer of London, hnd occasion to examine die relative powers of British and Irish the Instit ute of Civil Engineers in London. nuGfluci urcuared for his return to Suez, it 1 lie Institute 01 t/ivil l^ngtncrr- in la mu • unsadiV^msht wbenl ereachedthe coast. I!e found that the utmost effort of a man Thc llow if the tide had begun, and it lifting at the rate of one fcot per tn.nula was proposed lo encamp, an5 spend the night on the shore, but tionaparlc refused; lie called the guide, and commanded hint to lead the way. The guide, confounded by an order from a person whom the Arabs regarded as n prophet, mistook the lord, and the passage was lengthened by about a quarter of an hour. They were scarcely halfway, when tlie waves 'of the flowing tide began to rise round tlie legs of tbe f Englishmen, from 11,5^5 lbs. to 24,235 Irishmen, « 17,325 “ 27,562 Tbe utmost effort ofaW clslnnnn was 1 o,I I- horses—the rapidity of the swell was great—the darkness hindered them from seeing the distance they had yet to go. General Caffnrclli, whose wooden leg pre vented him front holding firm to Ins saddle, cried out for assistance. This wus deemed UTILITY OF GEESE TO FARMERS. It lias been remarked that calllo of nil kind's are never unhealthy where geese oro kept iu any quantity ; and tho reason ns signed is simply this, that geese consume ■ . I 1.4_ (•t.rlllSn linXlAllS with complete impunity,- certain noxious weeds and | a signal of distress; the little caravan was instantly thrown in disorder, everybody lied capital, tlie fer-femed city of El Daredo. We smile at his account of tho “ great and golden city. and “ the mighty rich and beautiful empire, can hardly im^ue ^t^o« could tavebelfered Tint common village school U New England’s j his own way. Bonaparte nlonc co " l . l ” , '® < * fairest boast—the brightest jewel that adorns her tranquilly to follow bis gttufe. St til l Ire uirest uoaso- wale ' r r( £ e> his horse became frightened brow. The principle that society is bound to pro le for its members education as well as protection, that none need be ignorant except from choice, is vide for iu members education as well as protection, alM j refused to advance—the position was vide tor iu me . , he i casl delay was death. One for a moment, in their existence. At that day, How ever, the whole matter waa received with tbe most Implicit faith. Sir Walter professed to have explo- redthe country, and thus glowingly describes it from his own observation:— . “ I never saw a more beautiful country, nor more lively prospects; hill, so raised here and thereover the valleys—the river winding into divers “re"®"®* —the plains adjoining, without bush or stubble—Hi fair green grass—tlie deer crossing in every path— the birds, towards the evening, singing on every tree with a thousand several tunes—the airfresh with a gentle easterly wind: and every stone that we stopped to take np promised cither gold or silver by iucomplexioo. For health, good air, pleasure and riches, I am resolved it cannot be equaled by any region either in the East PC .vest.** Tha Pi!- rims were urged, in leaving IIo«and,'to seek this charming country and plant smoog iu Arcadian bowers. WcU might thepoor wanderers cast a longing glance toward* lt ^ h *yW r valleys, which aeemed to invite to the^mostTmportant that belongs to modern philoso- 0 f t | lc guides, remarkable for his great height phy. It is essential to a republican government. an( j Herculean strength, , leaped ^tnlojjie Univeraai education is not only the best and surest, 8Ca> l00 k the General on his shoulders, anil, but tho only sure foundation for free institutions, holding fast by horse’s tail, carried Lonn- True liberty- is the child of knowledge; she pines 'f ke a child. Inn few n.mutcs the away and dies in the arms of ignorance. water rose to his arm-pits, and he wptn y . * * lose his fooling; the sea rose with frightful Thev have wrestled with nature till they have rap iditv; five minutes more, and the dcstl- nrevailed against her, and compelled her relucUntly „j£ a Q f (| ie world would have been changed to reverse her own tews. Tlie sterile soil has be- by |hc death of a single man. Suddenly come productive under their-agacions culture, and , ho £ rab shouted, he felt he touched the the barren rock, astonished, finds itself covered with shorc; lbe guide, quite exhausted, fell up- luxuriant and unaccustomed verdure. on his kneej—tlie General was saved al Upon the bankt of every river Cay build temples t |,e moment bis strength was gone, to industry and stop the squanderings of tho spend thrift waters. They bind the naiads of the brawb !n" rtrcanTand* compel them, like the nd daugh- 0 f every one alone, and attend to your^own tera of Dankos, to pour unceasingly from their gift- Don’t bi thers. WewiU.p-k.to and they Ml - t of tbe wild Atlanticjonded 'upoothe bleakest | the J^^reS SreLtri a hundred a^ Rod one care worn exiles. To the wra^SlM^T^tbk had "reeo'ved'to vindi-1 ^‘’^wkd'kkleSt'the of New England live ed a hundred a>* And oris -re #ntn exUei. Tothe w' temp^x^ ^ JS&fomanfrheir pnn- the unsrarae ^ Their advontur- ? , “ l observer no event could seem more to add dominion to their native land, and to |«c ^ ^ waters of every sea. Bold and Tbccra.tempt^e^of^wo^ro^ly Northern they go forth . . After full discuss** and am- rc*uo-- . , ^ m irrhtv deen. The dtlrned to noli— it Yet the famous verael that bore Cesar and bit fortun- carried but an ignobte * l J as the c the rocky shore swim forth the- ocean birds—horn how they spread . hrcexe an d wing their flight to every quarter of tho out globc-Uhe center pigeons of the world! Itisonon boreQnsaraod biafortun--rri-om«^ drtennlned tbrt their'pasture,and over it. wkte prairies he despised to seek their fortun- in the mighty deep- The freight compared with that oftho M*yflo • objects could be best accomplished bya settlement little band of pilgrims broagbt with them, neither obpcu* ^ Northern Continent, winch wealth nor power, bat tha P riac ‘P 1 f*° f 5‘ v . holdout no temptations to enpid'ty—no m- ligioaifreedom. Tbq, tinm in theWert—U Continent they follow the monstrous h»ds that fowl upon Glorious New England! thou art still true to fame and worthy of any wesfrsl boo- hy children, have assembled in this fer- ^ifrwoble^rpoM. historian, “Trusting to God and them—Ires, thc y („ irit 0 f the boar. On thy pleasant Tallies rest like - - - nwiloni illtoPTlW* cultivated and developed them to a fall andhuuriairt ^h ^solution tothe accomplish- j -a. ■rturity; and then famished then to thefrp—te<^ noble purpose. lath# hug—goofthe grasses, which taint more or less, according lo their abundance, the fin est paddocks pastured by horses, bullocks and sheep. Most formers ,«ue aware ot this, and in many places where tlie beeves appear sicklv, geese are lut into tbe pas tures, amt the soil where they tread con verted for the lime being into n sort of in firmary—JVcir Farmer's Journal. Last IVords.—Commodore Elliot, when apparently unconscious, culled n fnend to him nnd arid “I nm about to be launched into Eternity.—Stand by mo nnd keep my Un‘ head to the Union.’ Moice to Young Men.—Let the business r one alone, and attend to your own uv what you don’t want,—use eve- J . . • Avon If “Hallo ! my dear,” exclaimed a newly married man to his wife ‘what arc you fumbling about your inouilt there fori ‘Just Inking out my teeth, love.- i ‘The deuce ! well you can l talk, w hat s the matter now 1* me iiinuci * , , % ‘Oh, that’s only my palate dropped ou-, * ^‘Thunder 'and blazes I Why—why •WaStfSq a**’! “wl* ry hour lo advantage, and study, eye" 10 i • i, n .. ra .t—fiil tlnnk twice be- temed'haunts, and force them to desert each favorite fore you spend a shilling, remember torn— naunts, ana .— w jlj l, aV c another to make for it ; find rcc- it ilie other day of a hair dresser. The man tpok to his heels, nnd has not. been heard of since,-though a nian resem bling him was seen not long afterwards in quiring the way to Texas. f or UDO n river, creek and bay they are busy w , u , luyc ttiiwuivs aw - : * giiiTC, ■_ • smats d,nnrii and ml- realion in looking after your business, and transforming the erode forest into staunch and gal- rC auuu iu *<~*“**& /j"' tent veJte From every inlet or indenture dong so your business w_. II |«J»»£(dc£eok after recreation; buv 1?W, selll fair ami in the wild wood, fledged npon the wave. Behold i a £ c ca f C of the profits ; to thev .oread their white pinions to tho Wing u. ,, -, Jook over your books gularly,and ityou find an error trace it outshould a stroke of misfortune cotnc It is upon acro s3 you in trade, retrench—work hard er, and never fly tlus track ; confront diffi culty with unflinching perseverance, they wi/disappenr at last; tUghyousU.dd fall; m the struggle, you will be hon- even mu, iu mic j a ..a ored; but shrink from the task and you will A Use Breast Pii^-Bama.n, « in the'movement. I'•* s« u ' V the sizeof ia man’s list,X'rvM fo“ali5bI?Mr C. in his bosom, nnd its head selves for a | w iFojfcfiigttm Report of anew Rerolntion in.Mexico.—A private letter was received lo day front Havana, of the 9ib insl.. fr £" r to the Sunday Atlas, ’hqt ter,* the lion tamer, has^a little dog. ateut half the sizeof a man’s fist, ries in his' breast-pin, IreenreceivedatVem Cruz, an hour or two no opposition to him in the city. The grounds of his pronanciamento arc, t he tn- nexation of Texas. It a foreign nation was