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; “ llwdoau, JH&lice, MoaerMtotu” " ■.■■•'•"I', ' IF'” . ' 1,1 ■' VOL. i. ALBANY, BAKER COUNTY, GEORGIA, JANUARY 21,1846. <j>HE ALBANY PATRIOT, rVCLUUiED EVERT WXDZESDAY IIORMMi, BY NELSON TIFT & SETH N. BOUGHTCN, Etlitars and Proprietor!. TERMS. T\VO Dollar* per annum, if paid in advance, or . ' at One Dollar for the fin* insertion, and -.. rent, for each continuance. Advertisements ^IiLvins the number of insertions specified, will '■ -nUifilcd until forbid. ".Hl „f UnJ anil Negrocsliy Execntora, Adminia- ,' aml Gnardiana, are required by law to be T^*ed in a public gazette, sixty daya previous to ll TV ial w of Personal Property must be advertized like manner forty daya. Notire to Debtors and Creditors or an estate must *'VJirrthat application will be made to the Court ' Odin*tv for leave to sell Land and Negroes, must noblirW weekly for foiir months. ' Monthly Advertisements, Ops Dollar per square t. r ‘e»rli insertion. j All letters on busincaa must lie port paid. POETRY. LIVE TO DO GOOD. BY BEY. CEO. W. RETHCXE. live to do good; but not with thought to win From man reward of any kindness done; Remember Hut who died on the cross for sin, The merciful, the meek, rejected Ose ; When 11e was slain, for crime of doing good, lanst thou expect return of gratitude ? Do pmd to all; but, while thou servest best, And at thy greatest cost, nerve thee to bear, When thine own heart with anguish is opprest, Tlie cruel taunt, the cold averted air, From lips which tliou hast taught in hope to pimy, And eves whose sorrows tliou last wiped away. Sill do tliou good; hut for His holy sake, Who died for thine, fixing thy purpose ever High as Ills throne, no wrath of man can shako; So stall He own thy generous endeavor, And take thee Ui Ills conqueror’s glory up, When thou last shared the Saviour’s bitter cop. I> i nought but good, for such the noble strife Of virtue is, ’gainst wrong to venture love, And for thy foe devote a brother’s life, Contcnt’to wait the recompense above; lime for the truth, to fiercest insult meek, In mercy strong, in vengeance only weak. Galileo was elated,'and published his Dialogue*, in which be brings out the theory, contrary to the oh* ligation he had taken, and in a manner the most in temperate, and the most satirical and contemptuous to authority. He was accordingly cited in 1638 to appear at Romo, and was condemned,—the ques tion turning on his contempt for authority, and not at all an the truth or falsity of his doctrine. What punishment was imposed upon him we do not know. But be was not imprisoned. While at Rome, be resided in the palace of his friend, the Tuscan am bassador, and during the trial was subjected, at most, to a nominal confinement,—as Mr. Drink wa ter, in his Life tf Galileo, and Mr. Wbewell admit, —for four days, in a splendid apartment in the palace of the Fiscal of the Inquisition. Such are the main facta in the cask, as simply and aa briefly as we can narrate them.” Reading aloud. Wlint art is so general, and yet so sel dom performed as it ought to be as that of audible, reading! Let a passage full of ex cellence, cither in prose or rerse, be read aloud in succession, by several persons who have all enjoyed what is called a polite ed ucation. By most of them we snail hear it pronounced in a monotonous lone, with scarcely any regard to I he pauses of the sentence, of to the mod trial ion of the voice; and what is the consequence ? An inca pacity, on our part, to attend to what is ■ cad—a tendency lo wander away from the subject, or possibly to sleep, hut none at nH lo listen. We might often be tempted to say to the reader, ‘Undcrstandcst thou what thou rcadcsl V and we might in Irtuh, suit- pose, that the subject of t ho passage had found no place in his mind and intellect. By some one of the party, on the conimry, we shall have the same sentences impress ed on iltc ear, and through ihc car on ihe mind, in all its excellence. Its meaning will become so clear ns not to be mistaken, its beauty so perceptible as not to be disre garded. The cause of this change is the simple fact that the present reader of the passage has thrown himself into the mind of it* author, nnd hy n due attention to ponses and modulation, has succeeded in presenting it to us in its native force. MISCELLANY. [ion THE ALHAXY PATRIOT.] Moors. EditorsBe pleased to extract tho ac- rimpxnring notice of the trial and condemnation of (.'alike, by ihc Court of Rome. It is important that facts of History sliould be clearly stated in a country like ours, which purport* to base all its I olitic.il action at least upon its great truths—shutt ing l be bad and adhering to tho good. b N0T1CER. THE THREE SEASONS OF LOVE. With laughter swimming in thine eye, Hint told youth’s heartfelt revelry! And motion changeful as the wing Of swallow waken’d by the spring; With accents blithe as voice of May, Chanting glad Natere’s roundelay ; Circled by joy like planet bright That smiles mid wreaths of dewy light; Thy image such, in former time, When thou, just entering on thy prime, And woman’s sonso in thee combined Gently with childhood’s simplest mind, First taugbt’st my sighing soul to move With hope towards tho heaven of love! Now years have given my Mary’s face A thoughtful and a quiet grace; Though happy still, yet chance distress Hath left a pensive loveliness! Fancy bath tamed her fairy gleams, And thy heart broods o’er bameboni dreams! Thy smiles, slow-kindling now and mild, Slower blessings on a darling child; Thy motion slow, and soft thy tread, As if round thy hush’d infant’s bed 1 And when thon spoak’st, thy melting tone, That tells Iby heart is all my own, Sounds sweeter, from the lapse of years, With the wife’s love, the mother’s fears! By thy glad youth and tranquil prime Assured, I smile at hoary Time! For thou art doom’d in age to know The calm tint wisdom steals from wo; The holy pride of high intent, The glory of u life-well spent When earth’s affections nearly o’er. With Peace behind, and Faith before, Tliou render’st up again to God, Untarnish'd by its trail abode, Thy lustrous soul; then harp and hymn, From bands of sister seraphim, Asleep will lay thee, till thine eye Open in immortality! The Mormon*.—There is intelligence cent more for aUdrecriprioua ofFlcm^ Brer.H from Illinois, that the Grand Jury of the and Provisions, than they did last teueqo. This in fTnltnJ filfiiafl IliilriFl r?nnrt uittincr. nl *“ * * * ^ ul lium iimivic) in«k twu wtwftv* wuy vt SUV United Slates District Court, sitting at Springfield, has been investigating the stale of oflaini at Kauvoo. The result is, they have found twelve indictments, (most ly against the head men of the Mormon Church,) for counterfeiting the coin of (lie United States. Among the number indict ed are Brigham Young President of “ The Twelve,” and Orson Pratt, a prominent lea der. A FEARFUL PRINCIPLE CONCERN ING HABITS.* There i* one feat tire in the law of habit so important in its operation, and nt ihc enmo limo DO distinct in i<» uaiuie, tlnu It appears to dcntnnd n seperate nolicc. Uttr power of passive sensation is weakened by ihe rcpctiiion of impressions, just ns certain ly ns our active, propensities are strength ened by tho rcpctiiion of actions. This principle appears to be of very gen- oral upplicmion—lo the organs of the bod} to the Ficarl. . . A person nfiliclcd with chronic disease, adopts the use of narcotic medicines; but as the doses arc repented, he soon finds that the effect of each of them diminishes: lie is therefor obliged to increase the number or quantity of his draughts, in order to maKc up for ihc decoy of I lie passive iw- For the very same reasons, the NOT1CER. prtss on. For the very same reasons, the ‘ Cut Galileo was not condemned for teaching inker is forced, by the tyranny of hall- theory, nor was the theory itself condemned, i., lQ rccur t0 ),j s |,ox with an evcr-increns- i;or wis Galileo ever imprisoned, or required to re- • f re) , ucnc y j and the gin-drinker, under ir.ct ui* doctrine. What, then, aro tho real facts # g j, n j|nr stern compulsion, is sure to mul- n the case 1 It appears, that Galileo, by the man- , and cn | ar g,. |,is potations. In nil ::cr in which lie proclaimed his theory, hi* intern- ,j |egc cascBl there is not only a weakening ]-craacc in advocating it, and his attempt to recon- jjj C organs, but a decay of the . i'.e it with the Scriptures, created him mauy cne- |ncn ,„| section. The power of the mod ules, who sought, in 1615, lo get him cited before icine j g , cg8 am j | CBS fu |, . the pungency ' :o Inquisition, but without .fleet. No censure |Jjp powder nnd the lire of the liquor arc v.i* passed upon him or his doctrine; he was aim- and less enjoyed; but the craving is jly required to speak as a mathematician, to confine ; ncrcasc ^ i| )0 vacuum is enlarged, the nc- hmisclf *o his discoveries and his scientific proofs, |jy c propensity is wrought up ill the consli- v. itliout meddling with the Scriptural question. mi ion, and the man becomes the slave of n it will, this Galileo was not satisfied. He nuut- hig fr.hit on two things,—first, that his doctrine was de tonated, and second, that it waa supported by Scripture; and he came of his own accord to Romo, ia 1G1G, to obtain a decision of these two point* in his habit. GOOD HABIT . When the present king of France was a *0 l *° P“ nU •“ voting man, some political diffictdues drove bit favor. There was no charge against him, he j |im a from his native land, nnd he 'via not cited lo appear, but he came of hi* own ac- ..... n , Ant „ 0 limn in ilie United Suites. He cn! to obtain the sanct i nrnvcu m a i«i»uwuii/h»»i —• --* - • , .-arc raw.— Tho court of Romo ro un- ncconlpaI1 i e d by his two brothers; nnd illinff to interfere; but, at length,yielding to the | ik.« nAtnmdnrMi n tour of 9CfC- . uortunitie* of Galileo and his friends, tl. finally referred tlie question to the Inquifition * * H-ilil/vt: that 18 8CVC- coun- |'!II1CWIU»M^‘» , ‘-” 7 . . ... . .. RCUUIIIIHUUCU . . ■ illinff to interfere; hut, at length,yielding to the | SOQn n |*, cr t j 1C y commenced a tour of ipirtnntties of Galileo and his fr.cnds, tlie Pops , hnndrcU m i|csthrough portirof the Inally referred lire question to the Inquisition, who j which were then very little travelled, decided tlie two points against Galileo; that is, they ,h 0U |j|i ( |, e y are notv our gr Jat thorough- in .fo-irine was not demonstrated and f atcS ' A map of their journey, accurately 1 1... si. It'll tv I Ilf* V n no IIB t’.eciueu U»C -ft— ' ■ -J decided that tho doctrine waa not demonstrated and not supported by Scriptnre,—for these were the simple points before them,—and .enjoined it upon Galileo not to teach it henceforth as a theory de monstrated. and to observe silence is to the Scrip tural question. This would still have loft him free to teach it as on hypothesis, and to lave adduced every mathematical proof in ita favor in his power. But Galileo waa not content with this, which left him fan liberty a» a scientific man, and he waa < here fore forbidden to teach the doctrine at all.— '.rhif, as nearly as we can seize it, is "the purport of the decision of tlie Inquisition in 161G. But there m in this no positive condemnation of tho doctrine, and no retraction of it required. Gahteo wrojUU honored at Rome; and when hit MwACsrftoJ Ib.mb.rini, became Pope Urban *****£•*” came to Rome again, was received with the highest honors, and the Pope bestowed a pension on him For seventeen yean after this decision in 1616, Galileo continued his mathematical pursuits, und*- turbed, with the greatest success, receiving orery- where honor and applause, and nowhere more won at Rome. Cardinal Bambarint, who dimented from the decision of the Inquisition, became Pope Urban tho Eighth. I(o was the Wend of opposed to the heliocentric theory. GalOeo’eftioniU under this Pope were everywhere encouregod ana promoted,and it accmod tliat ono ncoded only toed- v«at* his doctrino to he sore of the Popes favor WAY TO TREAT A BLUSTERER. All moralists know well enough that the one who boasts most is iuvariabiy the great est coward. The blusterer always talks big—and others having heard him, he is sometimes caught in the net of his own fol ly, nnd is compelled to send the challenge lo some one to light,because he is a coward, and has not moral courage to net like a man, nnd not make a fool of hintsclf. It one’s bravery. Judge Breckenndgc of Pennsylvania, once being challenged to mortnf combni,wrote lo his opponent that ho did not care to shoot him, because a dead man was of no value, not half so useful as a dead goose, nor a fat calf. So lie decli ned lo shoot him; but if, in the mcanlimc, the fiery challenger should be too savage to contain himself, lie could mark out the judge's shape on his stable door, and shoot nl il to his liearl’s content. When Judge Thatcher was, many years ago, member of Congress from Massachusetts, he was chal lenged to a duel by Mr. Blount, member from North Carolina, for words spoken in dcbal'c. The judge, on reading the mess age from Blount, after adjusting his v ig and revolutionary liat, said to the bearer “Give roy respectful compliments lo your master, and tell him he cannot have a def inite answer lo-dav Let him be patient a short time, till 1 can write to Portland, and receive an answer. I always consult my wife on matters of importance, well know ing thnt she is a belter judge of family af fairs than myself. If she consent to take the choice cf becoming n widow, or havmg her husband hanged for murder, I certain ly will fight Blount. Tell him not lobe in n hurry: it will not take more than three weeks to receive her cleeuon.” We say these judges had moral courage. They were not so craven as to fear to re fuse lo set themselves up like a turkey- buzzard to be shot at—and besides they did not hesitate to ridicule the blusterers who had challenged them. It must be by ridicule these Bombastes Funosos will be put down. At this day, no one, who had the courage to be above the sneers of flats, would estimate his person in the scale with a goose, to be put up for a.silly gamester lo fire nt. . The uncertainty thnt now exists in re gard to war, tends to add interest to any thing that could bo made available ns an offensive or defensive engine. The follow ing description of n remarkable invention, taken from tha New York Herald, will at the present time, be read with interest. If nil that is stated respecting it be true, if will indeed lie a formidable engine : During the last few months a series of experiments have been made with n new invention, originated by Mr. McCarty, n gentleman connected with the Nnvy Yard at Brooklyn. These experiments were ordered by the Government, nnd witnessed by distinguished persons, nnd were considered by litem lo lie most-novel, most original nnd ’most startling, in n nnvn nnd military point of view. Commodore Stewart, it will be remembered, spoke of n project by which it would be possible lo de fend the whole hnrbor of New Y ork a gainst Iltc combined fleets of nil ihc pow ers of the world. This may appear lo lie gasconade, but from information which lias been cammunicatcd to us, wc are fully assured that Commodore Stewart’s nsser tion is perfectly correct nnd literal. The scientific gentleman nlludcd to, Mr. McCarty, who is now connected with the Nnvy Yard, has invented n new spe cies of artillery,which will discharge thirty balU in a minute, or one every two seconds, for hours togclher, in succession, this hy mechanical power alone, wihotil gunpow der, chemical substance, or any oilier prep aration. It is cffeclied by merely putting the balls into a hopper, nnd Idling ihe ord nance throw them with immense moment um, nt the rale of ono every two seconds. On one occasion, Mr. McCnrly exhibited the operation of this invention m the Navy- Yard, before n number of naval officers, «U astonished by tho forte power cxntim«.», >«•’ >"'■■ •t™® . 1 •ilicity of ihe machine. About twelve lo twenty pieces of solid timber were united together, forming ono compact body. A- gmnsl this piece of wooden breastwork, Mr McCnrly opened the lialicry of lus niece of ordnnncc, nnd, in less than ten minutes, the whole solid breastwork was ullcrlv demolished nnd shivered, by the powerful nnd rapid succession of discharges upon it. ... . . The simplicity of this invention is one of its most singular features; in wliirli re spect it much resembles the anecdote lohl of Columbus nnd Ihc egg. “ Can you make ibis egg eland on one endr snul Columbus to the Spanish grandees. 1 hey tried and failed^ Columbus instantly took the egg, indented one end, nnd then easily made it stand erect on the table. I hey regarded his feat ns a farce from its sim plicity ; whereupon he observed, Y ou think it now so easy a matter after U is done.” It is exactly so with this wonder ful invention. The secret of it is known nnd recorded in history from the time when David went forth with sling and stone to combat the proud Golinh. The principle of this new invention is simply a modifica tion of the principle of the sling, applied lo machinery, in connection with n tube or the aggregate forms an immense item of wealth,' and ooe that does not fall into the hands of afaw, bat la distributed generally throughout the country. The production of Wheat alone, exceeds a hundred; millions of bushels a year. The advance of twenty per cent on this article ia over twenty mlHions of dollars. The production of Corn is over foeir hun dred millions of bosbols. The advance on this ar ticle alone, even at tan cents a boshd, amounts to the large cum of forty millions. If other leading, articles are added, the increased value ie truly im mense. Mach of this estimated value, however,' must be deducted, aa the producer consumes largo quantities of the produce of their own making,—hit the advance in the snrplue they aend to market to them a rich source of income. From the Southern Cultitotvr. RESPECT FOR LABOR. There is no mistaking tlie signs of the time#; and these signs plainly indicate, all over the United States, that the day is well nigh gooe by, when la bor,was considered disreputable. Look, for Instance, to tlie State of New York;—and see the increasing interest, every year, taken b; the people, in tbs State Fairs. The last was held in Poughkeepsie, and in thus described in one of our exdtuge papers: “The Late New York State Fiaz—Agri cultural Exthcsi ask—Ikcreasixc Resfect roe I.adou.—To those who hare attended the sucoesr- ivc State Fairs of New York, comparisons between the past and the present will be at race suggested.— Not only the absolute change which is to dearly manifest, but the spirit at work strikes the mind witii plcasuieable wonder and pride. “ Four years since, when tho first State Fair was called at Albany, it was considered a matter of doubt whether the great experiment would succeed. It was deemed more than questionable whether even a. sufficient number of visitors could bo induced to come there, to pay the expense in getting up theso U. V. L'.i. i.-.m l,„U anil it 1111 L5« sw vs J • 9 • drawn by themselves, with the various routes marked with ted ink, is still inexis tence ; nnd whnt is still more remarkable, there is on accurate account showing the expenditure of every dollar during their slay in the U. Slates! Both the mnp nnd lira account arc shown by the king with much satisfaction. It “ an - f business-habits well worthy of imitation. HUSBAND AND WIFE TO BE HUNG. At Fayeltesville, Arkansas, ontho HHh uachincry, in connection cun, throwing out a discharge of balls. The machine is so constructed, Mint, on put ting in at one end the bolls to he dis charged, ft rotary motion is produced by means of a crank, nnd, by n few rapid rev olutions, each ball receives a force and mo mentum equal to thnt communicated by any quantity of gunpowder. \Vhen this has been done, a slide starts and allows each ball to escape in succession front the chamber into n tube, when they arc thrown to almost any distance, and with unerring Farmer’s Festivals. That Fair was brid, and it succeeded beyond tho most sanguine expectation.— It was found to bo a most attractive place to visit. Those who went, messenger-like, soon spread the new* in their several locilities,uml those who neg lected to go, afterwards regretted that they had lost so much pleasure. The next State Fair waa held at Syracuse. Tlie gathering was large, and the exhibition fine. Tho uext at Rochester, where Wes tern New Y’ork poured out her richest treasures and thousands and tens of thousand* of people.— In 1844, it was given to the Hudson River Coun- {«?, ft\.4 >n lY7/l} , ft?^in«HdB8f, , orVtr AtAioffioh w orthy of her past reputation, whilo tho people gathered there not by thousands, but tens of thou sands, to celebrate this great annual holyday. In 1845, the fair was awarded to Central New York at Utica, from which so many thousands have recent ly returned to thoir homes, ami. where tho exhibition in the really useful has surpassed that of any previ ous year. “ At every successive Fair there lias been an in creasing interest evinced, until now the cnthusksui has become so wide-spread among all classes, that the question is not, Have yon been there ? but rath er, Hat* you not been there? “ One of tlie test evidences of this deepening and pervading interest is tlie increased attendance of ladies, whose presence is thus calculated to dig nify and adorn tlie useful in the Farmer’s life. Four years ago their attendance was limited. Tho num ber has increased from year to year, until the fate Festival at Utica at least one-half the visiters were ladies; many from distant parts of the State, and of a class too, who do not usually attend these exhibi tions. They came there with their fathers, broth ers and mothers to commemorate the great Harvest Homo of New York. We allude tothis circoro*tan<;e because nothing can lie more calculated to render agricultural exhibitions popular with our people, who 'are noted for the respect they entertain for the fair sex. Their influence in forming the tone of public opinion is of inconceivable moment, and therefore, we hail their presence upon snch occasions, rat only as calculated to enhance tl* pleasure of the hour, but a* tending to give interest to tho occupa tion of the farmer, and to elevate the life of manual labor to that pouitiM which it should occupy in the minds of the rising generation of our republic. “ It requires little perception to see that farming is becoming fashionable in this country. Young men of poaitira, wealth and edneatioo, now pride them selves upon having afinely managed farm, and a superior breed of stock. Atthe Into fair we met -ounc men of fortune and finished edneatioo rearcc- ly in their majority, who have become fanners, and who pointtriwito peculiar pride to the mttdss tb.y had raised for exhibition. The influence of such examples is to be^e^^. Tenjewn , , This ingenious invention, for which n Naval.—We understand that our towns- m lla ^bc CD la ken out at YVashington, man Commodore George C. Rend, left ^| d which ought to be purchased, is worth exsmpc.. —rfnublic opinion Philadelphia yesterday, to proceed to Bos- ® 50000 o—nny, even millions, lo the Arne- wucesuch «zs^;^ ^ M havebeen^Jmost ton toThoist lits broad P c . nnam ^ m ^ r n d .° f Scan Government, in the present crisis of ™ *.%^^thot they werefarmers— the frigate Cumberland, as Commander By means of such machines, ashamed to ocknowieago . — . ... in^hieTof the squadron which is tocrutsc ^ in the Cl?.t the Narrows^ cop« ; thoro d^cf richly hayjramri, for n time on the const of Africa, and then .... 1—-rh..u. n in tho Mediteranenn.—Pennsylvanian. anycalibre. i ne wltde combined fleet-of yriative to the fitting out an expedition to Oregon the murder of Jonathan Silbey, on tlie 12lh ment Messrs, us » racket between of August last, in that county. Stlboy was i of the Chenamra, now running asa packet betmra a bachelor livednlonc, an unoffending nnd' the Sandwich Islands and tlie Columbia nvcr.and worth? man At the instigation theiraverriofour^^m^-tarotokenra father ft ml mother, above referred to, the.r interest in the could find, and rctnrncd home. JohnBur-j HomUg#gfoCi „ ho makes a jest. notl is still at large. at New York. 'When we reflect upon the astonishing revolution in the art of war, which such n species of ordinance is calcu lated to produce, and the means of defence which it is capable of supply mg, •» “‘® " expected that the Resident and Congress will take up thts matter, and have an ar mament prepared on this principle, whic bv its cheapness, its efficiency nnd .P 0 T'[ as a means of defence, is beyond nil that has ever been conceived or seen in the world hitherto. It i- n revoTiition at once. hose days at mcnq unduhcuhhlerund sounder tooe Is infused through out the State, and we rosyhope Unowcfaowt AelJa- ion. The cultivation of the sod fa now regarded with a reel pride. The toil, i*rdgnedhund«ndth° randrarnl face are no V»«r* Labor is awroacblnf the true dignity of its position, they sbotdd be, in m republican country like Though much hat been dene, much remains to be dene. iMraovEKzXT should bo the.ceostaat watchword In uU fifadrfsifaof fanai^f. When any thing is to be done, it may be as well dono well, as shabbily done, and freq^T nense and trouble. The great point in all farming S be to get the full worth oft- B should be to get the full worth ey expended. Tho experience of every enewOrt Zee call to mind how much is wasted. The coire narison and observation of overy former will cou- innitv suercst somctlung better. When altera- i Iff,' t.he m!de. common .case would * «hJ war fever be removed,thatU*rammffwiura, arotobeJn Sd ( " I tl* country.! at one, ray that there ihpuld ’’ ancHhe producers are receiving nearly twenty pexisri -. be doss in an