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SAVANNAH, GEORGIA, TUESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 7. 1865.
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NO. 15
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VANNAH, GEORGIA.
fl ESBAY mOHJNING, NOV. Hh.
MATTES ON EVERY PAGE,
If STATE CONVENTION!
rc in Our Special Correspondent.
afternoon session.
Millidgsvillb Oct. SI, 1885.
|[he Contention re-assembled at half past
|;iie
following message from the Governor,
ich was received this morning, was read, on
ion to suspend the rule:
Executive Office, >
Milledgeville, Oct. 31st, 1865. J
,ileum of the Convention:
have the honor herewith to transmit to
copies of telegrams sent by me on Friday
to the Secretary of State and his Excel-
ct the President of the United States.
iTheso telegrams and the Teplies to them,
[ore communicated, exhibit all the official
Tcourse I have had with the Government
of its officers in relation to the debt of
irgta. J. Johnson.
Prov. Gov. of Georgia.
i :nv
[Copy.]
IF. II. tie:card,
Seely of State, Washington, IJ, C.:
|l\'e are pressed on the war debt. What
juld the Convention do ?
J. Johnson,
Provisional Governor.
[Copy.]
L/hs Excellency Andrew Johnson, President
\l'iiiltil Slates, Washington, Li. C :
V'e need some aid to reject the war debt,
bd me some word on the subject. What
|ti!d the Convention do ?
J. Johnson,
Provisional Governor.
|The Convention here burst oat into a roar
■laughter.
Ifhc unfinished business was then proceeded
till.
i long argument took place in reference to
e election of Judges. Some gentlemen con
fided that the election should be by the
ghlature, while others held that it should bo
| the people. The question was undecided
pen the Convention adjourned to half-past 9
l-morrow morning.
MlLLKDQF.VU.LW, NoV. 1.
The Convention met at half-past nine
dock this morning.
Mr. Cohen, from Savannah, offered an or-
ance for the sale of the A'Jantic Railroad,
|ued at Id,200,000, which should ha divided
shares of $100 each, and that the said sgla
mid he advertised in all the newspapers of
.State for one month. The ordinance also
ided for the manner in which the bonds
Id he held, and other matters in connec-
witb the proposed sale. He said he would
discuss the matter, but simply begged
s to have it referred to the committee of
en.
■ denkins, chairman of committee of six-
rrquested that the gentleman would refer
matter to a special committee in coDse-
ice of tie already large amount of work
got through by the committee of sixteen,
ir. Cohen then moved its reference to %
"nittee of seven.
lr. Joshua Ilili opposed the ordinance, as it
[willy went to acknowledge the war debt;
he said, because it contained matter
ie Legislature. The question as to whether
debt was to be acknowledged or repq-
should he first disposed of, after which
“Id be time enough to speak of the sale of
Maotie and Gulf Railroad.
-jl’arrott also opposed the ordinance in a
fheoed address. He said the Sind? goad
remain as it had up to the present, the
' P'eoc of property in the State. It should
11 with the people, and not with those Shy-
vhose pockets were lined with the money
Slate. At the conclusion of bis address,
Jenkins sa.d: 1 rise for the purpose of
I to lay this ordinance ou the table for the
t, and let us take #p the order of the day
u to go on with the work of opr (3q^siitii.-
This ia the first day of November, and on
day of this mouth as this Convention
decided, the peopl# *y# to be called on to
Orators and Representatives, psif hfve in-
t'nce ig to the manner in which they are ha
'ad. Let us, since there is but a fortnight
.'section in held, go through with the Con-
™“, »od when that is dope, badly « I want
’“eme, l will sit here and listen, v4b g|l
eace [ can command, to debases pn other
■■ 1 beg the Convention to fay this n)»*.-
i, k "bletor the present, and let us go on
I. p C institution.
II rise to make a personal expiana-
aad no idea that my simple motion to
irr ®w tter 10 8 “* ,eot committee should
J en birth to so much elootunce —not elo-
i > has been said behind me. Some allo-
been made that were very offensive,
i! "v'v offensive
oa Hill here turned ronod to Mr.
I-D'h
f
OF
TILLSOJST,
GEN’L
Superintendent of the Freednen’t Bureau
for the State of Georgia.
Sr - Josi
pen.' |
® e d < an»' 7 Xot b T T° u <lr > fo r yon have dis-
f c»a r»» 1 rlse *° *“ 8t 1 P u y th« man
[»tni Dt e [ 8ee 10 bis neighbors’ conduct any-
Nbv th L , In '“Educing that bill, I was
fotism “6 highest and holiest sentiments ot
litin. f° r the express purpose ot
WtU MI ., li8Te< * sentiments of harmonv
l ' «u, genllemea of this floor, and distract-
|of discussion here, J moved
»ord n o e y *bat that might bo presented.
|««l!, r 5 # *® * nd i ** done, i do not own
J?' Bt ale seeuntios, either directly or
., o any form; an g g0 f ar # n fforing is
“«tion!i e 7* r il be 0< **>• J»e*rt ® r b* of
»ho ln '« r «at*, there is no man ou this
tot on?„r U .T ered more do^aly than I have.
e ihe? K° f tb ? ee ,le * k fat m*n, Shy locks, j
Wirt, tu. 8 been ealled. whose pockets srs
rof .h a , mo . ne y of the State. I do sot own
! owner «f dlre “ tly or indirectly. I never
|U.at mv . °I *. wn *le dotlar of It, and I re-
Delivered flefore the Delegates of the Georgia
Convention in the llrjiresentatices’ Hall, at
Milledgettille, on Friday evening last.
Gbxtlehkn : The object of the Bureau of Re
fugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, seems
to have boen largely misapprehended and misun
derstood. I 3m glad to avail myseif of the op
portunity to explain to the representatives of the
people, coming from all parts of the State, the
real objects and purposes of the Bureau. I hare
nothing to conceal—bnt desire that the people
throughout the State, white and black, should
understand aad appreciate fully i nd completely,
the real purposes of the Bureau—-the work it
proposes to do; and the policy which will gnide
its actions. Unfortunately, the Bnrean to no
small extent, is regarded by the white people, as
simply the champion of the freedmen—right or
wrong. It is represented as preferring and be
lieving t^e statement of the freedmen rather than
that ot the wh te man—as intending to force the
whites to accept the blaoks on terms of social
equality, and as having been designed, and or
ganized, and put into operation fur the express
purpose of annoying, humiliating, persecuting
and nffonsiveiy intermedd ing with the affairs of
the white people of the South On the other
baud, the 1-eedmou seem to be somewhat under
the impression that the Bureau is to famish
them food without labor, and to assist, next
Christmas or Now Year, in making a distribution
among them, of the lanas and otner property of
tbeir former masters.
I scarcely need'cell yon that one of these opin
ions it no more ansnrd than the other; and that
such are not the objects or purposes of the Bureau.
It seems strange that the Bureau should
come to be regarded and represented in this
offensive light, when we remember that the
act creating it authorizes the Secretary of
War to make “such issues of provisions,
clothing and fuel as he may deem necessary
for immediate and temporary shelter of desti
tute and suffering refugees and freedmen, and
their wives and children;” and that the offi
cers and agents have already distributed food
and clothing to the value of hundreds of thou
sands of dollars to the poor of the South, who
would have otherwise, in many instances, per
ished ot starvation and cold ; that it has fur
nished the suffering refugees am} freedmen
transportation to their homes or places wberp
they can provide for their own wants, and that
at the head of the Bureau is placed an officer,
not only of great, reputation, and of marked
ability, but even more distinguished by the
Christian traits which adorn and ennoble his
character, a man governed and guided by the
highest and noblest motives, earnestly wishing
and striving to benefit his countrymen, and to
do simple justice to all.
X intend to speak frankly, with entire can
dor, and with none bat the kindest feelings
towards the people of the State. I am (ton-
vinced, that when they have clearly under
stood once what the Bureau proposes to do,
they will approve of its intentions, and I hope
and expect, give their cordial co-operation.
The first efforts of the Bureau in this State
are, an! will be directed *o aiding all refugees
and Iieedmeu, who qiay need assistance tp qbtain
homes in the country wba-o fair wages and kind
treatment will be secured to them. It is not
prop .sed to allow any of these people to remain
in and about towns and cities, unless they are
well, and profitably employed, or have sufficient
means to provide for their own wants. I need
hot detain you by describing the manner in
which the result may be accomplished. I will
only add that sufficient steps are being taken,
whioh I am able to assure you from experience,
will produce the desired effect. The distribu
tion of these person* stpong tbs white people of
tbe S'ate, and ab.8orpJti.ip ay tpborprs, fqy wMph
pirition and duties they a-e fitted, is re.-arded
as the only permanent, practicable and «Hi dent
ma wjj of providing for their wants. Where una
voidable, temporary hospitals will be established
to provide for the wants of the Sgitfo sick end
decrepid, and very young ohilafeD,’ until the
Stite can put its machinery in motion and pro
vide for i s own poor.
Here I may remark, that complaint is some
times made of that order of the Bureau, announc
ing that the sick, old and decrepid, and young
cb'ldrea shall not be dri ven from their cabins or
the hoipe$ of tljefr former owners, Let me re
mind yon that your §fate jaw yary wisely re
quires the owner to provide far his old end help
less slaves during the balance of tbeir lives.
For aught I know, the people may decide that
this is still right; and that the eounty or city
shall not be bqrtbeoed by the support of persons
who have spepjtfhpir lifetime >o the service of an
individual who has received tbe benefits thereof.
However this may be, tbe Bore in does not even
propo-e to enfoioe the law -f tbe S ate on the
subieot to its full extent It o’ ly directs that
these paoplo shall' tjp provided for by. their, for-
mer owners, until such time ng tbe 8t»}e |ba|l
make provision for their support "The Barest),
by no mea-s, direots that y»u shall be com
pelled to support the freed people, who are able
to labor to provide for themselves and f unities,
or wh m, for any reason yon do not desire to
have on your plantation. It is also proposed,
W'dh the ajd of tbe benevolent societies, to es
tablish' schools ; bnt it U not ioiscdgc} to confine
them to the u o of the freedmen' alone. Qo 'the
contrary, schools will be provided for the use of
fefugoee and other poor white children
Mn deeti " “
And here let me say that I am fully aware ' hands of officers charged with the dnty of pro-
that this is a point of great interest to the peo 11acting freedmen from oppression and cruelty,
pie of this State, and that upon it depends the ; This is one of the important dn'ies of the offi-
reliability and permanency of labor, without cers ot the Bureau; they are to strive to the
which it will be impossible to engage in agri- utmost to avoid giving just cause of offence to
cultural pursuits. I know yon will tell me
that while some of tbe freedmen will labor
faithfully, are industrious, honest and useful
citizens, a large proportion of them will not
work for the inducements that readily secure
labor in other countries; and this is the fact.—
I know it, not because it is tbe universal state
ment of tbe people, but from mv own experi
ence in the Bnrean, and from data carefully
and conscientiously collected by my agents or
myself. I know, too, that as a race, they have
in a very large degree the vices of a people just
emerging from long years of slavery ; that they
are great liars and most skilful thieves ; that
they are breaking into smoke-houses through
out the country, and are stealing and killing
animals to an extent that jeopardizes the future
prosperity of the State.
These are disagreeable facts. I wish they
were otherwise; but they are facts, and no
amount of persistent denial or ingenious argu
ment will change them. I know that much
may justly be said in extenuation of tbeir faults,
and in praise of tbeir good qualities; that it
may be predicted that, with the advantage of
freedom, they will gradually become honest,
industrious and valuable citizens. With my
whole heart, I hope this pleaitntintieipation
may be realized. I will do all in my power to
produce this much-to-be desired result. But
with the past, or expectations of the future, I
have little or nothing to do. I must act with
reference to the present, and as tbe facts now
forced upon my attention may seem to require.
And when I say that the frecdm&n who re
ceives a fair and just compensation for his la
bor, and is treated with justice and kindness,
will be compelled to comply with his agree
ment, and to work faithfully, I mean what I
say, without mental reservation. I know that
this is the settled policy of the Bureau, and
that it accords with the wishes and intentions
of the Government. It is, of coarse, easily
perceived, that if the freedmen refuse to labor
for their own support, and were not compelled
to do it, they would entail upon themselves the
most fearful suffering, and bring upon the
State and country a great calamity. As a guar
dian for these people, to which is entrusted all
matters pertaiuing to tbeir welfare, the Bureau
would fail most lamentably, should }t permit
them to indulge in such a suicidal course of
conduct. I know beforehand that the Bureau
can neither issue orders nor pursue any possi
ble policy th*t will prqduce perfectly
satisfactory results in all cases, ft must
be borne in mind that these are seldom
or never reached in any country, that
there is always more or less jarring
and clashing of interests between the employer
and the employee; no reasonable success can be
anticipated oy expected- The success that is
attained will depend in a large degree upon
tbegood temper, skill and tact displayed in
the management of laborers by tbe emplqyer.
How »f.l tbe people of this State will sucogeil in
the undertaking 1 do not know, and opinions on
the subject (and that is all that c n be given, as
no where, as yet, has the system bad a fair
trial,) are of very little value indeed. I cao
only promise, that so far as I may be able to
exercise any control in the matter, nothing sh all
be left undone by the ifleers of the Bur.au in
tbfsfltgte, to eepure permanent, reliable aad pro
fitable 1 abor. But whether this aid pan be ex
tended by the officers of the Rureaq, depeDd* al
most wholly if nof entirely, upon a few simple
conditions which the while people of the State
can alone inlfill, and which mast precede any
effort the Bureau can make, in forcing tbe freed
men to labor.
First, they must have fair and reasonable
compensation. It is simply folly to expect satis-
f .otory and profitable labor without this, as the
experience of mankind everywhere has demon
strated. Now while | have not only qjet with
frequent insiappe* Jfhpre the former slave owner
was willing to he just, but evim generous to the
freedmen to a degree that excited my admira
tion, I am compelled to tell yon that among the
many contracts which have been presented to
ftB}cers of the Bureau and Provost Marshals for
approval, 1 (jot a fis^r proposed fq give the tyeed-
man very inadequate compensation, anil I regret
<6 say that in sdme whioh started in apparent
fairness, there were f uod conditions whioh
would inevitably have brought the ire-dman in
debt at the end of tbe year, let him labor ever
so faithlnlly. I by no means suppose that the
eopje of Georvja are remarkable for their dip-
ion Id drive span) haSgeins, hut I think ytnt
dmit there is Stir realon for the exercise of
just find reasonable' supervising cate in this
mot er by tbe officers of the Bureau
Second. They mast be secure in their per-
iqng, their homes and their families, in the'en.
oyment of the fruits of nieir Ik bore, and must
be treated justly and fairly. I am fully aware
of the prejadicea of the people on this snbject,
and I neither propose to ignore nor disregar4
Uiem. and while I desire abpve all things to
fptajf kindly, still it js dViJentty fbf thq inter*
ests Of the people of the State, that from asso-
ciatioK and experience, yon are better judges
of the race than any man raised in the North ;
yon will readily perceivdthat the officers of the
Bureau are in a much better position to know
of the acts of cruelty, injustice and outrage
iqed opon tljtj fpeecjmen, Mian any cRi*eU
ihy of taajt not }wvfl such hots when cora-
during
the
existesee of
ignoranee,
the
' or dinin-r_ *?. y man on *hi» floor.
ItlbE — then left on tha table.
'n & \Ve^„T^ e ^° ? collision on the
a fes/mQ 011 Friday morn-
ozer t • 'k* heyond Griffin, by which
Cru#hed ‘ AW 7 Arthur
I kernSS” C0M J y ’ in **»‘l
un
to
sary it may have been
slavery, to keep tbe oolored people in ignori
it can qo *o nq longer, ft is evidently oi
first.iqjpor'q-noe anfl of tbs‘bighe|t interest qf the
people of this Sta-e, that the freedtpen should be
eduoated. The sooner the better. Tbeir dense
ignoiance, their entire inability to understand or
comprehend the meaning of freedom, iw rights
and duties, is what makes it so extremely difficult
to influence and manage them ; and the sooner
it i< overcome and removed, the sooner it will be
possible for them to become honest, industrious
and useful members of the community. Upon
their intelligence wffl depend tbo : r real value a*
citizens. Officers and agent* will a'so strive
earnestly and aa-'duqutly to initraot the freed
men. in the meaning and eiiOfit ot theil rights,
their responsibilities and their duties.
Unhappily, Urge number! of freedmen seem
to imagine that freedom means rejief from <4*
labor or care, or the right to live a life of itjle-
sess, and even of vice. This must be correct
ed. They W ust pe o)a<je t# understaud £hat
with freedom come tlje responsibilities apd du
ties of freedmen; and thq-t these, they must
speept afld perform ; that labor is a necessity;
that thay can obtain un<J posse#-) nof})}qg wjth-
out R ; that it is imposed pppn them—npt by
tbe white man—but by tbeir Creator, who has
made it the only means of providing for their
necessities. They must be made to under
stand that when they have, or when the Bureau
has placed within their reach an opportunity
for earning their own support, and that of their
families, by their own labor and industry, they
must accept it, unless they have tbe means to to inform rou
support themselves and families without labor r - ■ •“ - ■
ahftt they are not to bo permitted to live the
Ufa of vagrants and become •• burthen upon
hr a'nuisance in A community ; that hiving
entered into an agreemettf, 'Ihfcy wilj be 'rp*
,7x2* of hf quired and eompelicd to comply in good Faith
wifn the terms condition! thereof- ‘-¥gr""
Blitted in his own neighborhood. To tbe off!
cers they become known from all parts of the
State. In some places they are of daily, I
FP'fllft alnsoft say of hourly occurrence. I dq
nop speak at random and of mere rumors or
complain}*, many 1 of ! which ate false or inali-
cious, but from the records and Well attested
facts. I {enow that you, as repre*enta'lve* of
the Stoto, would be Shocked, morticed and in
dignant at the hideous array. There are not
a few instancesoin this State, where freedom
has been a bitter mockery to these people, and
where they have been subjected to cruelty from
which they would have been protected as slave--.
Now I do not propose to be guilty of the short
sighted stupidity and injustice of lodging the
^ho}a people of Georgia by men mean, 'brutil
add cowardly enough to practice useless, un
necessary cruelty on a race already poor ig
norant and suffering, Snch miscreants were
Bevhr a part of the people of Georgia; they
are the rowdies, black legs and scoundrel* of
th8 8}«|e. Yh° A®,* Advantage <?f tbe $*’-!
turbed and unsettled conation of affairs to in
dulge in their naturally brntal propensities.—
Add afthouglf tfow f llife s ffl a f t|pg undeB tl^e
|9®f 8* provqked ty the
hat} behavior of the freedmen in many in
stances, the people may be ind}-pqsed to exert
e{vps in %jr beWf.ret | have qo doubt
iblpc opinion will soon re-eilabtl-h
give powerful aid in repressing gqch
| have mentioned, This um-t precede
a healthful and prosperous state
* your sakes and that of ba
te raise your voices and set
your faces against all such needless viol
and cruelty. I am exceedingly glad to be abl
the white people, and will in every instance
punish freed people who make false and mali
cious charge*. But wherever there is reason
to believe that an act of cruelty has been per
petrated they will use every means at their
disposal to arrest the guilty parry, and if ap
prehended and convicted, such person will be
certainly and severely punished. These peo
ple are free. It is a part of my duty to assert
and maintain tbeir freedom, and protect them
in their juat rights,- and while 1 shall endeavor
to do this in perfect kindness, with the anxions
desire to do simple justice io all, white and
black, with the help of Providence, I will not
fail in doing my whole duty toward them.
The s'ern determination to do this to tha«£al-
lest extent and under all vircams auees, is fortu
nately not incompatible with the most perfect
good will towards all well disposed citizens. Io
this I shall be simply obeyiog the orders of the
President of the United States, who proclaimed,
'‘that these people ere and henceforth shell be
free, that tbe Executive authority of the United
States, together with the navel and military
powers thereof, shall recognize and meiutam tbe
freedom of aueh persons.” I do not propose to
go beyond the record, Lut to confine myself
strictly within it, to obey the orders of my su
perior* and carry into effect the kind and con
ciliatory policv ot the Government. It is also
necessary that the freedmen should ieel secure in
the rights whioh have bean guaranteed to them.
Unless this can be done they will be unsettled,
suspicious, restless and unprofitable laborers.
Unfortunate'y, men are found in the State angri
ly proclaiming that once civil aovernmeut is
restore! and the army removed, the negro will be
forced back to his former oondition, or something
skin to i\ Officers traveling in the State,
especially if without nuiforn, very often hear
such remarks. Tbe freedmen also hear this. It
spreads among them with great rapidi y. We
become alarmed, and to my knowledge this talk
in some localities has made labor even more un
reliable than before. It may be that there it
among the people a latent expectation or hope of
some such action on the part of the State.
If so, they are certainly destined to disappoint
ment.
The people who suppressed the rebellion may
differ on maDy other questions, but about the
right, necessity or expediency of keeping sa-
cred the solpmn pledge made to the freedmen,
fiber? is bqppily no question, only a constantly
growing and deepening conviction that it must
be maintained at all hazards, at any cost.—
Few things in the future are so certain as that
no §tate wjll ever be allowed tq deprive fihege
people of the rights secured tp them by the
success of our arms, and tbe vain indulgence
of any such expectation can only prove injuri
ous to the best interests of the people and the
State.. Doubtless such a policy could be pur
sued which would drive tbe freed people be-
yoqd the h qn}ers of the State, but such a
course would plaiqly be 5uicjd.1l. You muqt
have laboy or tj)c State is ruined. 'She become*
sq toffch yagre land, covered wi>h decaying
and tenantless houses ; and if the freedmen
are driven away, from wbat source is labor to
come? White laborers will not come here,
for the simple reason that other States offer
much greater inducements to them. The
West has soil of inexhaustible fertility, 3 more
(tgrpeable and endurable plimate for white la
borers, settled, established Goyernment schools,
churches, and a people who respect and hqnor
the working man.
They gre we}l awqrp of the value to the com-
munity of an honest, industrious emigrant, and
they take good care that the superior advan
tage offered by their country shall be well un
derstood. I think a little reflection will con
vince the people that the tide of emigration
cannot be turned Souta for many years to come.
The few and simple conditions, then, which
the Government asks the white people fio oora-
piy with we those : To give the freedmen fair
and just compensation for their labor, security
of life and limb, and the enjoyment of the
fruits of their industry. Nothing more. Not
the full right of citizeuship. Not all the privi
leges freely conceded the laborers of thp North.
Grant this id good fifth 1 ifrd.vatl enable the
officers of tbe Bureau to extend their utmost
aid snd as.-istance in securing to you perma
nent, reliable labor, and in helping to restore
order, peace and prosperity. The Government
does not insist opon these conditions si
because it can enforce ‘
utcause 11 can enforce 115 requirements, oi
tua purpose of Annoying or" hnmiliiitrng
people or the South, but because, with the
strubtion of slavery, they become necessa
and indispensable. r ‘ L - L
p
or for
the
with the
- . - I* has become responsible
for the prouc-ion of the freedmeD/aod is
pledged ta maintain their rights and cannot
shrink from this duty. Hut the same military
force it uses in protecting, it will employ freely
, - •. —— alreatv onus to my
knowledge, where tbe freedmen not only refuse
to labor on tbe plantation, but refuse to leave it,
and are setting at defiance tbe righ' fu! authority
°L h l 0W ?*f. OT *I hu P r °P« rt * »» d trampling
upon bis rights. I eau assure you that this state
of things wdl not be tolerated, and that wherever
or „ .. - --Soera
Jr
pqhljc opinion
smDcUately the
uoh abuses are brought to Abe btftidh
" b0 8r « >0 reasonable
dtswhoe of the seen , fores shall be used to place
the owner ia peaceful possession of bra property,
* DC ll 0 PUS'** 1 tbe ,r8ailmaB »or this abuse of their
rights. The wbtte people of .the country are just
„ Sd^d7^ oo j« ttsa
to them. The Bureau 1s ho! the champion of
either. -It only desir-s to secure justfbe to all per
sons, irresphbtiVfe of color 'of nondHiaql’antf to
«ojoronl ( ah this r-equlj it }D(ritssthe\id oi all well
utapofied citijeus. And it no appropriations were
made to carry on the operations ot the Bureau,
hired citizen egenia cannot be employed but to a
very limited extent. I do not deem it advisab e
to make use of them at alt in this State. It is dif
ficult, ia fact it is impossible, to obtain a suffi-
P8°pi? toy eveni iossttf time and vexatious de
lay in adjusting difficulties, ia forcing labor, and
preserving the peaoe.
Arer reading yoar statute* and reflectino
somewhat oarefSlly upon the sub}
0f ,be?r jurisdiction as
atai!*!! , 0 ! ,h * A» d I tell you cau-
hlVntllj* 93 re< i UMt rented, I shall
b* guided solely in my selection* by tha oonsid-
f“« w,eBoy “ d fltnesa, without the
•'ighteet reference to the political opinion, or
peat political actions of three offloers. If
they era hoi»e«f, eonsoieoelous men, aad will do
slmpto Justice to all persons without reference to
color, then they will answer the pnrpoees of the
Bnrean admirably.' If this arrangement eaa be
eonsnmmared, it will enable '
all minor differences
tbe ooantry
whioh thqj I
b .p* remore toueu. of th. -irri,.,^ th , t now
add whfeh so often break* oat tafia open
^ UWilih3nfc
frfisd’gcqpk^ in c*ses ? where they “ir” 7 intore*!
ted. Rufi this is * very different t(;in» *•-
t ioaly belie re it entitled, and if it be really
conceded that these people are free, then cer
tainly this is not an unreasonable request; it is
not asking that they should be allowed to sit
upon tbe jury, but that your own magistrates
should hear tbeir testimony, and decide upon
its value. The officers and agents in this State
will be particularly instructed and required to
be patient, obliging and forbearing. At the
same time let tne remind you that when .day af
ter day an officer has witnessed the evidences
of outrages practised upon these people, when
they have been coming as they do come, one af
ter another with their backs torn to pieces
with the lasb, bruised, cut, shot and maltrea
ted, and when it would almost seem as though
there was a universal disposition to persecute
them, his sorrow and disgust may turn to an
ger, and while in this mood, and boiling with
indignation, a gentleman who abhors snch con
duct toward the freedmen as thoroughly
himself, may enter the office and not be trea
ted with the respect and consideration to which
he is justly entitled, you certainly will be wil
ling to overlook such an accidental occurrence
—you will remember that there is no settled
purpose of retaliation, bnt there is a settled
welt established policy of conciliation.
I know that officers have been found natural
ly cheap and contemptible enough, or so anx
ious to please the white people, whose flattery
they accepted as to use their power in a tyran
nical and offensive manner towards the colored
people. The white people may have Used
such men, but they certainly despised them.—
I assure you that if I have the mortification of
linding such an officer in the Bureau in this
State, he shall not only be dismissed, but dis
graced, if I can po.-sibly have it done. We
mean to serve the people, and really hope to
benefit them; but not at the expense of justice
or manhood. There is no need of mistaking
conciliation and kindness for weakness, im
becility and cowaidice. Let us act with ever
so much caution or cate, we may be mistaken
and may do wrong, but it will not be intention
al. and if shown, nothing shall be left undone
to pat tbe matter tight or make restitution.—
The whole subject ia surrounded by difficulties
and even dangers, and nothing will remove
them or improve the condition of society bnt
time, patience, kindness and forbearaDpe,
wisely but firmly applied. The wrongs and
offenders are by no means wholly upon the
one side or the other.
Bat I say frankly, that from my experience, I
antieipa’e that much more difficulty will be found
in inducing the ignorant free! people to become
law-abiding, peaceful and industrious citizens,
than in compelling the white people tp refrain
from cruelty and injustice toward them. The
latter understand tbeir own interests, and when
onoa this bad temper and irritation, which U
natural enough and tr be expected, have passed
away, I have no doubt they will ba governed in
their interoonrse with the freed people as their
best interest dictates, and this will go far to re
remove the evils which now affliot society.
Yet I know there are glasses of persons
who can only be restrained from cruelty by
sheer force, who are so ignorant and brutal,
that they even imagine there is positive meri t
in hatiug, despising and trampling upon tbe
rights of an inferior race, and who opmly
make a boast of their own shame, You ean-
not change the intentions and opinions of [ jese
people, hut they can be made to shrink from
fihe quick, sharp, certain punishment of a mili-
tary tribunal. This is t]pc only experience
likely tq benefit qr impress sqch pa-sons. Tbe
officers qf thp fiqreau will be further instructed
on no account to do or say anything which
will increase the ill feeling existing between
the races, bnt on the contrary to do everything
in tbeir power to lose no opportunity of re
moving the prejudices of the one and the sus
picion of the other. This is the best and mosfi
certain mode of ameliorating thg condition of
the freedmen and securing the prosperity of tbe
whitp ip*o. There is no reason why a master
who was kind and humane to his slaves, as 1
believe a large majority were, should not be
trusted by the freedmen now; no reason why
an honest, industrious, well-meaning firpedgnafii
and a just and honorable white ii)an, however
widely apapf their social conditions, ghoul- 1
not' be real friends, interested in others’
welfare and ever read; ro protec ^i££
and defend ear* ol h ers > rights.
The '.jteresis of tbe people are no*, antagonis
tic. li is to tbe interest of the wb't* man to se
cure reliable, trustworthy Jahn; it is equally for
the ififiertnp ql tpe ireeduian to become en honest,
indusfinpus and skillful workman. For the prea-
ent certainly, and so lar as human foresight can
judge for the future, the welfare of ihe two races
is inextrionbly bound up together; whatever
hurt* tbe one injures tbeothei; whatever benefits
the one helps tee otner; whoever stirs up stnte
and ill-feelings bstweea the races, no matter
upon what pretext, is a public e ieuiy, and should
be so regarded aud so trquteij. tfietUoa angry
and usin - — 1
SOUT1
WK LAND EMIGRATION
PRODUCT COMPANY,
71 Imflnjr, near Wall Street, New lerk
W. H. QUINCY,iOate of South CaroUnaj,SfcCRETARY
of introdndBj
' ration ant
States.
stationary and Portable Engines, Saw and Grist.
Mills,Oott-rn Gins and PresseVntrper.tlne and Whisky
Distilleries, Agricultural Implemen»s,and labor-saving
Machineryof all kinds furnished at manufacturer**
prices.
Consignments of Cotton, Turpentine, and all other
Southern Products, solicited.
White Labor, (German, Ac.) snppl'ed.
Southern Lands sold, leased and exchanged.
sale or St
Particular attention
siln
dress W. H.
_ m paii
Railroad Bonds and other foul hem Securities. Ad
el to the 1
State and
H. ttUINOY, Secretary,
TX Broadway, New York.
RKFERENC ES:
G. W. Riggs, Baq.. Washington. D. C.
Messrs. Wilson, Gibson A Co., Bankers, N. Y.
Kdward Haight, Esq , President Bank Common
wealth, N. Y.
Henry Stokes, Esq, President Manhattan life In
surance Company, New York.
Messrs. W. T. Watters A Go, Baltimore, Md.
Messrs Tbomas A Co., Bankers, Baltimore. Md.
..U^-Wm. Johnson, President Charlotte and Colum
bia Railroad.
Gen. John H rattan. Win ns boro’, South Carolina.
Rufus Johnson, Esq., President Exchange Bank,
Columbia, 8. C.
oct88—eodlm
CHARLE8 BRUNO,
&c
IMPOBTKR OF AND DEALER IN
Musical Instrument*, Strings,
ROBERT NUNNS’
(Late hunks A clark's
PIANO FORTES,
AND
C. F. Mnrtin s
GUITARS
681 BROADWAY, [Upstairs,]
(OPPOSITE THE METROPOLITAN HOTEL.)
NEW YORK.
N. B.—Brass Instruments, Clarionets, Flutes, Ac., for
Bands made Io order and warranted.
(Whaleaale.) (Retail 1
novl—lm *
157
Wholesale
BOOTS AND SHOES,
Vellner A Poliak,
Broughton street, Savannah (Ta.,
SOUTHERN
COTTON
WAREHOUSE,
Comer Lincoln and Bay Sheets,
SAVANNAH,GA.
OTALLOSl CO..
FACT OHS,
FORWARDING/
AN/)
Commission Merchants,
Respectfully invite attention
the
to our facilities tot
PURCHASE OU MOVEMENT
OF
SOUTHERNPRODUCTS
and will give prompt attention to all huriness entrus
ted to our care. Intending to establish permanently s
house in ^avainah. expect, by Strict BuslneH
Principles, to merit and receive a portion of the
Trade,
Having a commodious
for mm
are prepared to «* ny or Receive ou consignment to
our friends in NetWork or Europe, an-1 will
make advances on fame—p'cking re baling or mending
ali Cotton hefirre .-hipping, thereby saving the enor
n*ona expense Incurred In Northern cities by tbi 1 pro
cess. We solicit a portion of the business of the Pet*
pie of Georgia and adjoining states.
OFFICE, STODDARD’S BAHfiK,
* er. Bay and Lincoln Streets.
Post Office Jddrese, Lock Box *5.
OU7 tf
\ BE enabled, through their permanent House iu
Boston, to furnish Jobbers and Dealers in (hie
City as well as those In the Country, with more advan
tages and conveniences in the
Boot (U|(j Shoe Trade.
th«U any Bouse In said line. ortM—6m
who is bent ou maintain ng some particular the
ory, can only do mischief, and is unfit foi his po
sition, however honest in his conviction?. The
officers and agents ot the Bureau in the State will
be constantly reminded that, above ail other
things, they ere to endeavor to do simple^ justice
aad to do even that « kiqffy.' patiently and
pleasantly qv passible. The experiment of free
nyof is yst to ofi fairly tried. Id some iQ&laocea
it ha* succeeded admiral) y, in maoy othera it has
been a failure. Scarcely anything else, under
the ciicumstances, could reasonably have beeu
expec ed. There is no material object that pen
engage tbe attention ol the people q! this State,
of such vast importance to ihq.til as the aucoess of
thia systetq. It is to be hoped' that the people,
ioV their own Bakes eyill qqt allow qqy passion
or prejudice, howeyqr bqqestly they may enter-
tarn it, tq lqterler* with or prevent success.
I have explained frankly, the real objects and
functions of t e Burem. I cannot help feeling
they will meet wi.h yoor approbation snd ap>
proval. You know how tho suspicion* of rife
freedmen—how thoroughly tipoy d(strfist ‘their
former masfier*, and hod*reA!ilj> they believe and
'fide in the s-a'Omeils and representations of
.. * b ® ?9 re » n » whom they justly regard as
(heir friends, You o.ia readily understand that
it is in our power to bo of great servioe to* v _
Z P to«ndt I U SUre v 7 °\ it U Wxioasd;.
sire to render It luu on j w
good faith the r- .U : ^**3UlfS3LS
unreasonably pqqditlor.s imposed by tbe Gov-
ernment, Vy allowing freedmen Mr compensation
for labor and just trailment, and I promise yon
our heartiest, most earnest and constant co-oper*
alien in inducing and compelling the freedmen
to labor faithfully, and in restoring the State to
its former pesos and prosperity.
I thank yon, gentlemen, lor the courtesy you
have extended tome by your presence, and the
respectful attention given me on this occasion.
Atlanta
Hbadqb’s District of Savannah,
Provost Marshal's Office
Savannah, Ga., ^ov. % li
remission granted oitixen^ fiq
ififi their possession pistols or other
Jfirms, tioes not allow
cealed weapeqia.
Holmes & Patterson,
If*, ii Water Street, New \*r|b
Receivers of Ploiir
WEifERN,
AND
SOUTHERN PRODUCE.
Oonsignments Solicited.
| \RDKHS for Flour, Wheat, Corn and Oats,
' ’ filled at lowest market rates, and directly from
first hands. Urns saving extra profits.
Reoetvers of the well known Brand of Floor.
“Kearsage .llllls,” which will be supplied, and
in lots to suit.
Full Information furnished by
LaROcUE, GADBN A UNCKLK8,
oct25—2m car. Bay and Barnard streets.
TO MEBCHAHTS
HE STICK OF GIOBS
Cv> t d* r Fu J a d Bay Sin ets
Will be offered for sale on
Cash or approved Paper.
Monday, in Lots, for
THIS SALS
WILL BE ON
THE W ASHINGTON
IRON WORKS
Have on hand for sale tbeir
proved jPsntable Sfeaaa Engines,
Portable Circular Saw mills Oasts
Daw mills,Fleur aadCsrenUfifiP
And manufacture to order all kinds qf (team En
gines, Marine, stationary, and PromlEr, Railroad
^ and Turn Tablea,lr<pi Steam Vessels and Barges;
•too, General Machjaaty, Iron and Brass Cast
ings, large tadamall Korginss. Ac., Ac. Address
GEO. M. CLAPP. Treasurer,
_ _ Newburg, N. Y.
Or L. C. WARD, Agent,
M liberty street, Room S, New York,
occt—ly
Kit
r &
rs and Jobber* of
STBA W AxB MILLINERY 600DS
Was. 881 aad 883 Broadway,
(opposite A. T. gtewarVa.)
YORK.
qf Goode, suitable for this market, al
ia respectfully solicited.
A full
Cette* Glas! Cette* fil**! Cette*
Ei*g!
Tkylor. Brown, Eagle, Southern,
Emory & Craven, McCharty.
and Excelsior
C0TTO3ST OUTS,
With Engines, Horqa Pqwera, and every thing com
plete for ruftnma, in store, and reidy for
stflpmeat, at the lowest rates, by
PULLER,
et, New
A-
MONDAY ONLY,
AND TUB
GOODS Wilt BE IFFERED
AT LESS THAN
They Can Be Bought
FOR IN NEW YORK WITHOUT
REGARD TO COST.
AH the Good? not sold will be positively withdrawn
from sale, and Shipped to New York onTneaday.
The Stock consists of—
CLOTHING,
BOOT8 & SHOE8,
HATS,
DRY GOOD8,
YANKEE NOTIONS,
SROCKtRY, GLASSW R£, &C.
octso
Lumber.
\17 WHITE
»v Spruce
Oak, L
Cherry,
ijrner,
Stack I
PINE, Rough and Dressed-
Scantling, mahogany.
Walnut, Ash, Poplar,
Yellow Pine.
Cargoes and small lots supplied.
> a*4 Square Timber Parebiseff,
Lumber dressed to order.
RICHARDSON A BARNARD.
_Bnjet s opposite Mariners Church,
o-tU—tf
Machinery^
stationary
) _and Boilers.
, Fire Engines,
Dps of every deser
ses and Jacks.
Cotton Gtos, Grist Mills, Klee Mffis.
and Portable Steam Engine#
Uthea Planers,
SAW mills.
Daniels, Gray A Wood’s Planing
Mob
Woodworth,
Machines,
Mortising, Tenonin;
, h , T - -
Molding and Sash Machines.
Mftrhfnnrm a ^ Wot'kllUE
Machinery and SuppDsa, Bobber and Leather Belting
COMSTOCK A KINSEY,
oet IT—lm N®. IB* Bay at, savannah, da.
wrested aad