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cur jurisdiction did not reach beyond the in
cot Yi nient boundaries of the territory which
bad achi'Ted independence; now, through
• ee-ions of l»Bds, first colonised by Spain and
Fiance, <be country has acquired a more com
plex character, and ha* for it* natural limits
the cnain of Lakes, the Golf of Mexico, and
on the east and the west the two great oceans.
Other nations were wasted by dril wars for
apes before they could establiah for themselves
the necessary degree of unity; the latent con
viction that our form of government is the
best ever known to the world, has enabled us
to < merge from civil war within four yearB,
with a complete vindication of the constitu
tional authority of the General Government,
and »ith our local liberties and State institu
tions unimpaired. The throngs of emigrants
that crowd to our shores are witnesses of the
confidence of all peoples in our permanence.—
Here is the great land of free labor, where in'
du'try is blessed with unexampled re
wards, and the bread of the working
man is sweetened by the consciousness that
the cause of the country ‘'is his own cause, bis
own safety, his own dignity.” Here every one
enjoys the free nte ol his fsculties and the choice
ol activity as a natural right. Here, under the
combined influence of a fruitful soil, genial
climes, and happy institutions, population has
ircrea»ed fifteen fold within a century. Here,
through the easy development of boundless re
sources, wealth haa increased with two-fold
greater rapidity than numbers, so that we have
become secure against the financial vicissitudes
of other countries, and, alike in business and in
opinion, are self-centered and truly independent.
Here more and more care is given to provide ed
ucstion tor every one born on oar soil. Here re
ligion, released from political connection with
the civil govei nment, refuses to subserve the craft
of statesmen, and becomes, in its independence,
tee spiritual life of thj people. Here toleration
is extended to every opinion, in the quiet cer
tainty tbat troth nee s only a fair field to secure
the victory. Here the human mind goes forth
unshackled in the pursuit of soience, to oollect
storn of knowledge and acquire an ever-increas
ing mastery over the forces of nature. Here the
national domain is offered and held in millions of
separate freeholds, so that our fellow-citizens, be
yond the ooonpants of any other part of the earth,
constitute in reality a people. Here exists the
d- mocratio form of government; and that form of
government, by the confession of European states
men, “gives a power of which no other form is
vi- i ■- incorporates every man with
.V-. V-l-
wanting, there the General Government
eteps in and takes charge of the neces
sary organization; and so it must be ar
ranged with us. It is therefore respect-
folly suggested, that the following coarse
be adopted and the necessary laws enact
ed to carry the same into effect:
L With the view to enable the Govern
ment to exercise its guardianship over
all colored freedmen, a. board of Com
missioners should be organized in every
Southern State. Perhaps the Commis
sioners already appointed, or to be ap
pointed, under the act establishing the
Freedmen’s Bureau, might be profitably
employed for this purpose, without ad
ditional expense to the Government.
These Commissioners should "then ap
point a supervisor and a cashier in every
county or district, to attend to all mat
ters put under their charge.
H. All colored persons who were freed
from slavery by the President’s Proclama
tion, should be enrolled by the snpem-
SAVANNAH NATIONAL REPUBLICAN. MONDAY MORNING.
v=
more of these laborers, with their families,
than they are able to supply within a rea
sonable time with a comfortable dwelling
containing at least four departments each
—namely, one for the kitchen, one for
the storeroom, and two for the family to
live and sleep in;—together with a pig -
stall and a fowlhouse; and eaoh dwelling
should be provided with a piece of
ground, for a gai^An, of at least one acre,
well fenced in.
makes it worse; for the gatherings of veg
etable substances in the alluvial bottoms,
when turned np to the son by the spade
or the plough, will for an indefinite time
to come, exhale this, to the white
death-dealing miasma, and so do the rice-
fields when the water is let off from the
matured rice, and the vegetation grown
in between the rice-steaw begins to rot.
liven negroes who are not acclimated in
these sections, often die of this perni
cious fever, and consequently only aocli-
TY. i deem the following conditions of ■ “vm roror, tutu wuKquoiB, uiuj atwu-
such a contract,—taking the Swedish I mated negroes can successfully cultivate
“Torpor” system for a guide—to be fair I the rich marsh and bottom lands in the
and just I would it, however, be under-1 regions in question. The Sea Islands,
stood that I think it proper that every I however, around which' the salt water
1 • 1 ltrKn in AnnnVtlo and I flVthfl and Hs-tnrfl ava rvovfoofltr KooUVitt
stood, that - — t — —-- -— -
such freed person who is capable and
intelligent enough," to make his own con
tract with an employer and pays the
quota of his Tax regualarly, be not in
terfered with by the Government,
at their own request—to wit:
unless
ebbs and flows, are perfectly healthy du
ring the summer season, and afford, with
proper care, good habitations for the
white man generally.
The section of country next above this
is so interspersed with swamps and sa-
sor, and all able-bodied men and women, g ve or Dollars,
capable of earning wages, should be held ^ we j] ^ jjg -wife and children, to work
to pay a small tax from lto 2 Dollara a
month, according to their several abili
ties,and of which a fund should be creat
ed, for the purpose of providing for the
infirm, aged and orphan and all others
incapable of earning a livelihood, as well
as for providing for schools, hospitals,
U cneir own request—to wii: m ou uuensjxtraeu wau swamps ana sa-
The laborer pays for occupying a dwel-1 va p na hs, and chills and fevers are so pre-
ing as described above, an annual rent | va ^ en ^> that the use of Quinine has _ be-
and binds himself,
capable, because it incorporates every man with
the State, and arouses everything that belongs to
the soul"
Where, in past history, does a parallel exist to
the pnblio happiness which is within the reach of
the people of the United States ? Where, in any
part of the globe, can institutions be found so
suited to their habits or so entitled to their lovo
as their own free Constitution ? Every fine of
them, then, in whatever part of the land be has
hi- home, must wish its perpetuity. Who of
them will not now acknowledge iD the words of
Washington, that “every step by which the peo
ple of the United States have advanced to the
character of an independent nation, seems to have
been distinguished by some token of Providential
azency t" Who will not join with me in the
prayer, that the invisible hand which has led ns
thr uzh the clouds tbat gloomed around onr
path, will so guide us onward to a perfect restor
ation of fraternal affection, that we of this day
may be able to transmit onr great inheritance of
St <te Governments in all their rights, of the
General Gouernment in its whole constitutional
vizor, to oar posterity, and to theirs through
countless generations 1
Asdrew Johnson.
Washington, Deo. 4th, 1865.
THE FREEDMAN’S FUTURE*
Or Suggestions on Ihe reorganization of the
Southern States, in reference to the changes
necessarily to take place in the relation m
between the laboring population and the pro
prietors of land, on account of the aboli
tion of slavery and the raising of a re
venue to defray the necessary expendi
lures for establishing schools, almshouses’
etc.
BY J. P. M. EPPING,
LATE t!. S. COUNSEL IN GEBMANT, DENMARK
AND SWEDEN.
1
eon
A woj
■flat
Now that the authority of the Unitec
States Government is restablished, there
will, in consequence of abolition of sla
very, be a great change in the relations
between the laborer and the employer.
The black man, who in the former state
of slavery, relied entirely upon his mas
ter to think and care for Mm and pro
vide for bis family—not only in ordinary
times and under ordinary circumstances,
but also during sickness, misfortunes
and old age—will now be forced to care
for his timely as well as his future wants;
and it will require time, before he will
come out of his present state>of childish
ignorance, with regard to his new re
sponsibilities and duties. It devolves
therefore upon the Government—in fact,
it becomes its sacred duty—to act as his
guardian, and to see that he does not,
by his own improvidence, become a bur
den upon the community, or perish from
want or starvation,—thereby depriving
a great and rich section of onr country
of th* neoessary laborers, particularly
where the pestilential climate will not al-
the white laborer to perform the
oontinous field labor required by Cot
ton, Bice, Sugar and other rich produc
tions of these very regions. It is furth
er the duty of the Government to place
the freedmen under the protection of its
wise law. see that he is justly dealt with
by his employer, and that his testimony
be taken in the courts of justice, etc.
The position of the freed colored peo
ple is one of great delicacy. The freed
negro,—either voluntarily or forced by
circumstances, leaving his former habi
tation. comforts and necessaries, all of
which belong to his former master—is
lit rally destitute of all and everything
wherewith to sustain life. He has neith
er property nor money, neither lands
nor beasts, nor agricultural implements,
neither pot nor pan, and hardly clothing
enough to cover their nakedness; already
the few thousands of agol and women
and children, tMown upon the hands of
j 1 ?!: Government, have caused serious
difficulties and occasioned great expen
ditures of money—what will it not be,
when nearly four millions of people are
thrown upon our hands ? The rate of
mortality in the camps around Washing
ton alone, as shown by the reports 6f
the respective superintendents, if by it-
self alarming enough, to cause the true
philanthropist to look around him for
other means and ways to provide for
these unfortunate people.
Where are, then, the means to come
from to provide Schools and Churches
Schoolmasters and parsons,Hospitals and
Almhouses, Physioians and Nurses for
these four millions of freed people as
aforesaid 1 They themselves certainly
cannot—without a proper organization
of their labor—their former rich but now
impoverished masters cannot, and it is
feared, that the already heavily taxed
people of*^he free States will not sup-
piy »e heavy stuns annually required
fore^iae^r 6- The ? a estfon there
fore arises, how are these necessary
means to be raised then ? We answer
theae means must be raised fm™ “~ swer >
these same freed j amongst
gauization put into^LrU^Md ° r ‘
funded by thd Gove^ent *
®*?*;safSSa?S
etc. At wtu —I -
great portion of them are so improvident
and indolent that they will not or can
not pay this tax, nor even provide for
themselves or their families properly.
Such people should be taken in hand by
the Commissioners, upon the report of
the supervisors and cashiers, and appren
ticed of hired out, for a given time, un
til they have learned to husband their
means, so as to be able to jiay this tax.
The person hiring them, in the mean
time, to pay this tax, or at least be re-
•pon Bible for the same- In fact, the pau
pers should be taken care of in the same
manner as is now done in theNorthern
States.
TTT. In order to insure the observance
and execution of all contracts and agree
ments between the wMte employer and
the colored laborer—who generally can
neither read nor write—it should be
made obligatory by law, that all such
contracts be made subject to the inspec
tion of the proper authorized Govern
ment officers, and, withal, have their ap
proval and sanction, to be binding.
The planters and farmers should be
encouraged to retain and settle their
former slaves on their cultivated lands;
make contracts with them for their la
bor, and to give or hire them small pat
ches of land, and to furnish them there
on comfortable small cottages, ensuring
by these means a good feeling and har
mony amongst all parties. The produc
tiveness of the country would then go on
as formerly, and the immense quantities
of valuable commodities which the
Southern portion of the United flutes is
capable of bringing forth, would again
supply our own markets and the markets
of the world,—the latter being of parti
cular advantage to us, as it supplies the
necessary exchanges for foreign commo
dities consumed by us. Our western
farmers would, on the other hand, again
find more remunerating markets for
their produce in the Cotton, Rice and
Sugar growing regions of our own coun
try, than is now the oase abroad.
IV. According to our experience, there
are forty full working hands in every
one hundred of the colored population
of the Southern States. This would give
between 15 and 16 millions who would be
subject to the tax, and fully 20 millions
of Dollars could be realized from the
same annually, wMch is throught amply
sufficient, in time, for all the purposes
mentioned.
Y. The extraordinary high price of all
Southern productions afford an immense
stimulus to the Southern people to
make speedy and careful arrangements
with such freed people as they oan ob
tain for the purpose, to enable them to
work and cultivate their lands again and
raise a plenty of these commodities, so
as to reimburse themselves for the losses
sustained during the time they or their
section of country were in a state of re
bellion. We think, therefore, if the
Commissioners mentioned above, were
authorized and instructed to pursue a con
ciliatory courseand policy, and induce the
Southern landowner, to adopt the above
mentioned course, that much might be
done towards restoring harmony and
good feeling in the country.
VI. The act, establishing a Freedmen’s
Bureau makes it the duty of the Com
missioners appointed by the President,
in pursuance thereof, to make from
time to time such temporary rules and
regulations, and insert such clauses in
said leases, as shall be just and proper to
secure proper and reasonable employment
and support at wages, or upon shares of
the crop of such persons and families
as may be residing upon said parcels and
lots of land which said rules and regula
tions are said to be subject to the ap
proval of the President; but as there
will be many such persons whom nobody
can or will hire, suei as infirm, sick and
cripple, orphan and aged, wMch will
have to be provided for, as well as pro
visions will have to be made for school-
houses and teachers. Almshouses and
hospitals, physicians and nurses, some
mode of raising a revenue, will have to
be devised as already mentioned in the
foregoing, as the whole country where
slavery formerly existed, is now entirely
destitute of any such institutions and
conveniences.
Vn. It is therefore recommended that
system, something like the Swedish
peasant system, be adopted for reorgan-
lzing the agricultural labor system with
regard to the colored persons freed from
slavery. Some few of them may have
taken advantage of the President’s kind
orders, as given to the Board of Tax
Commissionery for South Carolina, and
bonght or hired small lots of land to set
tle upon; bat the great majority of the
four millions of these people, inhabiting
the Southern States, cannot and will not
avail themselves of the same, for reason,
that they have neither the means nor the
knowledge to cultivate the lands, even
after they have obtained them. They
have no money to buy materials for
houses and fences; no means to procure
agricultural implements and beasts; no
food until a crop can be gathered; con-
s^iuently, it is far better that they should
triW U t d i? on the landfl of the more in-
““*» who 1188 the means to
provide them with immediate necessaries
and comforts, under thel^STnd
ofth ? OeneralGovernment,
Commissioners as aforesaid;
until tiiey have procured means and
knowledge enough to settle on lands of
their own.
i Y a IIL Every person owning or hiring
lands sufficient to enable him to
hired labor, should have the privilege Jt
making contracts with these freed people,
from 12 month to 12 months at a
under the superintendence of the board
of CommjBMoners or their appointed
agent (supervisor) in a district No
#oa should be allowed, hawaver, to
whenever able and called upon by the
proprietor to do so, and receives there
for the following wages:—first in kind,
all the year round: one peck of com, or
its equivalent a week, for each grown
member of his family—children in pro
portion—also a quart of milk, or its
t. as ior proviuiuB .u. r: 7 XrZTZ portion—also a quart of milk, or its
1- etc. It will however be found, th t a gq^iyaient each day—further in money;
I- oTAdi nortion of them are so improvident * on
1U1WAV1 AAA aaawaavj ,
every able-bodied male to receive 30 cts.
and every ablebodied female 20 cts. a day,
children in proportion, for every day they
perform work for their employer. Their
own lands would supply tnem with the
necessary vegetables, and their poultry
and swine with the necessary meat. In
un ' this manner the maintainance of the family
is insured, even if the laborer is preven
ted from working by sickness or mis
fortunes.
Instead of the milk proposed to be
furnished, the laborer might be furnish
ed with a cow, or food for a cow, and
—«^i»A»«»Aav AIMO I/O
come of almost daily necessity to all its
inhabitants, unfitting them in a very
short time for out-of-door employment
the colored man, however, remains per
featly healthy and hearty, and is fit for
any kind of labor. In these regions
there is also at certain times and seasons
of the year a pernicious high bilious fe
ver prevalent, under which many a ro
bust white, as well as black person in
the prime of life, finds an untimely
grave.
It may be said these swamps will be
cleared and these savannahs will be
drained, and then the climate will become
more salubrious.
Many sections of the South have been
drained and cultivated now for more than
200 years—the vast campagna near Rome
in Italy, has in the same manner been
cultivated for more than 2000 years—and
all are, to this day, as sickly, if not more
so, fthan they ever were. Then, again,
who can undertake to clear the swamps
— — * — —— • • 7 «*- av* M wwvf) till LI I _ J VyiOOl WiO O TT tilupc
when necessary, in the beginning, a suf- “he second region, as^escribed above,
ficient allowance of bacon or other meat I °* °ften of hundreds of square miles in
at harvest | ®*tent, and thickly overgrown with im-
should be given weekly—and
time, the laborers should get, instead of
wages, one tenth of all the crop they
each individually or collectively harvest,
with their own hands or labor. Such is
the general character of the Swedish ‘ ‘Tor
por” system, which, I think, might, with
some modifications, be made to answer
in our Southern States, nntil time has re
gulated the whole matter itself. In
Sweden the “Torpor” enjoys the full
benefits of the courts of the country—in
fact, the law regards every man to be the
equal of his fellowman—but the “Torpor”
is debarred from exercising the elective
franchise as long as he is so bound and
dependant by yearly contracts. This is
to prevent the landowners from exerci
sing an undue influence over the votes of
their dependants, and thereby having an
improper control of the Ballot Box.
X. In each county or convenient dis
trict, two local Boards of Commissioners
should be elected by the people, annu
ally or semi-annuDy—that is to say, one
composed of white members and elected
by the white people of such district or
county, the other composed of people of
African descent and elected by the color
ed population. These Boards to have
charge of the superintendence of the
Schools, Almshouses and Hospitals and
to see to the disbursement of the funds
collected from the freed people for this
purpose, as per % H. Both Boards to pass
upon all bills and recommendations of
expenditures, before the Treasurer of
the funds pays out any of this money.
* In our next we will try and explain
the peculiarities of the soil, climate and
mode of cultivation of the Southern
States.
' - O ^ TV AKAA im-
mense cypress trees, interspersed with
the sweet gum ; neither of which, np to
this day, have been proven to be fit for
any kind of human husbandly—and so full
of watervines and other undergrowth, as
to be almost impassable for man and
beast at most seasons of the year.
2d. The manner, of cultivation is of
course very much dependent on the cli
mate; the employment of fresh animal
manure, even if obtained, and also of
Guano, is useless, for the volatile ammo
nia is in a brief period, drawn out again
by the sun, acting upon the light and
parched sandy soil of the dry ridges ;
consequently where there is not an abun
dance of dried leaves from the forests, or
other vegetable to be had for compost
manure, the lands are soon worn out,
and the cultivator must have other lands
in reserve, so as to give his worn out
lands time to rest. The Southern plant
er or fanner consequently needs a much
larger tract of land, than his more favor
ed fellow-citizen of the North. While
the Northern farmer will harvest from 60
to 80 bushels of com to the acre, the
Southerner thinks he is doing well when
he gets 20 bushels from the same extent
of land, while often he gets much less,
so that the crop is not sufficient to pay
the expenses of cultivation ; the same is
the case with cotton lands, which he ma
nures with all the surplus cotton seed he
has, bnt still this is not enough to keep
these lands under continued cultivation;
he must let them rest, also, at times.
Telegraph.
FROM OUR EXTRA OF YESTERDAY.
Special tm Nationals epabtiemn.
GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
MESSAGE FROM GOV. JENKINS DE
CLINING INAUGURATION AT
PRESENT.
says ms inauguration at;’THIS
TIME WOULD BE TOO MUCH
like Defiance.
Watches,
TO. WSWOMavgSj
yokks**,
*«i
Offioa b Hew York City,
167
FIXES THE 16th OF JANUARY
HIS INAUGURATION.
FOR
ELECTION
OF STATE
POSTPONED.
OFFICERS
PROBABLE ADJOURNMENT OF THE
LEGISLATURE.
DISPATCH FROM PRESIDENT JOHN
SON.
LEGISLATURE TO TAKE RECESS TILL
15th OF JANUARY.
CONSTITUTIONALITY OF THE LEG
ISLATURE DISCUSSED,
Ac., &c., Ac.
Milledgevillb, Dec. 8.
The Legislature met at 10 o’clock this mom-
lg -
A reply was received from Hon. 0. J. Jenkins, the
Governor eleot, declining to be inaugurated be
fore the State is reoogniied by the Government.
He thinks his inauguration at the present time
would be too mueh like a defianoe to the general
government, and in bad taste, and appoint, the
16th day of Janaary next for his inanguration if
the State is recognized by that time. He thanks
his constituency, and advises them to mind their
interests. Says he received a communication
from the Provisional Governor, informing him
that the President had directed him (Gov. John
son) to eontinae in the exercise of his functions
until his suoceDor had been reoogniied. He does
not complain of personal grievances, and thinks
tbsre is no personal objeotion, but his election
without recognition would be barren of results
and of questionable propriety.
A number of bills were read the first and
second time. They are, however, of no special
importance.
The election of State officers has been post*
poned.
The Legislature will probably adjourn on 8at»
nrday nntil after the Christmas holidays.
Miilidokvillb, Dec. 9.
The Legislature met at the usual hour this
morning.
The following telegram from President John
son to the Provisional Governor was retd :
“Washixotos, Dec. 8.
“Your dispatch received. Permit me to con-
e «
>vr\#U !
Chains,
Diamond Rings,«fcc.
VORTH OTER OIR MILLION DOLLARS!
ALL TO BE SOLD 70S
One Dollar Each,
WITHOUT REGARD TO TALUS! *
Not to bo Paid for until you Know what
you are to Receive !
Splendid List of
Articles!
ALL TO IE SOLD FOR at EACH!!
*0 Solid Silver Dining Pete
800 Silver Salvers ana Urns....
BOO Solid SilverJea Sets complete, /.i:*. Sm iS!
180 BoeewoodMusical Boxes, 32airs... into ISO
MOMaJwganj Musical Boxes, Maim... sotS 2oo
* Gold Bunting Watches 75 to 25o
too Ladies’ Enamelled Gold Watches.... so to sno
800Gente'HuntingSUver Watches .... 38to loo I
BOO Open-bee Silver Watches 25 to sol
B00 Ivonr Opera Glasses 25 to 100
r „ of , Lorgnettes 00 to 100 I
v 800 Six Barrel Revolvers 15 to CO
B00 Single and Double Shooters 10 to SO
awghMwtOii Paintings B0to lOo
250 Marble Staines, Basts, Ac SO to 900
200 Diamond Rings so to 100 I
8,000 Phoio. Albania, all simB a to 30 I q.
3,000 Gold Vest and Neck Chains 15 to 30 I CIRCULAR, Qivn awn
s,000Gold Oval Band Bracelets™........^ 5 to to SAW ur, A5D “Mat
8*000 Chased Gold Bracelets o to 12 SAW MILLS STEAM ESGlvr-
2,000 Chatelaine and Guard Chains 5 to ■ iinnnnmo T 15 ®}
7,000 Solitaire and Revolving Brooches... s to
2,0001 ava and Florentine do 4 to
8,000 CoraL Opal and Emerald do 4 to
8,000 Mosaic, jet and lava Eardrops 4 to
7,000 Coral and Emerald Eardrops 3 to
8,000 California Diamond Pins.77. 5 to
6,000 California Clnstdr Diamond Pins... 8 to
3,000 Gold Thimbles, Pencils, Ac 3 to
10,000 Lodcets, double-glass s to
1BJ>00 Lockets far Mi matures s to
8,000 Gold Toothpicks, Crosses, Ac S to
5,000 plain Gold Rtogs... .T77! 4 {X
6,000 chased Gold Rings 4,0
0,000 shield sad signet Bings 3 to
10,000 California Diamond Rings 3 to
7,600 sets Ladies' Jewel-y, jet 5 to
5,000 sets Ladies’ Jewelry, coral s to
15,000 sets Ladles' Jewelry, onyx 10 to
5,000 seta Ladies' Jewelry, lava 12 to
2,800 sets Ladies' Jewelry, mosaic 20 to
0,0o0 Gold Pens with silver holders 5 to
5,000 Gold Pens wit h Gold holders (to
8,000 Gold Pens and holders, superior.... in to
5,000 Silver Goblets and Drinking Cups.. 8 to
8,000 Silver Castors and Wine Holders.... 15 to
2,000 Silver Fruit and Cake Baskets 20 to
Messrs. T. A H. GAUGHAN A Co, No. lie Broad
way, New York, extensive manufacturers and impor- 1 &oo.
Lunch Served at 11 O'clock A. M
-- .. A * A..TAJ.W.
AND BOILERS, CR^ 1 ^
For descriptive ClrcaUra address “*** *'•
WM. MONT*,**,
[JUST REtfo
Per Stemnw Aaeife
I Rhine Wines!
Win®* LTquora ’
•J** Bra»42 f q 9
And a variety of the anew ^
J Hsckhelwsr,
Wleratlner,
Llebfrmwmilk.
business to an unlimited u—,c mmnu upon
Great Gift Sale, subject to the regulations following -
Certificates naming each article and lb value, are
ilaced In Sealed Envelopes and well mixed. One of
hese envelopes will be sent by mail to any address on
receipt of twenty-five cents.
AH Articles Sbld at One Dollar each, without
regard to value*
On receipt-of the certificate yon will see what you are
going to have, and then it Is at your option to send the
dollar and take the article or not Purchasers may
thus obtain a Gold Watch, Diamond Ring, or any set
of Jewelry on our list for One Dollar, and in no case
can they get less than ene dollar's worth, as there are
no uncertainties. The price of certificates is as fol
lows: One for25cento; five for $1; eleven for $2;
thirty for $5, with elegant premium; sixty-five for $10,
with bonus; one hundred for $15, and handsome
present to the getter up of the club-
8W Agents wanted everywhere, to
whom special inducements are offered. Address,
'y*2—tf
«■ a***, i.
Southern Jobbers,
WHO BUY
RUBBER GOODS
WILL FIND FULL LINES AT
MAflUFACTUKEKV BEST PBIffe
AT
37 Milk Street.
Cwrner m«rt«n Place. Bum
T-AH. GAIJGHAN Ac CO, Importers,
dec5—fit 116 Broadway, New Y.rk.
- juupb Acir tiAcui rent, uiso, at times. I 1 our aispaicn received. I'ermu me to con-
Again, it must be taken into consider-1 gratulate your Legislature on the adoptfbn of tbs
ation, that the hot sun dining the sum- Amendment to the Constitution of the United
mer months so parches and ides up all States, abolishing slavery.
YtnornwA luvwvfl IIiaI 41, J, _ A • I _
NEW YORK
STB1M ENGINE
MABUTACTCBOla or
STATIONARY AED PORTABLE ERGLTE8 AVD
BOILERS,
AND
MACHINISTS’ TOOLS
OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS.
HENRY W. BURR,
JuwcfArTuin or
WORKS I Rubber (Ming & Unifgistb’ Artidt,
And dealer la every dacription ot
RUBBER good*
The Climate, Scil and Cultivation
of the South-Eastern States.
The question of reorganization of the
Southern States, now that the rebellion
has been suppressed and its leaders
brought to condign punishment, is one
of great intricacy. There seems, as yet,
to be much misunderstanding among the
people of the Northern States, with re
gard to the Climate,Soil,Cultivation, etc,
of the South—many people think that
there are no parts of the South which
cannot be so improved by cultivation
that a white persons can live in any part
of it at any season of the year; others
think that there is a superabundance of
lands yet at the South, which only need
a proper supply of intelligent and indus
trious persons, to bring them under pro
fitable culture; and again others think
that it is best, to break up all large estates
at ihe South and divide the lands to settle
the freed colored people, as well as white
emigrants from other sections, upon. All
these people are in a great measure mis
taken, and often wrongly informed. It
will Vm mw ziVivaaI IL i _
X JU Gill
pasture lands, that there does not remain
| a particle of food on it for the cattle, just
| as in the winter months, and for this
reason the planter or farmer must have
sufficient woodlands, to drive his cattle
into, for obtaining subsistence during
these months. This shows now, how im
possible it is, to divide these lands into
such small sections as the lands of the
North and West, for the planter must al
ways have many more acres of land than
he needs for immediate cultivation, and
then he must possess a large tract of
woodlands, not only for his stock during
the summer months, but also for gather
ing dried leaves sufficient to enable bim
to make some manure. Of course, all
this relates only to the regions called the
upland; the difficulty of dividing the
low lands and marshes into small tracts
has already been described above. The
undersigned beg, however, (jo be under
stood, that he does not mean to say that
there are no exceptions to the rules above
given, and that there are no lands in the
regions described, which could not be
profitably divided into small tracts; as
for instance, some of the islands around
Port Royal Sound and other exceptional
or peculiar situations favorable' to this
mode of cultivation; he only meant to
prove, that the direction given by the
A resolution to adjourn was discussed in ths
I House, and it was decided to adjourn on the 15th
i inst., to meet again on the 15th January, 1866
Mr. Moses, oi Muscogee, moved that no bnsi
ness be transaote d by the Legislature until Gov
Jenkins had been inaugurated. Which motion
was lost after considerable disenssion as to ths
Constitutionality of acting under the Provisional I GERMAN.
Governor.
mobile market.
Mobilc, Dec. 8.
The sales of cotton in this market to-day bars
been 500 bales—Middling Quoted at 46a47c. The
sales of the week amount to 3150 bales; receipts
15,510 bales; exports in the same time, 17,916
bales—leaving a stock on hand and on shipboard
not cleared of 64,309 bales. Gold is quoted at I
49a5I. 1
.^-MjnnffictoriesiF.., of Twenty-Third
S*-, E. R, N. Y., and Worcester, mass.
Office FOOT OF TWENTY-THIRD, E. H., N. Y
Every Machine built bv us is started and thoroughly
testedJn shop before being shipped. “ 7
: Strasburger&Nulm,
Q ^ '
IMPORTERS OP
FRENCH AND
ENGLISH
New York market.
Nsw York, Dec. 9.
Gold closed to-day at 4A}£.
Brig Resolute In Distress.
From Captain Talbot, of the Steamer
City Point, which arrived at this port on
Saturday morning last from Palatka,
Florida, we learn the following parti
culars of a marine disaster. On Saturday,
7. 30 a. m. 20 miles 8, S. E. off Tybee
CHINA&FANCY GOODS
BEADS, MASKS, ACCORDEONS, Ac.
G5 MAIDEN LANE,
Comer William Street, NEW YORK
Invite the attention of buyers, offering them the
largest assortment of ^Gooda at the most reasonable
pnees. novlO—eod2m
showing the true nature of^ the climate-1 m P arce ^f no1 ex ® eed ^0 acres to any
the manner of cultivating the soo the iT £ ? a J tog 1 ther ^P^ica-
why the colored man is necessary in the
rich but sickly regions of the South Eas
tern States, and give the reasons why the
lands in these States cannot and should
not be divided into small parcels like the
|ands of the North and West.
There is a large extent of territory in
the Southern States, which is in such a
peculiar situation that the land can hard
ly be divided into small tracts for cultiva
tion, as is the case in the Northern and
Western States. The rich bottom lands
and marshes lying between salt and
fresh water, need such expensive dyken-
ing and draining, that, it cannot be
done by small proprietors or lessees, and
it would be beyond their means to cul
tivate such property, ft would be use
less for one such small proprietor to try
to improve and secure his lands from
overflowing, if his neighbor were to neg
lect his own—large convenient tractw
must be dyked under one carefully de-
v ^d system, or the whole lay idle.
The very sections where the water is
brackish cannot be inhabited by the
white man during the summer months,
the very time when the most agricultural
labp» is required to be performed, on ac
count of the prevailing death-dealing re
mittent and congestive fevers, in
particular parcel
as the nature of each
or lot may admit of.
The numerous rivers in the Southeast
ern States which flow into the Atlantic
ocean and the Gulf are generally followed:
first, by more or less low lands and
marshes; next by a clay bank, which af
ford very good lands, and on which the
cotton, called the “mains” and “santees”
grows—a species in quality about mid
way between the Sea Island and the Up
land cotton. These banks, however, are
very unhealthy during the summer
months, on account of the contiguity of
the low lands. Next following these banks
come the immense swamps, proper, and
following the swamps, the white sand
pine ridges, wift here and there a savan
na interspersed. The Pine Ridges fol
low the course of the river generally, of
ten close to the sea coast and afford
in many places healthy summer resi
dences to the white man, and they are
made use of by such planters as have not
convenient Sea Island to reside on during
the hot season of the year. Here also
lives the poor Southern white man, and
ekes out a miserable existence; for the
soil is so poor that it will not repay the
trouble of cultivation, and were it not
for the occasional savannas, and the low
a valuble cargo of assorted merchandise,
The Resolute lay at Anchor; with herj
foremast badly shattered half way up to
her deck. The Resolute, also lost nuMn |
jop mast, main top jib boom, and one |
anchor with a part of chain and has evi
dently encountered severe weather.
The Only Authentic and Official History j
TEE GREAT MPlIGNS.
B. J. Beck & Co.,
No. 9 Pine Street, New York,
manufacturing Stationers,
Jok Printers
and Lithographers.
Wholesale & Betail Healers in First Glass
OFFICE FIXTURES.
/"'10N8T APfTU Y on hand a splendid assortment
VJ of Foreign and Domestic Letter and Note Paper,
Envelopes of every size and quality.
' " .Checks. (Notes, Drafts,
Ac., tastefully
at
MUIRKIRK
CHARCOAL PIC IRON,
Ot all the different tempers and grades, rafiaw* is
Car wheel.,
Cylinder.,
Gnu Btlal,
Balls,
STEAMBOAT Jb MILE MACMI1EK1,
MLLE BLE WORKS, Jr.
Of any use where a Superior Pig Metal a >
quired by itself; or to Improve other kiaik
WILLIAM E. COFFIN i CO.
No. 103 State St., Beaten
oet!4
lowest cash prices,
novl—eodly
ive prompt attention,
CHAS. NEWBOUGH,
B.J. BECK.
Elly, Zacbarle * Co.,
810 BOWERY, NEW YORK
zxcLrsrvdiLaNiJrAonrBEBs or
TOILET 80APS
AND
Perfumery
Catalogues sent free. nov9—eodSm
Holmes & Blanchard,
(SCOCZSSOBS TO 0. W. B30W.V.)
Manufacturers and Dealers in
FRENCH BURR MILLSTONES
AND
MILL (JEERING.
Of all Deacriptiens,
Manufacturers of BROWN’S improved
Portable Fleariig tad Grist Villi,
Screen and Bolt Reels, Mill Spindles, Btsbee. mi
Hoisting Screws and Balia. Ac. Dealers tn
“DUTCH ANKER” B0LTHTG 0L0TH3
Floor Packers, Smut Machines and Sepanmea Boa-
Dusters, Corn and Cob Crackers, screen Wire,
Belting, and
Hill Furnishing of every Doecriptis*.
Improved Turbine Water WhwJ
tr Plans and Specification* for Milla farahbd
When desireeR — ,
9 A 11 Haverhill and t Beverlr «*.
BOSTON.
octW
Cotton Gins
AND
PnhUshed under Sanction of Sen. Sheraan. CHEMICALS.
BROWN’S
Otible Cyllader C«Um Gin.
Tie Celebrate! SeeffU Gl»,
60,000 COPIES ALREADY BOLD i
SHERMAN,
AND
HIS CAMPAIGNS:
BT
CoL 8. m. BOWMftK and Lt Col. R.B.IRWHT. |
1 VoL 8vo.; 512 Pages. Cloth, $3.50.
With Splendid Steel Portraits of
MajorGen. SHERMAN, Major Gen. SCHOFIELD,
HOW»RD, “ SLOCUM
“ LOGAN, . “ BLAIR,
“ DAVIS, •« KILPATRICK,
AND MAPS, PLAN8, AC.
A CHOICE selection of DRUGS, MEDICINES
pkbfumkrksIpatknt medi-
I GJJtfflS, TRUSSES, Ac, just loaded from New York.
ApetoeMles, Nailers u! Traders
From the interior can be Supplied at shortest notice.
I I tan warrant any article as being pure.
A large quantity of EUROPEAN LEECHES, finest
AU the PATENT’ MEDICINES extanton hand. .
100 cases JACOB’S DYSENTERIC CORDIAL, on Ot
Which will be sold low for CASH.
Wholesale and Betail,
Apothecaries’ Moll,
Corner Broughton and Barnard streets,
W. H. WALSH, HU »•, Frsprlstsr.
N. B.—Fresh Garden Seeds. tf ielfi
S O universally Died by
South as to need no
oTSaws vary from 40 to 1*9. For safe
no23
nuiscH,
SAUDI
A CHOICE LOT OF
l
This work—written by CoL Bowman, Gen. Sher-
, , <=>. ————— o, in m uua uvcauuutu savannas, ana sne low
consequence of the miasma arising from grounds, nobody could exist in the same,
decaying vegetable matter. Its death-like stillness shows that not
1st. The nature of the climate is such, I birds inhabit the barren ridges, rkrwnun.Gen.sher-
that in the belt of country extending "where there is not any undergrowth. man’s personal Mend, and Lt. CoL Irwin, one of onr
often to 100 miles from the Sea Coast in Millions of acres of these lands can be
the South Eastern States, it is in many b<ra§ht for less than one dollar per acre, and ufanL dlJS-Tor n^tS^riteS^ciS hiren£
places so infeqfced with malaria, from the for in a vast extent of this coun- ee ® to Private *nd official papers of the several
—_rl77x^_ #„ Tit™ 1!_, . “X . . wrro iahui | commanders. All such information is fumiehed foe
this work exclusively.
The folio wine letter from Geo, Sherman shows the
uxjtti, ib ns aeain lo me wane ana even j w uwsto, me inioKiy overgrown I authentic character of the work:
strange black man, to sleep within its in-1 iBtervcning svamps forming almost an Lanosaixi, Ohio, July* 1 *
fluence one single night even. Medical ^passable barrier. G-D- Bjohxbdsw, Esq., sto Broadway.n.y.:
science has as yet found no cure for the Thus is it shown, why the Southeast- a^oe 1853,‘and more receotiy*ta"t£i aervireof the u.
layer contracted where the rice grows, era States require a peculiar mode of set- g?, hadacceasto my order and em-
of the Raff g^ 16 W ^ ler *b 0 admixture tlement and cultivation, and how difficult me sfr^tSe'winter otiea-s, with a view to pnbliah a
ii v 6 “de-water with the fresh water, it is to form a correct estimate of the memoir of my Life and anvicee, and no other penon
T>e cultivation of the soil same, without first acquiring anintimato
I, “Htead of improving the knowledge of the soil, climn.tq said tono- thentic beta that can Interest the general reader,
heeithfuiaeaa of the climate, actually graphfS the P °J SSf&Ei^
COTTON AND WOOL HAND CARDS.
ALSO,
100 Bbls. LawreaeevUlt (Vs (*■«•*»
Will be sold
Low to Close Consignment.
Apply to X.COLHYACO-,
Bay and Aberrant
TKMOBS.
8UKGEMV ft
,. _, CO.,
Succeroors to John Whittemdre A Co., New York, and
I John H. Whittemore A Go.,
[ HABDWABE & 0ABD MABTJFAOTUB’S,
No. TO Beekium-at., N. Y.
Solesncceeeoretothe WHITTEMORE “PATENT
SET," end only manafoetnrers of the
OenaiM WMttsaiere Cette* Oarti
Dealers are caationed again** waetkleee imitate)
RE WHM