Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

BATTLE OF JENA. From a he (< i . :a Publication, Whoever is acquainted with tiic Prussian r.t,.?c., will certainly see with vexation an cc.i i’ic <; nnilci joined, that once contained so nun h t vceilcijcc, and wlii'Ji might so easily one e more have tentered i.s ancient dignity and consistency, if the heads of the empire had un derstood the prognostics of die time.., and had l>ecn willing to s'tbmit to t few necessary re -1 >rnis. A reform was particularly requisite in that part of the military t:y stein, wheli ex cluded h'om all promotion in tk<- auny the most learned and enlightened member:. of so ciety, cu. the higher classes of the < iii/c:.;-, not o! ti; rur.it oi nobility ; and it is rcnsar'ai l>io, tli.it ui• order issued in France, similar to that which appeared in Prussia some years ago, pci milling the nobility'alone to la: promoted, preeded the disturbances in the at my which coded m the Iwcaking out ol the revolution. 1 ho c: who ;ue well informed on the subject, assure us, that prince Lewis Ferdinand, of l’ru-. .it, the night la lore the buttleoi Sa-lfcldt, in w hi* ii he Fell, foretold to several of his con fide) iti i friends the fate of die Prussian army. The counsels of colonel Vo.i Pitihl were never list; ned to from the beginning. l'Jirce, principal errors probably hurled the Prussi:ui army into the gulpli of destruction. The first was an iuconceivahie disregard of any thing like a regular plan, and a heedless security. Only a few lnosurs were stationed in the Thuringer wood and hills, the passes jc.id fastnesses ol which could have been insur mountably defended against the most superior I .-ice in the worid, by a few cannon and siiai p shooters. It is incredible, but nevertheless true, that the Prussian generals left all the most important passes on the Saul unoccupied ; and when this was remarked by some Saxon digi tizers, they were laughed at as if no enemy . aid come there.. The Prussians had almost no reconnoitring parties, :j:d they never suspect ed that the French emperor, with his main ho lly, had advanced within a few miles ol them. I low differently was the emperor Napoleon supplied in this respect ; and how far superior was he in point of vigilance and activity ? When he had fixed his head-quarters at Auiaa, early in the morning two prisoners were brought in wlm lud been seized as spies. It soon appear ed, however, that they were very honest men, ns in their answers they completely coincided wiili each other. One of them was a son of the celebrated Scottish baronet, sir John Sin clair, who was studying at the university of Gottingen, and having been on a visit to Go tha, tin: road by which he was returning was cut oif, and he was travelling through the Pros .ian main army to Leipzig. I lis compan ion was a garrison preacher of Gotha. The viung Scot iman had a plan of study drawn up by hi., tilthvi i:i his pocket-book, and soon pro ved liis innocence. The emperor himself con versed with him so early as two o’clock in the morning, and when he learned from them that tii.: Prus .iai.s had no wuspirion of his being so near, he exclaimed,turning to the byc-standcrs, “//. vr tromficront lurieu.ament ecu / irrru/ue (How tin v vi.e-acies will be deceived 1) Lull, were kindly dismissed with passports. The Prussian patrolcs allowed themselves to be t heated by the most trilling appearances. An officer commanding a body of horse, which w .s sent out from the royal camp towards Vi umhurg to reconnoitre, returned without go i . ; to Nattiuburg, because when half way he learned from a traveller that they knew no thing ui the French at Naumburg. From such extraordinary sect!lily no other consequences could loilew. I lie s.-cond grand error was the unaccount able neglect of every means for securing sub si letica for an army of 140,000 men. The barren country of Weimar was in no condition, neither v.as it by unv means prepar ed, to subsist this army, along with its append ages. There was no bread, no brondv, no beer, for the soldiers, and no fodder for the horses. i he third atul most decisive crroi lay in the < false c..lcu!utions that were made respecting the moxementh of the enemy, atul the unfortu nate choice of po.-fition. I lu: ancient fortresses and bulwarks of the Prussian monarchy, which would have greatly obstructed the progress of the French artnv, v ere in an untenable condition, and without provisions ; and in the event that the battle was to h..ve been lost, there was no place of assem bling made known—no rally ing point fixed. The discomfited troops thciefore retired in qoi.o different directions, and were almost all made prisoners. On the decisive day, the 14th of October, the left wing was not formed in the same line, nor united with tlu* centre. This want of unity hi 1 this effect—that two separate and distinct battles were fought at one and the same nto l i.-.it, and that upon ground not very exten sive. Alter the duke of Brunswick was woun ded, there was no commander in chief to direct the Prussian army. The corps fought singly, without plan, and without concern, and many regiments did nut engage at all. Very little of the. strong li or position of the enemy was known. The Saxons, who fought on the left wing, generally assert, that on the day of battle, they either received no orders at all from the officers under whose command they were, or that Hie orders they did receive were such as could not have been executed. They were * -on obliged to deliver up their remaining am munition to thr Prussians ; and they lost their cannon, when the. retreat began,inconsequence of having no cuv,ih v to cover them. Lastly, the Prussian army was detained and hindered in its flight by the crowd of waggons .aid her®' - ", and thfir unusually great quantity of bagi-ugc. ‘lbis complete overthrow anddes tiv.cti.'.u was not owing, however, to any want ofbruvety That the Prussians, unciei aii these difficulties, fought with courage and oersevei auce, is testified by the French then.selves. ‘1 lie victoiious cmpeior Napoleon conduct ed the events ol the 14th of October wiili dines and the keenest prudence, lie lodged the night before this eventful day in the castle of Jena ; and on the following rooming, as is as cried at Jena, he reconnoitred from the top of the old observatory, (commonly called the Fox Tower) the opposite heights on the load to Weimar, arid witnessed the bloody bat tle that took place between the French that were marching through the Muhlcutliul, and the Saxons and Prussians posted on the Sneck enberg. Not far from this spot is the chain of sandy hillocks, which present as it were a steep wall on the heights of the Sard. There is here a coppice, known through the whole neighbor hood by the name of the Rauhthales, a place celebrated in the annals of the Jena muses, on account of the combats that used formerly to take place between the students at that spot. This is the pass which the emperor Napoleon furtified so strongly, and in such a masterly manner, with heavy cannon, and which is spok en so highly of in all the official accounts of the battle. Besides this, the rapidity of the evolu tions of the French army astonished the Prus sian generals. In every manoeuvre attempted by the latter they were anticipated. \\ hat, however, most surprised these officers, was the French artillery. The most courageous soldiers could not approach the showers of balls which preceded the march of the columns without trembling. The regiment of juarish, fur example, was 2000 men strong, and in a few minutes only 150 men were left standing, having been stationed opposite to a battery of tight field pieces. The diseases which are said to afflict the French, are either of them, in the circum stances in which the French stand, enough to cut and discomfit them. In such a climate, and with such a destitution of necessary com* fotr., the andy sentry itself would effect more than ten dreadful fields; and, as for the other disease, the bare description of it, which we give from a medical work of celebrity, printed at Edinburgh, will suffice to shew what horrors the poor wretches must experience. The Plica Polonica or Plaited Hair, is know n only in Poland and Lithuania, and consists of several blood vessels running from the head into the ends of the hairs; which cling to gether and hang from the head in broad fiat pieces, generally an ell in length, but some times they are much longer. They arc pain ful to the wearer, and odious to the spectator. At the approach of winter, an eruptive fever happens in these countries; the eruptions prin cipally infest the head, and when at the height, an ichorous humour flows from them. In this state, they are too tender to admit of being touched, and the matter running down the hair, mats them together; the skin by degrees break ing the ramifications of the capillary vessels, following the course of the hair, or prolonged out of the skin, air increased to a vast length. ,\o method oi relief is vet known ; for if the discharge be checked, or the vessels cut off, the consequence is an increase of more miserable symptoms, and in the end, death.— Profile's Priend. FROM THE WITNESS. Mr. Printer — l met the other day, a man who is not so much noted for wisdom or folly as for l * lerahsm. He always calls me injidel when we meet; so he accosted me with “good morning, infidel.” I returned the com pliment by calling him saint. The fact is, that neither ol us Las half religion enough for a week day, much less lor a Sunday ; it would be bet ter for us, and our families, and the world, if both ol us would practise more religion and talk less ..bout it. Bui this man lx'gan in his old wav to fling at the democrats for want of religion, and morals, and all tl o,< 0 ,< and every ten words he • ripped out an oat^i; whereupon I questioned him of what swearing sect of Christians he was. No tongue can tell the fcderal-ehristian rage, into w hich he was thrown. I begged him to be qt iet and to compose himself; but it only en raged him the more—so, to avoid strife, I left him ; but the incident led me to some reflec tions, such a these— That man and I arc both mechanics; we work hard for our living; each of us lias a great family to support; wc have no prospect ol public office ; then what is this or that form of government to'us, more or less than this, “ the government which does the most good and the least harm , and which e.if lends no more mo r.ey than is necessary to do good, is the best go vernment for a floor man.” To me the present government of the U.S. appears to be such a kind of government; w e have no house and land tax, no tax on retailers or vendues, and on stamp duties; our national debt is becoming less and less every month ; my employers get good prices for all they hav e to part with, and they pay me well. This go vernment is good enough for me. Now, mv neighbor feels and thinks other wise, let him go to proxies and vote for the en emiesofthis government to go tocongress, and to have all power and dominion in this state. I shall certainly vote the other way; why should we meet every few days and quarrel about reli g-,!, because we defer in fiolirics ? I know some of the federal leaders in this state; and if the o thers are like them, I know their religion may help them along for a few months, and perhaps yeltry but it is a dreadful religion for another wtjwTl And further saith not P. Anvil, i CONGRESS OF TIIE UNITED STATES. IIOESE OF Ki.l KESESTATIVF.S, Saturday, February 23. On reading the journal this morning, it ap pealed, that before the house adjourned last night an oider passed the house that the ret: should be called over, when it was found that seventy-three members were absent (some with leave) whose names weie accordingly en tered on the journal. Mr. F.ppes moved to amend the journal by inserting the hour of adjournment. 1 his v. as agreed to, and it was mentioned kl half after se ven o’clock.” The speaker laid on the table a letter from the secretary cf the treasury, transmitting a statement of the public debt, and of the pay ments made thereon for the last live y eats. Gi dcred to lie on the table. ‘1 he house went into committee of the whole on th • bill making compensation to Messrs. Lewis and Clark and their companions. Mr. Hastings moved to insert the names of Win. Eaton, y’Bar.non, andG. WQMann (so as to allow them the same quantity of land as is granted to captains Lewis and Clark, viz. 1000 acres.) Carried, ayes 47, noes 42. Mr. Hastings moved to insert several other names, which was lost. The committee rose and reported the bill with amendments, which the house proceeded immediately to consider. Mr. Nelson hoped tlx house would not agree to the first amendment (respecting general Laton, O’Bunnon and G. \V. Mann). It would be recollected, he said, that a proposition had been brought forward last session, to re munerate these men ; why it had not been act ed upon, he did not know ; but if it was again brought forward he should vote for it, if he thought their services deserved remuneration; at present he had no documents to enable him to judge. He hoped, however, their names would not be inserted in this bill ; there might the many members in the house who thought that tlie sendees of general Eaton and his asso ciates deserved a handsome compensation, and that those of captains Lewis and Clark and their companions did not ; and so vice versa. Ile wished their respective merits to stand on its own ground. He therefore hoped they would be separated. The question was then taken by ayes and noes, and the amendment was disagreed to (that is, the names of the abovementioned per sons were struck out) —ayes 47 —noes 61. The bill was then ordered to be read a third time. The house then went into a committee of the whole on the bill for the relief of invalid pensioners. Mr. Randolph offered anew section, (pro viding that the old soldiers of the revolution shonitl receive a pension from the time they had received their wounds) and spoke at length on the subject. This occasioned considerable debate ; and before the question was taken, Mr. Randolph (at about five o’clock) moved that the house adjourn for one hour. Mr. Gregg moved that the house adjourn for two hours. Mr. Thomas moved that a cull of the house should take place at seven o’clock, on the sup position, that it the house adjourned till that hour, there would not be a quorum. Mr. R. Nelson moved that the call of the house should take place at 12 o’clock ! Several motions were then made that the house adjourn till “Monday morning, till to morrow morning, Lc. all of which were lost ; when, on motion of Mr. Findley, the house ad journed for two hours. The house again met a little before eight o’clock, and continued sitting until after twelve ; they were principally occupied with the bill this day brought in by Mr. Fisk, to repeal the duty on salt and to continue in force for a fur ther time the Mediterranean fund, which, how ever, was at length passed. Monday , March 2. At 10 o’clock the chaplain appeared, and prayers were offered. During the session the chaplains have officiated generally once or twice a week, and from fifteen to thirty members have usually been present on the occasion. A little before 11 o’clock, the speaker called the house to order. Fifty-seven members pre sent —no quorum. He requested those w ithout the bar, to take their seals, and sent the officers of the house to collect members from the com mittee rooms. Some time iftcr.it appeared on a count, that sixty-seven members were present —no quorum. Soon after, five or six came in, and the journal for Saturday was read. Mr. Dana (Conn.) inquired if it was not usual, when the house sat after midnight, to make a corresponding entry on the journal. He referred to a similar case in the second session of the sixth congress. The bill tq con tinue the Mediterranean tax, certainly passed on Sunday morning. Mr. D. left the house alter midnight, and the bill had not then oass cd. Mr. Alston (N. C.) asked if it was notified to the house at the time, that it was after 12. li it were not, he supposed it improper to make any entry. The speaker said he did not know exactly at what hour the bill passed. Mr. Dana inquired if he did not send the sergeant at arms, into the committee room after some of the members, who refin ed to come, and if he did not report that it was Sunday? The Speaker said, a member according to the officer’s report, stated it was Sunday. Mr. bid - ,veil (Mass.) called for the order of 1 the day on the bill, relative to contested dec .bns. Mr. Clin (Yt.) moved to postpone it indefi nitely. Mr. Bidwell objected. The bill would take lithe time, it had been lully c'.Lcussed, anti mtr. Lets weie ready, he piesunxd, to det, ide. Mr. Dana said, if the business was ai! arane ; „ cd and too mujoti.y vvcic ready to vcic wt-hont discuss ion, through thick and thin, as cn t..c midnight tax bin, which they had passed on Sun day morning, it might be well to take up the bill. Otherwise, he should vote for the {•>■ r ponement, in order to make room for other more important business. The postponement was further supported by Mr.Olm, and opco.ed by Mr. Smiiie; and car tied—aye . 3'J, trues 23. Mr. Davcnpoi t (Con.) called for the order of tire day on tire bill winch had been received from the senate, ior the tefiel cl John Chester ayes 2:. Ihe speaker dee.meal himself in tire affirmative, whereupon r I he house went ir.'oa committee on the bill. Mr. Varnum in the chair. Mr. .Holmes (Va.) moved to strike out o: thebi.l so much respected was compensation for extra services done by the supervisor of Connecticut. ‘1 his motion was supported by Messrs. Holmes and D. R. Williams; and’opposed by Messrs. Bedinger, Tqimadgg end Bidwell ; and lost; ayes 20. it appear eel, from a report of the secretary of the treasury, which was ic cl at the instance of Mr. Holmes, that Connecti cut L the on;y suite vvlucti has vet paid up ti.c? Full amount of the direct tax, and closed its ac counts with the treasury. On motion cf Mr. Talmcdge, the committee rose and reported the bill, in which the h u e concurred ; and tire bill being engrossed, was read a third time and passed. X he house resumed the consideration of the bill relative to invalid pensioners. 1 he question was taken by yeas and nays on Mr. Randolph’s motion, made on Saturday, to allow ali the pensioners of the U. S. a pension it orn the date of their respective disabilities, and lost; yeas 45, nays 52. On motion of Mr. Eppes, the house proceed ed to consider the bill received from the senate to chive settlers by force from the public lands, aves 52. Mr. Quincy (Mass.) moved that the bill be postponed indefinitely, and supported his no tion in a speech of some length, urging, that the bill involved great constitutional princi ples, and there was hot, this session, sufficient time to consider the subject according to its importance. Fix motion was supported by Messrs. Quin cy, Olin, Hastings, N. Williams, and Lyon ; and opposed by Messrs. Gregg, D. R Willi ams, Eppes and Alexander ; and lost—ayes 43 noes 68. Mr. Eppes declared the main object of the bill to be to drive off from the Yazoo lands, by military force, intruders, who might settle un der the Yazcx) claim. After a debate on some amendments, Mr. Quincy moved to strike out part of the Ist sec tion, to try the principle of the bill. The mo tion was suported by Messrs. Quincy, Hast, ings, Holland and Lyon ; and opposed by Mr. Dawson. Mr. Sloan said he did rot rise to add any words : but barely to observe, that he hoped the friends of the resolution would lbilcvv he example of Saturday night, which the geiule ’ man (Mr. Quincy) seemed to explode,and pass a silent vote. There was not time to discuss constitutional questions. The motion of Mr. Quincy was lost—ayes 35. nays 54. Mr. Quincy then offered” a proviso to the bill, so that it should not prejudice or affect any Haim or right to land lying in the territories ol the United States. The motion was lost • nays 64. * * Mr. Fisk spoke against the bilk- H c was opposed to deciding rights at the point- of the bayonet, and asked if this was the land of liber ty ? He had rather see all the Yazoo lands in the Red Sea, than prostrate the judiciary, and violate the fundamenta principles of freedom by agreeing to a bill with such provisions. 1 The bill having been engrossed, was read a third time. . Mr. Lyon delivered a written speech of fot,}-five minutes, against the bill; when the question, shall the bill pass, was taken by yeas and nays and carried; yeas 57, noes 44. ’ While Mr. Lyon was reading his speech, Mr. l .ppes interrupted him, arid moved that the reading of the paper be dispensed with, arid that it he printed for the use of the house. Mr. Lyon said he v.as not to be diverted irotn his purpose by any sneers or jestir.qsst— ,lc should u e glad to har e has speech laid on the tables of members, for he was confident it contained arguments which would make the friends of the bill” blush for their conduct. . The engrossed bill respecting invalid pen sioners, was read a third time rnd passed ,- It places a large number of persons on the pension list. 5 o’clock, adjourned to half past 6. Union Society. HpHF. members of the Union Society are dec,red t 1 meet at the Cfiy-Hall, cn Monday the Uth .hv r ,f -4rr:: next, at 10 o’clock in the forenoon, it being the quarterly meeting preparatory to the Anniverfarv. PETER S. I.AIFITTE, Secr’y. . :'T t iiofe persons who are Jefirou-t of joining this munition, will take notice, that yrceabb ‘to rho ri.i--, uff.-U application is mad, at the above period, taev will not he •-•Xro.ttiJ at the annual nieetin.-. -March Xt)..."4... M.\NTFESTS~ For sale at this office.