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Snch'.-d, That each Amctican <-flve\ ‘n the port of Charleston, be requested to wear crape ca the left arm, for ten cloys, from Wednesday I. ext. FOR TJI!-. K rj’X/.YG LEDGER. Messrs. Lvkritt St I.vaxs. AS there it every probability of a temporary non rntercourfe, not o:,Iy with Great-Britain anti her de pendencies, but with ‘he rest ol Europe, would it not or oropei that the capital which our merchant* have hitherto employed in lore!-:: trade, Ihoa and, under pre fect and probableapproachii ■, eiiemv.il auce*,be applied to uieful improvement, in airs and manufactures m our own country ? Nothing could have a better tendency t nroruote our real independence. Asa proof of v 1 -cn you are requcAed to republilh, from the Rational Intelligencer, the following publication • A. SUBSCJUIiUR. FROM THE NATIONAL IN TELLIGENCER. 3To the friends of the u, Jul arts and public im firovcmcutx in b-r.h icjiises oj Congress. Gf.nti.kmex—As the amendment of the pa tent law is now under your consideration, i bey leave to shew fiom some examples the great importance of that subject in a national point of View : from w hich we may infer the policy as ■well as justice, ot encouraging the efforts ot genius, by securing the properly which they may originate. The English nation has been universally ad- Tnired, not only for its industry, but for the im provements and wealth it has derived from th . useful arts, i e the cause which has led that nation to excel all others in these particulars, is not generally understood. The following statement will dearly shew that this pre-emi nence has risen in a great measure, from the patent law ol that country ; which induces men of talents to persevere in composing and bringing into practice labor-saving machines; or, I should rather say labor-multipljing ma chines ; such as will enable one person to produce as much work as had usually been done by 40 or 50. Out of a great number oi* instances which might be stated, 1 will state only two to prove this fact. In the, year 1770. the whole value of manu factured cotton in England was equal to 1,300, 000 dollars per annum. This was principally in corduroys, quillings and coarse articles. A i> nit that time lliehard Arkwright (a man whom nature had created a genius, but penury had made a barbel) conceived the possibility of s, inning cotton by machinery. After some years ot experiment, and under every disad vantage of indigence and sarcasm, he succeed ed in making wnat is called the water frame, to which he added the carding and roving en gines; by which one person could pi ounce as much yarn, and of as good a quality as 20 per sons were accustomed to spin by hand in the same time. His success soon bettered his for tune,'created envy, and raised up a host of pie tenders to his invention ; which, but a few years before were viewed as the futile projects of a disordered mind. Opposition arose to his erecting cotton mills, .est the hand spinners snoutd be deprived of labor and mead, iiui tne wisdom of government protected him ; the good sense ol the lew. overcome the prejr li ces of the many; the engines progressively improved, the cheapness of the yarn increased the trade, more spinners were employed in the new than in the old practice of hand wheels; end men, women, and children of three years of age, found work in the mills bv which t.iey gain subsistence for themselves, and raised wealth to the nation. Thus by the genius and industry of one poor and obscure individual, the value of the manu factured cotton in England, has within the last 36 years been raised from 1,300,000 to 31.500,000 dollars per annum. Four or five years ago, the English manufactured about 31 mi,nous of pounds weight of raw cotton; which on an average ot 33 cents a pound, leaves a profit to the nat on of 21 millions of dollars a year. This invention, which took place in England, and the consequent demand for cotton, has caused a vast cultivation of that article in Ame rica, which wiv- not thought of 20 years ago ; a id which could not now exist, had it not been f>r the invention of the cotton mills. So that there are planters in America acquiring many thousands ot dollars a year, who must have lived in mediocrity, or perhaps poverty all their li es, had not the patent law drawn forth the genius of such a man as Arkwright. Thus it is, that the useful arts and improvements bene fit mankind in general, though it is seldom that their good consequences can be foreseen or calculated. STEAM E.VO EYE. The second example to shew the importance of securing to men of genius, the exclusive right to their mental labors L the case of Mr. \ fit. About 25 ye irs ago, be improved the steam engine, by adding a separate condenser and a rotary movement; by which it could he applied, as the first mover to all kinds of mills, instead of water wheels. The two great ad vantages which arose trom the improvement, were the saving of fuel and the power to es ah lhh mills and machinery of ill kinds, whenever coals could be found or delivered at a conveni ent price. This had the sime effect, as it would have had to multiply the number of wa ter falls or mill seats throughout the country, T he economy of coals encouraged the estab lishment of such engines to pump the water from the mines of Cornwall, it has save ! ni my valuable mines from being drowned, has given the means of working them much deeper than was formerly the custom, and thus created a vast wealth in copper add tin. Objects which otherwise wouid have remained under ground, lost to the nation. Until the rotary movement was applied to the *"■ atn engine, all tv.illr- i, London were put in motion In water, wind or horses. When iion ore w..s found, it was necessary to carry it to a waterfall; which fall was necessary to woi k the bellows of the furnace. W hen the ore was run to pigs, time vas seldom water safia i ‘lit at the furnace to work the forge. It therefore was necessary to transport the pigs to another tvmcr full, perhaps 20 or 30 miles ; this increased the cxpcnce and price oi iron, and created two distinct branches of business in the iron tiade, those ol the smelter, ardfirgers. These two companies disputing about the price i t pig iron, it occurred to John iikinson, who was a smelter, to l ender him self independent of the forgers, by erecting a steam engine to forge the pigs into bars. This he did, and perfectly succeeded , which new experiment has set tinges and furnaces inde pendent of waterfalls, for wherever ore and coals a e found, (and they are frequently near each other), steam engines may be erected to blow the furnace and work the forge, or rolling and slitting mills. T his is now the most gene ral practice throughout England. The conse quence is a great number of ironworks have Ix-en established, and a vast wealth has been drawn from the earth, which would now be ly ing useless to man, had not the patent law sii lnuiated the genius and activity of Mr. Watt. By the power of his engine mam old mines have been saved, new ones opened, cotton mills built, corn mills and machinery ol” all kinds put in motion, canals furnished with wa ter at their summit levels, which otherwise could never have been rendered navigable. In tact such various improvements have been made in mining and manufacturing in conse quence of this engine, that it is almost impos sible to trace them through all their combina tions and happy consequences. But the fol lowing calculation will give some idea of the wealth they have raised to tiie nation. Two years ago Mr. Watt had made 1500 engines at his ow r n works at Soho near Bir mingham ; and bout an equal number had been made ir different parts of the kingdom ; total 3,000 engines. Estimating those on an average at 12 horses power, each one would be equaj to the work of 36 horses ; for it would require three sets or changes of horses to keep up i he perpetuity of motion like a steam engine. I he 3,000 engines consequently perform the work of 108,000 horses. To feed such a num ber of horses, at 120 dollars each, would cost 12,960,000 dollars a year. They would con sume the produce of 5 40,000 acres of land ; which produce now goes to feed the inhabit ruts and increase the industry and strength of the nation, while the engine is fed with coals. Having now considered this immense sav ing ol the produce-of agriculture for ihc nou rishment of man, I will now suppose that the feeding the engine with coals costs half as much as the feed of an equal number of hor- Sl ‘s the profit of the, labor of each horse pow er may be estimated at 120 dollars, or total horse power at 12.900,000 dollars a year. Therefore adding this profit to the savings and consequent increase of agriculture— the saving oi mines—the economy and profits of manu factures, and the wht h consequences of ih v in vein ion, it may fairly be calculated that it has raised as much wealth to the nation as the rol lon mills ; and these two inventions have with in the last 30 years added at least 60,000,000 of dollars a year to the riches of England ; this sum is c jual to 13,500.0001. sterling, which is the interest of a capital of 270,000,000 sterling. Hence while Mr. Pitt was spending this im mense capital in non-pro Juctive and ruinous wars,, the enius ot productive industry was creating the me ns to enable the nation to pay the interest. \\ iiich of these men, ihe pro moter of war, or the inventor of useful arts, merits most the lasting monument Os the peo ple’s gratitude ? May it be the ambition of every American, whose mind has broke the shackles of vulgar psejudicc, to encourage the liberal application of the sciences to the arts. It is by these means only that the produce of labor can be multiplied and the enjoyments of life increased. May the wealth which they produce be again applied to their further advancement ; till our country is converted into one continued garden, the pride of Americans and the admiration of the world. ROBERT FULTON. attention” sth Company! r I ’HE members of the sth Company wi’l parade * without arms or acquipments, on Saturday next, at 5 o’clock ?. M and on every Saturday, at lame hour (during the present war) in front of the Coutt-Houfe, and in order that no person may plead ignorance of the limits of the company iliftnet, the foilowino- are ts boundaries . commenencing at Mr. Samuel Wil liams’ (tore Morels wharf, from thence to the common, from thence to Mrs. Bulloch’s corner of Barnard (1 1 it, from thence to Mrs. Geo. Buffets cornet of Barnard and Broughton flreet; thence to Mr. James Johnston’s cor ner of Broughton and Bull streets, and from thence to the river or to the (tore of Vleffrs Be qamin and Charles Brooks, of which limits ail concerned will take notice, and it is presumed that none wiii conceal or execute himfclf from duty at thU time. Job. T. Bolles, Caf)t. July 16. 75, XOTICib. THE fubfeibers being about to be ahfent from to"-n for a few weeks, humhlvd'fire all in debted to tnem, titl.,-r i>, me ,r book account, to come lorward and difeharge the fame by the 2>,th of this instant, if not they may expea to find their ac counts in the hands of a mag (t re a-- no lo ger in diligence can p ffi >!v be given ; they a’ the fame ome invite all to whom they are indebted, to come forward and receive their pay. Roberts &, Brant. Ju'y *6 76. Savannah, THURSDAY EVENING, JULY 16, 1807. T he late outrageous and unprecedented ag gression on our rights, as a free people, by the lliitish ship Leopard, seems, ot late, to have taken place, in our newspapers, of almostevev other subject ; and wc cannot but ailnnre the patriotism and fine of country, evinced by Ante r’ccin editors, in suspending all political contro versies ol a local nature, and joining with one mice to exclaim against these common distur bers ot the peace—these lawless usurpers of po\mi —this bund oi tyrants on land, and rob bets and murderers at sea : but it is somewhat singular, though nothing more than we had pudieted, that the editoi ot the Augusta He rald should have refused to join ir. unison with others ; and chooses to attach all the blame to our government and public officers. In noti cing’ the I to catastrophe, lie. has filled near two columns of his paper of the 9th instant, with basu-si uiility aiiil abuse levelled at our Presi dent and national councils. \\ e have once had occasion to remark, that Mr. Hobby was a dis contented kind of a man—sat sfied with no thing, and finding fault with every thing, done by our present administration: Phis circum stance is a striking proof of the fact—nothing that the present administration have done—no thing they could do, would meet his approba tion. This being admitted (and no one, wc presume, will deny ii) we feel ourselves in du ti bound to ask pardon of our l eaders for hav ing thus taken notice of him ; for he merits none other than the contempt of every real American. Ihe want of room onlv prevents our republishing his comments at full length, which ai e, of themselves, sufficient to brand tniii authoi with that infamy ami disgrace he so justly deserves. A letter from Richmond, dated the 24th nit. received at Petersburg, says— >“ 1 have scarcely any news to communicate, except a circum stance staled to have taken plm e in Alexandria. A gentleman just arrived from that place, informs, that at a town meeting held he lore he came away, three or four persons were thrown out of the court-house windows, for op posing some of the resolutions offered at the met ting. ” — Charleston paper. Captain Davis arrived at Philadelphia on the 28th oh. from Lisbon, spoke, on the 19th nil. the ship Hazard. 28 days from Amsterdam the captain of which, informed him, there had been a dreadful engagement between the Rus sians and French, on the 2d of May, in which the latter were defeated. Bonaparte has lost an arm, and was otherwise badly wounded. On the foiegoing, the editor of the American Daily Advertiser, remarks—‘that the latest advir.es of ihe French grand army, were to the 23 1 of April, from Amsterdam on the Bth of May, and from London, the 16th. ‘I he Hazard must have sailed about ihe 20th of May, and consequently brings intelligence from the con tinent of Europe ten days later than has been heretofore received.” St. Mary's. Camden Cotm'y. Georgia. 10 h July. 1807. It being announced bv the Tntendant and Counri’ of the town of St. Mary’- that an important communica tion, bad been received from a committee of correspon dence of the borough of Nnrfo'k, relative to a m-ft cruel and linnarallelled outrage, committed on our na tion, by a Kritifh iquadron, together with -hi tain refo lurions, entered into bv the citizen* of Norfolk and Portsmouth The citizens immediately convened, at th - Court-house, in the ton nos St. Mary’s, at fix’ o’clock, I’. M. unanimously called Major Japie* Sp a . prove *n the chair, and appointed Charles Stahl, Esq. their ferretary. 1 R ”soi.v ri, That the thanks of this mee'ing he piv en to the citizens- f he hoiouph of Norfolk, for the prompt dedlion and truly patriotic conduct exhibited bv them, in paflinp certain resolutions, derai'inp fla grant violations offered to our country hv the British squadron, and their determination to hazard their lives and lortune- in defence of their country, RESMvrn unavimouliv, That James Seaprove, Archibald Clark. William G hfon, John Pnf* and David G. Jones, Efqrs. he appointed a committee, to report resolutions to he fubrnitted to the coofideration of an adjourned meeting of the citizens, to he held at the Court-house to-morrow, the 1 1th instant. JAMES SEAGROVE, Chairman. Test. Charles St a ul, Sec’ry. July IT. Apreeahle to the notice of yesterday, the citizens as femb ed, and the cnmmit'ee appoint,d, laid before them .he following resolutions which were unani mously adopted. Resolved unanimoiislv, That we will not fuf fer ary (hips, veflVs or fuhj-'As of Great.-Britain, to receive any fupplits whatever, in our port or on our coast, that we can prevent—and that we will hold as enemies to our country, all and every person, and per sons who (hall ho and any communication with Jin i(h (hips or veffel*, or afford them any supp ies. P r solved unanimously, That (lioufd any at -ernpt lie made by the officers or cp-w of any British (hip or vessel of war. to obtain, hv force, either watei or provisions, on the (bores of this diftriift, we will oppose them by force of arms, at the hazard of ur lives and propeity. Resolved unanimou.si.v, That the pilot* of this diltrnff ill il. not be permitted to extend heir iervite* *0 any Britifii armed vessel that may apj roach our waters. Resolved unaniwou lt, That the resolutions of the inhabitants of Norfolk and Porrl'ifiouth in Virpinia, adopted 011 the 24th of June, an droop evidences of th”ir rour-ge, and humanity, arid that ‘heir proprie y of condudt merits the approbation of every real friend to the interest, honor and prosperity of our countiy. Resolved unanimously, i hat we will hold as sacred and inviolable, the resolutions this day entered into, and to he continued in full force and vi tue, until ir (hall be officially known, that Complete faiisfarftion is rn—de for the unv/an aritshl aggrellion, committed on our national ve el the Chesapeake. REso r ved UN A N im-ju Y, That this committee he requested (in order to carry the above resolutions into effect,) to corieipondend with the ;iu-tu 1 tutting :a the Interior of our country, and recommend .1 co-npcr£- tii'ii in the measures adopted by this meeting. L isoi vi and unanimously, That these nfolutionj containing tht (cute of the inhabitantsgeneral'y, ough t to be pubiithed, as a testimony of their aeal, to liq.j ort the honoi of the American flag, and their and. fne to co operate w.ththcii fedow-citiz.i ns in any mealure that may be diretfted by tbe conlluuted authority ol cur lt.itt*, or of thu general g ovt nnu-nt. Resolved unamvou.my, I bat John Floyd, Vit liain hcott/l bonus king, Will, a Jolinftrm, 1 lurks Floyd, N. S. Bavard, N. R Greene, Jo! n C. lloufloun, Ilaac Crews, Jolt; h R. JVlackay, and James Smith, be added to the preleiit comiuee for the purjofr cl Cany ing the lorepOing resolutions into efi.a. Resoi ved unanimously, ’that the thanks of this meeting be tendered to major Janies Seat rove, for his cheerful and prompt acceptance 01 the ih.ur, and the patriotic dilpofiiion.he hath ihewn in the difeharge ol the duties afligned him. k I:solved unanimously, That the committee now agreed on, be conftitm and a committee offafety, and that the honorable James Seagrove be the permanent chairman thereof. JAMES SEAGROVE, Chairman. It'll. Charles Siah l, Xec'ry. |CT” The Toasts drank at St Marv’s on tho fourth ot July, are in type, but arc necessarily laid over till Saturday, when they shall poui iHcl) have insertion. PROPOSALS, I-or pubhfhing a Newspaper in the city of Savannah, to he entitled, Federal Republican Advocate, and Commercial Advertiser. This p*per wi’l be publiftted every Mondav and Tlinrf lav, cm a large Koval (beet with a good type, at li X lb liars peranmim, one half pa able in advance. Tbe Adv.catt lira!l be unceafingl; dev edu -he d< free and preltrvation of the great principles of our revolution, and cf the federal con ft unto >n: :nd as far as tbe feeble abilities cf the editor (with tbe I). ft literary aid he can procure) wi;l enable hint, to the tig ‘ant ik ieTli 11, and den im lied exposure of th fe falfe and abominable doctrines the offspring < f revolutionary France, which, from their holioity to r.-afoil, religion arid I'.icial taw, have an imm- tliate tendency to poilon the minds of the people, and e ven uallr to jeiq a tlize the sovereignty and indepen dence of ihe country With ibis declaration, iiom s’ ch ho ], etlg, s hjmfelf never o devia e—he an ticipates the pi - n,pt and liberal fu port of all thole vvho, will him, fit terely vi iterate the great charter ol our liberties, and with him too, are auxioii* to preserve and to tranlmit to p llerity, unfu‘ ied and vvithi ut hlemifli, the reputations and the principles ot the heroes who atchievcd it JOHN CARMONT. Savannah, Jul ,18 7. Snbfcribtimn received at M (Tr. Ronalds’s Kook Store on the Bay and at he Exchange Coffee-Houfe. [The foregoing profpeau* is pub'ilhnd hv a requell from the Editor In comp ying with this requell, we fei'l it our duty to anticipate certain enquiries, which wil., of rourfe, be made by liinie ol our reader*, and to reply to them, as far as our know edge of fails, and infru mat ion obtained by enquiry enable us to do. ‘1 he firll quellion will probably be—W hat is this “ Federal Republican Advocate,” and what is its intention, &i.t this cnqniiy we anlwer—lt a paper hitherto called ibe I’A I KIO I , cltab.ilhed, a few year* ago, as a Republican print, (by Mr James Helm) and for a length of time, advocated principles of democracy but has lately, under the editorial uire&ion of this Mr. Cartuont, undergone a change in its politics, and is now about to change its name. Another enquiry may, perhaps, he—Who is John Carmont— where from—has he talents and character P We anlwer—Me is, as we have heaid, a native of Scotland, not a citizen of America, never having taken the oath ill celfary to make him one...As to his talents, we have seen nodilplav ol them in the Patriot, or any where file; nor do we know, that he pofleffus any... \& to bis political tenets—he is laid to be firmly attached tohisnative country, and her rulers...Of his private relptu‘l ability, we know no lung, 1101 have we any rea fen to douljt, never, till lately, having known him in any other capacity than that of fchool mailer, the du ties of which, wc are willing to believe, he difeharged with fidelity ] Edit. Rep. Removal. G* ILFERT’S Millinery Ware R r v rr, s removed to Glic house aie y occupied b M-. G-orge Pen. , lies door to James Dicklon, efq. Market quart July <6 p 7 6 (J.J° During my absence this sum mer at the Northward, my j AVV BUSINESS will j ’ K auended to bv GboiiGE Wot.DRUFF. Chaki.es ! ‘lakkiS, 1 Cuvi.Eii, F T Fi.yming am Hitti | Attn M S 1 ites, esq’rs. Bufmef. in which I may be individually concerned, will a’fo be attended t(z hv K S’l es, efq wfio has a power of attor ney forthat purpose. 11. Leake. June 27 | B 15 Doll ars Reward. \T’U.[. be given to any person who will lodgt *” in Jad or deliver to the Oyerfeer nv n M s. WYLLY'S plant • ion on Skida vay Kluid—two Negroes anfweriog ihe f'dlowing defcriptiou : 811.1. Y, about five feet ten or eleven inches iri might, tolerably well firmed, though fome what llei ier, is remirkable f >r being feidum been withi ut a 1111 lie upon Ins i umenai ce. KIWI., ah ut five feet five or fix inches high, ex ceediv.gly we I shaped and muscular, face (omewhat marked nh the lmal! p -x, C’ uritenance burly. Richard li. V’/ylly. JuT “ ?J GEt)R G! A, p 3;. Th mas Bourke.cli rk of the C urt •- S. \ | Ordinary f r thtO.ui yu( Chat. I h ii urke, jb’ani in the (tate afore laid. IV’ 111. ‘f. A * Joan Caig has m.jde atip'ica'ion for lent” sos adnnniflration on the eflate arid effects of ihe reverend K beit Smith if Sou. ii Carolina, de cealed, as jirn cipal creditor. ‘lhtl'r are iheref re to cite and admomfh all aid 1.1 gular tbe kusiired and Creditors of tho laid deceal.'ii, to file their f bjeflionsf I any tliey have) m my eft,cc, on or before the 6tli day of Aiiguit r-xq other wife leuert of administration will be grained him. Given under my hand and feat, ‘his 6th day of July, in the peat “f our Lord o\e thoulaod i igii’ hundred and (even, and m the jiff year of American Independence. t P