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MS ■JUt THE REPUBLICAN. ' i,. • ' • Tuesday, August 1, 1815* >*•*** . mm • ■ -■ Mfc BY FREDERIC?. S. FELL* <W THE BAT, HEAR TUB SXCHAHOB* PRINTED THREE TIMES A WEEK. At Six Uuum per annum, In advance. y'do&Xlen 'W* aelecW iy {ita T u anALM* 6AtBan {ndeptmdsrf ewntfy.tu attempt (» friendi, 1 on attouht c.* its posilian. .11 it •ami- it it etue-tvoted to accuse theu.) “to iMioic aycn »t laws* loiairrtere in ju* internal aff.in; tor preset-ibs to it a iorut or government, to give it cu&£rs according to ttia interests or passions c£ ;u neighbors, (t) But they al.oknow that LATE PROM ENGLAND. _ ._J» lendon Papers received at the effae of 7 the Norfolk Pnbtie Ledger,by tht inf Long- jbM Cat, Captain Blair.J LoBUoW; Blay 25. At length minuter* hare retired official dis patches from lord Burgheitb, in which the de- states that Italy isorerrun with soldier-* who have deserted from Murat’* army, and. taken Up tbs profession of assassins and banditti. By ano ther order of the day these tinbepjiy men ere invited to enrol themselves in the cetfsc bf their legitimate sovereign,' Ferdin nd IV, nnder the immediate order* of the English eoi. Cberch, who he* arrived at Rome to organise them.— But. CONGRESS OF VIENNA. Extract from the Minutes of Conferenees of the Pavers who signed the Treaty of Pa ris. CorrsttRes «r Mat 13, ISIS. The cemmittee appointed en the S>th inst and charged to examine, whether, after the 'J$P feat of M oral it staled to be complete. Thefoi- events which have pasted since the retera of lowing Bulletin was last night isioed from the Napoleon Bonaparte to France, and in eonse- Pereign Offiea, announcing the event;— bulletin. H Foreign Office, May 2d, 1815. M Letters ware received last night from lord Burgbersk, dated the 3d inst which state, that the Austrian general Bianchi was that morning engaged with three Neapolitan divisions in an action, which terminated in their total discom fiture, and the edvapice of the Austrians from * Tolentiao to within a short distance of Mace- rata. , -/T By the rapidity with which general Bian chi had conducted his inarch ftom Bologna through Florence end Foligno, he was enabled to occupy the direct road from Ancona to Na ples, and thereby to turn the positions of the Neapolitan army-, hlurat was consequently obliged to fight a battle, in the hopes of seen-' ting his retreat to the frontiers of the Neapoli tan States. •* General Bianchi on the 2d May. took up a position, on the heights in front of Tolentino, extending between the rivers Cliienti on his right, and Potenza onhiv left. Marat advanced against him from Macerate with the divisions »f generals Linen. Pignalelli and Ambrosio; and occupied the heights abont Monte Milonr. « Early on the 3d the Neapolitans attacked the centre and right of the A ustrians, command, ed by generals Mohr and Sbarhembcrg; but this attack having failed with loss, the whole efforts of Mural’s army were directed against the Austrian’s left. This attack made in three heavy columns of infantry, in mass, supported by cavalry and artillery, was received by an Aus- , Irian brigade,'directed by general Bianchi, who succeeded, with the assistance oftwo squadrons of cavalry in taking one of the masses and dis- „ persing the ethers. “ boon after this failure, Murat began hi* re treat; he Was punned with activity till dark ; Sear 10( 0 prisoners were taken during that day ; General ColTier and an aid-de-camp of general Medecies were among these. Generals Ambttv |lo and Campana were wounded. •• Gen. Niepperg, with his corps, was in com munication with gen. Bianchi by Nepi. M The Neapolitan army retreated by Fermo •nd Pescera. “ Subsequent letters frtm lord Bcrghersh, dated Rome, May 7, state, that general NSep- jitrg arrived at Monte Cussiano on the 3d at Bight, and was ordered to meet gen. Bianchi on the Alb at Macereta. A detachment of the Corps of gen Nugent, which was moving by Jtietti upon Aouita encountered on the 1st May. a body of SCO Neapolitans, and defeated it with great toss. > •‘iThe enemy «u commanded by gen- Mon tigni, and occupied a strong post upon the road between Civile Ducale and lntredolo, from which, however, they were immedately driven back by a gallant attack, conducted by major Flette; two officers and several prisoners were taken, and a considerable number threw down their arms and dispersed. The peasants of the neighborhood took an active part in pursuit of the Neapolitan fugitires. “ Major Fleltr, after this success, marched open Aquiia, where he arrived on ibe 2d. The garrison, consisting of 300 men, retired iqto a castle on his approach. On the 4th they capi tulated, giving up ten pieees .of artillery, with a considerable quantity of ammunition, and being allowed to return to Naples, under the conditi on of not serving against the allies for the space of one month.” May 29. By the letters frem Vienna it appears that Abg general expectation there was that gen. Nu gent would be in Naples on the 9lh inst. Mu rat, it is believed, is completely cut off from hi* capital. The second division of the Russ’an army, consisting of two tine regiments of cavalry, with artillery, passed through Prague on the lltli inst. A third division passed through On the 13th—Other divisions have passed through Dresden. They are in fine order, and observe the strictest discipline. The Hamburgh Correspondent of the 23d in stant, contains the following singular para graph: “ A ship from Bordeaux, which arrived with quence of the documents published at Paris on the declaration which the powers issaed against him en the 13th March last, it would be necessary to proceed to a new declaration, presented at the sitting of this day the follow ing report: ...... REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE. The declaration published on the 13th March last against Napoleon iionaparla. and his ad herents, by the powers who signed the treaty of Paris, having, since bis return to Paris, been discussed in various shapes by those whom ha has employed for that purpose ; these discus sions having acquired great publicity, and a letter addressed by him to all the sovereigns, as well as a note addressed by the duke of Vi cenza to the heads of the cabinets of Europe, having been also published by him with Ibe manifest intention of influencing and mislead ing public opinion, the committee appointed in the silting of the 9th inst. was charged to present a report on these topics: and consider ing that in t‘ e above-ihentioned publications, it has been attempted to invalidate the declara tion of the 13th of March, by laying it down. 1. That the declaration, decreed against Bo naparte, at the period o£ his landing on the coast cf France, was without application sow that he had laid bold of the reins of goveimnent without open resistance, and that this fact suf ficiently proving the wishes of the nation^ be liad not only re-entered into possesion of his old rights in regard to France, but Ihattho question even ot the legitimacy of his govern inent had ceased to be within the jurisdiction of the powers : 2 That -by offering to ratify the treaty of Paris, he removed every ground of war against him; -r: The committee has been specially charged to take into consideration—« 1. Whether the position of Bonaparte in re gard to the powers of Europe has changed by the fact of his arrival in Paris, and by the cir cumstances that accompanied the first success of his attempt on the throne of France. 2. Whether the offer to sanction the treaty of Paris, en the 31 it of May, 1814, can deter mine the powers to adopt a system different from that which they announced in the decla ration of the 13ih of March? 3- Whether it he necessary or proper to pub lish a new declaration to confirm or modify that of the 13'-il March P The committee have maturely examined these questions, submits tc the assembly of plenipotentiaries the following account of the result of Us dclibcrat.en : dis liberty of a nation to change its srstim of ?fP«r»*t pretends to substitute his guarantee government mast have iti just limits, and that for that ol a savercigd, whose loyalty was with- „ just limits, if fore ign powers have not cho right to fire teHbe to i^the exercise which it slnil mslru of. that liberty, they have at le-st indubitably the fight of fir Meeting against tb: abase which it ffljy maks of it at their expense. Impress ed with this principle, the powers di not deem themselves authorised to impose a govern ment on France , but they will never renounce the right of preventing tl.e establishment in France ot a focus of disorders and of subver sions to other states, under the title of, a government. They will respect the liberty of France in every way in which it shall not be incompatible with tneir own security and tue otfferir?* hero Ihto an exposition of tto caas.de sffans which, under this last view, hnjC direffod the measures of the gover wonts. If Vdl 6s sufficient to recal to notices , that tkc onao -who, in no offferingto sanction the treaty out sum, aid benevolence without-measure, js the same who during IS years ravaged arid laid waste the earth, to God means ol . satisfy log his ambi'-io-i, who sacrificed millions-ol victims, and the happiness of an .entire genera* tioa, to a system of corquests, whom truces, li'.tie worthy of the name ol peace* have only rendered mve oppressive and more odious.; (7) who, after having by mad enterprites. tired force, anned sil Europe agfinst him, and exhaus’ed all the roea.ia ol F<ar.ca was forced o 4band in his projects,, and abdicated power to save sum relics of exigence ; who a *. ...m 1 2? t°r ol *r * sovereigns to inierlere in the question of the ; B'vtbgfhemselvei up to the hope o a dorab e internal government of Francois the more I tranquilly, meditated new catastrophes, a T :d by incontestable, mu-.mnch as the abolition ot the j • double pcifi'^y. towards the powe r a who had power which now entuus to be" re eststblishid j too gjperously iparfcd him, and towards a there, was the fundamental condition of a coverrnent which he could not attack without FIRST UUESTtOX. Is lit position of Bonaparte in regard to the powers of Bur ape altered by the first suc- tess of his enterprise, or by the events which have passed since his arrival in Paris? The powers informed of the landing of Bo- napare in France, could see in him only a man who, by advancing on the French territory, with force and arms, and with the avowed pro ject of overturning the established government by exciting the people and the army to revolt against their lawful sovereign, and by usurping the title of emperor of the French, (1) bad in curred the penalties which all legislations pro nounce against such outrages—a man who, by abusing the goud faith of the sovereigns, had broken a solemn treaty,— a man, in tine, who, by recalling upon France, happy and tranquil, all the scourges of internal and external war, ami upon Europe, at a moment when the bless ings of peace must have consoled her for her long sufferings, the sad necessity of a new go- neral armament, was justly regarded as the implacable -enemy of public welfare. Snch was the origin, such were the grounds of the declaration of the Jolh March : a declaration, of which the justice and necessity have been universally acknowledged, and which general opinion has sanctioned. The events which conducted Bonaparte to Paris, and restored to him for the moment the exercise of supreme power, have, doubtless, in fact, altered the position in which he was at the period of his entering France ; but these events, brought on by criminal collusion, by mi litary conspiracies, by revolting treasons, can in thesefew days at Hamburgh had a pass- | ^r^V/’the^^TbsolutriynTr^: port, which had on one sidethe oyal seal with | j e g a ) point oi view; and in order lotheposi- the ilcurs de lys, and on the other, that of the j ljon 0| - Bonaparte heing ess •ntially and legiti- eagle; and below that, the republican seal, with ; roa t e |y altered, it wonld be necessary that the the superscription, Rtpubhque Francois t, as j w i,icti he has taken to establish himself on in the year 1792. , . , . | the ruin* of the government overturned by him, 1 Jiug uUer^from Vlenn?; dated the Uth t i l h e ° uW have been confirmed by some legal ti- fr *tr*T s 1 ■ of Fenebe s school, who left u. yesterday to re- #fW , publishment on the throne suffice £ turn to France,baa acted a pretty considerable thu til ,„ 6UWCe part at the congreso os French cuunccilor of - Sstic'-rr. ^ ** It is suspeated that nearly ail the secreta ries in Talleyrand’s bureau were constantly connected with Bonaparte, as most of them are : gone back to France. It is confidently affirm- -ed that Bonaparte has made ircth proposal* to onr court respecting his wife and his sen. ten dering* as it seems, to make the empress regent of Frsnce. in her son’s name, in which case he (Bonaparte) wonld renoance the government, and refrain from interfering in the affairs of France. This preposal ip regarded as a proof of the nsuricr’s weakness ; no notice wat taken of it, •nd since then, there seems to be a more inti mate connection. With the cause of the Bour bons.’* The intelligence from Italy in the above pa per* is conclusive on the subject of Murat. He has been shut up in Ancona with the remains of the shattered army, and his wife and family are on their way to Gaels, which i* fortifying as their last asylum. This place is very strong : it w*s successfully defended against the French severe) years «o,by the brave prince of Hesse il wRn • ' Fhillipstal handful of men, and has constitute this legal title. The question for the powers to examine may be stated as follows : Can the consent, real or factitious, explicit or tacit, of the French na tion. to the re-establishment of Bonaparte’s patver, t perate a legal change in the position of the latter, in regard to foreign powers, and fonna title obligatory on these powers? The committee are of opinion that such can- net by any means be the effect of such con sent : and the following are their reasons: The powers know loo well the pi it.ci;>ies which ought to guide them in their relations (1) The first article of the convention ot the 11th of April, 1814, is as follows :—•• The em. peror Napoleon renounces, for hims-lf, his suc cessors, and deceodeius. as well as for all the memoirs of his family* all rights of sovereign* ty and cf power, not only over the French em pire and kingdom of Italy, but also over every other country.” Notwithstanding inis formal renunciation. Bests parte, in bis aifferent pro clamations from the Gulf of Juaa. from Gap* Grenoble, and Lyons, en itlcd himself •• by the grace of God and the constitution* 0 j die em- ■ pin * emperor efthe French, 4SV,—See JHtol- lettr ol Match iU, 1815. treaty of peace, on which rested all trie rela, tions which, up to the return ot Bar-.sparte to Fari», saosist-d between France and tae' rest of Europe. Ga.the day oftheirentrar.ee into Farii, the sovereigns d .-dared that they would •over tpeat ot peace with Bonaparte. (3) This •ieciarauon* loudly appluudr.c! by France aad. ■ty Europe, produced the abdication of Napo leon, aoutue conyeaffan cl ike 11th if April s it formed the priocipal bails cf the negation —it w-s explicitly pronounced fa the preamble . of the treaty of Fans. The French ni.iion, even supposing it perfecily tree and u .i.ed, caouot withdraw iueii from this food ,menial condition, without abrogating the treaty of Faris and ail its existing relations with the European system. The allied powers,*un the other hand, by ia.dstiag ou this very condition, only exercise a right which it 'i, impossible to contest to tfhtm, unless it be maiiilaine.d that the most sacred compacts can be perverted, as suits the couvenii noc ot cither of the contract ing parties. ^ it hcuce follows, that the will of the people of France is by no means sufficient to re-estab lish, io a legal .sense, a government prescribed by solemn engageuieir.s, which that very people entered iota with alkthe powers Eu rope i add that they cannot, under any pretext, give validity as agani.it these powers to the rigut of recalling to the throne him whose exclusion was a condition' preliminary to every pacific arrangement with France : the wish of the French people, even if it Wire tuily ascer tained, would not be the less null and of no effect in regard to Europe toward* re-establish ing a power, against which all Europe has been in a state of net manent p-otes; from the 31st of March, 1814, up to the 13th of March, 181$ ; •ind in this view the po-ition of Bonaparte is precisely at thi.r day what it wus at the last mentioned periods. ■ SttCOND QUSSTIO*?. Should the offer to .unction the Treaty of Faria change the di'ftoiition of the Powers. France has had no reason to complain of the treaty of Paris. This treaty reconciled France with Europe—-it satisfied all her true interests, secured all her rqal advantages, *11 the ele ments of prosperity and glory, which a people called to one of the first places in the Europ ean system could reasonably desire, and only took from her that which wis to her, under the deceitful exterior of grc.it national ectat, an inexhaustible source of sufferings, of rain, and of misery. This treaty was even an immense benefit for a country, reduced by the madness of its chief to the most disasteraus situation, (4) The allied powers would have betrayed their interest and iheir duties if, as the price cf so much moderation and generosity, they had uot, on signing the treaty, obtained some solid advan tage ; but the sole object ot their ambition was the peace ot Europe and the happiness of France. Neve/ in treating with Bonaparte, would they have consented to the conditions which they granted to a government, which;** while rffi-r- ing to Europe a pledge ot security and stability, relieved them from requiring from Frante the guarantees which they had demanded under its former government 57." This clause is insepa rable from the treaty of Paris ,* to abolish it; is to break this treaty. The form.il consent of the French nation to the ^turn of Bonaparte to the throne would be equivalent to a declaration ot war against Europe: for the state of peace did uot exist between Europe and Fra ice, except by the treaty of Paris, and the treaty of Paris is in. compatible with the power of Bonaparte. If this reasoning bad need of further support, it might be found ia the very offer of Bonaparte; to ratify the treaty of Paris. This treaty had been scrupuously observed and executed .* the transactions of the congress of Vienna were on ly its supplements and developemeqts; and with out the new attempt of Bonaparte, it would have been for a long series of years one of the bases of the public right of Europe t but this order cf things has given place to a new revo lution ; and the agents of this revolution, al though they proclaim incessantly “ that (6) nothing has been changed,” conceive and ieel themselves that ell is changed around them — The question is no longer the maintenance of the treaty of Paris, but the making of it afresh, The powers find themselves, with respect t« France, in the condition in which they were on the 31st of March, 1814. It is not to pre vent war, for France has in fact rekindled it, it is to terminate it that there now offers itself to Enropea state* ot things essentially different from that on which the peace of 1814 was foun. ded. The question, then, has ceased to be a question of right; it is no more than a question of political calculation and foresight, in which the powers have only to consult the real inter ests of their people and the common interest of Europe. The committee thinks i( may dispense with throne which . govermeat which he could not attack the blackest treason, usurped e tbroni hetia^ renounced, and which he never occupied except for the misery of France aod the world. This man bss no other guarantee tu propose to Europe 'than bis word. After the cruel experience of fitteee years, tyho would hwe the courage to accept this guarantee ; and. if the I^.e.'ch nation has teal’y embraced his cMi-r, whoc mlda ty longer respect the sccutii which it could offer ? * Peace with a government placed in such bands, and comp-sed of such element*, would only be a perpetual *tate of uncertainly, anx iety and danger. No power .being able effect ually to disarm, the people would enjoy nan* of the advantages of* tue peace; they would bo overwhelmed with expenses of all kinds ; confidence not being able to establish itself, any where, industry *ud cotmve ce wou'd eve ry sphere languish ; nnthtr.g would be stable in political relations; asu!sn discontent would spread overfill countries and tr.-m d.y today, Europe in alarm would expect a new explosion. The sovereigns have certainly not misunder stood the interest* of iheir people, in judging that an open war, with all its inconveoteociea and all its sacrifices, is preferable to such a siuts of things, and the measures which they h .ve adopted bare met the general approba tion. The opinion of Europe on this great occa* t)on ia pronounced ip a manner very positive and very solemn ; never could the real senti ments of n. tions have been more accurately known and more faithfully interpreted than at a moment when the representatives of all the power* were assembled to consolidate the peace of the world. -r * * (4) The emperor convinced of the critical situation in which be has placed France, and oi the impossibility cl saving it himself, ap peared to resign himself and consent to fin entire and unconditionsl'abdicatiao. Letter of Marshal Ney to the prioce afBeoevento. (5) Preamble of the treaty of Paris. (6j This idea recurs perpetually in tbe ra- p*t of tbe council of state of Bonapstte, pub lished in the Moniteur, April 13, ISIS. (?) H i* «hus that Bonaparte’s council of state e xpres* themselves in their report on the in. Mentions of the pavers,—-Sec Moteltcur of the 13th ot April. (S) DeeUratiea of the 31st oi March, -1814. THIBO question. H is necessary to publish a new declaration t The > b ervstinns which the committee have just presented furritli the answer to 'he last question which remains to be examined. It xnnstders. - 5 I; That the declaration oi the I3:h of March was d'etated to the powers by reasons of such evident justice and such decisive weight, that nobe of the sophis'rie* by which it is pre* tended to be attacked can at all effect it : ! 2. That these iea-ans remain in all their force, end that the changes wh ; ch have in fact occurred sioce the declaration of tha 13th of March, have produced no alteration in the po sition of Bonaparte and of F ance wi'h regard to the ailies. 3. That the offer tn ratify the treaty of Paris cannot on any account alter tbe dispotk^ tipn of the allies. W Therefore, the committee is of opinion that .it would be useless to publish a fresh declara tion.'' * i The plenipotentiaries of the powers who signed the tres'y of Paris, and who as auclt pro responsible for its execution wi'h regard m the (acceding power*, having taking into considers* •ion; and sanctioned by their approbation tho ; proceeding report, have resolved, that there shall be made to the plenipotentiaries of the ether royal courts a communication of minutes of this day - Thoy have further ordered, that sn extract of the said minu'es shall be mad* public. •+ Here follow the signature in the alphsbctievX al order of the courts t AUSTRIA. PORTUGAL. ■ % Prince Metternicb, The Count de PalmejlS* B.ron Wessenberg, Saldanha, SPAIN(Espagne) Lobo, P. Gotneslarrtdor, PRUSSIA. FRANCE. Prince Hirdenberg, Prince Talleyrand, Baron Humboldt, Duke of Dilberg, RUSSIA,' ' Count Alex d’Koaiites Count Rasoumouskrj G. Britain Count Stakelberg, Clan early, Count Nesselrode, u Cathcart, SWEDEN. ‘ Stewart, . Count Loswerhleha. . The undersigned plenipotentiaries, apprey*. ing the whole ot the principles contained in th*w preseat extract from the minutes, have affixed * to it their signatares. ; Vienna, May 13, ISIS. (7) The committee hare thinks "if tight to add the important observation, (bat the greater part af tbe invasions, and forced anions, of which Bonaparte formed successively what ho called «he great empire, tock place durieg those perfidious intervals of peace, more des- i tructive to Europe than eves the wars with which it was tormented. It wa* thus that he tock possession of Piedmont, Paros, Gan os, Lucca, of the stares of Rome, of Holland, of the countries composing the 33d military d£ vision. It was thus at a period of. peace (at least with all the continent,) that be struck tbe firet blow against Portugal and Spaing ard he thought to have finished the canquest of those countries by cunning and audacity, whew - the patriotism and energy of ihe people of the - Peninsula drew him into a sanguinary war, the, - commencement of his downfall, and cf lbe? ' aalyatisn ei Europe. Sir * Hi J - ;, r V. ' h wMk