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SAVANNAH DAILY HEEALD. VOL. 1-NO. 52. The Savannah Daily Herald (MORNING AND EVENING} 18 PUBLISHED BY M. W. MASON & CO., At 111 Bay Street, Savannah, Georgia, terms: Per Copy Five Cents. Per Hundred $5 50. per Year $lO 00, advertising: Two Dollars per Square of Ten Lines for first in sertion ; One Dollar for each subsequent one. Ad vertisements inserted in the morning, wiil, if desired, appear in the evening without extra charge. JOB PRINTING every style, neatly and promptly done. Hebei. Gold Speculation. —The Confed erates seem to be as much troubled by reckless f peculation?, as ever were we, and to treat the gold “bulls and bears” with as little respect as the said animals command from patiiolic persons on out side of the lines. In all our fluctuations of currency value however, we have never touched so deep as 45 to 1. The worst that has ever befallen us in a financial way has been to see our green back currency so* low as nearly 3 for 1. That is, when it took nearly three dollars of green backs to buy one dollar in gold. Our pros pects have however been improved to such an extent that a gold dollar is ouly worth one dollar and three quarters, and the cur rency appreciates in value every day. But for the Rebel Hags there was still a “lower depth.” The article we quote speaks of “sixty for one,” and we have known Con federate paper representing a hundred dollars to be sold for thirty six cents, and the man thought he was cheated even then and so did ail the by-standers. But read the artiele which follows. GOLD AND GOLD SPECULATORS. “One of the greatest evil3 of this war, as it is of all wars, is the terrible spirit of specula tion, but above all evils incident to this re volution is the speculation in gold. The price of gold in currency is entirely fictitious. Toe amount of Confederate notes it requires to buy a dollar in gold, is no standard of the discount on such paper when compared to bullion. The gold speculators at their stands, with their signs out, and the hawker for a purchaser on the streets, put a price upon gold and demand so much from the fears of the unthinking and the panic stricken merchant and trader. Gold is .a scarce commodity which advances in price according to the demand—it is governed en tirely now by the law r s of trade. Tim gold buyer and seller in this revolu tion have done more to destroy confidence, and overturn the currency, than all others combined. We say to day gold is forty-five for one, and every oue without thought, erics out, th£ currency is gone. To-morrow it is reported by a combination of* gold sharpers and tele graphic wire-workers that gold lias advanced and is sixty for one, and the whole routine of business is startled. The necessaries of life advance, domestic goods, and everything that enters into the daily use of the poorest cottage, are advanced to fictitious figures by the machinations of these abominable ha: - pies—these chiefs of Mammon on earth— who, like their infernal master, have always their eyes down counting their gold. The price of gold at any time now, is not the true rate of discount on the currency, as it should be. The true rate of discount cn Federal greenbacks is the price of gold, be cause our Yankee enemies have dealt with this thing better than we. They first made their war currency a legal tender, and then laii an embargo upon the gold speculators. The three balls of the brokers have done us more injury than millions of balls from the enemy’s guus. The trade should be tabooed. A license, amounting to prohibition, should be laid upon all men who speculate in gold. Our currency', though bad enough, is not nearly so bad as these men wonld make it.— Constitutionalist. Poor Governor Brown.— This unfortu nate gentleman seems to please no oue—we subjoin articles from several secesh journals, which, however antagonistic they may be to each other in other regards,unite most cor dially in abusing Poor Governor Brown. The Governor must be of the pachyderma tous order, else lie would have been stung to death long, long ago, long ago. ‘ The Governor’s Message, as he terms it, is one of the most remarkable papers that lias ever emanated from an Executive since the formation of the Colonies into States. No Executive ever laid himself so liable to be assailed as bas Gov. Brown, and, in fact, the paper purporting to be a message is simply a compilation of “Indignant epithets,” per sonal assaults, and unrestrained abuse of our President and Generals, and unbecoming the position of so high an official. When the Governor assails the ; President, he strikes a man who was the first choice of this nation, and who was elected with the universal con sent of all parties, and indirectly hits the people w r ho placed him at the head of the Government. He who dares to strike Presi dent Davis, assaults the sovereigns of this Confederacy, and they will return the thrust. He wh<7 is so dishouorable as to slander our Governmen*. slanders our mother, and v e will strike back again. Lincoln is opposing ourjGoverdment, and so is Governor Brown — we. are fighting the former, and will oppose and if necessary, fight the latter. We can not make “fish of oue and fowl of the others. ” The “Oed Man Eloquent.’’— We do not know who is the “old man of more than 70 years,” but he speaks with an enthusiasm which ought actually to “fire the the Southern hearty ’ if that bit of anatomy has not been already scorched to a cinder. It has been “fired” a most prodigious number t>f times, and if it is not pretty nearly burnt out, it lias certainly had a “foretaste of immortal SAVANNAH, GA„ FRIDAY, MARCH 24, 1865. bliss,” as the Hymn Book says, what may be tne fate of the Southern heart hereafter, we can’t tell—if Heaven, —all right,—if the other place, the constant “firing,” it has been sub jected to in this world, will have given it a pretty thorough preliminary seasoning. But hear the old man, Young men, rise in the majesty of your strength, and, like Samson, shake yourselves, §ird on your armor, every man of you, and vto the rescue of your bleeding country. If you fall in battle let your faces be toward the enemy. Your only hope for success is to be found in wise counsels,' able comman ders, stout hearts, strong arms, sharp flints and dry powder. lam a few days over seventy years ot age, but, thank God, I have no aches nor pains, wounds, bruises nor putrifying sores. 1 am neither deaf, dumb nor blind, bottleham’d, knockkneed, hip shot ten nor ill- begotten. I -am as sound as a healthy baby. In 1861, in my sixty-seventh year, I was a high private in the Confederate army, on the soil oi the Old Dominion, for twelve calendar months, and served every day ot my enlistment, obeying every order from a corporal to the President, and was honorably discharged. lam yet able to per form the duties of a soldier, and am willing to do it in any capacity that may be assigned me. Young men, come out from your hid ing places and show your blood and bot tom. * • G. G.’, Bishop Elliott s Proclamation. —The dis couragement of the Rebels at their late re verses has taken a deep hold upon them, so much so that we find the dignitaries" of the church issuing, in accordance with the re commendation of Jeff. Davis, a proclamation of a day of “fasting, humiliation and prayer.” From that strange document issued by Bishop Elliott, we extract some paragraphs which certainly are couched in tho most re markable language we have ever seen In a similar paper. We can, then, judge what must be the state of feeling, when the utter despair of the Clergy causes them to give vent to such des pondent language as is used by the Bishop. Next we shall have the women giving way, and, as they are now the only support of the Confederacy, the collapse, when the women withdraw their supporting strength, will be utter and complete. We commend the words of the Bishop to the careful attention of every one of our readers. Such sentences are, from such a source, a sure sign of speedily approaching dissolution. Extract froji Bishop Elliott's Proclamation. “As the times are especially critical, I would impress upon my Clergy the importance of calling the attentiomof the people of their flocks, at some period: prior to the occurrence of this Jay of Humiliation, to the solemn duty which lies upon them of keeping it with earnestness and sincerity of heart. We have reached that point in the history of our strug gle when our independence must be lost un less we can gain the favor of God, in whose hands are i he issues of all human events; “Sin lieth at our door,” and, therefore, our armies cannot stand * before their enemies, but turn their backs upon them. The ac cursed thing, which lias lost us the favor of God, must be searched out; and whether it be pride or self-will, or covetousness or un godliness,or general iniquity, it must be sacri fied in repentence and with tears, if so be that t le fierceness of his anger may be turned from us aud harmony and union may once again be restored to us. He has beeu our si roDg rock of defence through this unparal led struggle, and to Him must we turn tor a renewal of our strength and a revival of our hope.” [Ebenezer Brown catches it in the follow ing manner from the Spirit of the South of March 5. ] Treason in High Places. —The most atrocious and traitorous document of a pub lic character that has* been issued in the South since the war commenced, is the re cent message of Gov. Brown, of Georgia.— We blush for the vindictive atrocity that characterizes it. We blush that a sister Southern State should be so misrepresented and wronged through her public mouth piece. before the world. We blush that the Governor of the first State of the Confedera cy, should be so filled “with all uncharitable ness,’’and so emptied of patriotic feelings and impulses as to send forth to the world a docu ment so replete with folly, with egotism, with madness, with destruction and death to our cause. It is direct encouragement to our soldiers to desert. It is positive encouragement to our enemies to persevere in their fiendish war upon us,—-it is open war upon the Con federate Government, —and bold persuasion to a counter revolution. It proves Governor Brown as much a traitor as John Brown ; as much a deserter to our cause as the soldier who throws down liis arms and leaves his command without permission. It proves him anything else than a wise Govemoi. and a true patriot, Enfanta Spirit of the South. Endearing Passages from a Confederate Christian. A Reverend correspondent of the Macon Telegraph and Confederate, speaking of war matters, says: The North, alas! is little better than Sodom. We are fighting in our own de fence ; we are defending our political and re ligious rights and honor. Asa maiden, who, when she beholds the stealthy approach and in the greedy aud adulterous eyes, the fiend ish purpose of some brutal sensualist, flies from his eml race, so escaped the South from the North to save her honor; and that sen sualist, failing in the assault on her honor, now strives to take her life. We pity that blushing maiden, the South. Poof gal! Coal.— The attention of all citizens who desire this fuel is called to the advertisement of the Fuel Supply Committee. Call at once and be supplied. Syrian Gothamites. —Helbon is noted more for its for the stupidity of its in habitants, whose reputation in this repect is similar to that of the wise men of Goshman, as the waggish merry-andrew styled his countrymen, the Barons ofPevensey. Among the ridiculous stories fathered on them, I will here repeat a few. Once upon a time the inhabitants of Helbon declared themselves independent, and were going to establish a government of their own, but found them selves unable to carry out their intention because there were not men enough in the place to fill all the public offices. Another time, it is said, the good folks of Helbon wished to drag a little on one side a moun tain which kept the mid-dav sun from their village. With this object they tied a rope to a large oak growing on the "mountain, and pulled at it till the rope broke, and gave many of them so severe a fall that they were content to postpone the removal of the moun tain till some more fitting opportunity. On another occasion when there was a total eclipse of the moon, the inhabitants of Hel born took it into their heads that the people of a neighboring village had stolen that planet. Accordingly they all turned out armed against their neighbors, to force them to give them back their moon ; .but before they had quite reached the village*the eclips waß over, and the moon appeared in full splendor. On this they returned home in triumph, boasting that "their neighbors had given them back their moon for fear of them. A native of Ilelbon was once driving to Da mascus a donkey Jaden with wood tor sale, when, the load being too heavy for the ani mal he considerately took It oft' and put it on his own shoulders, and then mounting the donkey, he rode on it intq Damascus. A boy once thrust his hand into a narrow-neck ed pitcher containing walnuts, and having filled his hand with them was unable to draw it out again. He cried bitterly; the whole village assembled to deliberate on what, was best to be done, and the wise mau of the place gave it as his opinion that the boy’s hand must be cut oft'; when fortunately, a stranger, who happened to be passing by, freed the boy from the danger he was m by telling him to let go the walnuts, and so draw his hand out of the pitcher empty, as he had put it in. Empire in South America.— The struggle now being waged bet ween the empire of Brazil and the republics of Uruguay and Par aguay, promises to assume proportions nev er before worn by any warfare in that quar ter of the globe. It is the old question be tween the spread of the republican and of the empirical element. Uruguay was pro gressing in a very decent way, and living an honest little life of its own,"until, just two years ago, a man named Venancio Flores came to the conclusion that he could do the world a service by exacting himself aud cut ting Uruguay's throat by the'old artifice of a revolution. _ The Government he attempted to subvert, had no means of opposing to him an ade quate resistance. The continuance of a re bellion which there seemed no hope of ulti mately quelling, proved a serious inconven ience to Brazil. Redress for certain griev ances sustained was demanded of the Uiu guayan Government by the Government of Brazil. Diplomatic explanations were made, but like many other diplomatic explanations, failed to satisfy. The result was that the war was actually commenced six months ago by the first shot being fired by a Uru guayan war steamer into a Brazilian gun boat, and the immediate blockading by Bra . zil of the Uraguayan ports. It is not difficult to perceive that the de sign of Brazil is the extension of her empire, and the acquisition upon her southern bor ders of the same advantages that enrich her territories' at. the north. These advantages are derived from the river Amazon—the Mis sissippi of the south—of which Brazil holds the eutrance, and over whose course she con sequently holds entire control. The river extends almost from ocean to ocean, is be tween four and five thousand miles in length, and drains an extent of territory covering in the neighborhood of three millions ot square miles. The immense tracts which this noble river waters and fertilizes, presents the most extensive region of productive soil ever united in one connected whole, under one government- Thirty-nine years ago war was being waged between Brazil *ud the in dependent provinces on the Rio de la Plata, the war in that case having been declared by the Brazilian Government for the recovery of the Bantla Oriental. The various revolutions that had hitherto characterized the career of Brazil had just, through the intervention of the Holy Alli ance, culminated in the erection of an empire, at the head of which wss placed Pedro, son of the reigning King of Portugal. This Banda Oriental war of 182 C was the first in stance on record of American civilized na tions becoming mutually belligerent. The world, however, has had nearly forty years to grow used to the phenomenon, and the present straggle between Brazil and Uruguay, into which Paraguay has been dragged, and which Buenos Ayres has had the discretion to escape, is due to the invasion, by the Bra zilian troops, of the Banda Oriental. It is to be sincerely hoped that diplomacy will not utterly fail in a settlement of the question that is being tested by arms, or at least that those on both sides who are pacifically in clined will not be without the consoling con viction that everything was done that could be done in the way of negotiation. General Schimmelfennig. —A correspon dent asks if it is possible to get the name of General Schimmelfennig, the commander of Charleston, into rhyme. Guess so : “The gallant Dutchman, Sfchimmelfennig, Holds Charleston as he would a hen egg ; He grabs the traitors, by the ear, Andbringsthemto their lager beer. We wish we had a million such meu As this bold rebel-hating Dutchman,’’ —* The negro Captain Small returned to Charleston, a few days since, in the same vessel in which he escaped from the city in the Spring of 1802 —the Planter. As it pa.-sed Fort Sumter it had all its three flags flying, and the Captain’s face beamed with satisfac tion as he saw the Stars and Stripes on its parapet once more. The Planter has been refitted since its flight from Charleston, at an j expense of $40,000, Pneumatic Railways, or Tunnel Travel ing —To be compelled each day of our lives to experience the discomforts aud annoyances of going from up town to down town in over crowded stages and cars, is to be perpetually reminded of one's unhappiness, and provok ed to inventive thoughts, having for an ob ject some method of relief. * The Pneumatic Despatch Company of Lon don, have done their best to solve for us a difficult problem, and it caunot lie positively asserted that they have not done so success fully. This company is now constantly send ing mail bags aud packages tlnough air-tight tunnels, with perfect safety and at a high rate of speed. It is stated that attendants have passed through “without the slightest discomfort.” A London journal says the next step of the. company will be to lay tubes connecting the markets with the Oamb deu Goods Station,with a tube to the General Post office and Piekford's depot in Gresham strict, and these operations will eventually tend to revolutionize the carrying system of the metropolis, and relieve the crowded 9tate of our principal thoroughfares. Now, if merchandise can be thus carried, why cannot passengers be transported with equal facility ? The natural exception is that human beings are expected to breathe anu require fresh air for this purpose, while this is obviously not a requirement of merchan dise. The question then presents itself, can not these objectionable features be lemoved ? A writer in the Journal of the Franklin In stitute answers many of these objections, and gives reasons favoring the adoption oj this novel method of passenger transporta tion. He says :—“When duly considered, objections will be found more imaginary than real. Blackness and darkness will not ne cessarily pervade the interior, since gas or lamps may be carried along, as in the night cars. But the air in crowded qprs is offen sive in hot weather; must it not in such tun nels resemble that in the Black Hole of Cal cutta ? No, not in the longest line. No space could be more thoroughly ventilated, since fresh air would be constantly streaming in, besices sweeping through at every stopping place. “But; as passengers are always moving with the piston away from the mouth, how is fresh air to reach them and displace that which enveloped them at starting ? Easily; the windage of the piston would, or a valve could, be made to accomplish that perfectly. No air unfit to breathe could accumulate. Then where is the difficulty of having sun light by day; as well as lamps and candles by night ? As the tunnels require no coft uection with exterior mechanism, instead of being buried in the ground they may be laid upon it, (and where required, supported above it,) by the sides of common roads, or over fields, or tlirongh forests, as circum stances may suggest, and to have plates of glass in the roof or sides. Thick slabs of that material are now used on store floors, to transmit light below. I see nothing im possible in the idea that atmospheric tunnels may ultimately be formed, chiefly, if not wholly, of glass, instead of iron, romantic as it may appear. There are no more limits to the length of atmospheric lines than to railways. Landing and receiving passengers at intermediate sta tions, present but little more’obstacles in one case than in the other. A#eacU station a hinged iron door, fitted air-tight to its frame (cast on one side of the tube), gives entrance and egress. But does not that involve the loss of the existing vacuum in the uutraveled portion ? Not at all. The piston must pass the door before it can be opened, or the pas sengers reach it. It has then only to be an chored and freed as soon as the chauge of passengers is made. The officer at the sta tion may then either close the door or leave it open till the return trip begins. It would require no ftistenings inside or out. The rate of travel will of course depend on the ex tent or degree of the vacuum, and the vacu um on the power of the exhausting appara tus. In the Pneumatic Railway from Lou don to Croydou, about nine the pressure was eighty pounds to the square inch, and the velocity thirty miles an hour with a train of sixty tons.” • In comparing the cost of this methnlßf transportation with that of railways, he says “In steam trains it is believed that with every ton of passengers, not less than two tons, some say three; of wood and iron, fuel and attendants, etc., are borne along.— That is to say, two-thirds of the power is consumed, to make one-third productive, and less than one-third when light loads are car ried. Though steam cars are not dragged hither and thither to collect loads, there is always a waste of power before starting and after stopping. The wear and tear of loco motive engines is great, and the cost of working them eaormous. Their liability to be thrown off the track, and to collisions, is constantly enforced on us by current accounts of such costly accidents. “The advantages sought for in the atmos pheric system are, therefore, greater speed and less outlay of working power—no roll ing stock. The leading requisition is. rapid transit, and for all practical purposes the ve locity of a piston rushing into a vacuum is unlimited. At all events something ap proaching to one hundred miles an hour may, we presume, be attained with equal safety and a smoother motion than by open rail cars. “The timid would not willingly be now among the first to travel at the rate of eighty or one hundred miles an Hour, if they even had little fear of its taking away their breath. The feeling is a natural oue, and, therefore, to Ite respected, although it has no rational foundation. It is chiefly ascribable to igno rance of the fact that the highest speed no more effects our bodily organs than the low est. Passengers in the cabin of a ship fly ing before the wind have no more sensation of going forward than when she is lying at anchor. A balloon rushing upward, or m a lateral direction, appears, to the aeronauts, stationary and motionless. In night rail trains we walk to and fro; sit and sleep, un conscious ot progression as in a parlor or bed-room.. In day time it is the same, if w T e close our eyes to objects outside. Jolts from obstructions and irregularities of roads, with chauges of direction and diversities of speed, tell us we are moving. In a perfect system of travel there should be no sense of motion at all, whether the rate was one mile an hour or a hundred, or five hundred; and even that PRICE. 5 CENTS is a snail’s pace when we look, and we ought often to look, beyond our petty doings to those of the Great Engineer. Our earth is one of a line of passengei cars that con veys us through space at a mean velocity of 68,000 miles an hour, without disturbing a loose brick on a chimney, or displacing a grain of dust.” The Three Wishes. —The eastern origin of this tale seems evident; had it been origi nally composed in a northern land, it is pro bable that the king would have been repre sented as dethroned by means of bribes ob tained from his own treasuiy. There was once a wise emperor who made a law, that to every stranger who came to his court a fried fish should be served. The servants were directed to take notice, if, when the stranger had eaten the fish to the bone on one side, he turned it over and be gan on the other side. . If he did, he was to be immediately seized, and on the third day thereafter he was to be put to death. But, by a great stfetcli of imperial clemency, the culprit was permitted to utter one wish each day, which the emperor pledged himself to grant, provided it was not to spare his life.— Many had already perished in consequence oi this edict, when, one day, a count and his young son presented themselves at court.— Thu tisli was served as usual, and when the count had removed all the fish from one side, he turned it over, and was about to com mence on the other, when he was suddenly seized and thrown into prison, and was told ot his approaching doom. Sorrow-stricken, the count’s young son besought the emperor to allow him to die in the room of his father, a favor which the monarch was pleased accord him. The count was accordingly re leased from prison, and his son was thrown into his cell in his stead. As soon as this had been done, the young man said to his jail ors: “You know I have the right to make three demands before 1 die; go and tell the emperor to send me his daughter, and a priest to marry U 9.” This first demand was not much to the emperor’s taste, nevertheless he felt, bAund to keep his word, and he therefore complied with the request, to which the princess bad no kind of objection. This oceurredm the times when kings kept their treasures’ in a cave, or in a tower set apart fOT the purpose, like the Emperor of Morocco Jin these days ; and on the second day of hia imprisonment the young man demanded tne king’s trea sures. If liis first demand v&s a bold one, the second was not less so ; still, an emper or's word is sacred, and having made the promise, he was forced to keep it; and the treasures of gold and silver and* jewels wei*e placed at the prisoner’s disposal On getting possession of them, he distributed them pro fusely among the courtiers, and soon he had made a host of friends by his liberality. The emperor began now to feel exceeding ly uncomfortable. Unable to sleep, he rose early on the third morning and went, with fear in his heart, to the prison to hear what the third wish was to be. “Now,” said he to his prisoner, “tell me what your third demand is, that it may he granted at once, and you may be hung out of hand, lor I am tired of jour demands.” “Sire,” answered his prisoner, “I have but one more favor to request of your majesty, which, when you have granted, I shall die, content. It is merely that you will cause the eyes of those who saw my father turn the fish over to be put out.” “Very good," replied the emperor, “your demand is but natural, and springs from a good heart. Let the chamberlain be seized,” he continued, turning to his guards. “I, Sire !” cried the chamberlain; “I did not see anything—it was the steward.” “Let the steward be seized then,” said the king. . But the steward protested with tears in his eyes, that he had not witnessed anything of what had been reported, and said it was the butler. The butler-declared that he had seen nothing of the matter, and that it must have been the valets. But they protested that they were utterly ignorant of what had been charged against the coant; in short, it turned out that nobody could be found who had seen the count commit the offense, upon which the princess said : “I appeal to you, my father, as to another Solomon. If nobody saw the offense com mitted, the count cannot be guilty, and my husband is innocent.” The emperor frowned, and forthwith the courtiers began to murmur; then he smiled, and immediately their visages became ra diant. “Let it be so,” said his majesty ; “let him live, though I have put many a man to death for a lighter offense than his. But if he is not hung, he is married. Justice has been done." y Language—England Compliments Amer ica.—George Augustus Sala’s volume, just published in England; entitled “My Diary in America in the Midst of War,” has the fol lowing passage:— “You, (Americans) from Chicago to Cape Cod. from Nevada to Nantucket; speak very nearly the same language and have pretty nearly the same pronunciation. We speak fifty different dialects —Northumbrian, Lan castrian, Cambrian, Phoenician, Erse, Cock ney—que sats je! Seme of us lisp, some of us drawl, and some of us stutter, and many of us hem and haw, and a great many of us xlap on the H’s whore there should be none, ana take away the H’s where they should be left. We are always speaking, and yet we speak badly. Our philosophical doctors dis agree. We have no Academy (thank Heav en) and no Dictionary; that is to say, we have a hundred, but do not accept any as final authority. In pronunciation, Oxford is at war with Cambridge, Dublin with both, and Edinburgh with all. The forum and the bar, the pulpit and the stage, are in virulent antagonism ; one paper calls a bishop’s do maiu a “diocese,” and another a “diocce and between Alford and Moon—the Queen’s English and the Dean’s English—it is difficult to choose. You have made up your minds that national shall be pronounced mytional, and advertisement shall be advertyzement; that defence shall be defense, and theatre theater, and you are happy.” The botanists tell us there is no such thing in nature as a black flower. We sup- Sise they never heard of the “coal blaok OSQ."