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SAVANNAH DAILY HERALD. VOL. I—NO. 92. The Savannah Daily Herald OIORNISQ AND EVENING) is nauuui) by G. W. MASON <& CO., At 111 Bat Biuhet, Savannah, Gsomia. TEBUC Per Copy Five Cents. Per Hundred $3 St). Per Year S4O 00. advertiiim*: Two Dollar* per Square of Ten Lines for first In sertion: One Dollar for each subsequent one. Ad vertisements inserted in the morning, will, If desired, appear in the evening without extra charge. JOB PIUNTING, la every style, neatly and promptly done. EPIDEMICS. The world was startled recently by the Intelligence that a destructive epidemic had broken out in Russia—that a large number of persons had died of the disease in St. Petersburg, and that it had reached portions of Eastern Germany. It had created some alarm iu other parts of the continent of Eu rope. Iu England the Foreign Minister had been interrogated on the subject, who had directed the English Envoy at St. Petersburg, Mr. Buchanan, to make inquiries, the result of which was not known at the last accounts from that country. It will be seen that some alarm ha 9 been excited iu New York on the subject. An order has been issued by the collector of the port of New York to the boarding officer and inspectors of customs to report the ar rival of any vessel or passenger from any cuspected place that is thought to be infected. The legislature of the State of New York has been called to amend its quarantine laws by Dr. Sayre, the resident Physician, so as to secure the city and State against the in troduction of a pestilence that is said to be now raging in Europe. The last visitation of a general epidemic was the Asiatic cholera, which disappeared about twenty years since. We have bad frequent epidemics since, but they have been confined to particular latitudes, such as the yellow fever, and others of a still more local and partial character; but a general epidemic, such as the Asiatic cholera, excites alarm in proportion to its diffusion aud fatality. It mu9t have struck all who have recorded the history of disease that general epidemics have diminished in frequency and magni tude since the spreadot civilization. The progress of medical science, the improvement in the laws of hygiene, in the various modes of their application, have extended the aver age duration of human iife. The conse quence has been the less frequency and fatal ity of destructive epidemics. We would re call to the memory of the reader some of those epidemics which have, at different pe riods, desolated the earth, showing that these Vis.Utions have diminished with the pro gress of civilization. • Caa of the earliest of the plagues of whloh profane history gives an account is that re corded by Thucydides, iu the second year of the Peloponnesian war, which overran Ethio pia, Lydia, Egypt, Judea, Phosnecia, Syria, the whole Roman and Persian empires, Greece and the Athenian States, and which continued to rage for fifteen years, and is said to have been the first Kuiversal plague; Upon the ruin of Carthage a pestilence broke out spreading over all Africa, and ia al leged to have destroyed eight hundred thous and. There is doubtless some exaggeration in these figure?, but their very magnitude shows the destructiveness of the pestilence. Two years before the birth of Christ a pesti lence spread all over Italy, and raged with such fury that few remained to till the ground. Since the commencement of the Christian era, and embracing the middle ages, severe plagues have raged in England,Scotland and Wales, sometimes almost depopulating the principal cities of those kidgdoms. In the second year of Claudius, the Roman Em peror, Bo fearfully did the pestilence rage in England, that the living were scarcely able to bury' the dead. Iu the year 180, in the reign of Commodus, and during the persecution of the Christians In the Romau Empire, a pestilence spread over all Italy, Greece, and almost all the Ro man Empire. In the city of Rome alone there were, far a considerable tims together, twenty thousand burled a day. In the year £56 a pestilence raged in Ethiopia so univer sally that it wa9 impossible to calculate the number of tbe dead. In the year 811, dur ing the persecutions under Maximilian, a pestilence raged that cut off from the army of that monftrch Jive thousand a day. In the year 544 a universal pestilence pre vailed at Peluscum iu Egypt, and thence spreading over nearly tbe whole woild, sparing neither age nor sex, family nor coun try. Iu the second year of its fury it visited Constantinople with such violence that, for a considerable time together, jive and some times ten thousond and upwards died daily. In dii* part of the world or another it con tinued Jiffy-lido years. In 717, a pestilence agaiu visited Constantinople, and, is said, to have cut off in three years three hundred thou sand soule. SAVANNAH, GA., WEDNESDAY, MAY 3, 1865. I In 823, in the reign of Louis the Pius, a plague destroyed almost all the inhabitants of France and Germany. In 1346 a plague broke out in Asia, that overspread and wasted the inhabited earth. In the year 1348 the same plague raged in England nine years, and in Loudon alone, from January Ist to July Ist, destroyed one million give hundred and seventy-three thousand. In the year 1611 a pestilence again visited Constantinople, and destroyed two hundred thousand in five monttis, and still later, in the year 1665, during the destructive fire, which, it is affirmed, arrested it, the great plague in Loudon occurred, which bad raged the year before iu Egypt, Greece, Germany, Holland, and which destroyed iu that city in a single year ninety-seven thousand. Iu the year 1720, in the city of Marseilles, from tho 25th of August to the end of Sep tember one thousand were swept off in a day, and in our own times, during the year 1831, the plague raged so violently in Bagdad, that the city waa almost desolated. The great general Epidemic of our day, the Asiatic cholera, is too recent to need de scription. Accordiugto the testimony of contem porary writers, the plague of 1348, in France, waa attended by several unusual meteoric ap pearances, and during the same period there were dreadful earthquakes and other convul sions of nature. Superstitious fears no doubt exaggerated many of the appearances by which these visitations were accompanied. The same spirit of exaggeration no doubt magnified the numbers destroyed. It is re corded in a report made to the Pope at Avig non that before the pestilence invaded Chris tendom, it had swept away twenty-three mil lions three hundred thousand persons through out the East, in the course of a single year. Making every allowance for exaggeration, there can be no rational doubt that epidemics were more general in their character and destructive in their effects in ancient than in modern times. Another conclusion is forced on the mind, that the East has been the birth place of the most devastating epidemics, seeming to af ford evidence of the fact that the populous neas of the Eastern world, the cradle of man kind, as it has been called, is favorable to the generation and spread of these sweeping epidemics. What the Supreme being in his wise provi dence designs by this extermination of so large a number of the species, we shall never know. That in the order of that Providence it is part and parcel of his general laws for the good of mankind must be the conclusion of every pious mind. Were it not, perhaps, for the occasional decimation of regions hav ing a tendency to over populousness, the earth would not yield sufficient subsistence for the increasing numbers. It has been computed that according to the natural law of increaae, were that law to have its full play aud operation, there would not be standing room for the numbers, that would be brought into the world. %* Recollections of Pbeiident Lincoln —A correspondent of tbe Boston Journal gives an account of a conversation with the late Presideut, from which it appears that he had a presentiment that he should not survive the close of tbe war.. The writer says : He may not have looked for it from the hand of au assassin, but he felt sure that his life would end with the war long ago. He told me “that he was certain he should not outlast the rebellion." It was in last July. As you will remember, there was a dissen sion then among the Republican leaders.— Ma ay of bis best friends had deserted him, and were talking of an opposition con vet tiou to nominate another candidate ; and univer sal gloom was among the people. The North was tired of the war, and sup posed an honorable peace attainable. Mr. Lincoln knew it was uot—that any peace at that time would be disunion. Speaking of it, he said: “I have faith in the people; they will not consent to disunion. The danger is, they are misled. Let them know thf truth, and the couutry is safe." He looked haggard and careworn, and further ou in the inter view I remarked oa his appearance, saying: “You are wearing yourself out with hard work.'* “I can’t work less,” he answered; “but it isn’t that—work never troubled me. Tilings look badly, aud I cau’t avoid anxie ty. Personally, 1 care nothing about a re election ; but if our divisions defeat us, I fear for the country.” When I suggested that right must eventually triumph—that I had never despaired of the result, he said : ‘ Neither haye I, but I may not live to see it. I feel a presentiment that I shall not outlast the rebellion. When it is over my work will be done." ANkwThbort.— “Brick" Pomeroy, edi tor of the La Crosse Democrat, is a copper head ot the rankest breed. In a late article, *3 apologetic for the assassin of the President as he dared to make it, he thus discourses: But we should sooner think his assassina tion the work of some tool of Ben Butler.— We do not state this as a fact, but do know that less unprincipled and less wicked men than Butler have thus for pay procured the removal of men who have snubbed them, or who have stood in some way between tuem and some coveted position. We do not say it was Butler, but, if we were Butler, should expect at least one third of the American people to think it < t us. Tbe hotel keepers in New York are reduc ing their prices of board. Richabd Cobdun.—England has lost one of her greatest men, and was mourning her losa at the very time when we were culled upon to deplore the sudden dea'h of Presi dent Lincoln Richard Cobden died, in Lon don, ou the 2d of April, of bronchial a-thma, from which he had long suffered. He was boru at Midhurst, on the 3d of June, 1804. and under the patronage of a relative he early became a successful business man, and as pired to distinction in letters and politics He wrote as “A Manchester Manutacturpr,” on Russia and the United States, both of which countries he visited, and sympathized .with, as it was natural that a man of pro gresJve ideas should. He took a prominent part in effecting those commercial reforms which England had been engaged in making for some years, and became ou ;o: the most effective members of the famous An i-Corn Law League. He sought an eleCiiou to Parliament, at Stockport, iu 1837, but un successfully. He was elected for the same place in 1814 becoming a member of that Parliament which was to repeal the Corn Laws,. though ‘it contained overwhelming tory majorities. In that repeal Mr. Cobden had a gvapd port, so that Sir Robeit Peel could truiy say, iu respect to the new commercial measures that had been adopted. "The uume which .ought to be, aud will be associated with the success of those measures, is the name of one, who,"acting, 1 believe, from pure and disinterested motives, has, with untiring en ergy, made appeals to our reason, and has enforced those appeals with an eloquence the more to be admired because it was unaffect ed and unadorned ; the name which ought to be chiefiy associated with those measures is ttle name of Richard Cobden.” Tbe English agreed with Sir Robert, and Mr. Cobden received a solid testimonial of their regard, and was elected to the Hou-hj of Commons from tho West Riding of York shire, which is held to be the greatest Lon <r an English statesman can receive at the hauds of the people. He continued to represent the West Riding for many years, aud was ever a zealous, an efficient, and olten successful advocate of free trade; but be was also opposed to war, and his course when the Russian tout s. came about, and into which England “drift ed, ” made him almost as unpopular as he had been popular. He was left out of Par liament in 1857, and did not enter that body again for some time, but was employed by Lord Palmerston to negotiate a ue.vc miner cial arrangement with France, by which ’the shackles of that most absurd ot all things, the French protective system, were sensibly loosened. Mr. Condeu visited America tor the second time while he was out of Parlia ment, and saw that gathering of tue c.ouds which was to break in tue red storm of civil war. He noted the action of parties here, and it is said that he o .Cj remarked that nothing surprised him so much as the bold ness of the pro-slavery pariy, cZc. pt the cowardice of tbe other party in yielding to them. He was to live to sec a limit put to our submission. v* • Elected to Parliament Tor Rochdale, Mr. Cobden might have become a member of the government formed by Lord Pa.meraron, in 1855, but he declined office. His Career wa> well nigh run, and he fell a victim to au ill ness that prevented him doing much in h:e latter years. When tae Am. ric..n civil war broke out he was found to be our fast and firm friend, and nobly and usefully did he uphold our cause against the aristocracy aud middle-class snobs of Britain. The last speech he ever made,—at Rochester, iu No vember, 1864—was largely devoted to Ame rican matters; and yet we regret that he made it, for the exertion and exposure or that occasion injured him much, and from their effect be never lairly rallied. He thought himself so much better latterly, how ever, that he went up to London, meaning to speak in the Housj of Comrnus, ou ttic Canadian question; but he was forced to take to his bed on his arrival iu me metrop olis, and he left it but tor his grave. The anouncement of his and ath caused a strong sensation throughout England, and iu the House of Commons the hignest eulogies were pronounced on him bv Lord Palmef**< n aud Mr. Disraeli, Mr. Bright also spoke of bis departed friend, but was too much affect ed to utter more tliau a lew sentences, which made his remarks all the more impi\ srive.— England ba9 lost a great statesman, America a great friend, aud universal humanity a great advocate. Mr. Cobdea's funeral took place oa the 7th of April. It was numerously attended, but it is a significom fact that bat one peer was E resent. When Lord Macaulay was buried, ut one Tory of great eminence, Earl stan hope, (betu r known in this country as Lord Mahon.) .attended, and now peers seem to have been quite as chary to.vard Mr. Cob den, who was a nobleman of the oldest cre ation, owing his peerage to uature.— Boston Traveller Napolkon’s Minisii.ks.— Emperor Napo leon finds his friends falling fr<an him, as the Thanes fell front Macbeth, though from ad f* ferent reason. The Thanes deserted the Scotchman, the Frenchman s friends die Moray he lost but a few weeks since, and now Walewski is incapacitated for labor, and is supposed to be fatally iudi-posed. The bursting of a blood vessel in-the nose has placed the Polish-Frenchman on the 6ick list, and is expected to to his end while he is in the prime of his intellect. He is a sort of relation of the Emperor, as Moray was, though not so close a relative as that sublime speculator, and yet over the-left, as was Moray’s case. Walewski is an illegitimate son of Napo leon 1., bis mother being a Polish lady. Tnis would make him the reigning Emperor’s cousin, as they are nominally children of brothers; but the Emperor is'no more the son ot Louis Bonaparte than ho is the s >n of Lord Brougham. We suppose that W.lews ki and the Emperor maybe called cousin-in law. As Walewski is a man of much diplo matic skill, and is peculiarly .strong ou al matters that relate to so eign politics, to be deprived of his as-lstmce at lb s time is n > slight evil to the Emperor, Who is h mself -o ill us to be under medical advice to leave Paris an,d reside in the country until Nov. tu ber. Walewski will be forty-five years rid, Should he livs to the 4th of next May —Bos ton Traveller. PUUSIDEKT JOHNSON’S HABITS. Siuce the inauguration ceremonies on the 4th of March mum has been said concerning the habits of Andrew Johnson. We have had something to say ou the subject—have said it, and said it harshly. And without new light we would uot feel called upon to modify anything uttered. But we desire to do justice jto Mr. Johnson not only, but to ' ourselves. We had a conversation this morning with Mr. Thomas Perot 11, of this city. Assistant Superintendent of Bridges for the past six mouths o.i one of the lines of Railroad in government hands running South from Nash viiie, who has just returned on n brief fur lough. Ho is an uncompromising Democrat For one month during me winter lie was in Nishvillo and saw Mr John-o i almost daily, having occasion to meet hitn several times, and lie avers that lie never saw a sign of li iuar or the slightest evidence of an habitual drinker upon him?* Giving the fullest cre dence to this testimony, we are satisfied that Mr. Johnson does uot habitually indulge in tue use of into xicating liquors to excess, as has been reported. —Rochester Union. Evidence of this kind is accumulating on all lianas. We, ourself, saw Mr. Johnson in Louisville and Nashville and were in occa sional intercourse with him tor tho period of eighteen months, iu 1863 and 1864, and never heard that he even tasted liquor. We heard almost every other allegation preferred against him by his enemies, that he was an adroit politician, a demagogue, a tyrant and a usurper ; but we never beard his bitterest opponent allege that he was either a toper or a tippler. It was a knowledge of these circumstan ces that led us to refrain from joining in the general outcry against Mr. Johnson at the time of the inauguration, and made us*feel confident that the good sens? aud the good feeling of the American people would not suffer them to ostracise forever a faithful public servant for a single and perhaps acci dental deviation from temperance.—Roches ter Democrat. Wellington and Shkbman. —The London Times recently made a great outcry about Gea. Sherman's alleged barbarity in his de termination to retaliate on all concerned iu the murder of his foragers, and also about Gen Sheridan’s destruction of property in Virginia to impede the operations of guer rillas. It repre.-ents those as unprecedented in modern warfare. But the Dail j News very effectively exposes this hypocrisy by referi ing to many d'stmguished British ex ampl s, among others tire following : “Proclamiti »n by tue Duka of Wellington tQ the inhabitants of Bidarry and Baggotry, in the south of France : If tho people wish to make war, let them place th. mselves in the ranks of tue armies ; but I will not permit them to play alternately the part of paacable inhabitant and thatoft-o’.dier. If they remain quietly at inane nobody will harm them; they will ou the contrary be protected like the o her iuhabitants of tho couutry iu the occu pation of my armies; but I warn them that if they pretar to make war upon mo, tin y ought to turn soldiers and leave their linnV'S; they cannot remain in their villages. We.lia.* ton. in enclosing this proclamation to Marshal Beretford for distribution, Lord Wellington instructed him : “If I have further reason to cotnp ain of those or any other village*, I act toward them ns tbe Frenoh did toward the tonus and villages iu Spam and Porta gal, that is I will totally destroy them, and imug up all the people belonging to them that I shall find. Lei the rest of the pec pie of Bidirry be detain 3 i till we shaft see what lfleet my letter produce^. 1 ’ Lawyer* to be Loyal. The following act wa* approved January 24th, 186>, and is now in force. The Federal Judges will be obliged to see that the oath is administered ip the lawyers at each tenn of their courts who may present themselves to practice, provided tuey construe the law as the law-makers did: Be it emcteJ by tha Senate and Himse of Representative* of tho United States of Amtnca in Congress assembled, Tnat no person after the date of this act, snail bo admitted' to the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States, or any time alter the 4th day qf Matcn next, snail be admitted to the bar of the Circuit or DLtuct Courts of the United States, or of the Cqurt of Claims, as an at torney or counsellor of such court, or Qhall be showed to appear and be heard by any such court* by virtue of any previous adtiiis si u, unless he snail have first t>iken and sub scribed the oath prescribed in "an act to pre scribe an oath of office ands r o her purposes, * approved July 2, 1863, according to the forms aud iu the manner iu said act provided, which aai i oath so taken an t sub scribed Saali be pres rved among tho fi es of said Cpurt, aud any p< rsoa wir. snail falsely take the said oath >bali be 'guilty of peijury, and on conviction shall behub.e to the pains an t p.na.iies in me said act provided. Here is the last story about Dumas. He has been giving readings of bis works in Paris. At one of the most recent he bad chosen to read M’lle da Belle Isle. ThU was done to the great satisfaction of hi 9 audience, Changing his voice, his countenance and manner according to thetdifferebt personages represented in the piece—and wnen the en tertainment was over, and the public were about to retire, astonished and enchanted, the book from which th# great Alexander had b(*en reading the play was handed round, . and displayed nought but the heads of chap ters. The whom had been recited Horn memory. This genuine tour de force be came, of course, the wonder of the d hy ; and tor ‘-a man who came in with the century, ’ as he acknowledges to have done, it has, per haps. never been rivaled. “It is enthusiasm which keeps a man green and young torever,” exclaims Alexander, when complimented on on tue eternity of years which seems to be his portion.*— £jtchaiiye. Russia is the scene of a destroying pesti lence, which is particularly severe at Sr. Petersburg, where 2o,00,) persons had died from it. It is a contagious fever and Seems o b • moving westward, Causing great alarm in Europe.' General Sheridan wai born in September, ]R3i, and * the refers oay tulrty- three years old* PRICE. 5 CENTS a arovjMt—to be read ur nvg MINUTES. ▼ot. t Moonlight evening—»hadr grove Two yonug people much In lov*; Heroin* wlcn greet wealth endowed. Hero handsome, poor mud proud; Truth eternal, heart* united, Vows »; chaugeteas passion plighted; Ki«*c* quarrel*, s gtxs, caresses, Harden yields one ot her tresses; Obstacles to be surmounted Ugly rival, bid aud stiles Overhears Uit tender tale. ▼at. n, . ’ Morn In la the Bast looks ruddy.— Scuue—young Indy's fathri's study. Hert>. w.th his hat ia hand. , Comes h*r ditto to demand; Angry pareu: otorms, abuse*, * Ana ao onscconseut refuse* j Maiden faiuu beneath the blow, Mother iuts; codes—ao go; . Bane a, hysterics, pr >t*tat(ous Mtxed wim old man's etec. auou*. Exit lover—midst the dm— Ugly rival enters In. • • ■>**■ vox., m. ;..'v Tup*—A moonlight night one* more, Beene—Outside toe lady's door. Lover, with half-broken heart, Swear* he'd rather die thau part. Oafaeu—flowora— umbrageous shade. . Manly ac> eats—serenade. Chamber window opens wide— Debut of expectant bride; Little dog most kiudly mate— Tears— rope-ladder—flight—pursuit— Gallant eteeaa—t o late—night's screen— Triumph—marriage—Gretas Green. Old man's rage—disowns forever— Ugly rival—scarlet fever. Old man sickly—send* for child— Alls srgiveu—reconciled; ' Young man tasking money fast— ?ht man's blessing—die •at last. onthtiU couple prove probate— Get the money, live ln etate— Family mansion—jewel*, plate. o Mothei's wishes crowned with joy— Doctors—nurses—tittle boy. . ' Time proceeds—their ties endear— Olive or&ucaas year by year, blessings ou the good attend— Genera, gladuess— moral tod. —London Paper. .I . The Assassination Denounced at 9g#m« phU. SPEECH OF OBN. BANKS. The elt iz-ns of Memphis, Tounassse, held an impromptu mass mooting qu Sunday, 16th ultimo, to denounce the assasslnatioa of Mr. Liucola and to pay a trjauto of tj hD memory. The Bulletin says: “Never have wa seen a meeting where there was and eper fe ling and wh r* tuera wui more entire accord <>f aentim *nt “Tiicr# w.i» uo totmil organ zu 1 in, but .Major G un-rat Banka waa introduced to tthe auuietice by Major-Gctt.rol Waaaburae, aud waa loudly applauded. General Banksaald : “The President and Secretary Seward have not died because of their individual acts or individual opiuiona. It was because they represented the government of the American people, which was established aud sanctioned t>y our patriotic fathers, and re• doe men by the blood of our brothers in this d«y. It was because they represented this, that they were ftripken down In thtf fuU strength of manhood. * The New Bkitish Envoy—S r Frederick Brace presented ids credentials to President Johnson, on Thursday la-t. as Her Britan* nick Maj- styjs Envoy Extraordinary and M nister Plenipotentiary to tbe govcrmjient or the United States: Tue interview Wasuaost satisfactory, and the remarks exchanged by the two distinguished statesmen Were such as * promise to promote the pres rvatfon of peace uetween the two brandies of the greatest of modem race?, a race to whom the principal part in tbe improvement of tha world is as* signed by Providence, and who, in catling out the purposes <>f Providence, should ever act logetuer as uliiea, aud never agajaot each other as enemies The New Mist&kss of the Whit« House. Mrs. Johnson's health is such that she cannot preside at ttie White House, and one of iter daughters, Mrs. Stover, it is expected, will act for her. Mrs Stover is tbe widow of the gallant Col. Stover, who foil in bat tie near Nashville. One of the President’s tons, Charles Johnson, was killed by a fall from his horse, dn 1863, but Robert and Andrew are living. He has another daughter besides Mrs. Stover, Mrs. Patterson, wife Judge Pat* tersou. The Agent of the Freedmen s Relief As* aociatiou, L n lon, has receutlv received Jll 11s. lud. iu mouev, and a quantity of ttssful clothing,- which are to be forwarded to this couutry, with othei similar contributions for the emancipated n -gr-es. Mr. Wm. Avans,' the antiquarian book seller, states that the line?—“Qii l why , should the sprits of mortal be proud”-* which have bean absurdly ascribed to Mr. L'ncoln, were written by a young Scotchman named Kn<>x, whd was regarded by Walter ! sks tl as ot' gr at promise, but w.io early fell | a victim to consumption. ** War has been renewed iu New Zealand, i The Euglish troops had met With severe ' losses, and a member of the Provincial Coun cil had been beheaded by the natives,*—but it does uot appear that they ate him. A fellow in Ohio advertises, on behsli* of a certain famous accidental railway, that “an experienced coroner and ,sjLX practical jurojß will follow each regular train in special cate, together with a few surgeons and reporters!" Open smoking can havo been pat on the city railroads in New York. It is said-that about half of the passengers in those cars are of the fair sex. They doubtless wish to s'>ow that they are above a “vulgar preju dice” against smokers. A man in Philadelphia, on Wednesday, distributed to the people in the streets slips of muslin, with these words printed on them, “Pardon died with Abraham Lincoln." Napoleon'* “Casar” was published Its six capital*, in six different languages, ou the same and iy. Toe translators received between $1,600 and $2,000 a volume. Gan. McClellan is in Rome, the guest of Mr S or/. He does not beliuvs the war it near its end. Frad Douglass talk* of starting a paper la Baltimore. „ . • j.