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The Savannah Daily Herald. FKIDAT, Afoisr *, 1863. FROM OCR EVENING EDITION OF YESTERDAY. THE ENTENTE COHDIALE. Tbe theory of natural enmity between na tions has been found not to be founded in truth The English and French have been at peace for half a century. Amidst all tbe changes of government, rulers and ministers, there have been temporary differences, but no war since the peace of 1815. In France those who have ruled in Republic and Em pire—Royalists and Republicans, Doctrain aries and Military Dictators—in England, Whigs and Conservatives—seem to have agreed in maintaining the Entente Cordial'e This would appear to be the result of other than natural causes of alienation, rather tbe effect of relative situation. The mainten ance of the balance of power has shaped the foreigu policy of countries. In the more early periods of European history, France and England were frequently at war; not so much from natural antipathy as from peculiarity of situation, as we havo affirmed. It was not natural antipathy that led to the wars against Louis the Fourteenth, in the reign of Queen Anne, but the necessity of preventing the absorption of the Nether lands by that ambitious Prince, who was aiming at universal empire. Nor was it na tural enmity that led to the hostilities with France for 25 years that terminated in the treaty of Vienna, but the absolute necessity of curbing the ambition of Bonaparte, and preserving the liberties and independence of Europe. We have, therefore, to look to some other source than national enmity for the wars beween England and France which have marked former periods of their history We can alone seek for the origin of these wars In peculiarity of relative situ ation. The muintuinance of the Bal ance of Power has come to be a part of the study of statesmen. The diplo macy of Europe is not what It was when Austria was supposed to be tbe natural ally of E igland and France, her natural enemy— when Russia was in the lutancy of her power Tue extension of the frontiers of Russia on the side of Europe—the political annihilation of Poland—and tbe gradual maritime en croachments of this formidable power on the Baltic Slates—have compelled a continued and close uuiou between France and England, as the ouly two ot the European Western powers wnose uuion promises to oppose an effectual barrier to Russian ambition. Aus tria lias become enfeebled by her efforts to preserve her Italiau territories. Tue maiu reliance for tue preservation of the European balanoe ja the entente cordialt between En gland and France. Thi Proclamation of Gov- Perry. We publish this evening the proclamation of Governor Perry of South Carolina. The provisions of the Proclamation, the Onarles lon Courier considers liberal and comprehen sive. Tuose wuo wer« civil office under the Stale iu May last, and who are neither in anest or uuder prosecution for treasou, are, upon takiug the amnesty oath of Pres ident Johusou, immediately reinstated in the duties of tueir re poctive offices, wnicb they are empowered to resume and dis charge. The Judges and Cuancellors of the State are required to exercise aud perform ail the prerogatives which belong to their respective positions. The Consiiiutiou and laws to be administered are declared to he the same as those which were in force in the Stato, prior to the Act of Secession, except where they conflict with the provision, of the Proclamation. A Convention of the people is ordered to be held in the Capital on the 13th ot Septem ber ensuing. The number of its members is to be the same as that ot the House of Rep* resentatlv« alone, leaving out of view the Set ate. This was resolved upon says the Conner, to prevent undue influence of the Smaller parishes, who, otherwise, would be enabled, with a voting population of from seventy-five to one hundred, not only to neutralize but to have the same weight as those districts in which tbe Inhabitants cast between one and two thousand ballots. It does not deprive them of representation, but places it upon the true elements of equality, population and taxation. In tue meantime the military authorities ere iuvoked to lend their aid for the purpose of enforcing laws and perserving the peace and good order of the State. Tne former owners and the freedmen are enjoined to make such contracts for tbe til* lage of the ground as are founded in justice and equity. —The Second Comptroller of tbe Treasury has iutimated to the Paymaster General that the three montha’ extra pay to officers, being lor services rendered aud not a gratuity, js subject to income tax. —A Mr. Van Choate, predicting the failure of the Atlantic telegraph project, says that “the claim that messages were actually transmitted by the old cable is preposterous and scientifically impossible." —I i St. Louis female as well as male con* victs are put at work breaking stones for the roads. —Maiue oontrlbu ed more men during the late war than Great Britain did to the allied army curing tue Russian war. —Tue Newburyport Herald advocates fe male suffrage. 4 By the Provt«lm«l Governor of the suit of South Carolina. A PROCLAMATION. Whereas, His Exc-llency President John son has issued hi* proclamation, appointing me (Benjamin F. Perry) Provisional Govern or in and lor the S ate oi South Carolina, with power to prescribe such rules and regulations as may be necessary and proper for conven ing a Convention of the State, composed of delegates to be chosen bv that portion of the people of said Slate wuo are loyal to the United Stales, lor tbe purpose of altering or amending the Constitution thereof, and with authority to exercise within the limits of the Stale all the powers necessary and proper to enable such loyal people to restore said State to its constitutional relations to the Federal Government, and to present such a Republi can form of State Government as will entitle the State to the guarantee of the United States therefor, and its people to protection by the United Stales against iuvasion, insur rection and domestic violence : Now, tuereiore, in obedience to the Pro clamation of his Excellency Andrew John son, President of tne Uuited States, I, Ben jamin F. Perry, Provisional Governor of the State of South Carolina, for the purpose of organizing a Provisional Government in South Carolina, re-torming the State Consti tution aud restoriug civil authority in said State, do hereby proclaim aud declare that ail civil officers iu South Caroliua, who were in office when the Civil Government of the State was suspended, in May last, (except those arrested or under prosecution for trea son,) shall, on taking tbe oath of allegiance prescribed in the President’s Amnesty Pro clamation ot the 29th day of May, 1885, re sume the duties ot their offices aud continue to discharge them under the Provisional Gov ernment till further appointments are made. And I do further proclaim, declare and make known, that it is the duty of all loyal citizens of the State of South Carolina to promptly go forward and take the oath of al egiauce to the Uuited States, before some magistrate or military officer of the Federal Government, who may be qualified for ad ministering oaths; and such are hereby au thorized to give certified copies thereof to the persohs respectively by wnom they were made. Aud such magistrates or officers are hereby required to transmit the originals of such oaths, at as early a duy ss may be con venient, to the Department of state, in the City of Washington, D. C And I do further proclaim, declare and make kuown, that the Managers of Elections throughout the State of South Carolina will hold an election for members of a State Con vention at their respective precinta on the FIRST MONDAY IN SEPTEMBER NEXT, according to the laws of South Caroliua in force before the secession of the State, and that each Election District in the State sUaii elect as many members of the Convention as the •aid District has members of the House of Representatives—tbe basic of representation to be population and taxation. Tuis will give one bundled aud twenty-four members to tie Convention—a numb r sufficiently large to represent eveiy portion ot the State most fully. Every loyal citizen who has taken the Am nesty Oath and not within the excepted class es iu tne President’s Proclamation, will be en titled to vote, pr ivided he was a legal voter Under the Constititution as it stood prior to tue secession of South Caroliua. Aud all who are witbia the excepted classes must take tne oatu aud apply for a pardon, in order to entitle them to vote or become members of the Conven iou. The members of the Convention thus elect* ed on the first M nday iu September next are hereby required tj convene in the city of Columbia on Wednesday, tue 13th day ot September, 1885, tor the purpose of altering aud amendiug the present Constitution of South Caroliua, or remodeling or mak ing anew one, which will conform to the great chauges wbicu have taken place in the State, and be more iu accordance witu re publican principles and equality of repre sentation. Aud I do further proclaim and make known, tuat tbe Constitution and all laws of lorcb in South Carolina prior to the secession of the State, are hereby made oi u>rcc u.,der the Provisional Goveruuunt, except Wherein tiny may couflict with the pnvis.ona of this Proclamation. Aud the judges aud chan cellors of the State are hereby required to exercise all the powers and perform all the outlet Which appertain to their respective office*, and especially in criminal cases. It will be expected of ihe Federal military au thorities uow iu South Caroliua to lend their authority to the civil officers of the Provis ional Government, for the purpose of en forcing the laws and preserving the peace and good order ot the State. And I do lurther command and enjoin all good and lawful ci’izens of the State to unite io enfoic-ing the laws and bringing to justice all disorderly persons, plunderers, robbers and marauders, all vagrants and idle persons who are wandering about with out employment or any visible means of sup porting themselves. It is also expected that all iormer owners of freed persons wid be kind to them, and not turn off the children or aged to perish; and the freed men and women are earnestly en joined to make contracts, just and fair, for remaining with their former owners. In order to facilitate as much as possible the application lor pardons under the except ed sections of the President’s Amnesty Proc lamation, it is stated lor information that all applications must be by petition, stating tbe exception, and accompanied with the oath prescribed. This petition must be first ap proved by the Provisional Governor, aud then forwarded to tbe President. The head quarters of the Provisional Governor will be at Greenville, where all communications to him must be addressed. The newspapers of this State will publish this Proclamation till the election tor mem bers of the Convention. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal. Done at the town [t. s.]ot Greenville, this 20th day of July, in the year of our Lord 1865, and ol the Independence of the United States the ninetieth. B. F. Phhht. By the Provisional Governor: William H. Pleut, Private Secretary. —Mails for Atlanta, Augusta, Macon and West Point, Georgia, Montgomery, Alabama, and for points contiguous to these places and between them and Chattanooga, Ten nessee, are to be forwarded, by the way of Nashville. Soldiers have been placed in charge of tb« post office.- 1 , wherever there are military posts. Charleston.—' The Revenue Cutter Kan kakee arrived at Charleston on the 27th, from Mobile, bringing Messrs. R S. Andre* and Shaw of the Treasury Department. The Kankakee sailed again for the North on the 29th. Anew line of steamers between Charles ton and Philadelphia is announced. The first steamer, the Moneka, was to have left Philadelphia on the 22d instant. Capt. Jackson, about forty-five years of age, said to be a brother of Stonewall Jack son, fell overboard from the steamer Landis, on her last trip from Mobile to New Orleans, and was drowned. He bad been wounded three times while in the service, and at the time of his death was en route for Galves ton. Capt. Jackson was formerly a mer chant of Augusta, Ga. A Mathematical Discovery. The English papers announce anew mathe matical theory by Professor Sylvester. It is the proof Sir Isaac Newton’s rule for tbe dis covery of tbe imaginary roots of Equations. “This rule," says tbe Reader, “is sur rounded with a rare and curious interest. It was originally given by Sir I. Newton in his lectures when Lucasian Professor at tbe Uni versity of Cambridge, and in 1707 it was published in the Arithmetica Universalis without proof. Maclaurin, Waring, Euler and many other distinguished mathemati cians have attempted to demonstrate it, but hitherto all such efforts have been abortive A proof for a few elementary cases was given by Professor Sylvester, in a paper published in this year’s volume of the Philosophical Transactions. He has recently discovered a complete one, founded on the ordinary piin ciples of elementary algebra; and more than this, a theorem, which stands in precisely the same relation to Newton’s rule as Fourier’s theorem does to Descarte’s rule, the rule being deducible from the theorem as a parti cular case. But this is not all; this general theorem Is itself only a particular case of a still more comprehensive one. ” To this it may be added that the rule in question, both in the first and second editions of the Arith metics Universalis, the second of which was certainly published with Newton's sanction, stands out as the only proposition in the book unaccompanied by a proof, and thus raises a very strong presumption that New ton was not in possession of a solution which satisfied his mind. Certain it is that this rule has been a Gordian knot among algebraists for the last century aud a half. The rule it self used to be given in an imperfect form in our ordinary algebras, such as Wood’9, from which many of our readers may probably once have been taught. But, the proof b6ing wanting, authors became ashamed at length of advancing a proposition the evidence for which rested on no other foundation than be lief in Newton’s sagacity. Taking this Oath of Allegiance.— We have been frequently asked, if it was advi 9abi6 to take the amnesty oath. Having done so ourself, we will give our reasons why we think it the duty of every man to do likewise if he intends to remain in this country. There is no other government, either State or Confederate, in existence, which sets at defiance the authority of the Uuited States, consequently there are no objections which conflict with our action in takiug the oath. We are bound to obey the laws now in force, ana live under the Constitution and the Union, even if we refuse to take the oath Those who have conscientious scruples about, taking the oath to support the Emancipation Proclamation, and the laws of Congress in reference to slaves, should remember that obedience to these measures are imperative. If they are unconstitutional, the Supreme Court will so decide, and in any event we must abide by the decision. So much for the objections. The permission to take the oath Is a privi lege, and those who avail themselves of it receive the benefits of citizenship, and a full pardon for,past offences. The right of exer cising the elective franchise, will be inesti mable, when we reconstruct our State Gov ernments. It is not only a duty we owe to ourselves and our country, but it is a privi lege, if we intend to live in the United States. —Shreeveport ( La .) Gazette. Spain and the Slave Trade.— ln the Madrid Senate, on the 7th instant, Marshal O’Donnell, in reply to a question put by the Marquis Manzadedo ou the subject of the slave trade in Cuba, said: “The govern ment have determined that the slave trade shall cease, since this is a matter affecting the honor of tbe Spanish nation aud the tran quility of the colony; and if the present law be insufficient, another bill will, in due time be submitted to the legislative body to attain the end in view. This I believe to be a duty for the Bpanish nation, as well as a guaranty tor the tranquility of the colony, and we thus remove a cause of possible difficulties which might even result in international misun derstanding —Mansfield (Mass.) has anew sensation: —whales. A private letter from that locali ty says: “We have now in full sight from the shore, a number of whales, live, veritable whales— blowing, rolling about, and lashing the sea white. An old Cape Cod whaleman says they are fin-back whales, sixty or seventy feet in length, and that one of them is a sperm whale one hundred feet long. Proba bly the codfish aristocracy of the South Shore are getting up a party appropriately to cele brate the laying of the Atlantic cable; other wise, the whaiea, bearing that the South is now open for Northern immigration, are on their way to promulgate Northern sentiments. They are tremendous spouters.” —Eighteen years ago there were not pro bably three hundred volumes of English books in California; to-day it is estimated that there are within the limits of tbe State not less than two million volumes. Many large public and private libraries attest the progress of civilization. —A horse stealer, ou his way to the lowa State prison, while on a steamboat, threw his manacled bands over the neck of the man who was guarding him, and making a desperate leap forward, threw himself and the man into the river. Both were drowned. —The fractional currency in circulation is estimated at twenty-one million dollars. —The wreck of a British vesssel on a de sert island is reported. Some of the crew had been a year and ten days on tbe island -when rescued, subsisting on shell-fish and root* —A man named Joseph Creel, who was a ! lad of two or three years when Washington was born, is now living in Wisconsin, at tbe age of 139. He is a great smoker, and the doctors think that but for this he might live to bq a pretty old man. —Tbe King of Italy will send to the Dub lin exhibition tbe biggest emerald in tbe world, next to the “Emerald 191 e.” It is six inches long, four broad, and three thick, and bas engraved upon it the Lord's Supper, after Domicbino. —An auction sale has been held in War saw ot gold watches, ear rings, brooches, wedding and other rings, the property of political prisoners who have either been “ worked off’’ or sent to Siberia by the Rus sian government. —A lock of Queen Elizabeth’s hair, with an original poem by Sir Philip Sydney on receiving it, has lately been found in an old folio volume of the Arcadia, at Walton, in England. Tbe hair in color is golden brown. l;o cal matter s. Arrival of the Florida Boat. The Steamer Fountain, Capt. Castner, of the Pllat ka Line, arrived last evening, at 10 o’clock. Nothing unusual occurred to mark the trip. The Fountain arrived on time at Jacksonville on Sun day the 30th, and started on her re turn from Pilatka at 4 o’clock Tuesday morning, leaving Jacksonville at 2 P.M. The Fountain touch ed at St. ’Mary’s, Brunswick and Darien. She brings sixty passengers and a fair freight of cotton. Capt. Castner reports everything quiet at the Intermediate stopping places. Extensive additions are being made to the accom modations of the steamer, several new staterooms being in process of construction. No expense Is spared by the agent 9, and nothing left undone by the gentlemanly officers of the Fountain to make the trip pleasant and comfortable for the passengers. Government Cotton to be Shipped North. Mr. John H. Pilsbury, Deputy Supervising Spe cial Agent of the Treasury Department, in charge of the Eighth Agency, arrived la town yester day to receive from Capt Starr, Chief Quartermaster Department of Georgia, the remaining captured Con federate cotton, amounting to nearly two thousand bales. The shipment to Mr. Draper at New York, will commence at once. Shipping- Intelligence. PORT OF SAVANNAH. Thursday, August 3, 1866. Arrived. Steamer Fountain, Castner, from Palatka. Passengers—E Brackenbush, R S Pugh, T B Na thans, T S Long, E W Henry, H Leone, I Beukhelm, J Slager, George Crane, S E Clark, S Flishman, L Y Gibbs, wife and servant, S D Tonga, wife and 2 ser vants, Miss Helen Tonge, R H Tonge, S D Tonge, Ir, Mrs Babbitt, T H Colcock, Ira Sanbion, Miss Ann Sanblon, Miss Sallie Sanbion, John W Sanbion, W E Montague, John Harrison, J T Wright, S F Kline, T L Lamb,, A L Smith, W A Howard, AAxson, Mrs Cot ton, 2 children and servant, Miss Maggie Cotton, Mia« Salile Cotton, Mrs Whitfleld, 2 children and servant. Miss Fannie Whitfleld, Aroble Cole, S T Ridell and wife, L B Emmermons, W H Newman, Miss C Accosta W P Muller aud wife, S S Carr. Consignees —M A Coheu, Agent, cotton and mer chandize to Erwin & Hardee, M A Cohen, Ageut, S S Carr and order. OFFICIAL—DISTRICT OF SAVANNAH. HEADQUARTERS DISTiCT OF 8 \VaNNaH, j Ist Division, Detartmknt or Gfobgia, v Savannah, Ga., August 2d, 1866. j Skoal Ordir,} No. IT. / (EXTRACT. J •**•••• 2. In compliance with Instructions from Depart ment Headquarters, dated August Ist, 1805, the fol lowing Regiments of the District will be immediately mastered out. under the regulations promulgated iu General Orders No. 9T. C. a. War Department: 76th New YoiK Volunteer inlanry. lrth Connecticut •• •• 2ttu Massachusetts “ •• 18th Indiana ” •• 3. All Commissioned Officers and enll-ted men, be lohgmg to the above enumerated regiment* selected t.* be mustered out. who are abeent from their com mands, will at once join their regiments. By command of Bvt Major General J. M. BRANNAN. Will A. Coultlk, a. A. G. au2 2 HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT OF SAVANNAH,) Ist Division, Department of Urobgla, > Savannah, July 29, 1683. j Special Order, t No. 14. f l EXTRACT.] I. Capt. John Martin Lusslne, Schooner “Mary Agnes,’’ having violated Ge eral Order No. 69, Head quarters Department of the South, May 6, 1866, estab lishing quarantine regulations for the District ol Sa vannah, Ga., in allowing communication with the fhure, U hereby fined the sum of one Hun ired Dollars, He will be kept In confinement until the above amount is paid. By Command of _ Brevet MaJ. Gen. J. M. BHANNAN. Will a. Coulter, Capt. <Jt A. A. G. jv3l HEADQUARTERS, DISTRICT OF SAVANNAH. 1 Ist Division, Dbp't. of Georgia, > Savannah, ua., August Ist, 1866. ) General Orders, 1 No. 9. / The following Circular from Headquarters Depart ment of Geoigia, is published for tue information of ail concerned, and wlh be carried into execution at once: HEADQ’RS DEPARMENT OF GEORGIA,! Augusta, Ga., July 31,13u6. j Circular, I No. 1. f in order to afford ample opportunity to the people of Georgia to take the oath oi allegiance prescribed in the President’s Amnesty Proclamation of May 29, 1a65, it is ordered, first, District Commanders will at once select, for the purpose of administering the Oath of Allegiance, one Assistant Provost Marshal for every four counties in his district, reporting the names of such officers so selected to this office; these officers will, however, proceed at once to administer the Oath of Allegiance. second, District Commanders will designate the four counties assigned to each District Provost Mar shal, and tbe same will be numbered as a Subdivision of the District. Third, The Assistant Provost Marshal so designated will visit the county seat of each county in his subdi vision as often as practicable, aud remain in each county seat three or four days; at such visit he first causing public notice to be given of the time, in the newspapers of the districtor otherwise. All possible despatcu must be used by tbe Assistant Provost Mar shal to complete administering tne oath to citizens consistent with their duties and the public interest. Fourth. For information on the suoject of the duties of Assistant Provost Marshals In administering the oath, form of report to this office, &c., attention is called Circular 6, Heudquartrs Military Division of the Ten nessee, Jane 26, 1866. By command of Major General STEKDMAN. (Signed] c. H. GROSVENOK, Brevet Brig. Gen. and Provost Marshal Gen. By command of Brevet Maj. Gen. J. M. BRANNAN, Will A. Coulter A. A. G. au2-7 Refrigerators, Assorted. HOBBY HORSES. JUST RECEIVED BY STUART A CO., a °3-3 „Corner Bull and Broughton sts. NOTICE. iVT 11 h. W. STEVEN la my duly authorised Attor- Aya ney during my absence from the city J>3l- ttJ&Mitf ROiHSCHILP. TO RENT, TO RENT, HPHE Comer Store at the fort of Drayton street.— A Well calculated for a Ship Chandlery. Ai-piy to JOHN STODDARD. * nS -3 No. 10 Bryan street, upstairs. HOUSE AND ROOMS TO LET. H° t 8 C ° r Der ° f ** onaton and Drayton Also, a Kitchen and two Rooms. Apply to WALTER O'MEARi, ans-t[ Over Kxpreai Office. RESTAURANTS, Acf”™* OAK LODGE, THUNDERBOLT. \\riLLIAM T. DANIELS respectfully Informs Ids V Y friends and the citizens of Savannah that he has taken this old and Favorite Summer Retreat, where he Is prepared to accommodate Boarders and to furnish PIC-NICS and KAhTIES. There is an er. cellent BATH HOUSE upon the premises. Boata and Fishing Tackle Always on Hand. M 2 ts EMANCIPATION SEEMS TO BE THE End of oar National Troubles* THE HILTON HEAD HOUSE, Cor. Johnson Square and Bryan Sts., IS NOW In good running order—a place where the weary can find rest, and where the waiters have no rest. BURTON’S BAST INDIA PALE ALE, COOL LAGER, ON ICB. LUNCH AT 11 O’CLOCK A. M. No crippled Jaws wanted In this establishment la business hoars. , Old acquaintances ne'er forgot. “For particulars see small bills.” BILL WILLIAMS, jyl9-tf Proprietor Hilton Head Hou9e. CLAMS ! CLAMS I ! I HAVE the best Clams at Hilton' Head, and the best Cooks, in proof of which statement I adduce the following testimony from Mr. Beni. Honey’s ad vertisement In the Savannah Daily Herald, of the last oi two: “There Is no man In Port Royal that can serve op Clams in every style better than Mr. Fitzgerald, at the Eagle Saloon, in rear of the Post Office. “Tbere is Where the Laugh Comes In.” My dear Ben we wish you a long file and a merry one. In addition to the above luxury, we famish as good a meal as can be obtained at Hilton Head, or auy other place In this Department. CIVE US A CALL, And we feel confident that you will leave our estab lishment satisfied that whatever we advertise you will flDd to be correct. Do not forget onr old established house, in the rear of Post Office. , PETER FITZGERALD, JCSO Proprietor. OFFICIAL—BUREAU OF FREEDMEN. WvR DEPARTMENT, ] Bureau of Refugees, Freedmeu and Aband’nd Lands, > WasMIhGTON. July 12,1186, ) Circular,) No. 11. / Jnstructio/is to Jsetetant and other Officers. Each Assistant Commissioner will be careful, In the establishment of sub-districts, to have the offices of his agent at some point easy of access for the people uC tne >ub-di9tric\ He will have at least one agent, either a cltlnen, military officer, or enlisted man. in each aubdl-tnct. This agent must be thoroughly Instructed in his ou ties. He will be furnished with the proper blaiiKs for contracts, and will insti ute methods adequate to meet the wants of his district lu accordance with the rules ol this Bureau No fixed rates of wages will be pre scribed lor a district but in order to regulate lair wages ingivtn individual cases, the agent should have In mind minimum rates for liis own guidance By care ful inquiry as to the hire of an able-Dodied man when the pay went to the master, he will have an approxi mate test of the value of labor. He must of course consider the entire change of circumstances, and bo sui e that the laborer hasdue protection against avarice and extortion. Wages had better be secured by alien on the crops or land. Employers are do Ired to enter Into written agreements with employees, setting lortii stated Wages, or securing an interest In the land or crop, or both. All such agreements will be approved by the nearest agent, and a duplicate filed In his office, lu case there should be no agent within reach, the nearest postmaster will torward the duplicate of con tracts direct to the Assistant Commissioner for tae State. Attention le specially called to section 4 of the law establishing the Bnreau, with regai and to setting apart land to “every male citizen, whether refugee or freed man," &c., and lhe same arrangement Is recommend ed when It can be effected, between private parties. Already many farmers have rented lands to freeilmen and reiugees This course is a recognition of the gen eral principal In tbe law. In order to enlorce the fulfillment of contracts on both contracting parties, the Commissioner of the Bu reau lays down no general rule—tne Assistant Com missioner must use the privllegee and authority he already has. Provost courts, military commissions, local courts, when the freedmen und reidgees have equal rights with other people, are open to his use. in the great majority ol ca-es bis own arbitrament, or that of his agent, or the settlement by referees, wil be sufficient. No Assistant Commissioner, or agent, Is authorised to tolerate compulsory unpaid labor, except lor the legal punishment of crime. Suffering may result to some extent, but suffering is preferred to slavery, und Is to some degree ihe necessaiy consequence of events. In all actions tbe uflicer should never forget that no substitute for slavery, like apprenticeship without proper con-ent. or peonage, (i. e., either holding the peuule by debt, or confining them, without consent, to the laud by any system.] will be tolerated. The Assistant Commissioner will designate one or moreot his agents to act as the general superinten dent of schools (one for each State] for reiugeos aud - freedmen. This officer will work as much as possible in conjunction with Mate officers who may have school matters in charge. If a general system can be adopt ed for a State, it Is well; but if not, he will at least take cognizance of all that Is being done to educate refugees and freedmen, secure proper protection to schools aud teachers, promote method aud efficiency, correspond with the benevolent agencies which uie supply ing his field, and aid the Assistant Commission er in malting his required reports. burgeon C. W. Horner, Chief Medical Officer of the Bureau, will have the general supervision ol medical matters connected with refugees ana freedmen ’The Asrietaut Commissioners will Instruct their medical officers, as they nave instructed other officers, to make ihe medical department self-supporting us lar as possible. An public addresses of a character calculated to create discontent are reprehensible; but tbe Assistant Commissioner and his agents must explain, by con stant recapitulation, the principle-, luwo, and regula tions of tuis Bureau, to a i parties concerned, it is recommended to the Assistan Corami-siouers to oruw up iu writing a careiul summary to be pubiiciy und privately read by agents throughout their respective districts. O O. HOWARD, außTt Major General, Commissioner.