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I TO Sav&fman Daily Hcraiq. iT w 4 Cos., Pnomirrona SaMCM. W. MAS**. .. EMTOIL 8A VASNAH, THURSDAY, AUGUST Iff, 1885. FOR LOCAL HITTERS SEE THIRD PACE. TO advertisers. Our advertising patron* are reminded that adver tisement* inserted in the Morning Edition of the Hiuu> will appear in the Evening without extra charge. Advertisements should be handed in aa early as poßtble, bat will be received ae late *a It OTiork at night. We adhere to our advertised rate* except tor long advertisements, or those inserted for s long time* on which a reasonable discount will he made. HOW TO OBTAIN THE HERALD REG ULARLY. We often have complaints from resident* of Sevan nah and Hilton Head th»t they are not able always L» obtain the Foals. The demand is sometimes so as to ei *auet an Edition very soon afer ltsissne, and those who wish tc have the Herald regularly, eh. aid sntrwxibe for it. We have faithful carriers In Savannah nd at Hilton Head, and thromgh them we always serv* regular subecrioers first. A BUSINESS DIRECTORY OF SAVANNAH. Wepre now publishing a column and more wbrlct business announcements, cercfnlly clftsfflkd, under the general head of “Savannah Business Directory." It includes some forty leading business men aud firms of Savannah. We propose to retain tins as a regular feature of the Hekald. The expense gs In serting card* in this department of the paper iff very 'mall, and we believe the advertisers will-ranelve more than a proportionate benefit. Parties wishing to have thair cards included In tins Directory, can do so by sending them to onr counting room, of hand ing them to Mr. M. J. Divine, who is authorised to receive them. Prepayment will be Invariably re quired. L "-a d»OLITICAL EDUCATION. T* There is no greater test of it nation’s capacity for liberty than the measure of its political education. When we speak of political edu cation, we do not mean the instruction de rived from books or lectures, but tbe practi cal training that owes its existence to the performance of civil duties, and the habitual • exercise of the powers of local government. The .preparation of a people to enter on a career of freedom will be determined by their familiarity with the usages that are as sociated with some degree of self-govern ment. The excesses of the French revolu tion are to be traced to the want of this preparation, while the absence of tumult and disorder in the American revolution, in all its stages —the easy transition from the co lonial state to that of independence is to be explained by a familiarity with the practices of a self-governed people. The local assem bly in which discussion takes place as part of its ordinary business—the popular meeting in which political topics arc canvassed—are schools of training for both people and ru lers. The facility with which the American community from Maine to Georgia, adopted the same principles of government after the establishment of independence—the identity of their fundamental law is an evidence of this fact. We have been led into this train of re mark by a recollection of the protracted struggles of tbe Spanish-American States in their vain endeavours to establish stable gov ernments—the utter futility of their efforts to work out the problem of self-government. It is now upward!) of half a century since they released themselves from the shackles of co lonial dominion. They are no farther ad vanced in the solution of the problciu than they were when they threw ofT the hateful domination of old Spain. The cause of their failure has been their defective political education — their total unpre parednets to perform the functions of self government. Spain had constituted all her colonial governments on one uniform pattern. The viceroy represented the royal authority, in whom was, in fact, centered all civil and military power. There were neither legisla tors nor responsible magistrates of any kind. Local assemblies in which public matters are discussed, were unknown to the Spanish co lonial system. The liberty of the press was not heard, in its faintest utterances, in the whole extent of the Spanish trans-Atlantic empire- The result was, of course, to ex clude those topics that form almost the daily discussion of a people jealous of their liber ties. There were no channels through which intelligence could flow from the more to the less intelligent of the people—no bond of sympathy between the different classes of the community. There was social isolation as complete nearly as where in those Eastern countries the separation by castes hare ta ken place. Could anything but ignorance of the du ties of citizenship spring from such a consti tution of society ? Could the love of liberty and the respect for order arise among a peo- ple unversed in the simplest principles of government ? Can it be a subject of surprise, therefore, that the Spanish-American States, without an exception, have been engaged in factious struggles since their revolt trom the authority .of Spain ? Could auarehy and disorder have been the fruits of any other scheme of colonial policy ? It may be affirmed without contradiction, that without \oaa\ institutions that nourish ■ habits of discussion— without provincial as semblies that tamiiiarise the mind with the themes that concern the interests of civil so ciety—there can be no adequate preparation for liberty—none of that training that shows a change of political status to be less a rev olution than a transition. If France had preserved her Municipal institutions which according io De Tocqueville, outlived the feudal system, she would have escaped the horrors of that revolution. He' describes the towns and cities as small democracies in the exercise of municipal franchises. It was the overthrow of these that prepared the way for the excesses that followed. It was the retention of municipal privileges and the exercise of the powers of Belf-govern- Tnent in England, after the overthrow of the • Monarchy that rendered the transition so easy to the Commonwealth and again hack to Monarchy. And it was the transmission to her Colonies of these local privileges that enabled them from these materials to build up separate while it was the entire absence of wHßuaterials that has ptoiunged the Spanish-AThe.-icaii States into vortex of anarchy which has rendered PRiem an example to the nations. Richmond County. —A writer in the Au gusta Chronicle suggests Hon. Charles J. Jenkift, Hon. E. Starnes, and Hon. Aiex- MerC. Wyker,%s suitable persons to rep- WRn that cronty in the approaching Slate Convention. With such a representation, , Richmond county would exert a powerful | influence for good in the Conventlou. y W* have made arrangements so that the ' Hbkxld will be delivered earlier to *ubscri i tort hereafter, I HE. MVJUMIU m UULt HAILWOAD. The Damage it Sustained from the Operations of Urns. Sherman's Army—lts Corns tcliam with the Florida System of Roads—The Adrantngn that will Result therefrom to Savamah — Sug- ! gestions to the Business Men interested in this 'Xeic Branch of Trade. The lively interest felt by the citizen* of Savannah, as well as by the planters of Southwestern Georgfa aud Florida, in the affairs of this road, has suggested the pro-' priety of presenting such iDfbrmatlou with regard to its present condition and pragjiects as we have been able to collect from reliable j sources. It was our purpose to incorporate in this article a brief history of tbe projection of this improvement, the circumstances connected with its location, and such interesting inci dents as may have marked its progress to completion. But, on application for access to tbe archives of the company, to enable us to do so, we were informed that the privi lege, for reasons satisfactory to us, could not be accorded just now. We have, therefore, to be content with giving but little under this head, and take up other topics of perhaps greater interest, pertaining to the subject on hand. The Savannah and GuTf Road was located and tbe superstructure commenced, if we have been correctly Informed, in the year 185 j; and was pushed forward to completion, under the chief direction of the lamented Dr. Screven, in the early part of the year 1861. It is two hundred miles in length, with its present Western terminus at Thomasville, an interesting town situated in the South western part of tbe State. Its extension further West, to the confluence of the Flint and Chattahoochee rivers, or to an inter section of the road projected and com menced, from Tallahassee to Pensacola, is doubtless contemplated by the stockholders. The last named connection is, perhaps, preferable, and should be made, provided the assent of the Legislature of Florida could tye obtained, which is somewhat problem atical, we fear, owing to considerations of interstate policy. This connection effected, and the road to Pensacola completed, the shortest and most expeditious route from the Northern Atlantic cities to the Gulf States, Mexico and California, will be over this con tinuous line of railway from the Atlantic to tbe Gulf. The damage sustained by this road from operations of troops under tbe command of Gen. Sherman, is more extensive, perhaps, than the public have been led to suppose. The work of destruction was commenced at the Little Ogeechee river, and was thor oughly executed to the Altamaba river—a distance of thirty six miles, including all the bridges and trestlework. The rails nre so twisted and bent that but few of them can be Used in re-laying tbe road. A large force is now employed in rebuilding the road, aud It is expected that it will be com pleted and in running order ia ninety days. Running, aa it does, through one of the liuest cotton regions hi the South, and much of this article awaiting transportation in all the large and populous counties through which it passes, its early completion is look ed for with anxiety nnd impatience. The connection of the Savannah and Gnlf Railroad with the Florida road from Fernan dinaand Jacksonville to St Marks, on the Gnlf of Mexico, by a branch Road completed last December, tapping the former at Station No. 12, one hundred and thirty-two miles from this city, and intersecting the latter at the station koown as Live Oak, nearly equi distant between the two points of termini, is an event of no ordinary significance in the history of internal improvements in this sec tion of our country; and this remark is cs- to the commercial inter ests of Savannah- Florida is comparatively anew State, but was making rapid advances before the war in the development of its valuable agricul tural resources, and a system of Internal im provements that, in extent and real impor tance, locally and generally, Is scarcely in ferior to improvements of like character in States having quadruple her population. All of that area of arable country extend ing from the Suwannee river to the Atlantic coast, East and West, and between the Geor gia line and the Manateo river, North and South, is of the peculiar character adapted to the production of the Sea Island cotton, the product of which is now selling at seven ty-five cents per pound In this and other markets. At least two-thirds of this exten sive area it susceptible of cultivation, and will yield, with energetic and skillful man agement, an amount that will not only com pensate the laborer for his toll, but enable him in a few years to acquire pecuniary in dependence. This same land produces corn generously and yields the sweet potatoe in quantities and quality that any other country in the world. The middle section of this State, embraced between the Sutfrgnnee ana Apalachicola rivers, presents a soil similar in character and pioduction to that of Southwestern Georgia, which has been sought after with so much avidity by planters, from Virginia to Louisiana. We 'regret that we have not at hand the data to enable us to present a statement ol the ag gregate amounts of cotton, sugar and other products, of these two Interesting portions of the Peninsula State. It would astonish the un- informed reader, and cause an expression of satisfaction to play upon the features of the Savannah tradesmen that would be refresh 'ngin these times of gloom and despondency. AM why so ? Because he has not failed to discover that the connection of the two sys tems of road, by the completion of the bran'eh ° w ?V vc have adverted, renders at least wo thirds ~f the State of Florida as much c °mmercially speaking, to Savan the R °a Utie3 ° f ° eorgia tbroU € u which he Gut Roadpasgcg And benc 7 the aQi _ stL t, U- m f raUnitle * lramediate 'y inter ested to be informed of the extent of the damage sustained by the Gulf Road and the probable per.od in which It will be repaired and transportation resumed. The certain realization by all the parties interested of the new advantages we have presented, hinges of course upon the reason able hypothesis that the cost of transporta tion to tuts city will not exceed—and will be less, if practicable—that which has attended the shipment of produce to other and more distant points for sale and barter. That the Directories of the different roads so vitally Interested in the proper and skilful adjustment of the business relations whlcl must necessarily result from the introduction of this new link in the southerly chain 0 l communication whh Savannah, will secure beyond jwradventure, this valßahle piue. we will not permit ourselves to doubt for a single moment. The Importanceof tbfflr tak ing this subject into Immediate ron»!deratkwi is so patent as to induce the belief that it ba* been acted upon already. Nor does the responsibility for tbe atta a ment of this end rest alone with tbe Mat* gers of the Railroads, but embrace* ia it* scope the factor* and merchant.-. of Saewn nali, wiio doubtless luxUnUnd tbe mevla* o|>eraudi, and (be importance o| iavitMtg trade by the adoption of a •nuem M twsi ness communication that wilt be liberal tr. its character, and by which the planter* may be partially relieved at least, of the onercm* embarrassments under which they are bow struggling for resuscitation—«ad U may be effected too without hazard or much incon venience. We hope our buatne« men arc preparing to confront with commend*!*e prompt**** and ia a spirit of just liberty, tbe various as pect of tills interesting subject- as presented by a timely and cartful consideration of its magnitude and of what is doe to the inter estof trade, the planters aud themselves We make these precautionary suggestions in no spiiit of dictation or complaint, but as a journalist, feeling a deep iuterest iu the speedy arrival aud expansion of tha com merce of our dty by the prompt use of means and expedients that may be bath at tainable and effected. The wakeful men who have the management of the Fernondina and Cedar Keys road and tbe road connecting Jacksonville with Lake City, will do every thing in their power to prevent the abipjnent of tbe products ot Florida to Savannah by the new route. They regard the new connection, the consummation of which tliey resisted with the mast obstinate determination, as dangorous to the commer clftl interests of their respective towns, aad will act accordingly. Os this formidable combination, fairly op posed, in tliis particular, to the interests of Savannah, we give our factors and merchants timely warning, that they may prepare tor the conflict. Our city can only recover her former prosper ity, and the shattered fortunes of her popu lation be rebuilt, by diligent, persistent and earnest effort on the part of her intelligent business men. In a Word tbe fortune of Sa vannah is in their hands, and we doubt not they have a just appreciation ot their re sponslWHty. 1 ' SOUTH AMERICA! ALLIAKK Prompted no doubt by the French move ment for the establishment of aa Imperial Government in Mexico, the South American States bare negotiated a treaty of alliance for their mutual defence against foreign ag gression. Tbe treaty was made on the 23d of June last, between the States of Salvador, Bolivia. Colombia, Chile, Equador. Peru and Venezuela, aud is binding for fifteen year! The exchange of tbe ratifications are to take place within two years, or sooner if possible. By tbe termafeif the treaty the several Stat.rs become united for the special purpose of a common defense against foreign intervention iu the afl virs of either, and eaeh binding it self to non-intercourse with nny nation at tacking either of them. This is the natural fruit of French iuterveution in Mexico, and threateus to lose to France all her commerce With the Southern American States. Weather and Health. The weather, though still wr.rm, is not nearly so oppressive the past few days, owing to the frequent refreshing showers and cooling breezes with which we have been favored. July was a very warm mouth, but judging from the flccouiris iu our exchanges, the weather has been less oppressive here than iu any other city North or South. The indications of the past few days are that the heated term is nearly over. The health of the city has thus far been good, and we have every reason to expect a healthy fall season. The Great Eastern and the Atlantic Cable. The Great Eastern, which has now been out fifteen days engaged in laying the At lantic Cable, has not yet been beard from, and some apprehension is expressed in the New York papers that the attempt to lay the cable will again prove a failure. It is said that on her trip trom Sboerness to Valentia Bay, the Great Eastern demonstrated the un pleasant fact that she bad not more than half enough steam power tor the work she has to do. She failed to make more than five n<sles an hour, and it was believed that in a storm, or even against a strong wind, she would be uumanageble. A letter from Hearts Content where the steamer is expect ed to arrive, dated on the 18th alt., says: Avery heavy storm of wind and rain is raging. This n the second severe blow we have experienced here since the supposed de parture of the Great Eastern from IreUud, and much anxiety is felt here in consequence. It is feared ttiat the work of laying the ca ble may have beeu retarded by these storms, if not fatally affected. The fishermen about here shake their heads, hut say that the Great Eastern may not have beeu caught in the gales a* all It is the tervent prayer of nearly all that she may have escaped the dreadful perils. The winds have been blowing with great fury from the southwest the whole day, com mencing about midnight. TENNESSEE ELECTION. A dispatch from Louisville, £y., of the 3d lust, gives the election returns from the fol lowing towns: Frnnkliu—Campbell, Democrat, 176 : Car ter, Union, 08; Stokes, 194: Hood 166: Faulk ner, -f. Swectwnter—Maynard, Union, 31 majority. Soldier vote—Maynard 62 majority. The vote in the First district for Congress is as follows; Miller, Unlou, 183 majority. Jonesboro—Taylor, #9; Miller, 152. Murfreesboro—Ed. Cooper, administration, 251 majority. Columbia—Arnold, 104; Thomas, conser vative, 158. Cowan—Cooper, administration, received twenty-flvo votes. In the Tenth district of Franklin county there was no opposition. A dispatch from Nashville of the 4th Inst, says: No additional returns are received that would indicate any positive results. Maynard of the Knoxville district; Stokes-of the Chattanooga district, and Cooper, of the Shelbyville district, all Union, and Thomas, of the Clarksville district, and Campbell, of the district, opposition, are un doubtedly elected. No reports have been received from West Tennessee. Thk Irerpressiulx Conflict.—A fight be tween the white and black employes at Aqula Creek, Ya., took place on the Ist Inst. The military interfered, and, in suppressing the riot, one negro was killed and many others wounded. PiSgna *fGrf*t Rrital*. * a*r«** nan nrtui tuw —Itl natiomai MH, Tbe Annoai Statistical Abstract, which la> *w*a twvwi twtaea >*> Ixvndoa. give* a view of the progrras ot Great Brit tan in the last •ftvvw v«av* In the financial wear coding with March, MOW, the net public expenditure, after dodneriog the charge for the collection of the vrveeoe amounted to more than £BB,- AMVOOTi in the year 1864 '6' it was reduced Tc 0.1,55. V "Shi, or adding the £620,000 raised by tbe s»!e of tcrrvmatno annuities for ex pend tore cm tonifications, £62,475,736, the smaheat evirenditurr since tbe beginning of Tbe Crimean war. with tbe single exception of tbe year 1858-’59. The civil charges of the kingdom were under £7.800,000 in 1950; they are new ahove £10,000,000. The charge tor the force*, military aud naval, was under AISaWOOO in 1851; in the year 1805-'6C it exceeded £>1.000,000; iu the year just closed R was above £25.000,000. But more remarkable thau tbe expenditure is tbe revenue. In the year 1850 the cus tom* duties produced a little over £22,000, - 000; in the year 1864- 05 they have produced half a million more than in 1850, and yet iu the interval customs duties Jiad been repealed or reduced to the extent of nearly nine millions net—that is to say, deducting new duties* imposed from old duties repealed or reduced. The gross revenue derived at the pcstofflce was £2, - 277,000 iu 1850;. it now exceeds £4,000,000. The government taxes tea and coffee less than it did, but comparing tbe year 1850 with time present, it gets from spirit drinkers £13,000,000 iustead of £8,500,0ik), and from smokers and snuff takers £6.000,000 instead .Df £4,500,000. . Teu years ago tbe national debt, including unfuuded debt and tbe capital value of ter minable annuities, was £801,878,763; two years later tbe war expenditure bad raisd it Ao £831,722,963 ; it has now been reduced to £808,289,398. Tbe raw cotton imported iu 1864, of the computed value of £78,200, 000, cost more than double the price paid in 1860 for the largest import ever obtained, but tbe quantity received in 1860 exceeded 12,- 000,000 cwts., while the quantity obtained in 1864 was less than 8,000,000 cwts., and was in fact about the same quantity as that re ceived iu each of the years 1853-55, iust be fore the great stride made by the trade. The import of wool in 1864, 20C|000,000 pounds, was much tbe hugest ever received; and tbs quantity retained for home consumption, 150,000,000 pounds, was also much larger than in auy previous year; but with the in creased number of wearers of wool it will be welcome. Tue corn imported in the year, the value of ail kinds amounting t0£19,881,- 161, was less both in quantity aud value , than in any year since ISSJJ. i The merchant shipping of the L'nited f Kingdom (wot counting river steamers) em | ployed in tbe home and foreign trade in 186* rose to 24,5(3 vessels, of 5,208,468 tons, 1 employing i 95.756 men. The average Gazette price -of British when in the year was 40s. i id—a price lower than in auv year since 1851; in 1855 It was 745. Bd. £10,088,761 of money was coined at the mint in i 864. The funds lodged in savings banks at the end of the year amounted to £39,417,995; this is less by £1,840,373 than in 1860, the last year before the institution of Postoffice Savings Banks, but the fuuds lodged iu these postotflee bauks amounted, at the end of 1864, to £4,993,124, and people cannot find money lor everything. The population in the middle ot 1864 is estimated at 20.772,303 in Eugland, and 3,118,701 in Scotland ; in Ireland the number was probably below 5,700,000. The emigration of the year comprised 208,900 pet sons, nearly 15,000 fewer than in 1863. The number of paupers iu receipt of relief was nearly the same in Ireland and Scotland in 1864 as in 1863, but in England there were nearly 40,000 fewer at the end of last year than at the beginning. The com mittals fortri.il w ere 19,506 in England, 3,212 in Scotland, 6,086 in Ireland—all fewer than in 1863. The amount expended ou the relief of the poor from the rates in the Poor Law— year 1863-4—was £6,421.331 in Eugland, £770,030 in Scotland, £732,969 in Ireland—u decrease in England, an iucrease in Scotland and Ireland. The average number of scholars in attend ance at the Inspected primary schools of Great Britain rose iu 1864 to 1,011,134. FROM MONTREAL. The Attempted Abduction of Sanders. THE STORK A REBEL CANARD. (Special despatch to the Commercial Advertiser.) Montreal, Aug. 4. The attempted abduction of George N. Sanders is pronounced by Judge Armatingan an unmitigated hoax, got up to create sym pathy for the broked down secessionists re siding here. Tins is the view generally taken of the story, and the interest attached to the story iu the States occasions no little surprise here. The Inevitable Foote is here to-day, look ing seedy and a mere relic of his former blustering self. - His manifesto in favor of negro suffrage has drawn down upon' him the abuse of his unrepentant companions in adversity. The question of the vacant Premiership excites great interest. Public opinion points to Hon. John A. Macdonald as the successor of Sir Etienne Tacbe. Should this arrangement be effected, it is probable that Sir Narciase Belleau, or Mr. Cauchon will receive the vacant Cabinet ap pointment. The Confederation scheme exeites no en thusiasm. People regard it with indiffer ence, and have no objection to the experi ment, provided they are not asked to pay the cost. It is evidently looked upon as an Imperial plan, in which the colonies are passive. How thk Rack was Abolished.—Torture, applied to extort confession, was discontin ured, it is said, iu the public courts of Por • tugal, in consequence of the following cer cumstances; A conscious judge having observed the effect of the rack upon supposed criminals in making them confess anything, to the sacrjfice of their lives, to get release from the torture, determined to try an experi ment. It is a capital crime io that country to kill a horse or mule, and he had one of the former which he much valued. He took care one night to have all his servants em ployed, so that ho one but the groom could go Into the stable. When all were asleep In their beds he stole thither himself and cut the horse so that he bled to death. The groom was apreheuded and commit ted to prison.. He pleaded not guilty; but the presumption being strong against him, he whs ordered to the rack, where the extrem lty of the torture soon wrungfrom him a confes sion of the crime. Upon this confession he had the sentence of hanging passed on him, when his maater went to the tribunal and there exposed the fallibility of confessions hi >^lTif a nd . bj !i SU ? h I“ e ? U3 ’ by owning the tacts himself, and disclosing the motives which had influenced him in making the exoeti ment. • The unfortunate groom must have appre ciated the judge s verv convincing illustra tion of the absurdity of the rack in such cases, in proportion to the extent of the racking he endured before making the false confession which forfeited his life. We are not informed whether the judge suffered the pen alty of the law for killing the horse. As there bare been no important changes W* repeat yesterday’* local Market Report. THE AGED UTEANGER as lacios.r oa ra* »»*. *•1 wM with Grant " (hr stranger said; Said tin- termer: • Say no mure, R|| rtwt lbar here *t i*y cottage patch. For thy feet are weary *nd sore. “ ••I was with Grant," the stranger said. said the farmer; “Nay, no mors— -1 prithee sit at my frugal board, And eat ol my humble store. “How fares inr boy—my soldier boy, Ot the Uhl Ninth Army Corps ; I warrant he bore him gallantly In the smoke and tbe battle's roar f’ ‘•I know him not," raid tbe nged man, "And as 1 remarked before, I ws* with Grant"—“N*y, my, I know," Said the farmer, "Say no more; He fell In battle—l see, alii*! Thou'drt smooth these tidlu,-s o’er— Nay spesk the ts nth whatever it be. Though it nnd my bosom's core. How (ell he—with his face to the foe, Upholding the flag he bore? O, say uot that my boy disgraced The uniform that he wore I" ••1 cannot tell," said the aged man, • 'And should have remarke 1 before, That 1 was with Grant—in Illinois, Some three years before the war." Then the farmer spake him never a word, But bent with his fist full sore That aged man who had worked for Grant Some three years before the war. THE WILL OF CARL HEINE, THE GREAT GERMAN BANKER The following, translated for tbe Savannah Daily Herald, is from the New York Stoat* Zeitung of August 6. We give it as a mat ter of interest to many German readers es the Herald. Carl Heine was a brother ot the celebrated poet Heine:— On the 10th of July, the will of Carl Heine, the great banker of Hamburg, Ger many, was opened. His whole property is said to amount to 36 millions mark B, or about 13 millions dol lars in American gold. The following are a few of the beneficia ries: To the poor of Hamburg, Alto na and Ottensers, 10,500 mik.B do Betti-Heine Hospital, 60,00 Qdo do Herman-Heine institut’n 100,000 do do Hebrew Temple congre fation, 20,000 do lamburg benevolent as sociation, 200,000 do do Hamburg Gallery of Arts aud Science, 200,000 do do Paris Benevolent associa tion 50,000 do do Two ot the Assistants in the Banking house, each 40,000, 80,000 do do two of the Assistants in the Banking house, each 80,000 60,000 do do One of the Assistants in the Banking house, 20.000 do dc. Three of the Assistants in the Banking house, each 15,000 45,000 do do Each Clerk who served five years aud longer 10,000 do do Each Clerk who served less than five years 5,000 do do Each Clerk who served twelve years aud is forty years of age a life annui ty of 1,000 do or his widow half that amount, do two old Clerks, each an life annuity, i,OOO do do Each laborer in the es tablishment, 600 do or their widows half To each laborer who was in tbe establishment a length of time, 300 to 1,000 do To Chief Gardner, ~ 5,000 do To each assistant gardner 1,000 d* Each laborer in the garden, 500 A manGoothe, 1,200 Each watchman who served 10 years, life annuity, 400 Each watchman who served lest, 400 Ist Body servant, life annuity, 4,000 2d Bodv servant, life annuity, 8,000 Each of the domestics in Ham burg and Paris, males and, females from 200 to 2,000 Superintendent of household, 10,000 Widow of Dr. Henry Heine, life annuity, 5,000 francs. Dr. H. Heine, Dresden, life an nuity, 2,500 M. B. Teacher of deceased, do. 1,000 do. An old servant, do. ' 600 do. Widow Hertericb, do. 300 do. Widow Gutkaese, do. 700 do. Physician in Paris, do. 2,000 do. Louise Heutz, do. 1,000 francs. Hermine Graff, Governess to his adopted daughter, life an nuity, 1,500 do. Malvine Schadtier, life annuity 300 M. B. Mrs. Emdeu, 20,000 do. Mrs. A, Hertz, 25,000 do. Dr. Heine Dresden, 45,000 do. Mrs, Dr. Halle, sister of de ceased, interest for life 0n400,000 do. Nephews and nieces of the Op peoheim family. 500,000 do Nephews and nieces of the Friedlander family, 200,000 do. Children of Fannie Nannie, 100,400 do. Emil Schroder, 100,000 do. Nurse ofdeceased in Paris, ll.OOOfranes. Revenue Stamp of the will amount to 10,000 M. B. Balance to his widow, with power to dis pose of it at pleasure, but expresses the wish that his adopted daughter may eventually become heir to all. * Three executors of the estate, each 14,000 M. B. as fee. The firm and busiuess shall gradually be extinct. The furniture In Hamburg and Paris shall not be sold, but given away by his widow. All debts to the firm of less than 1500 M. B. shall be cancelled; larger debts not to be collected unless offered by the debtor. Debts to the firm of over 400,000 M. B. to be left with the debtor for one year at the present rate of inteiest. New York Money Market. Saturday, Aug 5. Gold is weak and rather dull. There is an apparent pressure to sell, which probably comes from the fact of the Sub-treasury hav ing put out a certain amount for sale this morning. It is repotted,in well informed quar ters, that the Government yesterday sold $500,000. There is an abundance of cash gold. Board opened in the morning at 143 1-2, and closed half past 1, P. AL at 143 7-8. There are large orders on the street from importers for gold at 140x141; and the in disposition to buy at present prices is very general, from an expectation of a downward tnm In the premium. Money Is rather easier. There is les9 In quiry and more offers to lend. The rate ask ed is generally seven per cent., but from the tone of the market It appears likely there will he a fair amount done this afternoon nt six per cent. Discounts are without change the rates ranging from 7a12 per cent. ’ Governments are quiet, but steady in price. .Sixes of ’Bl rose 1-8; old Five-twen ties were 1-8 lower; new, 1-6 better. Ten forties are firmer, and closed at 1-4 tftivance. Treasury notes, first and second series, were firm at 99 1-4. The decline in quotations brought large orders from the interior, which have strengthened quotations. Other stocks generally lower. Foreign exchange is nominal; the rates continue as yesterday. - Awful Ravage, of tUe Cholera la Egypt. Washington, Aug. 4. Consul General Hale, at Alexandria, Egypt, in an official despatch to the State Depart ment, gives a vivid picture of the rav ages of the cholera iu that city. There were seventeen hundred and eighty-five deaths from June 27th to the 17th of July. It is estimated that more than thirty thou sand persons have left Alexandria since the malady appeared, on the 11th of June, up to the 7th ult. The most distressing reports are received from the interior. Christopher Columbus n* a Nbw Lions. It would appear from the article we publish below, which is part of a letter from Madrid to the N. Y. Times, that the world hitherto has bees quite wrong in its estimate of the motives which led Columbus to attempt his unparalleled voyage of discovery: A society has recently been formed in Par is, the object of which is to publish rare works on American history and archeo logy. The early Spanish expeditions, and the organization of the various colonies, will thus _be fully illustrated in course of time, aud in the meanwhile, the society has thought that it could not do better than to commence the series of its publications with a reprint of the letter of Christopher Co lumbus on the discovery of the New World. This document is the earliest relating to America with which we are at present ac quainted. A latin translation of it was print ed in 1493, Italian aad German versions speedily followed, aud uow M. Leon de Rosny presents it to us iu a French dress.— The editor explains in his preface what were the real designs of Columbus ; no scientific .theories, no thought of discovering anew world, ever entered into his head. He warn ed merely to fiud another road to India, in stead of that which travelers followed by Egypt and the Red Bea. For this reason he designated by the name of India tbe country where he landed; on his arrival at Cuba he believed himself to be iu China, and was sur prised at not meeting with the Khan of Tar tary. -Political conquest, commetcial enter prise aud religious proselytism were the three leading motives which guided the Gen oese admiral, and troin this point of view the brochure published by M. de Rosny is ex tremely interesting. Copious notes have been added, all borrowed from original source*. NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. Zenrabbabel Lodge He, 15, F. 1. a A Regular Meeting of tbl* Lodge will held THIS EVENING (Thursday!, »t o’clock, at their Halt, comer of Bull and Broughton streets. Members ot the Fraternity are respectfaliy invited to attend. By order WM. GREEN, W. M. Jobs Houston, Secretary. aulo-l HEADE RS bub-district of ogeechee. Savannah, Ua., August 9. 156!>, General Oedeal No. SO. f Hereafter and until furthers, all Commissicned Of ficer* of the United States Army visiting this city will he required tu Register their names at these Head tlßirters, st ating authority and length of absence By command of Bvt. Brig. Gen. K. P. DAVIS Jno. Mvllkn, A. A A. G. nutO FOR NEW VOttK-STARLiI *»,C* r-- - The New and Elegant first class 4 IjL t' S M Steamship NEVADA, Capt-iir. .. TvllJLfr Cabpentxb, Hill positively sail for the -owJwSgfcr above port on SATURDAY, August ISth. at 12 o’clock noon. For Freight or Passage, having splendid accommo dations, applv to BRIGHAM, BALDWIN A CO., sulO Agents. AUCTION SALK "IT7TLL be sold at Public Auction, hi accordance TV with order* from the General Commending District of cavsnnah, by Bell, Wylly k Christian. Auctioneers, ON WEDNESDAY, AUG. 16, AT » A. 31. TWO PHOTOGRAPHIC VIEW INSTRUMENTS AND APPURTENANCES, The property of SAM. A. COOLEY, to satisfy Jndff -meut against said Cooley, in favor of E. H. Clapp, the First Provost Couit, District of Savannah, June 7th, IMS. The raie will be held at BECKETTS PHOTOGRAPHIC GALLERY, North side of Broughton, letweea Barnard uud Wfalt kur streets aalO 2_ Auction. i BY ISAAC D. LaBOCHE. THOMAS] J. WALSH, AccrtoxsEs. ON THURSDAY, August 10th, will be sold st store corner of U*y and Barnard streets, at 10 o’clock, an Invoice of Dry Good*, consisting yt 30 doz White Cotton Shirts SO doz Men's Regatta do SO dos India Gauze do 48 White real Merino do . 30 doz Men’s Striped Regatta do 100 doz White Half Hose, Men’s 100 doz Brown Half Hose, do 100 dos Women’s Cotton Hose The above goods will be sold in bond. Samples can be seen at the count tug room. auglO CIDER BRA ND Y. 5 A/GY GALLONS, from one to five year* old.— IV Samples of each sent by Express, with list of price*. Also, in cates of one and two dozen each. H. S. OONNOVER. Distiller, aulO-lm Freehold, N. J TEtET ABIES At Low Prices. JUST ARRIVED, by the steamer Chase, a Large Assorted Stock of Vegetables, con sisting of— * POTATOES, * ONIONS, CABBAGES, BEETS, and TURNIPS, AND A— Fine Lot of .Northern Apples. All of which will lie sold immediately at low prices, in lots to suit purchasers. B. P. DE YU. 133 Broughton street, Jesse’s Old Stand. CHOICE FAMILY GROCERIES ALWAYS ON HAND. _*»?. lw FOR B AT.m RECEIVED PER STEAMER CHASE, 200 kits (new 1865), No. 1 Family Mackerel, » üB - tf ' N. A. HARDEE A CO. NEW GOODST -J CASE MERRIMACK CALICOES A 1 case Sprague's Calicoes Colored Mourning Delaines 4 4 Bleached Long Cloths 6-4, 10-4 *ndli£ sheetings Ladles' Sun Umbrellas Ladies' and Gem s' Linen Cambric Hankerdilefs Irish Linens andJluck Towels Gents' and Youth’s Soft. Rats Magic Ruffling, Ac.. Ac. Just received by miV-a DaWITT A MORGAN. FAMILY SUPPLIES. JU9T RECEIVED, a Choice Lot of Groceries and other articles for Housekeeper*, consisting of— -8 casks Thomas' Hama 1 cask Bacon Sides 1 cask shoulders 10 boxes Lemons 6 boxes Oranges, Seville S bbls Wine Biscuit, and oib era fresh baked Also, Colons, Potatoes, Beets, Cabbages, Tumlßs. Olives. GIVE US A CALL, On Barnard street, next door to corjtfflr Broughton at. •“*-* C. S. OSGOOD. Wanted. T W .?,te 4 a S ».e^^^^ t ;r'- Address, tor one week, * Sherman," Herald office augo-iw • Wanted. ANiCELY" furnished room, without board, whers the people nr. not too inquisitive. Address •Grimes." Herald office. • BU^O-lw' ' STORE WANTED/ FOR A RETAIL BOOK AND STATIONERY BUSINESS, IN the vicinity of Whitaker, St. Julien, or Conerew streets, nr a locality adapted to said business* Reference to W. B. THOMPSON, or Box 91 Monti. Clio, Florida. lw ’ WANTED IMDLtfai', FIFTY' TONS ol Rags and Waste Paper Tha HIGHEST CASH PRICES PAID. Alai, A,t ton Pirkings, Wool, Hides, Tallow, Grease, Metals Bottle*, Ac., at the ’ FOREST CITY MILLS, au4-tf Savannah. Penmanship. "« WO classes In Penmanship will be organised for a A course of t wemy lessons—one for Boy * and Younv Men. from 3 to 4 p. m,, and one for Misses and YonnS Ladies, from S to fl p. m. * Tbe course or lessons for the Boys will commence op Thursday, loth inst., tbe Young Ladle* course on Monday, 15th. As our young folic? are now free from their school duties, those of them who are deficient in this branch of education will have uu opttortunity of giving snecisl attention to it. For terms, Ac., apply to the undersigned, at Doctor Charters', Broughton street, two doors east of Bull au g 3 - 8 B. MALLOiU_ Dissolution of Partnership, THE Mrtnership formerly existing between Samuel Macky. Alexander Hogg and Robert H. Beattie, under the name of MACKY, UOUG & CO., having been d£ solved by the death of Alexander Hogg, all persona In Savannah and the Southern States having I claims against ihe late firm of Macky, Hogg St Cos., are re quested to present them, nnd ail persons indebted to said fl i m to make payments to our Agents, Nos 90S and 205 Bay street, Savannah. SAMUEL MACKY, RGBtCRT H. BKATTIE. Copartnership. The undersigned have entered iuto a partnership under the name of MACKY’ & BEATTIE, to carry on the Produce and General Commission business from and after the Ist day of August, A D. tide, at No 25 South Water street and 1933 and 1934 Market street Philadelphia, P*. SAMUEL MACKY. augS-3 ROBttRT H, BEATTIE For Sale. To Close Out a Consignment, QJ PAIRS Women’s Lasting Lace Heeled Gaiters At On pairs Women’s Gout Tip, Pump Sols Sewed Balmorals 3d pairs Child's Goat Tip Peg Balmorals 12 do do Pat. Ankle Ties • 12 do do Red Moroco Boots 12 do do Pat. Leather Balmorals 60 do Women’s Goat Tip D. S. Sewed Bals. 12» do do Lasting silk Gore Heel’d Gaiters 24 do do do Tip Balmorals 24 do Misses Glove Kid Tip Congre g Gaiter* 60 do Women's Goat Plain D. 8 Sewed Bal*. 60 do do Lasting Tip Balmorals SB do Ml*ces' Kid Tip Sewed do 34 do Men's Lasting Imitation Black Congress 41 do do Calf half double Sole Bals. Peg ‘JI do do Buff Scotch Ties 24 do do Calf Sewed Balmorals 36 do do Kip Hunter’s Boots 36 do do Buff Buckle Oxfords 36 do do Calf D. 8. Sewed Imitation Black Congress 16 pairs Men's Calf Sewed Oxford*. Apply so HOHATIO PITCHER. Harris' wharf) foot of Lincoln st, augS-tf old stand of Van Horn A Cos. SUGAR, CORN, Flour and Crockery. (A BBt.B. raw Sugar, prime to choice qualities 500 sacks superior White Com 100 bols extra quality Baker's Floor 5 crates assoi ted Crockery Landing per schooner Ovoca, and for sale by M. 8. COHEN, north side Bay st„ augS 3 first door west of Exchange. White Sulphur Springs, FLORIDA. A Popular and Healthful Resorts THE subscriber is prepared to accommodate Board ers at tbe above named Springs, situated w'thln twelve miles of Lake City aud seveu miles from Wei burn Station, on the Jacksonville and Tallahassee Railroad. Stages connect regularly with the trains to convey passengers to the Springs. The Sulphur Springs are noted for the bountiful sup ply of water and for its medicinal virtues, uiauy cusei of long stauding disease having been afi’ected by their use. Terms adapted to suit the times. aus-dl,v<g2aw3w W. A. TURNER. COPARTNERSHIP NOTICE. THE undersigned have formed a Partnership for the purpose of carrying on a GENERAL AUCTION aud COMMISSION BUSINESS in the City of Savan nah, under the firm name of Bell, Wylly £ Christian The liberal patronage formerly extended to Bell t Christian and G. W. Wylly, is respectfully solicited for the new firm. /. SAMUEL P. BELL, GEOIiGE W. WYLLY. ' au3lo HENRY K. CHRISTIAN. QUEENSWARE HOUSE, 109 Broughton Street, SECOND loot rtot OOISII BULL STBIIT. A large and elogant Stock of China, quesnsware, Glass, Ac., Just received fiomthe manufacturers, and for sale at LOWEST NEW YORK PRICES. JOBBERS AND DEALERS From ail parts of the Country are invited to examine m> WHOLESALE STOCK, Which includes packages containing complete assort ments, put up expressly for COUNTRY TRADE. Assorted Crates of WHITE GRANITE WARE, " •' COMMON WARE, “ “ WHITE GRANITE and COMMON WARE. Goods re packed to suit purchasers. Rul-lm E. D. SMYTH. GOLD AND BANK NOTES. GOLD and Southern Bank Notes wanted, for which a liberal price will be paid. Apply to augß-4 ' BELL WTLLY A CHRISTIAN. I. C. FEATHER, M.D., Office, 10 1-2 Merchants’ Bow, HILTON HEAD, S. £ ju» 8m HOLDERS OF MERCHANDISE WHO wish to realise Immediately, will consult tbeir interest by consigning the same to MaITDB A WRIGHT, General Commission Merchants, Augusta, Gs Refer to—Messrs. Charles L. Colby A Cos., Messrs. Mercy, Day A Cos., William Battersby A Cos. Jyv6-eod6 FOB SALE, A ATUXTEI PLAT, CAPACITY, 400 BALES. Has just made a successful trip from Augusta. au4-tf N. A. HARDEE A CO. NOTICE. OFFICE RFLIEF COMMISSION, District of Savannah, Savannah, Ua., July 27th, ISC4. In obedience tv Instructions from the Secretary of War, received thie day, go further relief to deslltuM people will be furnished from this office. JOHN S. COOKE, _jy9T-tf Capt. and Relief Commission-*. FOWLE & CO., KO, 70 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. (Formerly of Alexandria, Va ,) IMPORTERS OF RAILROAD IRON, AND DEALERS 11$ RAILROAD SECURITIES and RAILROAD SUPPLIES OP EVERY DESCRIPTION. Are prepared to contract for the delivery of Rails either to. b. in Wales or ex-shlp at any desired Port. jul» tut