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she follow.ng vi'iv c) the repeal of the intent :i texts, : r at once luminous end conclujtve. Ca vil*tfclf niufl he fxlc.it before it, cud the ca - Inman *crs of Jrfferjcn ratifl hlujh, at their in famy, even ij they arc call to fierce the vice cf ccrfci dice. From the CHRONICLE. To the people of Mafacbufelts, cn the repeal of the Taxes. If any one rrcafure adopted by the present admimftration has a claim to pre-eminence in thr public estimation, it: is the repeal of the Exife Laws, or as they are more generally termed, the Internal l attes. Among the bed proofs of this troth, is the intemperate railing of the opposition. They levied th'efe taxes. If it v/as right to lay them, it is wrong to a bolifii ti.em. Their charafter.3 are at ilfue; and, like dtfperate ga.r.efters, they flake the ]a t remrent cf their reputation to retrieve the whole. In the found and truly federal policy of abohfhing this complicated, unequal and oppressive system of F.xciL (when right ly understood) they anticipate the iaft and fa ta! blow to their expiring influence. Hence efforts to misrepresent one of the plain ed tran tftions which can be offered to corn iiiO;4 understandings. In order to form a correft judgement cn this fiibjeft, it will be ufeftil ro cad a retrof peftive eve over the pad. When die forma tion of a Federal Confutation was in contem pVai on, neither tiie delegates to the Conven tion, nor the people who elected them, enter tained an idea that the federal government fhoiild be veiled with the power of levying taxes, excepting by impcjl. M .ny intelligent citizens were of opinion that the impofl diould be limbed to live percent. On an opposition to cranting even this five per-cent imped. Mr. King, our Minister at London, grounded his fird popularity in Massachusetts —an 1 fodid Mr. Stephen Higgin&n of Pof ton. To lay cxcifes and direct taxes, was at that time deen ed an important- right, which ought to be reserved to the date governments, and which was aftually cxercifed by them. When a concurrent right to lay cxcifes and direct taxes was suggested, and aftually in ferred among the powers of the federal go vernment, it formed and was urged as an ob jection to the adoption of the Constitution. Independent of the genera* wifii of the peo ple, that this mode of taxation fnould be re fer ved to the dalesexclnfiveiy, ir was foreleer, that two concurrent jurisdictions over the lame sources cf revenue, were generally im politic ar.d inconfidcnr; that after a conflict of influence, the flronger power mud event ually prevail over the weaker; that the date governmen t mud yield to the federal. Sudi hc'.a been the ifuic of experiment. The date of Massachusetts repealed her excifc on car nages and licenses, soon after that cf the fe government came into operation on the lame articles. In the power cf to lav and col left excites,” wh ch was veiled in the federal government, men of political experience and difeernment iorefaw the circle of taxation extend, not merely to goods imported fro n foreign coun tries, but to every a-tide of family ule, whether of foreign or domestic manufacture’ and as a nectffary conlequence, they antici pated a holt of officers, au horded to enter their manufactories, workshops and dwelling houses, every day and every hour of die day, to take account of their flock, and colleft the taxes Lid on their property, without being account aide to tree laws cf the ft ate. Hem lay the root or their bhjeftion, the reasonable and well-rounded jealouly or people who un der Hand freedon in a practical sense. To what extent their power might be carried, they could no: know •, but they did know, for experience had taught them, that nothing was lo baole robe abused as power ; and the power to place centinels and tax-gatherers over the dwellings and occupations, with in q: ifitomi authority, wis never palatable to the people of Maffachutects. Another 6c not an unimportant confluence was fbreieen, in the excrcite of this power. A multiplication of offices, with a consequent increase of officers, bv the fede ral executive, mult, in process of time, give ■o that executive an influence not limited to the immediate objeft of appointments, incom patible with, and final/ deftruftive to the elective franchile j and an influence which in its various and txten five effiefts mufl tend to sap the foundation of government, and ren der the executive office perpetual. In anlvver to theie objections, and to quiet these apprehenfioas, it was urged by the par ty who a (Turned to them lei ves the character ] of federalifts, that the impofl was the c*reatj source of revenue on which the federaT go vernment would depend, and which would proce adequate to the national exigencies ; t ‘m: exciles and direct Taxes would never be 1C jrted to, except in rime of aftual war, or on lone equally pressi n g occasion. On the faith of. uch declarations, and in a zeal to ef uoiiih a National Government the republi can?, who at that time (as well as the present! eonfliruted three-fourtns of the qualified vo-| ters in the state, gave afienc and life to the conflitution. The period in which the wary politician knows that fear will lubfide and public vica- Ur.we (lumber, was scarcely futiered to elapse, when the excile system was ushered, into be ing, and that in a time cf peace and without anv apparent ncceffity- ; Like a culprit in ‘ood company, it was frruggled into our law-books, on the credit of sis authenticator, meeting a cold civility from his friends, and the veto cf a few honefl men. Having been once eflablifhed, the fyflern has progrdTed in regular gradation, as fa ft as the apathy ot die peop e, and the cupidity of the adminifira tion, have dictated. How soon it would have been extended to every article which ad niniflers to the case and comfort cffiife, may be conjectured from the rapid (hides already made in our infant country, and the examples of countries Jfrther advanced in the modern art oftaxation. How long the right of fuffrage would have exilled in purity, or in fafety, under the blighting influence of this Angle branch of execunv, patronage, v/s are no longer tortured to conjecture. hro n this view of the (object, and with these. canlequences resulting from the fyflern, a reformation was demanded, by the princi ples of civil liberty, and by the genius of the conflitution. To reform, was neither more nor ids than to abohjh the taxes, by repealing every law which related to them. It was ne cefiary that the practice under the conflitution should be brought back, and rendered con fur liable to the sense and ‘interpretation which was originally given it : to Amplify the government, in order that the people might, through the adminiffcracion, have one glifinpe at “ those manners, feelings and principles/ 5 for which they fought and bled, and by which they expefted to be governed, when they a dopted the conflitution ; that the executive should no longer derive an artificial lupport, which the conflitution abhors ; that hundreds of Excifemen, who were eating the public bread, fliould return from habits of indolence to eat bread of their own labor ; that Manu factures, if they were not so fie red by ihe go vernment, (hould at kali: be freed from fet ters ; and above all, that the elective fran chile fliould be no longer adulterated by the poison of executive patronage. The arlminiAratiop who nave had the cou rage to make this reformation, the executive who has difeovered the virtue willingly to refl on its own bffis, diverted of artificial props of its ow n raising, .are held up ro you as objects of suspicion, if not of reproach ! Pause, my countrymen ; lay aside all refeat ment, banilh party con(idera:ions, and ask yourselves what you have gain ‘d, and what you have loft ? 400 excifemen have Jolt their places !Is this a cat.feof mourning for a na tion of freemen ? coo obj°fts of cornoetition are removed. Is this prejudicial to the pub lic tranquility ? So many Area ns of executive patronage are dried up. Who but office seekers have occasion to complain ? What have the people iolf ? They are liberated iromafyrtem unfavorable to the cause of free dom. One million of dollars (thefum which may be fairly r fin mated as the amount oi w'hat me people paid dircftlv or infireftly on account of these taxes) inflead of being thus paid, is now retained in the pockets of those who have labored for it, to be applied in their own way to their ownufes. Who is in jured ? Let him speak. Is the public credi tor defrauded ? Does he not receive his inte refl pundualiy, or his principal as soon as it becomes due r Has so ample a proviflon ever before been made for the national debt ? The price of the flocks answers every objection, & fllcnces eve.’-y murmur on this head. Is u the common defence” infufficient, or £C the general welfare,” unprovided for ? Are the frontiers not well defended? Do you re quire longer garrisons on the sea-hoard ? Is commerce unprotected r Farmers, merchants, manufactures mechanics, men of political science, answer these plain queliions, then :urn your attention to those who clamour ; iee who they are, mark well their characters* and draw your own conclusions. But after ail, these arc not the quefiions. Lis on the principle that the opposition ob ject. It ncn the principle th:t republicans ground their juAificanon. The theory with which tne federalifls really view the confhtu tion, a.id tlieir practice under it, proceeding flepby flep towarus a favorite point arc de tected and reprobated : Their fyflern ot pa tronage and influence, wc will not fav their barter and Die of the right of fuffrage,'but we <my be permitted to ca.l ir their syflem cf ar tificial injhieace, tending to corruption, is broken U P* Ticre is the wound given to ambition, a deadly wound, which rankles in the hear: jf diction, and envecoms the whole corps of ariflocracy. Defeated, dilappointed and ex* pwied in their flattering projecc of introducing f theocratic lyilem of influence, under the ioecirs guile of federaiifm, they are now at tempting to divert your attention, fellow-ci tizens, from the great quertion between the two parties. Reluctant to meet the princi ple, and unable to defend at, they fluin the diicuffion of its merits, and .tup l ? themselves to the avarice,to the weak With which they know the human nature abounds ; they apnprfl to your prejudices, and woulc^cover j/our judgment with delusion. With'an effrontery unpa r allelcd in the Ifflory of a C(v’ > i*es, they are endeavoring, by popular clamour and ,mifre preientarions, to disgust you wirtv a free go vernment of your own adoption* and divide you from the conflitutcd authorities cf your own choice. Attend to their objections, and in a moment their inort lived-shadowy influence will va ‘ mih l.ke a dream. Their firll and great ob jection is, that all the revenues of the coun rry, whether of impofl, tonnage, or excise, are not more than adequate to defray the nation al expences, and to provide for the public debt ; that the internal taxes ought net to I have been abolished, because they were neceflary to the payment. And yet in the lame moment, the lame party propose a re peal of the duties on Lit, on the loCv priced teas, and on lugar and collee, amounting to a much larger sum ! If they d*d really believe that the internal | taxes could not be dispensed with, could they !be Willing to repeal thedut/eson imported articles of great amount ? But fay they, the duties on sugar, tea, and coffee, fall on the pour. VVno laid tho'e burthens on the poor? j v\ no !iave)rom time to time increased theie | burthens or. the poor ? And who if they had | continued in power, would have (Till increased j a } n '* them to every article of life, from | cue light of heaven admitted through our ! windows, to tne hearth, which admimhers to our culinary -wants ? The men who have ex pended millions on armies and navies, who have gixen a premium of 3 per cent, for mil lions of dollars : under whole administration uie public deb: lias been augmented at the j !ci ' e 01 a r,l iihon of dollars a year, during ten years of uncommon prosperity, and with a re venue in their hands of ten millions a-year ; me men who have forfeited the public confi dence and are new insidiously addrefling your paliions and courting your good opinion. Vv ithouc however confulering the excise as forming part in a lyrtcm of meafurcs unfavo raoie to liberty or creating an influence un known to the conflitution, calculated to hum ble tne ft ate governments, and to effeft a conloiidafion of the general government, or as vexations and o preiflve to the citizens, the following view of its partial and unequal operas ons, together with tne enormous ex penle of collection, wflljuftify the abolition ro every candid mind. (do be continued.) A LEX AXD RI A, Olio er 1 fl. ExtraU of a letter from Messrs. CollowfFreres , Carmichael (A Cos. at Havre, to their corref fort dents in this city , dated July 23. A law has just palled for est a bli fifing an c.tiepot tor colonial produce in certain ports of this country, (and Havre is one of them) wrick appears to be a measure of such gene ral interest to the commercial world, that w e presume the enclosed copy of it, publffiied here this flay, will be acceptable to you.” if t ttiCipicii Clciujes cf the Law rcjpefimg L abaca. Foreign tobacco cannot be introduced by land under penalty of connfcation as well •sos tne hones and carnages employed in tranfpo ting it* Itcan only be imported by fe?, in vessels of 100 rons and upwards, and into the ports Oi Odend, Dunkirk, Tlavre, Dieppe, ivToriaix, St. Maioes, L’Orient, Nantz, Rochelle, Bordeaux, Cette, and Marfciiles, unoer pain of confifcation of the merchan dize as w-ell as of the veffd. The importation of foreign tobacco on the •Oitn and eafl frontier can only be made bv one of the towns of Cologne, Mayence, and ; S eras burg, under tne fame penalties, as in the j proceeding. Foreign tobacco (hall continue to pay 33 fs. u. foreign (hips, and 22fs. in French (hips. Ihe tobacco may remain in entrepot dur mg ibtii months as oefore, without payment of duty. N o reduction in duties to be allowed on ac count of damage; but the damage, if any. is to be afeertained and the proprietors may -bdraft the parrs damaged to be burnt or ex ported, but without separating the (talk from the leaf. Tobacco in leai shall not be allowed with four leagues of the coast or frontiers, with out an acquite-a-caution on pain of confifca qon, ar. well as or the vehicle of tianfoorta tion and double the duty besides. The duty of 20s. (hall be eftablifned upon every species of fabricated tobacco, and that duty upon foreign (hall be paid upon the leaf wnea taken out of tne enrerpot There are *!fo regulations for the manufac tories, and for the officers appointed to fu- and for the tobacco of the growth of France. Frankfort, (KM October Extract of a later to the Eld tor, dated cennes, September 17 th, 1802. 1 have now to co:mnunic#Pe tlfl| pleasing refillt of our council wltfh tl Radians. Every objecT for which kye 9 golden*, so far as it relates to us, i< cm9j pie tel y obtained. They wifl attention and apparent pleasure, to plans proposed for their advancemeW in civilization. They all promised theifl firmed support in carrying the mea9 tires of the pnTident into die ft. t 9 governor Harrison’s perfeverence an 9 unremitted attention, its luccefsful ilil9 is jufllv to be alcribed. 9 “ the Indians have relinqnifticd to tl9 United states a beautiful fertile conntijH twenty-four leagues lqtiare—lt extenJ north and Couth, from Point Coupee t 9 the mouth of White river, and from 9 line drawn parallel to Ihe general cottrH or the Wabash, twelve miles to the wt 9 of this town, across towards the Ch 9 —lt is expefted it will extend to, <9 near the Illinois grant# They have granted the privilege of working tl9 great fait spring, on the saline#rive9 neai the Onio, with tour miles (quare land, including the spring, which w 9 aflord a plentiful supply, of fuel for thl ialt wonts tint will there be erefted--J It isunqueflionably the bell fait fprinJ that is pouched by the wellern couiil try. Arrangements will shortly txl made by government for the disposal of this tract of country ; and we may jullly felicitate ourfelvcs with the pleas> ing hope, that at no dirtant period, our wilderneflfes that are now travel led only by lavages and wild beads, will give way to wealthy populous settlements.” IV AS 11 INGT ON, Oslo her 25. i We learn that the Trench national fc ho oner finfant Prodique, from Guadl aloupe, which she left on the 2 6di tember, has put into A/ew-2ork for did purpose of delivering dispatches to tjJ address of Mr. Tichon, and that The proceeds immediately to France. The colonial perfect, Mr. Lefcallier, had, by an arrette, opened the colony to foreign vessels. The information re ceived by Mr# Pichon dates the colony to be in want of provificns 5 and eipeci ally fait beef and pork. General Lacrosse had been indallecl in the government by general Fichpanfe but only temporarily, toaffert the pow er of government. He was to give up the government in a (hort time to gen-’ eral ivichpanfe, and to proceed to ano ther defoliation affigntd him in thecolo nies ; but in consequence of of general Richpanfe, general LacrofM retains the government. Translation of a letter written by rear admiral Lacrosse captain general of Guadaloupe, to Mr. Pichon. Basseterre, 3?h Vendamaire, the ntb year (26 Seprember, 1802.) I have the honor to inform you, citi zen commiflary, that by a decision juft* taken by citizen Lefcrjlier, counfeilor of date, colonial prefeft at Guadaloupe, all the ports of this colony (hall in future be open, as formerly, to the American veffeis, and the exportation of colonial produce permitted on paying duties. ( signed J Lacrosse. PENNSYLVANIA ELECTION. For Governor Counties. IvTKean. Rffs. Montgomery, - 2,103 1,283 Delaware, - - 722a Chcfter, - * 2,320 1,92^ Luzerne, - 274 6SO Fayette, “ 1,290 424. or k, - - 1,364 45 5 Dauphin, - . • 3 c(> Northampton, - 3 >210 0 Backs, - 4,240 s;^ Philadelphia City, - 1,042 1 ci7 Philadelphia Cos. Maj. about - 2,003 Lancaftcr Cos. Maj. of- 700 22 >59 4 8,34^ 8,343 Republican Majority, - 14,251 This great majority will be confiderablf extended by the votes of the counties from which returns have not yet been The strength of the fedcralifts is nearly haufled in the above counties. We have noc the votes given for each reprelcntative: to cor gr efts, considering the votes gi\**ea