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ft x C. .-r—O g &;rfcSg4*;M& e iV,’w£e^^W<*f|T t£SJ$Ma m|||f Georgia Republican, STATE INTELLIGENCER. BY ~LtON and MOkStL. SAVANNAH, August 12* ISO3* The price of this papa , t wice a iVo*k u Six Dollars a year, payable dsalf yearly in advance, The -weekly piper h Four Dollar a year, payable quarter yearly ia advance. The Post-Master s in the stale of South Car YoliU'i and Georgia, are authorised (0 recei r o L subscriptions for this paper and for the Arne tic an IYttcrary Advertises', published by By on and Dinmorc, in Washington City. Subscrip tions for the Alexandria Expository by th e Save firm are requested dt this ojfce. Mr. George S. Houjlon , of Augttsta wilt receive money due either cj ihs above firms. igg*’" 1 ■. ■ 1 - - -~ r ™ Fcr tile Georgia Republican. Mejfrs. Lyon id Morse , Your developement of the Yazoo buftftefs, fever at weeks ago, introduces the name of a rtian concerned in that princely tranfakftion, now offering himfelf a Candidate for mem ber of Congrcls. His friends think a denial or exculpation of the allegation again!! him, ought to pre cede his elcdiioii; and as time for this, may be necessary : they mean to excuse his ser vices, and elett Mr. Joseph Bryan to Cun grefs this time. In the mean time, adigefl and full exculpation, and elucidation, of a lubjccl full of abomination, and meriting execration to the latest generation, are ex ported from the SkiJaway plantation, for the information of the nation. VOTER. European Politics. George 3d, in his capacity of eleiftor of Hanover, has issued his proclamation, Hat ing that he lhallobierve the ftriCteft neutra lity in the war between Englau . and France. But as they may receive a visit from the French, in consequence of their connection with England, he has sent his dearly beloved son, the Duke of Cambridge, to lhare their fortune, and commands the magitlrates to take a lift of all the inhabitants, ana to make them solemnly promise to defend their country, whenever, and tor as long, as it (hall be thought neediary. He has the utnioll reliance on their loyalty and courage, butifanyofthem flee in time of danger, they tliall, without hope of pardon, be cut otf from all they possess in Hanover, and ail inheritance therein, Query, WhatifDuky, should be among the fait to desert, (a fail ing of his family) and Query, what if “ our y * authority (hould happen to cease. Intelligence from the Hague to May 24, fays it is not their government which has or dered the airelt of Britilh fubjeCta in the Batavian Republic, but the French and in the name of the French government ; that the magistrates remonstrated against the aid, as contrary to the laws of nations, but were told that the laws of Buonaparte were the laws of nations—:\nd no other : That fe deral Engiilh merchants, from the fail's of Frankfort and Leipzig having taken France or Lolland in their return, are among the imprisoned : that Buonaparte’* plan is to exclude England from the continent, for which purpose he has offered to fubffdize Denmark and Sweden . That the roads to Germany are croudvd with Britilh aud their fugitives, feme of whom had reftded 1:1 Holland during the lad: war, but donot think proper to trull themselves in the hands of Buonaparte in thy present—that Buona parte had confifcated ail the Britilh proper ty in Holland, in the name of the French Republic—and that the consequence of all this, was 3 total llagnation of trade, public auid private embarrassments. The Fnglifti papers abuse Buonaparte in the severest terms for confining Englilh fubjecls and confifcating their property in order to indemnify the owners of lliips cap tured before the declaration of war. They add that Britilh fubjedts are to be ranfomea , until the objedl is accomplished. They attempt tojuftify hoftiluics before a decla ration of war ; and fay that in a contrary Buonaparte iias invented a law to iuit his own purpoles. We queilion the iouuducfs of tius politico. A committee of the stock exchange have reported that upon strict inquiry, they that no member of that liouiie was implicated in the fraud of the sth May, (that of forg ing a note in the name oLHawkcftmrv, I Hating the amicable conchyjm of the ne gotiation) but that perfonsOTyond their authority, have appeared in an unfavorable light, and that they have communicated the rduit cf their oaquime* to the Lord AT:jcr. |dt a meeting of the j u venue Lite- j RARV bOCIETY, iui tit) SsUgUJt, j 1603, RHolv<d, That the thanks of the society, be re turned Vr. Moriecai, for his eloquent and ingenious Oration in commemoration of the Amiiverfary. a..d copy of it berequeft td for publication. Kef iV’cd, That the Oration be publilhcd m the two Gazettes of our city ( GtLNfL EMLn, I rife to deliver, in conformity to your appointment, a dffcourfe adapted to the event for the celebration of which we have now aflembled. lam duly fen dole of the honor which you have, by that appointment, conferred upon me—The novelty of the occasion, as well as a sonfcioufnef# of inex perience, confrere ,to fill :rry mind with emo tions of diffidence \et they art, in ome measure, repressed from the knowledge 1 have of your candor, by which, I am per fudcd, you will be induce a to tfraxe every due allowance for my deficiencies. Encouraged by this con fide rat ion, I fltaff proceed to take a view of the ends for the attainment for which the juvenile Literary Society wa9 founded, aud which societies of this nature, are, fu eminently calculated to produce} a knowledge of these ends must insure is the approval of e very judicious perfen, and will, in itildf, form the higheit panegyrick, which can pofnbly he bellowed upon the members of the inflection. The (lift and moil obvious end, is im provement i:i eloquence, one of wnich is of tae inoil desirable nature, aud which can not tail to meet witn the approbation o f eve ry tightened mind ; for of ad the liberal arts eloquence is t ;c. moil utriul, of ah ac compliihments the moil / elegant, a id or all acquirements the moil honorable: Each of j theie pontious, I (hall endeavour to deimm -1 rate m taeif order. Fir'll, then, with refpedt to its utility, no person, I presume, can entertain a doubt. It is ui.-ful in all countries, Sc in every walk of hie. But here, where merit is one,if not the only road to efnee, where isthedoorsoftruit, of honor, and of pi\>!it, are equally open to all, where the humbled citizen may be de pute ito legislate for his country, and to guard her fa even and inalienable rights, tdo quenee must be particularly ufeful. V r e rind, indeed, as might be expected, that it has been in republics, that thegfeateff orators havefiouriffied. Toe immortal Tally , tho’ he unfortunately furvivdd for a ihort fpaee, the liberty of his country, washer or nament as an orator before Ihe was en(laved, Pericles, to whom the origin of true eloquence j has been aicribed, lived in the time of the commonwealth. That species of oratory for which he was diftinguiffie , has been Weil deferibed by the philoi’ophic biographer, * who observes, that 4 ‘ he acquci-ed not onl\ r a.u elevation ox fentfment, with a loftinefs aud purity of ilile far above that of ail former public spea kers, buta co 1 poled gravity of countenance, a clear and even tone of voice, an easy deportment, and a degree of mental iirmnefs which no vehemence of oratory could dii turb. Demosthenes affords a further proof or my aiTertion ; for Athens “ mother of arts and eloquence,” • was not yet ihe victim of Macedonian ambition, but (till enjoyed the ineflimable bLffing of freedom, when he composed those orations from winch he has derived Ueathkfs celebrity ; which, have, thro’ revolving and lucceffive ages, attracted the unqualiileid admiration of inardumli and which have been pronounced by a learned writer, tube, in hisopinlou, ; ‘‘the moil per fect of all human productions ” If it were necessary to add another in ftanee, I woitld direct your attention to the ’ Cungrefs of the United States. It is there that our own countrymen, upon fubjedts of equal dignity and importance, have display ed the powers of pe iuaiioii, in a degree not inferior to that of the Athenian orator him felt. This is a ciicumftance ti uly honora ble to our country, a c.rcu:nilance upon which we, as Americans, may reasonably pride ourselves, s..d upon which I beg leave to offer you my sincere felicitations. But, to return to my proper fubjecls. It is here, for the rtalons i liave merllioncd, that eloquence is particuiarlyufetui. I have likewise alferted that it is the moil elegant of all aeccmpiifhmems. And to this title it alfurediy has a claim. For there is no art more ornamenting to the pofleffor ; none which reflects upon character a brigh ter Litre. Can there be a more elegant, a more exalted, or more c.elightful ipeCtacle, than that of an orator, who at once, enter tains the eye, with the gracefulneis of ins gesture the ear, with the hannony of his voice,, and tlie intellect with the force of his rcafoning ; yvho irrefulahly seizes and com mands our attention, mules every noble paf iion and excites every elevated sentiment of the foul ; who prefeats to the imagination the molt beautiful images, and to the un derstanding the fcundeil and moll profound a gumentation. \ iewing oratory in this light, I think we may affirm, with strict juilice, that there is no embellishment so elegant. It is too, a* I have already observed, the motl honorable ot all acquirements, The principal causes which entitle it to this ap pellation, are the many eminent talents that are requiiite in order to attain it, and the dignified purposes to which it may be ap plied. For eloquence, to adopt the lan guage of an ingenious writer f “ is a great exertion of the human powers. It is the art of being periuative and commanding ; the art of not plcaiiag the fancy merely, but of Ypeaking both to the uuderftanding and the heart, oi intereding to the hearers to such a degree as to seize and carry them along with * Plutarth mi* Percies, f Mdio, 3 B’lir. I Hu*** 1 us, ard to leave themygith a strong and deep ImD.eC.on of heard. * from this defection of oratory, which ir, et pa illy just and beauriful, we may form tome, tho not adequate idea of me powers tuat necessary, in order to attain it ; and ma# fafely conclu ! e that it requires great abiftfclkMrUiiited to the great er application, and confequeutly be llow the highest honor upon the person who poffeifes it, even though it be not in a very tranfeendant degree. It follows then, uhrrifes eloquence is so ufe ful, clegihit and honv an institution by which it may be mull assuredly, be entitled to the highett degree of corn men atioth And that debating societies fiave is tendency to promote such improve ment, ii in my opinion, obvious. The rules of lhetoric, it is tuue, are to be rou’nd m books, but, by those rules alone, without the aid of practice, we can no more acquire the arts of persuasion, than c can the arts of painting or music, by barely flu dying heir principles. These rules may certainly afilft us, but it is gbiolutely necef lary that they fnould be combined with practice. lor without inch combination, it is in nomble to arrive at excellence. Tne communication of our thoughts, vwith ♦case and elegance, is an ef.ential requi iite of oratory. But this requiiite is only to be acquired by long a id frequent exerci ies in tne arts of computing and fpe<.king. Debating societies not only afford us fre quent opportunity :,but by roufingemulat ion, itimulate uo to the eXercife of these arts. They must therefore have a tendency to wards improving as in eloquence This then is owe of tiic ends which the Juvenile l iterary Society, is calculated to promote. —-Through a pleafiug path (he conducts us to this truly important object. Another, and no lets important end to be attained by this laudable ellablifhment, is a general advancement in knowledge. And that this toe, 13 an end of the moll detiru ble nature no one will pretend to doubt. The enlargement of the underilanding, by the attainment of truth, ought to be one of the prime objects of mr lives :— j -Fcr it is the indifpenliblc duty of every reafonabie creature, to improve tv.e bounties heaven —or, in other words, to ‘ameliorate those fa culties with which he iias been endued Dy tlie munificence of his cieator. It i n a du ty which lie owes not only to himfelf, but to his friends and ius country. Every mean therefore, by which such objecl can be pro moted, or its attainment accelerated, mutt oe highly ufeful. And that Literary Societies af ford ittch a mean,wilii'wircely, I prefume,be doubted. I fh.ill, however, endeavour to make it maniftft. ! In order to gain aright conception of things, it is effkntialiy necessary that we fhouid di-veil ourselves of prejudice, a>d guided only by the love of truth, seek every information by which *be mav be attained. We fhou.d not content ourselves with a mere fide glance, or diflant profperit ; but exa mine the iubjcils of oar enquiries in every point of view. -► e must place them, if I may so express myfelf, in alt the varieties of politiou, and survey them in all their differ ent relations Thiis it is, that we tliall ac quire Current ideas 01, a..d, thereby, be ena bled to reason and, judge refpeclifig them with the greatefi degree of certitude ; on the contrary, by a luperficiai examination : our knowledge will reicmbic that of the traveller, who has battened through every clime with the rapidfiy ora courier, with out itopping to enquire into, or to make innervations, either on its government, manners, foil or productions. But as the faculties ei man are finite, as his views are limited, the sale object will not itrike every mind m the cAme and in all ito various lights. Some will be impressed bv it m one way, and fome in another. To prove this we need only converfc With differ ent perfous upon the tame topic. For we lhall karcely nod two whole ideas upon it are precilcly similar. Hence arifea an im portant advantage from the mutual com munication of ideas ; and from debates upon uieiul quelticus—And ns ace we may inter that polemic societies afford a nrean by which our knowledge may be enlarged. Moreover, iocietics of this nature have ! maiideitfy, a tendency to excite emulation i wnich leads to indent;y and a vigorous exer tion of our powers, two things that are ab folutcly ncceilary in order toarrive at truth —for truth is not to be attained without labour. “ We are born,” to express rnyfclf in the words of the sagacious Locke, with faculties almost capable of any thing, such at ieait, as would carry us much farther than can be eafdy imagined, but it is only the exercise of tbefi. iacul ies that gives us lkill or ability in any thing, an,: leads us lo vvai da peifection.” This is a truth which I wish-to impress ltronglyon your minds. It deserves to be en graven in indelibk characters on the memori-s of all who arc emulons of iinprovmeiit & all who are ambitious of arriving at the ium mit of excellence. It (hould be the motto of the fUvdeat. He thould always bear it in hi mind It would-animate his labors and revive his drooping rcfiliations. If fortified with this principle, neither dußcul ties, nor intricacies would deter him from his puriuiu. They would only serve to redouble ids attention. And to convince us of the nectffity and force of cxercife, which is equally necessary for the mipd and body, we need only take a vi\y oFthe immense difference between an llleterate, & a well-educated man, between an uninformed and a well informed mind. Was it not for the similarity of form and features, one would scarcely fiq.pofe that they were beings of the lame natuie. Yet this wide difference ha*, ia probability, proceeded from tbiscaule A one, that, the one lias had his intellectual faculties improved and iireogthened by contiuual excicife, while the'other’s have been- fuffered to re tnayi in a ffate of &.9f*td***& Motivation. That the one by reading tad fluffy, avail ing himfelf of the experience of past ages, has lharpeneff and ameliorated all his mental energies, whilil the other, by a procedure diametrically oppohte, has blunted the pow ers of his foul, and loft that tone of mind which is neediary for mental exertion, an * confcquently improvement. Hence it :na r be true that many whose names are no lon ger remembered, who have funk into end less obfeurity, and many who now exhibit not the flight ell indication of genius, may have possessed, to speak on the animated Janguage of the poet “ the heart once preg nant with celestial fire, hands that the rod of empire might have swayed.” * Now, as debating societies, by executing emulation, lead to a vLo.ous exertion ot our powers, they must, for that reaUm. be highly ufeftlh Ir.dce ■ notiiing can be more admirably cdcul ued to excite a ge nerous ardor, to beget mduftry and applica tion, and to elicit the latent sparks of su perior ability, which he often hid in the bo som unti kindled by collision. Opposition quickens aud awakes the dor mant powers of the foul. In the clash of * minds, the ardor, the etheria/fire of genius, sis infa//ib/y e/icited. The heaven/y spark, I caught by ambition, is communicated from bread to bread,and spreads with the irre - fiflable rapidity of lightning. Hence, if eftablifhmcuts of this nature, were piocli:clive of tliat eftecl alone, they still would be entitled to the higheit praite ; this would dill be eminently ufeful—Upon this head.the language of penegyric might beexhauded without apprehending the ini putation of pimfufenefs- Another good effefl derived from lite rary societies is* that they render otfr re searches upon abftrui'e fubjedl* far more pleafiug than they would othervvife be, if pursued in private, without an aim t(> the immediate display of our knowledge. For such is the nature of theic two great fouices l of iliuitrious attions, emulation, and com- | petition, that they mfufe into the mind ! such a degree of enthusiasm, and cxeci e so (lively anintered for the aequifition of its I object, a., to ivndc‘ every mean egreeable j by which <1 may be acquired. I And it is principally, from their opera jtior. upwin these two principles, implanted in our breads for the wiled purpofts, that lke ra’ v societies derite their great utility. Upon the whole, this very refperitful and laudiabie inftitution,is calculated to improve us in eloquence* to enlarge our knowledge, j ilrengthen our reason, and render our litc jrary pursuits doubly plcXling. Through in avenue strewed withffowers, ihe conducts us to the hallowed temple of feiencc. Or, if I may be permitted to change tlie rneta iphor, file adds a zefl to the “Pierian Spring” ; whereby we drink of its sacred waters with [more than dual pleasure. j finch are the ends for which this society ) was eltabliihed, alt be vend a doubt defend ing’ of the highed commendation and each, of iff fuffieieut to inspire us with the mod enthusiastic Zeal for its support. There is another conlideration not un worthy of our attention, which has been touched upon bv a late president, in an a.l drefs to the iocittv, I rneaii that by fre quently meeting, in our usual manner, to difeufs u feful queflions, habits of intimacy will be formed between members, which may eventually terminate in friendfhip, that may prove a perennial source of fiuisfadiou. This is a conlideration w hich certainly merits ■ notice ; for there is not a more choice or valuable blefling than a real friend Having thus pointed out tlie ends which this, as well as debating focietes in general, have a tendency to produce, and having expatiated upon each of these ends, and ihewn their eminent utility, little inor • remains for me to do. I beg leave, liow evc, to make a few further obiervations. ink I would remark, that there art inft;totH)ii3 similar to ours in almost every state in the union, and in many parts of Europe, particularly Great-Britain, 2: country which has been produdtive of wri ters of the greatcfl eminence. Authors too, of the moil ditlinguifhed talents, have been members of such inflitatious. Wilpefis ‘U me, Robert foil s Lord Kai.r.s, aud along lift o: names who have by their productions done honour to human nat ike. The reason of making these remarks 1 need not express, it is no doubt manifelt. 1 (hall now draw to a conclusion—l hope and trull, it is mneceffary to export you to he zealous in support of an institution so laudable, so pregnant with benefit ; as its utihty must, in my opinion, be fitflicient to inspire you with the molt ardent dvfue for its preservation. At any rate, if the perception of its advantages is incapable off producing this effect, all that I could fay would, 1 am persuaded, be ufelela. But I feel allured you wiil give it every aid in your power. Should we now from the Want of fuffici ent zeal, fuffer it to and expire, (hould we contribute, by neglect, to blail the fair child of our laudable ambition, it would inevitably reflect upon us a degree of difgface, while, on the’ other hand, its continuance must redound to our honor. Permit me now to conclude with the ! wifli, in which I am fare you Will all cor dially join, that at ‘teach fuccctding anniver sary the Juvenile Literary Society, the beauteous offspring of our hopes, may he found improved and prosperous, that (he may quickly progrtfs to maturity, and long remain an honorable monument *f the thirit which the young men of Georgia have for the attainment of ufeful knowledge. * Gray. Difcription of Louisiana concluded. But to return to Louisiana.—The great efi objection to this fine country is, the dif ficulty of access to it. There is no river of any consequence, or port or harbor for (hips or vcflels, to the weft, ‘from- the mouths of the Mississippi to the ofcpe where the well boundary of CO r.m Mr, ’ confequeutly the only way to and tren* ihe’ ocean, mult be thraugb the ciann*:l o the Miftiifippi, upas far as tlie Rouge, or Red ►river, and thence up along that river to tliar highland in the Appalufa country, or Ne catoches, where the firll highland fit for ex- - teniive fcttlements is to be found. From the Balife or middle mouth of the Midi flip pi, which is the finp channel, up to the city of Ne\* Orleans, it is about one hundred milts ; from New’ Orleans, to Manchac, at the mouth of the Ibberville, which is the northern extremity of the island it is about one hundred miles more. From thence up the Mifiiflippi to the mouth of the river Rouge, it is about two hundred miles fui thtr, and from the mouth of the river Rouge to tlie tiril highland, it is cbnjetlured can iiol be m ich fho. t of another hundred miles. Finis you have betivceen four and five hun dred miles to afeend rivers with rapid cur rents, before you can step on the high grounds or country of Louisiana, fit for an ex ten live cultivation. Tiiis will evtr be a great objection to that country, and it is not improbable that when the full consul of France and his dounfeliors, came to be ac quainted with the difficulty of Colonifing tnk fine country not very generally known which is, that the whole ot the islands on disposed to give it up to America. There B anothercircumftancc at.ending this fine country, not very generally known which is, that the tirhole of the lands on the weft fide of the Mississippi, except a flip of one plantation deep,oppofitepartoftheifland of New-Orleans, and the lettlement at thr H Point Coupee, is a low funkeu country, al- Uiofl as far up as the Ohio ; great part of it is covered lot near four months in the year, with water from twenty to thirty feet deep, and extending nearly thirty miles back, from the edge of the river—vvniie, on the contrary, on the east llde, except heri: and there a few low places, is a high bold country. It is aero Is, there low ‘'round? on the weft fide, principally, that the vast quantity of surplus waters., which flow in to the Miffifliippi above, arc difeharged ; | the channel of that river alone, which is up |on an average hot more than three-fourths jof a mile wide, could not vent tlie i fiftieth part of those lurpius waters, if it was not conveyed over thTc low grounds through ten thou fund channels, towards Lake Barratia and other* Lakes, on the North-Coast of the Gulph of Mexico and ot. Barnard’s Bay, and others towards the confines of Mexico, which makes al the country to tlie weft and south of the Mississippi, a low unhabitable country for many hundred miles up and what is vvorfe, the labour of man cannot prevent it. It appears to me, therefore, that the ri ver Mifiiflippi is a rairably calculated to ■.mm a barrier or boundary qf the Ame rican empire , and the immense tradt of country newly acquired may long remain a waftc, which will prevent any other na tion from ever approaching the United States in that quarter, and may, by a judi cious arrangement with the southern Ind ians, be allotted to them for hunting giound3, in lieu of the countries they now possess in the heart o. the United States. Lenturies will pass away before the outlines of the United States will be filled up by a piogrelfire population and before it can be wife or politic in the American govern ment for iettlemeuts to be made to the weft of the Mississippi. Before 1 conclude, I have only to add, that both lides ot the Mississippi after tou enter the river, is a low marffiy full of (mail lakes, Sc c. for about feverify miles up, there the country on both fide 6 begins to rife on the banks of the river, so as to admit of final! fettiements four or five hundred yards deep vom the margin of the river. when you go upas far as what it called trie Engiifh Turn, nine miles below ! New-Orleans, the lauds are higher and ex tend farther back trom the river, and ca both ftdes are fine sugar plantations, under high cultivation, The lands Oil the iiland and the oppoiite ihore, continue to rile and to encreaie in breajt.n above New-Orlejsns ail the way to’ tne Ibbervilie. Fhegrcateft part of which, is covered with sugar and cotton planta tions, on the river, but I believe no where* exceeds one plantation deep, before yon, come into low grounds, which are coveredS with water when the i iver is up. When you pass the Ibbervilie you fee no more plantations on the weft fide, all is iow sunken land. But on the east it is a high sane country, with fettled plantation* continually 1 welling as you advance, all the. way from Manchack up to Baton Rouge, and from i tnte to Tbompfon's creek t and from Thompson’s creek up to tlie line* it is a charming high country. Nearly opposite this part of the country, the French settlement “of Point Coupee, j about ten leagues in length, on the w e ft | liqc, vvnich like the fetilement* below V.®. j the fame lide, extend only one plantation i deep from the ba k of* the river Ail | above Point Coupee, for hundreds of miTei l on the margin, is, as already observed a low sunken country. Up towards the mouths cf the Ohio and MiffitTippi, the country is high, on both i sides of the river Miffdfppi ; v and it will ever he easy and pra&icabie to- go across in to Louisiana ir. these latitudes when the government of the United States ‘hall think, proper to permit it. ‘ PORT of SAVANNAH. MARINE REGISTER.. ENTERED. Schooner’ Many, Euefiera, Jercmie. CLEARED. SJoap Ranger, Rjtu, Chsukftpni