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; NORTH AND THE SOUTH.
The following extracts from the
speech of Mr. Stephens, in reply to
Mr.MAVfc, contrasting Hit;moral, ns
well ns physical condition of the North
and the South, will be read with inter
est and profit by all :
“ Why is it that gentlemen object so
much to the introduction of slavery into
Kansas, if the people of that territory
desire it to go' there? When 1 made a
speech at the last session upon this sub
ject, I stated that 1 would vote fuf the
principle of allowing the people-of any
section of the country to come into the
Union and form institutions as they
please. This l said when I knew t here
might be twice as many people there
from the North as from the South, and
the chances of emigration would great
ly preponderate in favor of the North.
I am willing, now, to abide by that prin
ciple. I have no desire to deprive the
people of any State or Territory in our
common country of the right of adopt
ing such institutions for their govern
ment, when they become States, as they
please. It is nnti-Atnencan, and en
tirely at war with the spirit of the age,
about which we hear so much. I ask
why the people of any section of the
country should be prevented from adopt
ing the institutions of the South, if they
wish them ? Socially, morally, and po
litically, or in any aspect of the ques
tion, is there any reason for depriving
them of such right? Is it for the sake
of humanity that gentlemen are not wil
ling for the people of Kansas to assign
the African the same condition there
that he occupies in the South, if they
think it best to do so 7 Are gentlemen
willing to degrade their own race by not
permitting them to vote upon ma‘ters
relating to their own government, while
they are endeavoring to elevate the ne
gro to the standard of the white man?
You may degrade tlie white man, but
you cannot raise the negro to the level
you purpose. It is impossible. You have
to reveuie a law of nature first. Men
may indulge in philanthropic specula
tions as much as they please, but here
is the great immutable law of nature, and
they cannot avoid it. I am not here to
argue whether decrees of the Most
High are right, wise, and just. There
is a difference, a vast difference, estab
lished by the Creator between the dif
ferent races of men. For myself I be
lieve that He who made us all is just,
and that He made the white man as He
made him, and that He made the negro
as He made him—for wise and just pur
poses. Some vessels are made for hon
or and some for dishonor ; one star dif-
fereth from another star in magnitude
as well as in brilliancy. I believe, too,
that the system of government, as adopt
ed by the South, defining the status or
relation of these two races, is the best
for both of them ; and I am prepared to
argue that question with the gentleman,
here or anywhere. Take the negroes
in Indiana, take them in the North gen
erally, and compare their conditio;) with
-those of the South. Take them in Afri
ca ; take them anywhere on the face of
the habitable globe; and then take them
in the southern States, aud the negro
population of the South are better off,
better fed, better clothed, better provi
ded for, enjoy more happiness, and a
higher civilization, than the same race
lias ever enjoyed anywhere else on the
face of the world. Could Howard, the
philanthropist, who has left an undy
ing fame for his deeds of humanity have
taken the same number of vfricans from
their native country and raised them
from their barbarous ct edition to «tbat
of the slave of the South he would have
added much to that stature of immor
tality which in bis day he erected to
himself It would have greatly added
to that reputation, which now sanctifies
his memory in the hearts and affections
■of mankind.
Look at the three million of Africans
as you find them in the* South; and
where is the man so cold-Blooded, as
would wish to put them in the condition
that their forefathers were, or their kin
dred now are in Africa? What has
done so much fer these people but that
which is so much denounced by incon
siderate fanatics; men and women, too,
who find fault with what they know
nothing about ?
*£:• Again : take our negroes, and com
pare their condition with that of free
negroes of the North. 1 have' the result
of the Census returns before me, and
from that it appears that the increase of
free people of color in the United
States, from 1843 to IS5D, was only ten
and ninety-five hundredths per centum.
This shows that their, condition cannot
be very good, or desirable ; anti to this
increase is to be added, too, the fugitive
slaves, aud those who have been eman
cipated. With all these sources of in
crease, that increase has only been
«en and ninety-five hundredths per cen
tum.
Now itow is it with the slaves—the
down-trodden, the abused, the half
tv Their increas^du-
ring the .same period, was l«?enly-
eight and fifty eight hundredths. Is
there any such result to he presented at
the'North, where they are free a
1o themselves ! llow can yo.ur
it so much
>r slavery, with a population u
million, was several thousand
the State of Georgia, with a p
not so great, the similar c
less than qne hundred. I say,
on the sCdre of morals, ljlm ready to
compare tny State with that of Massa
chusetts, or any one of tke free States.
Where, then, is the moral Gurse which
arises from slavery?
A. few iacts in reference to physical
development I had occasion, some
time since, for another purpose than the
present, to look a little into the statistics
of Georgia", compared with those of oth
er Stales. I selected the State of Ohio,
because it was one of the most prosper
ous of ihe North—often styled, and,
perhaps, justly too, the giant of the
West. According to the census returns
in 1850, Ohio had of improved lands
9,851.403 acres—Georgia had only
0,373,479 ^crcs, the cash value of the
Georgia .land so improved and uuder
culture was £95,753,415, while thfe cash
value of the. Ohio lands was returned
at $358,858, 593—Ohio had nearly one
third more land in a state of improve
ment than Georgia had, and returned
at more than three times the cash value
of the Georgia lands. The whole popu
lation of Ohio was 1,90S,480, the whole
population of Georgia, white and black,
was 905,999. The population of Ohio,
therefore, was more than double that of
Georgia. Here we see her free labor
more than double in number, working,
one third more land, worth by valuation,
more thah three times that ol Georgia.
From these elements it might not be
surprising to see her agricultural pro
ducts greatly exceeding those of Georgia,
without resorting to the “ curse of slave
ry’’ to account for it. But how stand
the facts? Ohio produced the follow
ing articles:
Wheat, 14,4S7,351 bus. at 80cts. 811,580,830
Buckwheat, 683,060 bus. at40cts. 255.224
Indian corn, 59,078,695 bu. at SO, 17,723,608
live, 425,9fS bu. at 50, _ 212,959
Barley, 854.S58 bu. at 60, " 177,179
Oats, 13,172,742 bu. at 25, S,363,182
Peas and Beans, 60,168 bu. at 81, C0,10'3
frisk Potatoes,.5,057,769 bu. at 40 k 2,023,107
3 EVERYBODY",
vn that it isim-
but we
with a
our own per-
ig sug-
ATHENS, GA.
Thursday
0> — jVi;
MORNING, JAN. 1.1,
1855-
Sweet Potatoes, 187.991 bu. at 50, 93,993
Tobacco, 10,454,419 lbs. at 7c. 731,311
Cloverseed, 103.197 bu. at 84, 412,743
Flax, 446',932 lbs. at 10c. 44,693
Flaxseed, 188,880 bu. at 75c. 141,660
Maple engsr, 4,588,209 lbs. at 6c. 275,292
Molasses, 197,808-gal. at 85c, 69,057
Wine, 48,207 gal. 81, 48,207
Garden prod, returned in money value 214,004
Orchard “
695,921
Aggregate, __ 838,137,695
This list Includes nearly every agri
cultural product of the earth in that
State except hay, which is omitted, be
cause in Georgia there is no return for
fodder, which, in that State, answers
the same purpose o.f hay in Ohio, as
food for stock. The quantity of each
product produced is given from the cen
sus tables. The values run out are
such as are believed to be the usual
average values oF each article in that
State, except the products of garden and
orchards, which are taken from the table
—no other values are put upon the pro
ducts in the tables. The estimate above
stated, is believed to be a fair one.
Now let us take up the returns for Geor
gia and place upon them a like estimated
value. Here we have:
Td^We are indebted to the publisher
for a copy of Frank Leslie’s Ladies’
Gazette, of Paris, London and New
York Fashions.”. It is elegantly illus
trated with numerous engravings.and
pictorial embellishments, besides con
taining a large quantity of select read
ing matter. It will doubtless become a
great favorite among the ladies—to
whose attention we commend it. The
Gazette is published-monthly by Frank
Leslie, 0 John Street, New York, at £3
per annum.
Leonard Scott & Co’s Repullicaticns
of British Periodicals.
In our advertising columns will be
found the prospectus, for 1855, of Leo
nard Scott & Co’s Republications of
British Periodicals, as follows:
The London Quarterly (Conservative,)
The Edinburgh Review, (Whig,)
TheNorth Brit. Review(Free Church,)
The Westminster Review, (Liberal,)
Blackwood’sEdinburg Magazine (Tory)
Of the merits of these periodicals we
need not speak, as they enjoy a world
wide fame, and number among their
contributors the ablest writers iu Eu
rope.
TnE Great Red Dragon, or.the Mas
ter-Key to Popery,” published by
Samuel Jones, Boston, 1854.
We received by mail the other day a
very handsomely bound book bearing
the above title. It is the production of
Anthony Gavin, formerly a Roman
Catholic Priest of Saragossa, Spain
purports to be a showing up of the mys
teries and abominations of the “Mother
of Harlots,” and as such will no doubt
be interesting to Protestant readers.
“The Pride of Life, a Novel; by
Lady Scott, author of “The Henpeck
ed Husband.” New York ; H. Long
& Brother.
The above is a lively, chaste, agreeable
and well written story, of high moral
tone, and will doubtless be well receiv
ed by the lovers of.fiction. We believe
our booksellers have it for sale.
Wheat, 1,088,534 bus. at $1,
1,088,634
Indian corn, 30,080,099bus. at 5Qc. 15,040,049
Cotton, bales, 499,091 at 8c. 15,970,912
Rice, 83,950,691 lbs at 4q. 1,558,027
I’cas and Beaus, 1,(42,011 bu.nt$l, 1,142,011
S. Potatoes,'"6,986.423 bu. at 25c. 1,716,007
Irish Potatoes, 227,373 bu. at 50c. ll2,689
Oats, 3,820,014 bu. at 37 Jc, 1,432;516
Cane sugar, 1,612 hlnls. M. ibs. 6c. 98,520
Molasses, 216,150 gals, at 25c. 64,037
Orchard products of 92,766
Garden products of 76,500
Dr. A. A. Franklin Hill, (late of
the U. S. Navy) has become interested
in the publication and management o
the Southern Banner, the last number
of which contains his'salutatory, which
is very creditable. Dr. H. is, we believe
a native of this town —a young gentle
man c f promise—and wil! doubtless add
much to the interest of the paper.
Aggregate, $38,414,168
An amount so far from falling under
that c f Ohio as might have been expect
ed, actually exceeds it above a quarter
of a million, without extending ihe Geor
gia list to rye, barley, tobacco, and other
articles which ore produced in that
State. Away, then, with this prating
cry about slavery’s paralyzing the ener
gy of a people, and opposing the devel
opment of the resources of a country.
If I were to take the statistics of any
other State, and go through them in the
same way, I have no reason to doubt
that cn equally favorable result to Geor
gia would follow. I took the State of
Ohio, not as any disparagement to her,
but to show that even in the South,
where they say the soil is sterile, and
the population iuert, .and cursed with
slavery, as it is said to be, Georgia, with
one half the population, and only two
thirds of the value of the land, exceeds
in agricultural products by one quarter
ofa million of dollars, tbe.great triant of
the West.
Now, then; if the people of Kansas,
the people of Nebraska, or the people of
any oilier.portion of our territory, going
from old Massachusetts, goingftom New
York,. - or from Indiana, or from the
South, learning and consulting wisdom
from the -paA, and profiting by experi
ence from all parts of the Union, should
think it practically best for ihe happiness
of themselves and for their posterity in
the far distant future, to.adopt the so
cial institutions of Georgia iu preference
to those of Indians, if they prefer the
Tuitions of-the .'-South to those of the
, I say they, should not be deprived
5 -- to do it, and the gentleman
OP We learn from our Savannah ex
changes that the Journal & Courier
which was suspended during the pre
valence-of the yellow fever, has been
purchased by R. B. Hilton, Esq., who
will re-comn5ence its publication short
•y-
TOWN ELECTION.
The following Gentlemen were, on
Saturday last, elected Wardens of the
town of Athens for the present year:
lsl .Ward.—Willian L. Mitchell, J.
B. Carlton and Peter A. Summey.
2d Ward —C. Peeples and Wm. G.
Deloney.
'id Ward.—Col. L. Franklin a;id
John B. Cobb.
Josiah A. Browning was elected Mar
shal, and Robert Moore Deputy.
John W. Moon and D. A. McDaniel
were elected Constables for the town.
- We learn that upon the assembling of
the board in the afternoon, C. Peeples,
Esq., was unanimously re-elected Inten-
<!ant, and W. G. Delony was elected
Secretary and Treasurer.
The Intendant has appointed the fol
lowing standing committees for the en
suing year :
On Finance.—Messrs. Mitchell,Cobb
and Summey.'
On Police.—Messrs. Carkon, Frank
lin and Delony.
On Streets.—Messrs. Delony, Cobb
and Summey.
On Cemetery.— Messrs. Franklin,
Carlton and Mitchell;
Oh Public Buildings and 'Magazine.
—Messrs. Cohb, Franklin aud Mi
possible o*
Have he- a recer
feelings use of t
sonal eti iqjienc’e.
gested, fortnight ago, tlnit we ought to
write'id lire editorial, we determined to
“ sprea ourself” a little last week.—
[By th< way, we can’t conceive why he
should i 'ant more of it, as our paper or
dinarily contains as much or more (such
as it is) than any other. “ country paper”
we know of. | As torihe mere task ol
writing it, that is “ of no consequence, 1
as we had rather write ihe entire con
tents of the paper than make proper
selections, for it.] Having, however,
increased the quantity last week, in ac
cordance with our, friend’s advice, we
quietly awaited the result. One of the
first-persons we met on Thursday morn
ing inquired why we had omitted our
usual summary of “ matters and things
in generalanother \yished to know
why we did not publish more foreign
news'; another suggested that - a good
tdTe adds greatly to the interest of a pa
per; a fourth “ wondered” that we did
not publish more Congressional proceed
ings; a fifth very flatteringly remarked
that our last week’s issue was “ a fust-
rate paper.;” and several others have
since reiterated the same opinion.
While we feel duly sensible of the
kindness of our friends, and gladly en
tertain suggestions from any of them—
always reserving the right, however, to
adopt or reject-themes to us seemeth
best--wc would remind them that they
mayeaphand every one of them always
find something to approve in each issue
of our paper, although we cannot hope
that any very considerable number of
them will be pleased with everything in
it. That which pleases one man may
be offenrivj to another, so that it is im
possible to please every body. Although
all our post experience proves this to be
true, We shall still endeavor, by a faithful
and conscientious discharge of our
duty, to please as many .as we can. We
once heard a sensible “ hard-shell”
preacher remark that it was unfair to
judge of any man by a single week or
month of his life, but to lake ten years
of his existence as a sample, was the
only just mode of judging. We were
forcibly struck with the truth of this re
mark; and in applying it to our own
case, would beg our readers not to judge
us by a single number of our paper, but
by the wlr le year, and then each and
all may pjpbably find something to com
mend.
Speaking of giving and talcing advice
reminds us of “ a well known fable”
wh^always suggests itself to our mind
wheneverYve see or hear any thing on
the subject, and a3 all our readers may
not be familiar with it, we annex it—
hoping that they may all profit by it:
The Miller and ids Ass.—A mil
ler and his son were driving their ass to
a neighboring fair to sell him. They
bad not gone tar when they met with i:
troop of rude girls returning from the
town, talking and laughing.--
“ Look there!’’ cried one of them,
” l did you ever see such fools, to be trudg
ing along the road on foot, when they
might be riding!’’
The old naan, hearing this, quietly
hade his son get on the ass, anti walked
along merrily by the side of him. Pre
sently they came .up ton group of old
men in earnest debate.
“ There!’-’ said one of them, “ it
proves what I was a-saying. What re
spect is shown to old age in these days?
Do you see that idle young rogue riding,
while his old father has ;o walk ? Get
down, you scape-grace ! and Jet the old
man rest his weary limbs.”
Upon this the 'father made bis son dis
mount, and got up himself. In this
manner they had not proceeded far when
they met a company of women and chil
dren.
•‘ Why, you lazy old fellow!” cried
several tongues at oncV,“ hovQton yon
ride upon the beast, while that poor lit
tle lad there can hardly keep pace by the
side of you ” _ , >
The good-natured miller^Uod correct
ed, and immediately took up JnSrsen
behind lam. They had now ahnos
reached me town.
“ Pray, honest friend,” said n towns
man," “ is that ass your own.”
“ Yes,” says the old man.
BARNUM ON ADVERTISING.
Whatever may be said of Barnum as
a humbug, and all that sort of thing, his
success in life entitles his opinions in
regard to business affairs to great weight.
In an essay in liis Life, Written' by hm-
self, in regard to success n brr-iness, he
THE HARD TpiES.
A correspondent of tbe Chronicle &.
-Sentinel, in enumerating the causes of
the hard times, gives it as his opinio
that the prevailing indisposition to
gage in manual labor is one of the chii
causes of the hard times, and not only
GUANO,
jeted friend of Franklin
his inquiries iu relation
lays down advertising—extensive, regu
lar; systematic advertising—as one of
the essentials. Hear what he says :
}l Advertise your business. Do not
hide your light under a bushel. What
ever your occupation or calling may be,
if it needs support from tbe public, ad
vertise it thoroughly and efficiently, in
some shape or other, that will arrest
public attention. I freely confess that
what success I have had in my life may
fairly be attributed more to the public
press thanlo nearly all other causes com
bined. There may possibly be occupa
tions that do not require advertising,
but I cannot well conceive what they
are.,
“ Men in business will- sometimes
tell you that they have tried advertising,
and that it did not pay. This is only i
when advertising is done sparingly and
grudgingly. Homoeopathic doses of ad
vertising will net pay perhaps—it is
like half a potion of physic, making the
patient sick, but effecting nothing. Ad
minister liberally, and the cure will be
sure and permanent.
“ Some say, “ they cannot afford to
advertise ;” they mistake—they cannot
afford hot to advertise. In this country,
where everybody reeds the newspapers,
the man must have a thick skull who
. answ
, from the pi
friend, who is
' - - , • ,4
4 one of the very
in- the commu-
! of a much-
if extensive,
d most intel-
so, but one of the greatest evils of the jfgent planters m the State, and to whom
day. He is right. We have endeavor
ed to impress this upon our readers for
years past, and trust the.time is not
distant when public opinion will sustain
this doctrine.
The writer in the Chronicle says:
“An almost universal effort to live with
out manual labor, is, in my judgment,
the leading evil of this age. It has been
thought hy many that this was one of
the evils of slavery, and that it Was con
fined to the slave States; but every one
who has observed the state of things in
those communities where slavery does
not exist, must have been struck with
the fact that no native born American
is ever seen with spade in hand or hod
on shoulder. The Yankee is just as lit
tle inclined “toput his shoulder to the
wheel” as the “Southern blood.” The
result of this is an overcrop of mer
chants and professional men. Some be
coming hopeless of success in the call
ing they have selected, drop back upon
the faro box or the cotton gimblet—
never upon the plough handle or the hoe
helve, I submit to a candid public
whether these are not stubborn facts.
Now, so long as these things exist, the
communitv must be embarrassed, if not
does not see that these are the cheapest insolvent. A community is nothing
and best medium through which he can 1 more than a large family; and no one
speak to the public, where he is to find
his customers. Pat on the appearavxe
of business, and * generally the realty
will follow. The farmer plants his seed,
and while he is sleeping, his corn and
potatoes are growing. So with adver
tising. While you are sleeping, or eat
ing, or conversing with one set of cus
tomers, your advertisement is being read
by hundreds and thousands of persons
who never saw yon, nor heard of your
business, and never would, had it not
been for your advertisement appearing
in the nawspapers.
“ The business men .of this country
do not as a general thing, appreciate the
advantages of advertising thoroughly.—
Occasionally the public are aroused al:
witnessing the success of a Swaim, a
Brandreth, a Townsend, a Genin, or a
Root, and express astonishment at the
rapidity with which these gentlemen
acquire fortunes, not reflecting that the
same path is open to all who dare pursue
it. But it needs nerve and faith. The
former, to enable you to launch out
thousands on the uncertain waters of the
future ; the latter, to teach you that af
ter many days it shall surely return,
is so blind as not to see, if fifteen out
of twenty in a fa mily were to dress well
and do nothing, the other five would
always be in trouble to keep the family
in credit. A sufficient number of mer
chants and professional men are essenti
al, but every one you add beyond that
number is a drone in the hive. If spe
culation could produce food and raiment,
the evil would be avoided; but that it
can never do. It can give fictitious value
o property, and run a community mad
t—make a few wealthy, arid a vast num
ber insolvent—and there Us race ends.’ ’
we feel much indebted for his contribu
tion below. We hope to hear from him
frequently on other subjects.
Mr. Editor : In . a late number of
your valuable paper, you call upon some
of your farming friends to answer the
questions ol a subscriber, in regard to
the effects of Guano. My great
spect foryou, prompts me, tho’ illy quali
fied t-> do so, to attempt a compliance
with your request.
Lot me premise that my experience is
limited, and my experiments very im
perfect. The application of Guano to
wheat in this section, so far as my obser
vation lias extended, has, without an ex
ception, been productive of thi most fa
vourable "results. The mode of proceed
ing! mot highly approve is, to prepare
the ground intended for the reception of
the wheat, by a deep ploughing. After
which apply the Guano, at the rate of
not less than 200 lbs. to the acre—300
lbs. if the land be thin—then cover it up
with a turning plough. The wheat may
then be sown and covered with a harrow.
If cross-harrowed so much tbe better—
the ground will be more thoroughly pul
verised, and the stand of wheat more
even and regular. As • to the profitable
use of Guano in the cultivation of corn
and cottou, I have strong doubts. Spe
culations, I am aware, would be out of
place here; therefore, 1 will state facts.
When I first read of the extraordinary
properties of Guano, I was transported
with enthusiasm aud nearly believed the
Philosopher’s stone had at last been dio-
cuvercd. In the year 1853,1 used on
• \
VIRGINIA.
An animated political -campaign is
now in full blast in the Old Dominion,
which is exciting great interest through
out the country. Henry A. Wise, some
time a Whig, who, during the latter
days of Gen. Jackson’s administration
gained some celebrity by bullying poor
Reuben M. Whitney in a committee
room, but not a great while afterwards
turned renegade, is now the Democratic
candidate for Governor of that ancient
commonwealth. It is said that the
Know-Nothing -, who are believed to be
bringing an hundred or a thousand fold 1 rather numerous in that region,are v after
to him who appreciates ‘the advantages j Henry with a sharp stick,
of “ printer’s ink” properly applied.” : t h e aforesaid Henry still
Wonder if
recognizes
Whigs hy “the instinct of gentlemen ?”
It is thought by some that Wise will be
defeated. If it should turn out so, it
SINGULAR MISCONCEPTION..*
We learn through a communication
received from J-. J. Flournoy, Esq.; that; will be ihe most remarkable achieve-
he thinks the paragraph in our last pa-1 ment ever accomplished by the Know
per in regard to persons suspecting their - Noth ngs, as Virginia ir, more than any
neighbors of rascality, thereby offering J other State, perhaps, “joined to her
prima facie evidence that they them
selves \Vere unsound, was intended to
“ Oh ! one would not have thought so,” Ep*The women ofOtsego, Michigan,
said the other, “ by the way you load
him. : Why, you two fellows lire better
able to carry the poor beast than he
you!”
“ Any thing to please you,” said the
old man. “ We can but try.” So,
alighting with liis son, iliey tied the ass’s
legs together, and, by the help of a pole,
endeavoured to carry hint on their shoul
ders over a bridge that led to the town.
This was. so entertaining a right that
the people ran out in crowds to laugh at
it; till the ass, not liking the_-noise nor
kicked asunder the cords
im, and tumbling off the
i the river, ^
the old man. vexed and
the best of his way home
inced that by endeavoring to
'herhad pleased nobody,
bargain. .
urt of Rhode
e clause in
the
ho-
iict ion of liquor
apply to his advertisement in the same
issue ! ’ Nothing could hive been far
ther from our intention. We have al
ways regarded him as a remarkably
conscientious man ; and if we had en
tertained a contrary opinion, we should
not have expressed it in the newspaper.
Whenever we wish to charge a private
citizen of rascality, we will meet him
face to face to d > it. The par agraph in
question was not intended to apply to
~5fuiTiTr' particular^and so far
lending it for Mr. F. we h^d not
seen bis advertisement at the tiifie we
penned nor did we read it until the
paper went to press. We ivilh publish
his communicathm next week, however,
is a principle with us to let every
body be heard in self-defence, when they
even fancy they have been attacked.
lately armed themselves with axes, hat
chets, &c., and proceeded to demolish
all the groggeries in the place. One
fellow, who showed symptoms of resis
tance. was unmercifully mauled. If
not*“strong minded,” they must have
been at least “able bodied” women.
Check anger.—-We, prefer a quick
temper—“quick mad and quick-over”—
to a sullen one; but to anger of any des
cription it is dangerous to yield) and,
therefore, to all we say, "“Check your
anger.” Pause hefore you put into ex
ecution the deeds which it prompts. Re
flection is often a sure antidote for that
poison of the heart. The wisdom of the
wise men who govern nations concurs
in acknowledging the benefits of delibe
ration, even when’ the honor,- liberty,
and existence of nations is involved ;
hence the coldness and courtesy and te-
te which an tho- diu - nlof negotiations between powers,
’ WlUCl ‘ amh0 who. though they hotly bate each other;
still strive to maintain the ascendancy
of reason over passion.
idols.’
TOO HIGH! TOO HIGH!
Every body, except the owners of
slave?, must feel and know that the price
of slave labor and slave property at the
South is at present far too high, when
compared with the prices of everything
else. There must ere long be a great
change, and in the language of the ex
tract below, we advise parties interested
to “stand from under.”
Price of Labor at TnE North
and Soutii.—It is .strange that while
there rs such a decline in price of white
labor at the North, there continues to be
a scarcity of slave labor at tbe South,
where prices are exorbitantly high. The
last Norfolk Argus says;
“ In both town and count ry, servants of
different ages bring very high prices.
“Corn-field” hands readily command
8:50. In the city, cooks and house ser
vants are in great demand, the prices
being 850 to 875.’
The New York Express refers to a
late sale of slaves in Virginia, where a
woman, and a child eight months old,
brought 81,31.0, and saj's it is like the
ground,” and ■ must produce a redaction.
It adds:
‘•81,310 fora negro woman and child
gives an interest, at 7 percen'i, of 801 70
and this, with life insurance, 3 percent,,
839,30 taxes, doctors’ bills, and clothing
and food, must run up the cost of such a
negro to at least 8225 per annum. Now
we pay for our woman servants from 5 to
§7 per month—which averages only $72
per'annum. Children we would not
take with the woman if they were given
to us. The South cannot, then, it is
certain, stand for any length of time this
sort of competition in labor; and the .cost
of the negro slave must come down, de
cidedly down : and hence we give the
warning, ‘stand from under.”
- ;
Upwards of two thirds of the'mem
bers elect to the New York L
are in fipror of a prohibit
and as the new Gov ernor is
inea?, there is no doubt that t
law-wijl bo put in operation in
in the course of a few months.
my farm one ton and a half of Peruvian
Guano, which wai appl ed to corn and
cotton, in accordance with printed in
structions. The effect, so far from be
ing beneficial, was manifestly injurious.
Nothing daunted, however, and imputing •
the failure to an improper application of
the Guano, I purchased iu 1854. (last
year) two tons of the very best, with a
determination of giving it a full and
fair trial. The corn was dropped in the
furrow in the usual way, and on each
side, about one foot distant from the
corn, a gill of Guano was deposited.
Both corn and Guano were then cov
ered by running two furrows with a
Scooter, making what farmers call, a
list: The corn now made its appear- .
nnce and grew off rapidly, exhrfcil
that dark green appearance, so indi<
tire of health and s.gcr. It maintained
its superiority until the drought tel in.
Its vesdure thenl speedily, departed, and
was followed by a sickly whitish hue.
It failed more rapidly and produced less
than corn in the same field to which no
manure 1 ad been applied and which had
been cultivated in the same way. One
ton was appropriated to com—the other
was used about cotton, in the following
manner : A bag of Guano was emptied
on the fleer of a house, to prevent the
wind blowing it away, the lumps were
peunded up with mauls, previously made
for the purpose; to every two lbs. Guano
was added fifty lbs. of Farmer’s Plaster,
of the very best quality, and all stirred
up and mixed thoroughly.
The land was well prepared by deep
ploughing. The farrows were then op
ened, upon the bottom of which was scat
tered the compound, viz: 100 lbs. ol
guano, combined with 50 lbs. of plaster,
upon each aefe. Like the corn, it came
up promptly and boldly, presenting a
richer color and a broader and more lux
uriant foliage than I had ever noticed
before. This promising appearance was
retained until July. A sad reverse then
betel it. The fo.ms and young bolls,
which were numberless, nearly all drop
ped from tbe stalk iii a much larger pro-
poriion than from contiguous cotton,
which was unmanured. The sequel was,
that the yield was less per acre than any
cotton on my farm. This untoward re
sult will no doubt be charged upon the
drought. This, no doubt, had an agency.
I promised not to indulge in speculations,
but if" you will pardon the expression of
an opinion, inferential from the facts reci
ted, I will say, that guano, being an ex
ceedingly volatile substance, it is to be
feared that its qualities of fertilization.
However combined, arc evaporated, be
fore the arrival of the period at which
corn and cotton stand most in need of its .
aid. Guano is a powerful stimulant.':— 4
May it not be, that by undue stimulation,
which subsides-too soon, it leaves the soil
in a condition too much exhausted and
too inert to furnish the nourishment re
quired by tlfe^o plants ? In the vegeta-
tde, as in the animal kingdom, over-ex
citement is always succeeded by a pro
portionate depression.
I have written the above, Mr. Editor,
in great distrust of tny Own judgment.-—
As you will perceive, the light of my ex
perience has been djm, indeed. My ob
ject is not to instruct, but to warn. Tho*
open to conviction, my present belief is,
t hat guano does not possess the properties
claimed for it; and thus believing, I
should be recreant to duty, did I refrain
from uttering a dilution to my .brother
farmers against an investmont of their
moiiey, from which a profitable return
cannot reasonably be expected. \
• farmer^:
—At a public school exmniiuittc
one of tbe visiting commit
the class the 'meaning of- wards,
answered welj until he gape -fi
It went dowu the class until it-t
simple little urchin, who looker
Ishly knowing and said ; ’It utnv
licit.'
I