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wU v T : .,n t* .4} v <::j eds (j-n 1 ond ot ,t '-••'•=^ t> ;irm ■ t, tLiM ■*. • - v .f! v !«i»3.«if| bat’ j-rvihiq ift - ; "- . ; t, /Kr~ 1 ~ 1 1 . . fOBLISllED. WEEKLY, BY JOHN H. CHRISTY, EDITOR A*U fROr«IETOR. . ik .ita* »? x v :■ ». ' .L ,,u > T .V Term* of Subscription. i l 8f MWl f MR ' !! ‘- t - KrH oalsrtfeattinpiiN *f tlie pap«i m*y tiothein !Kr=®er JSIX COPIES for _ IS •• tot luautiw Cuii ’..vri tie trier. Advert 1.1 »k [UkWlMfwMtliunnM willbeiMMted at Om ilUrf««9uaro/M;lliaflni.KndFiri>Ueiit8persqtian . .. ...JSInf tl l.f.lSS'i'.tSffirs? dSa&rB^iifiirstsftTiir^ja j|4pliceof4ifc|ly. ■f ,CALIFORNIA L1R1C8. TBS HIHEX’s LAMENT., High on n rough and dismal crag, , Where Kean might say, “Ay, there *”Tlie Where oft, uo doubt, some midnight hag Had danced ajig with Beelzebub—- There stood, beneath the pale moonlight', A nliuer grim,-with vo-agelong, Who "vexed the drowsy ear of Night’’ With dreadful rhyme ind dismal song. -TCWT '!> ... MsBifiimlliitfo He sang: “I hare no harp nor lute Tosouud the stern decrees of fate; I once possessed a two-holed flute, But that I sold to raise a stake. Thetqwake thy strain, my a i tLtlafaflto’fi gift :hccricketr..fiom their lairs l wood and mountain ring again, nd terrify the gristly bears. tbe Store of Wilson fc yeal. * tSEORQtJt. Jan3 P1TNER & ENGLAND. Wbulesaleb.Retail Dealers'! n Groceries, Dry Goods, HARD WARE, SHOES AXD BOOTS, April* ArnExs, Ga. clark & carter. DEALER* IN Family Groceries and Provisions. ; At D.N. Judeon’s old stand, Broad, street, Athens, Ga. MOORE & CARLTON, > DEALERS IN SILK, FANCY AND STAPLE GOODS, HARDWARE AND CROCKERY. April No. 3, Granite Raw, Athens,Ga. LUCAS & BILLUPS, , WHOLESALE AXD RETAIL. DEALERS IX DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, HARDWARR.4c. Jtc. No. 2, Broad Street, Athens. My home is on a distant shore, Aly gentle love is far away. •>. She t .earns njjt that my clothes are tore,, , And all besmeared with dirty clay. She little knows howmuchof late, Amid those dark and dismal scenes. I’ve straggled with an adverse Fate, Acd lived, oh Le’rd 1 on pork and beaus.' Oh, that bean would "never grow, 'IVfling iU shadow u’er my heart, Hy tears of grief i}re hard to flow. But foed like this most make them gfw »fr : The good «dd times have passed away. And all things now are strange and new All «nde my shirt and n-ofcsers gray, , Three •'ockin.-sand one cownhide sl oe, ? r ’j OI>! give me back tlie days of ybrfe. Ami all those bright though fading scenes, Connected with that happy tJior*. " here turkeys grow and ciadis nnd greens lliose days tbatsaijk. long peeks ago, Deep in the solemn olden time. And left-no trace that-man may-know, Save trowsers nil patched up behind, . Aid boots all worn, aud .>ft’rfb all torn. * .Or botched with mog Aotrngeous stitches,. Oh. give me back the days of yore, And my best go-to-meeting breeches 1 30I1N II. CHRISTY, PI AIX AXD FAXCY Book nnd Job Printer, “Franklin Job Ofioe.” Athens. Ga. % til work entrusted in hi* carsfaiililully..correctly Mid paactaally eiecmert, at jirire* rnrnvpoml- 'rlie limes J*sIS iagwMiihslMcdan«*fib«l WILLIAM N. WHITE, \ , vaouuu and retail BOOKSELLER AND STATiWKtt, A AdXivjp operand Magazine Agent. HEALER IN MUSIC nnd MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS LAMPS, FINE CUTLERT, FANCY COOKS. AC. N*. S, Cullen Avenue, Newmn llnu.e, Athens, Oa ■iERPf “ White’* University ‘took Store.” Orders promptly filled at Augusta rates. SUMMEY k JONES, A THR Ll\kG/INDlANT^AGfDy ' The following graphic description of the dentil of the braver Fontanel!*, chief of the Omaha*. ip a w>g|e handed conflict with a hand of Sioux, we, copy from the Missouri Democrat. It w the-afore inter- eating on account t»f having occurred very recently t a 'j . 7 was a noble fellow, nnd in this Inst mortal conflict he despatched'several of the enemy to the spirit land before, to herald the coming of his own soul. He fought long, desperately, and with great i-ffect; but numbers Anally overcame him, and bra -life departed through a hundred wounds. DEALERS IN GROCERIES. HARDWARE, STAPLE- DRYGOODS, STOVES, IRON. CAST INGS. CROCKERY-WARE, Ac, Corner of Broad and Wall streets, Athens, Ga. August 16. 1856. II. JONKS. r. A. Sl’UMEY. —. #L_k . : l_ JAMES M. ROYAL, HARSKS8 MAKKBi H AS removed his shop to Mitchell’s old Tavern, one door east of Grady A Nich olson’s—where he keeps always on haud a pmeral assortment of article* in bisline, and uatways ready to fillordersiothe best style. Jan 26 tf COLT & COLBERT, ♦ DEALERS IN STAPLE DRY GOODS .GROCERIES AND HARDWARE. No. 9 Granite Row...... Athens, Ga •JAMES i. COLT. | WJI. C. COLBERT. August fl, 1863. <• T. BISHOP & SON, Wholesale and Retail Gocers, April 6 No. I, Broad street, Athens. they knew it was for the bole purpose of leading them off from the party whose encampment they had first discovered. Logan saw them going round with glaring ton**, and understood their object, and know that his only chance o safety was in immediate flight towards his home ; and lie f«Mmr knew that by the. time they could their way to their place of MartingSbid find thn trail that his own peopIe®«d taken, they would be beyond thei ’* d vine Sioux, in the mea ed into smaller bands, ti Was to return and AUNT AND DEAF jge.tea WIFE. . ... I had an aunt coming to visit me for the first time since my. marriage, and I don’t know what evil orenius nmmni..i don t know what evil genius prompted , laugh, that all gravity was upset, nnd we the wickedness which 1 perpetrated screamed*iu concert. /. towards my wife and my ancient rela-1 I know it was very wrong, and aH .that tlve ' , ! to tell such falsehoods; but I think that My -dear, said I to my wife, on the Mrs. Opts herself would have laughed day before mv mint’s arrival << .nn if abo hurt com, A,,»* — - • ■ ch of danger, ile, had divid- rgest of which . pursul the Omaha:;, and the others to endeavor to capture the one limy liad They knew IBtlie must be an Omaha, and that he would either go.funher and kindle an- oUier watch-fire, or start for his nation “ . straight line; and therefore one party went on a little further, and the others spread out towards the Omaha country, for the purpose of intercepting him.. Logan pressed forward as Tasl as his jaded Meed could bear him, until be thought he had entirely eluded them, but as the/flky- dawned, to bis horror and djsmay.hesaw his pursuers blo-e upon his track. He turned his couse for a ravine, which he distinguished at a-dis tance, covered whh trees :‘i nd under growth. He succeeded in reacliibg it wubiu its vergo he met an Iadi- * n pfyl dipping water from the spring.— She r as startled', and about to cry for help, when lie hastily assured her * that he .needed pietection and assistance.^- With the true instinct of a nobler woman. *»ppreefatcd bis.situation in an instant. *7 all’her sympaihies were with him. She directed him to dismount and go‘ to a small natural bower to which she point ed bim^jn the ^erge of the woods, while *ho would mount his horse and lead his pursuers away. He obeyed her, and sl.e mounted his horse, and dashing on iu a serpt-ntine way through the woods, leaviug niarks along the bushes by .whiclislie could be traced; The pur.-uer eo R9 folfoyed - When, she bad gone' d|»tauce down the branch she rode into the water and followed its descend ing coarse for'q few steps, malting her horse touch ii» side and leave footprints then turtivd up the stream and ; rode sjbpvp the place at which she entered it, ivuliout leaving a trace, find back Vo where Logan wa9 coUeewled,.bShf1ohl hinMo mount and m J aunt’s arrival, you if she had seen Aunt Mary’s exptessioh kn ?, W T r Dt 1* coming to-inorrow, when she was inforned that Aer hearing well, I forgot to mention a rather anuoy- — 1 ” * rather anuoy mg circumstance with regard to her. |\he’s very deaf; and although-she can hear my voice, to which she is'accus- tomed, in its ordinary tones, ROMANCE OF MAGNETISM. Eugene Guizot gives us an inci den will K_ , 'i --■«=» -I.awljllt Pwuiaa life, -which he regard- ns ill Older tr f to S:,eak extremely loud romantic,-and which is at least amus- in oider tc be heard. It will be rather who inconvenient, but I know you will do everything in your power to make her stay agreeable. Mrs. S. announced her determina tion to make herself heard ble, I then went to John T- loves a jok e about as well as any person 1 know of, and told him ' to be at the house at 6 P. M, on the'following even ing, and felt comparatively happy. I went to the railroad depot with a carriage next night, and^vhen I was on my way home with \my aunt, I said—. My dear aunt, there is one rather annoying infirmity that Anna (his wife) has, which I. forgot to mention before. She’s very deaf, and although she can heai. my voice, to which she is accus tomed, in its‘ordinary tones, yet;ou will be obliged tospeuk extremely loud, in order to be heard. I am vefy sory for it, ' • •' . - • Aunt Mary, in the’ goodness of her heart, protested, that she rather liked speaking loud j and to do so would afford her great pleasure. The carriage drove up—on the steps wan my wife—in the .window was John -, with a face as utterly solemn as if be had buried all his relatives that Logan Fontanel)**, chief of the Oma- t , has just been s!*ia and coalped ml upFwrk, bynbamlof Sioirx. Logan »P9V:d away, while bis puivuerstwere ge- , W. W. LUMPKIN, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Athens, Ga. Wm* 4 Practice iu all the counties of the We*UrnCircuit. Particular attention Pt<-« to collecting. Office on Broad street, over WUte k Moss’ store. Jan 81 w. L. MARLER, attorney at law. Jefferaoa* . Jackson County, Ga. "* Mw»rs. McLcsIer a Hunter Thompson. E*qe., Jefferson; D. Z- J * Pcc P^’ Ksqs- I*w. ••dJM PeeplBBi Baq. Sir £■*■»*; Shensi Law & Clarke la 17 r *l‘‘ m ’ Bsq *’ Galoe » Till *‘ W, G. DELONY. JJTORHEY AT LAW, WILL give hii.pecial atUnUun to collect- titled !a’i ,d ^ ®l*itns of atl persons en- SSto J 4 *'*?$*•****•*•• the late SJ y nif n * Bi,lo, ‘ hel “ t Congress, i TM°f2n" Bt?ad Stre6t ° Ver the 8 -* A»wh 16-1865-1f. C- W. & H. R. J. LONG, ATHENS, Ga. SLOAN & OATMAN, ..... tnirfijM ... It'llU1U, A m < ) icon ^"twilTnu 1 ! rn * a " <1 Vilse ‘ | ; MurL-le i^^sasia^- , He died a martyr to his people, ‘ind his name *hould be carved upon fame’*, brightest tablet He was on his annual hunt with ’ his nation. A number of his lodges'were pitched upon the plains near Loup Fork/ As a young warrior one day rode around the adjacent hills, Ue espied .a powerful band of Sioux encamped along a stream in a sequestered vale. He hastened to inform Logan of the propinquity and power of their natural foe. Logan or dered bis people to back immediately,- nnd proceed in a straight line, >vitli all speed, for home, when he would remain behind, and divert ihe Sioux by false 1 camp fires and other devices, from ft direct pursuit of them. This was about twilight The people got under way as quickly as possible', but not too soon ; lor scarcely had they turned a highland when several Sioux warrioi s cfpteinsight nnd discovered the place of .their recent encampment. They examined it found that the Omahas had been theft, aftd they then, returned to notify their chief and bring an adequate force to pursue and slaughter them. * Logan, from a hiding place, saw nil and knew that no time was to beulost in drawing their attention from ihe trail which they .would soon discover and fol low ; and, mounting bis horse, be dashed a way at foil speed across (lie prairie, at right angles with the route his tribe had taken, and strut* a fire about eight miles distant, oil an eminence where the Sioux could distinctly see it. He had scarcely done so before a powerful band were on the spot be and liis people had just left, and who without stopping to distinguish the trail, started for the fire which ihey saw rising against the clear, blue sky, and ivhere' they expected in'another md. ment to imbrue their hands in the gore.' of their unguarded victims. But Logan had not been unwary. As soon as the fire was lighted, he again mounted *nd rod j eight or ten miles further, and kin dled another fire just as they reached the first. This rather bewildered them- They dismounted and examined tbp store ground. Logan anticipating ibis. i 1Hl l trotted and Walked his horse around * it, so as to make the appearance upon the grass of treading of a dozen horses.; and this drew them into the belief that a small body had lingered behind and kin- ,D8 died this fire, and then gone to where they could see tbe new fire burning; and so they followed with renewed avidity. The same thing happened as before, rrt Logan had gone,.' and another fire met their astonished gaze, while the. same sort of foot prints were about the one around which they were now gathend. Their suspicions were now awaken, d.— They examined the ground more closely, both far and near, discovered that a soli tary horseman had deceived them; md ingin a contrary direct ion\ibwo the ravine He did so, snd got a long distance out of sight, nnd again lhauglu birpsejf out of the reach of danger, when in a valley just i^. front df him* lie saw fifty braves coming Xrp tlie hill tn meet him. They were: some of those who were returning fit>in the pursuit of hi* people. He mbanged-liis direction and tried to escape, but hir poof hor e was 'oo much exhaust/ edfto hear him with sufl)c< ht speed.— With.saxage yells they .plunged their rowels into theii horses’ sides and gained u|ioii him. As the foremost approach- ad will'iiti good shouting distance Ldgah turned suddenly and sent a bullet through his brain..; Then loaded as he galloped on, he soon made another bite the dust a and then another, atnj another, four wer, strewn along the plain.. Just then, how ever, as he was again reloading, his liorse stumbled and fell’.’ nnd the band rushed upon him before; he had weH re- coyereil from the shock. He was. shot; with bullets and arrows,and gashed with totnahaxVks, and piercbd with lances; noTwitfotandihg'all which he rose amid bis foes, and with Ills - clubbed rifle and hunting knife, lie piled around .him five prostrate bodies, and fell with his back upon their corpses, and expired still fight ing. He was scalped, Aid hundred* of warriohs held a great war dance ovefr Inta.' Thus Logan Fontanelle departed, and his noole spirit was followed to the. spirit land by the sighs and lamentations of his nation and the.' sympathies and aspira lions of the brave of every land. How the Modest Man was Mista ken.-—The Lowell Courier is respon-i ble for the following v In a neighboring city, at Thackeray’s lecture, a few evenings since, a young gentleman—the most modest man of his sex, and no less polite than modest, was sitting in a pew raiber remote from the Ifoht. A pretty lady was sitting next to°him. Looking on the floor during the lecture; he espied what he thought was the lady's handkerchief,the lace-’.rimmed bd»e just visible from under her dress.— Turning to his pewmate, he gallantly whispered, «you\ e dropped your hand- kerchief, madam ! w and b fore she could risply, he proceeded to pick it up. Hor ror! he had seized the edge ot her pet f fr-v* and did not discover l.is mistake until the top of a gaiter stared him in the lace, and the faint sound ot laugh just nipped in the bud bjfthe ap plication of a real handkerchief, warned his of his mistake. ? Pbancy bis pheel- up Moral.—Don’t attempt to pick anything with lace to it befo.e you know what it is. DEAF I know not what the. end would have been, if John, in his. endeavors to appear respectful and sympathetic, had not given vent.tosuch a groan and a horse was defeotive, mg. Special Message m HMW Kausas reference to 'fairs. TaTHE SENATE AND HOUSE OF junv-14 “The Danish Sound Does —A Paris letter, published in the New York Com mercial Advertiser, stales that Sucre/ tary Marcy’s circular in regard to the Danish Sound Dues gives great satis- faction, and tbe difficulty is regarded as settled upon the basis of that docu ment; afternoon. I handed ofat my, annt—she ascended thejsteps. • 4p Jipm delighted to see you,” shrieked ;iny wife, and the policeman on the op posite sidewalk started aud my aunt nearly fell down ihe steps, f Riss me, my dear,” howled my aunt; and the hall lamp clattered, and the windows shook as with the fever and ague. I loolyd at., ihe window— John bad disappeared. Human nature could stand it no longer, I poked my head into the carriage, and went to strong convulsions. When I entered the parlor my wife was helping Aunt Mary to take off her hat and cape; aMd there sat John with his face. Suddenly, ** Did you have a pleasant journey T’ Went off iny wife Tike a pistol, and John nearly jumped to his feet. Rather dusty,” was the response in a war-whoop, and so the -conversation coBtinaed. The ueigbbors fur blocks around must have heard it; ; when 1 was in the third story of the building I heard ever) r & ’• In the course 6! the evening my aunt took occasion io say to me— “ How loud your wile spjpak?, don’t it hurt her !” * I told her all deaf persons talked ( oudly, and that my wife, being used to it, was not affected by the exertion, and that aunt Mary was getting along very nicely with her. Presently my wife said, softly— . “ Ah, how very loud your aunt talks.” Yes," said I, “ all deaf persons do.— You’re getting along' with her finely ; she' hears every word you say.” And l rather think she did. Elated by their success at being un derstood, they went at it hammer and topgs, till everything on the mantle-piece clattered again, and I was seriously afraid of a crowd collecting in Irontuf the house. : But the end was near. My aunt be ing of an investigating turn of mind, was desirous of finding out whether the exertion of talking so loud was hotdn- jurious to my wife.' So— ” Doesn’t talking so loud strain your lungs t” said she, in an unearthly whoop, for her voice was not as musical as it was when she was young. It is an exertion,” shrieked my wife. ’ “ Then why do you. do it?” was the answering scream. Because—because—you can’t hear if I don’t,” squealed my wife. What?” said mj aunt, fairly rival ing a railroad whistle ihia time. I began to think it timeto evacuate the premises; and looking round and seeing John gone, I stepped into the buck parlor and there he lay, flat on his back, with his feet at right angles to his body, rolling from side to side, with bis face poked into his ribs and a most agonizing expression of countenance, but not uttering a sound. I immediate ly and involuntarily assumed a similar attitude,- and I think that Irons the re lative position of our feet.and head, and in our attempts to restrain our laughter, appop'exy must have inevitably ensued, if a horrible groan, which John gave vent to in h;s endeavor io suppress his risability, had not betrayed our hiding- place. — In rushes my wife and my aunt, who | by this time, *o nprehendeiJ the joke, and such a scolding as l then got 1 ■ever got before, and I hope never to get again,- . The scene is laid in the pavilion at tached to-a country house' in the neigh borhood of the great city; the time at few minutesof H P. M. Mans. Armand awaits with impatience Madame X. with whom he has arranged an interview at that hour, quite innocently, but less prudish people should not so regard it, quite secret. Close to the appointed time Mons. Armand hears footstep* ? It is the lady? The door opens f He stands stupefied in the presence of the husband. Mons.. X. has returned from"P»ris, and deem ing it too late to awaken the sleepers of the house, comes to share the room of his friend iu the pavilion. Tbe conversation between the lover (shall we call him so ?) and the husband is amusing, and as the hour approaches the perplexity of tlie former increases. His agitation leads him to the most in consistent remarks, and tlie most inex plicable questions. ' • “What is the matter with you ?’ asks tbe husband. “Noibiag at all.” ■ --*1 discompose you—how strangely you- look! Have I interrupted some thing serious ?” • * . The lover stands, with bis ban Is pres sed upon a little table, weak and ner vous with agitation. “Ah!” exclaims the husband, “I see, you were about to try an experiment in table turning I’* .* The suggestion saves the lover. Grad ually recovering, he admits tbe fact. The whole public was then in a rage of table turning, aad The most marvelous effects were attributed to the mysterious, pro cess. 'JL2J .1 V. .VI i. -'T . “Yes,” exclaims Mons. Armand. “1 admit.it. You smile at me. You doubt. Shall I- prove to you^ by an exhibition of true science, one of those miracles of magnetism of which I speak! Will you close your eyes to the evidence of facts!” “No, I ask nothing better than an ac tual proof.” •‘You shall have it. My will can traverse space and overawe distance. Name some one at the chateau, and I will summon him .here in a moment .■shall it be your aunt ?" “Oh, no! she is too old, and the ex periment would ruin us.” •‘Your wife, then." “Very well-my wife.” Mons. Armand, with an air of intense thought, leans on the table, and inwardly exerts bis magnetic will. In a few moment* Madame X. enters and perceives her husband, stands mute, pale, with dilated eyes and outstretched arms, and an air of stupor wholly un affected. a “Prodigious 1”. -exclaims the- hus band. .. . . . ,1 “Hu^b—silence,”, says the magne- tiser.” -s ■-. “Do not awake her. Do you, at last, admit the power of magnetism?' Do you acknowledge.The mysjer/ ’of sdm nambulism and the magnetic-currents ?” “I am indeed convinced,” murmured the astonished husband. Fearful of awakening the somnam bulist tlie magnetiser forbids the hu band to speak or to approach; and with a few words nnd gestures willed her de parture, and the sleeping medium walks off - ' j. We will not pursue the story further. All learned a lesson by the experiment and the husband was thereafter a firm believer in animal magnetism. REPRESENTATIVES: .Circumstances have occurred to dis turb the course of governmental organi zation in the Territory of Kansas, anil produce there a condition of things which renders it incumbent on me to call your attention to the subject, and urgently to recommend the adoption by you of such measures of legislation as the grave exigencies df the case appear to require. -- -• . --f » -A brief.'exposition Of the circumstan ces referred to, and of their causes, will . be necessary to the full understanding of the recommendations whieh it is proposed to submit:' 1 f The act to organiie the Territories of Nebraska fin'd Kansas w>,s a manifesta tion of (he legislative opinions of Con gress on two great points of constitution^ al construct'.on, or e,< h it the designa tion of the boundaries of a new Terri tory, and provision for its political or- mmwm partly of the unjustifiable inlerfci e: !C«; : * jk of the inhabitants of some of the Staten, foreign by rt-sidence, interests, and; rights'tCthe Territory, r The Governor of the Territory r.f* Kansas, commissioned, as before Mutedfe on the 29th ofJlme, I854vdid riofreac . the designated .seat of his government, unril the 7th of the ensuing Oetpber ; and even . then failed to make the (ir.-i step in iis legal organizatidp—-that of cl- -V dering the census or enuaieratioif of its ■ inhabitanU—until sn Ut* a day ibut election of the mcnjbeis of the legisUt- tive a-sembly did aot lake plaewuntHthe ~ ! ’ 30th of Mjjj-yib go ihaVlo “ year alier tlio territory was constitul by t ie act of Congress and the officers to be appointed by the Federal Exec;:- tive ; had been coniitlissihned, it was; without a comp’etd goverhment, witUpuk any legislative authority, without local law, and of course, without theorilUiary., guarantees of peace and public order. In other respects, the governor, in^ stead of exercising constant vigijance' and putting .forth all his.energies% pre^' vent or counteract the tendencies t<> “dj i-' -It A Gem From an Old Book has been eloquently and truly said that if Christianity were compelled to flee from the mansions of-tite great, the academies of philosophers, the halls of the legisla tors, oc tbe throngs of busy men, we shoul^ nnd her last retreat with women at the fireside. Her last audience would be the children gathering round the knee of a mother; the last sacrifice, the secret prayer, escaping in silence fron her lips, and heard perhaps only at the throne of God. • • =' * • When we are young, we are slavish ly employed in procuring aometbing whereby we may live comfortably when we groMfoId; and when we are old, we perceive it is too late to live as we pro posed. ; So saulffi learned author 100 years ago. And is the world any wiser yet? Not much, if any. It is still the grab game all over. ’• Get money if you can, honestly. At. all, events—get money!” Preoy lesson this, with all our would be moral principles blushing around, our. necks. But these we cons ti iye to hide in our pockets, and 9f.ly parade them at church on Sunday. The poet talks something about “ Man’s inhumanity to man.” How pious we go it at church, too! But let us not despair —the world is on the raendj however slow; fall within the powers of the General Government; and the other, that the inhabitants of any sucb Territory ^con sidered as ait inchoate State are entitled in tl:q exercise of self" government, to determine'for themselves what shall be their own domestic institutions, subject only to the Constitution and the laws duty enneted by Congress under it, and to'the power'of tbe existing States to decide according to the provision and principles of the' Constitution at what time the Territory shall be received as a Stale into the Union. Such are the great political righfs which are solemnly declared and affirmed by that act. Based upon this theory, the act of Congress defined ' for each Territory the outlines of republican government, distributing public authority among lawfully- created agehts—executive, judicial, and legislative—to be. appoint ed either by the General Government or by the Territory. The legislative functions were intrusted to. a council and a house of representatives duly elected nnd empowered to enact all the local laws which they might deem es sential to their prosperity, happiness, land goo’d government. Acting in the same spirit, Congress also defined the persons who were in the first instance to be considered as the people of each Territory; enacting that every free whi'e male inhabitant of the same above the age of twenty-one years, being an actual resident thereof, and possessing the qualifications hereafter described should be entitled to vote at the firsi election and be eligible to any office within the Territory ; but that the quali fications of voters and holding office at atl subsequent elections should be such ns might be prescribed by the legislative assembly : Provided, however, that the right of suffrage and of holding office should be exercised only by citizens of the United States, and those who should have declared on oath their intention to become such, and have taken an oath to support the Constitution of the United States and the provisions of the act. And provided further, that, no officer, soldier, seaman or marine, or other person inthe array or navy of the United States, or attached to troops in their service, should be allowed- to Vote or hold office in either Territory by reason of being-on service therein. Such oFthe p'ublicofficers of the Terri tores as. by the provisions of the act. were to bo appointed by the General Government, including the governors, were appointed and commissioned in due season; the law having been enacted on the 30th of May, 1654, and the co.tit- mission of the Gdverntfi- of the Terri tory of Nebraska being dated on the 2d day of August, 1854, and of the Terri tory of Kansas on the 29th day of June 1854 -H Among the duties imposed by the act on the governor, was that or directing and superintending the political organi ze on of the respective Territories. The Governor of Kansas was required to cause a census or enumeration of the inhabitartts ami qualified' voters of the several* counties and districts of the Territory to bfe taken by such persons and in such mode as he might designate and appoint; to appoint and direct the time and places of holding the first elec tions, and the manner of conducting them, both as to the persons to superin tend such.ele^tions and the returns thereof; to declare the number of the members nf the council and house of representatives for each county or dis trict; to declare what persons might ap pear to be duly elected : and to appoint the time and place of the first meeting of tbe legislative assembly. Iu sub stance, the same duties were devolved on the Governor of Nebraska. . While, by this act, the principle'-'of the constitution for «ach of the Terri tories was one and the same, and the details of the organic legislation regard ing both were as nearly as could be identical, and while the Territory of Nebraska was tranquilly and success fully organized in the due course oflaw, and its first legislative assembly met on the 16th ol January, 1855, the Urbani zation of Kausas was long delayed, and has been atietded with serious ddfimi lies and embarrassments, partly the con imperfectly-organized and newly-ns: ciated communities, allowed his atten-. tion to be diverted from official obhga^ lion by other objects, and himself sef an* example of the violation of law-in the; performance of acts, which rendered it tny duly,.in the sequel, to remove him: from the office of chief executive magis^ trate' uf the Territory. . Before thp requisite preparation waV accomplished for tbe election of. a terri-’ torial legislature, an election of delegate to Congress had been held in the Terri*' tory on the 29th day of November, 185 and the delegate took his seat in the' House of- Representatives without chal lenge. fff arrangements had been per fected jbijr tiife governor, so that the elec-' tion of members of the legislative as sembly might be held in the several-' precincts at the same time as for delegate' to Congress, any question appertaihihg' to the'qualification of the person^ voting ' as the people of the Territory would have passed necessarily and at orise- under the supervision of Congress; as the judge of the raBdily of’ the return of- » the delegate, anil' would have been de-; termined beft,re-conflictingpassionk hhd become inflamed, by tin*?, and before opportunity could have been afforded for systematic interference of tbe people of . individual States! This interference, in «o far asTf con cerns its primary causes and its imme-’ diate commencement, was one of tho incidents of its pernicious agitation on the subject of the condition of the color- e 1 persons held to service in some of the States, which has so longdisturheiLthe. 1 repose of onr country, and excited in dividuals, otherwise patriotic and law abiding, to toil with misdirected’ zeatin' the attempt to propagate their social theories by the perversion and abfrse of the powers of Congress, The persons and the parties whom the tenor of tlie act to organize the. Territories ofNe-' braska and Kansas thwarted in the en deavor to impose, through the agency of Congress, their particular views of social- organization on the people of the future new States, now perceiving that the policy of leaving the inhabitants of .each- State to judge for tbemselvse in this-’- • respect was ineradicably rooted in the convictions of the people of the Union, then had recourse in the pursuit' of theii 1 general object, to the extraOrdinary measure of a propagandist colonizatiorA of the Territory of Kansas, to prevent' the free and natural action of. its inha bitants in its internal. organization and thus, ro anticipate or to forde the deter-' minaiion of that question in this inchoate- State. !# With such views, associations were-' organized in some ol the States, and.their purposes were proclaimed -through the press in language extremely irritating and 1 offensive to those of whom' the colonists' were to become the neighbors. Those' designs and acts Ir.uj the necessary con^ sequence to av\a $n emotions of intense indignation in States near to'the Territo-' ry of Kansas ahd especially in the adjoin ing Stattyof Missouri, whose domestic peace waff hat the most directly i-nlan- gered; but they are far from justifying the illegal and reprehensible counter- movements which enaueiL - tvjfcjit- Under those inauspicious circumstances- - the primary elections for members of the legislative assembly were held, in the most, if not all,- of the' prf.cinbls at the time and tne places, and Hy trim person^ designated and appointed by the'GoV-- enur according to law. Angry accusations that illegal votes' had been polled, abounded on all side-*; and imputations were made both of fraucl and violence. But the Governor,in the exercise of the powe'r, and the discharge' of the duty conferred and imposed by the law on him alone, officially received and considered the returns ; declared » large majority of the members of the council and the Ifonse of represent.. tives‘‘"duly electedwithheld certifi cates froin' others' because of al'eged illegility of votes; appoin ed a new e'ection to supply tbe place of the per- ,sons not certified ; and tints at length; in all the formt of statute, and with his official authentication, complete legality was given to the first legislative assembly of the Terri tory; Those decisions of the returning officers and $f the governor are final. •qneuce of local mal-administratiou, andf except that, by tho parliamentary usage