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JOHN Editor and Proprietor, Ah Independent family Journal---Devoted to News, Politics and Current Literature. VIT. ATHENS, G--A.. 'l l I l USDAY, 2STOV. fhf Jotifhctn i, y (f ilif brgtat wi Cbeaprst Papers in tb Slate!! TFRMS. ONLY TWO DOLLARS A-YEAR, pniJ in ailfauee; i>thrnrin>, Three lk.ll<tn. y„ paper will bo disoontimicj (except At tbo option „f the editor) until nil arrearage! are paid. advertising. T,-at advertisement* inserted at the usual r ites. Transient ndveri’jements, when not marked, will be ,,.licked till t' rbid. at One Dollar per square of 9 lines _ a c:re. f. i_ x. first, and Fifty Cents por square for ench aubse- ruert insertion* t \ liberal deduction tn yearly advertisers. ,*-A inoaiiCeiaenU of candidates 95. iu advance. ..j*Obitiinry notices exceeding six lines in length p{,,, charged a* advertisements. business ;raV professional Cnrbs. A A. FU AN KLIN HILL, Attor- XEY AT LAW, Athena, Ga. Offico over the Wia. N. White. Novi I;.,,].-’ *re A w. A, hardware, crockery, china and Broad Street. Athena,(la. tf 4 turns steam company.- A H. NICKERSON. Avcntand Superintendent.— y,r.nfiriurora of Circular 8aw M ills, Steam En- Forein* and billing l'UMl’S. SltitTlXC and \| ( , iim'Rv; Miu.. (Jut and all other kinds of OEAR- jy,i 11,ox and Bttass Castimos. of every description. .Mini INtl, Repairing and Finialiing promptly exe- ‘. i. Sclwt patterns of Iron Fencing. Terms, cash. / I B. LOMBARD, Dentist, Athens \_y ; » Rooms i in llrii k building North of tho Poat Of- (\iResre Avonne. tf r\ \Y.& II. li. J. LONG, Wholesale and Retail DRUtKJISTS, Athens, On. D R. W M. KIN G, Homoeopathic PHYSICIAN, offers his professional services to ttn-eitrwmi of Athens and vicinity. Residence, at Mrs. Uartim’s. Office, corner of Clayton and Tb 'mas Sts. M u jo. isofl. ly _ . J. W. HALLAM, rillflAKIST of Emanuel Cbnrabf Athens, will srive VJ watniaion In ORGAN, PIANO and VOCAb MU- Thorongh instruction, even in the cultivation of the voice, in Opera, Omteria, or Ballad Singing. ChUdT^ ° rde ” “*** bo Uft * l »>«« 'lore of Mr. A. K. Oct. ST. Metropolitan M ashing Machine. ORADY, NICHOLSON, k CO. warranted to give satisfaction. They are [June l#-tf NEW CARRIAGE MAKING __ ARB Establishment. OOY AL A DAVENPORT would respectfully inform A - their friends and public generally, that they have opened a New Carnage making establishment in the bnildmg on tlie corner of Wall and Clavton Streets, nearly opposite Oio old State Bank, where they are pnj pared to supply their friends with Carris-cs, Buggies, Rockaways, Ac., upon as good terms aa they can be bought elsewhere, and of the very best style of work manship. They are, also, prepared to do repairin'- in • workman-like -manner, and at fair prices. Mr. D. is an experienced Painter, and will have that branch of the business under hi* special supervision. BLACK SMITHING.—Their Blacksmith shop is lo cated on the corner of Thomas and Strong streets, where horse-shoeing and other Blacksmith work will be done in very superior style and at moderate prices. Bobeht E. Davenport. Jakes M. Rotal. Jan. 6, 1660-tf Boot and Shoe Making. N W. HAUDRUP would respectfully inform his • friends and the public generally, that he is now manufacturing at his establishment, on the North-west corner of College Avenue and Clayton street every de scription of fine Boots—such as fine pump-soled Drees Boots, stitched Dress Bouts, Heavy double-soled Boots, ‘Fc.—-made of the very best and finest material that can bo had, and all work warranted to be as good as any manufactured in the place. Thankful for past patronage, he will endeavor to merit, and hopes to receive a liberal share of custom. Athens, Jan. 12, 1860-]y. D ({. CAN DLKR, Attorney at Law, • having located permanently at Homer, Baukr , iimy, 0a., will practice in the counties of Banks,Jack- « Halt. Habersham and Franklin. Occupying acen- irsl —"hi m in suid county, all business entrusted to his oov will receive immediate attention. All commnaica- linni should be addressed to Homer, Bnnks co. apotf his own manufacture, at reduced prices-—consisting of Carriages, Buggies, Rockaways, &c. Orders fur anything in bis lino will be thaukfnlly re ceived and promptly executed. Repairing done at short notice and on reasonable terms. Jasunrv 1-tf I' a tail Dealers in DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, HARDWARE, Ac., No. 2. Broad Street, Athens. p L. McCLEvSKEY, M.D., having IJ. permanently located in Athens, will continue ins practice of Medicine and Surgery. Residence, that recently occupied l»y Mr. Chase—Office, at home, where lip stsv he found. , tf H A. LOWR ANCE, Surgeon Den- > TIST, Athens, Oa. Office on College A venue, 9 .icwelrv store of Messrs. Talmadgo A Winn. H GILLELAND, Dentist, Wat. • kiusville, Ua., ri »p> of the surrounding .country. 1- ei.cn in his profession. resjiectfully solicits tho patron- ountry. Full satisfaction will tf T M. KENNEY, (next door to the A# Rank ,if Athens.) constantly keeps on hand 8TA- l‘U: and FANCY DRY GOODS, nr. 2 Choice Family i.rm crhs. cheap for cash, or to prompt customers. T M. MATTHEWS, Attorney at »/ e l.AW, DanieterUlo, Ga. May 1. TOIIN H. CHRISTY, Plain and M Fancy BOOK AND JOB PRINTER, Broad St., Albans. On.’ Office comer Broad and Wall streets, over trp,rc of Sonsotn A I’ittard. tf TAMES A. CARLTON. Dealer in ^ J Silk, Fancy and Staple DRY GOODS, Hardware r'<) Crockery, No, 3, Granite Row, Athens. I W. HANCOCK, Attorney at tf • LAW, Daniclsville, Ga., will practice in Jack- HHi. Clarke, Madison, Hart. Oglethorpe and Elbert. [ W. REAVES & CO., Wholesale D • and Retail Dealers in GROCERIES, DRY DOORS, CROCKERY, HARDWARE, Ac. No. 15,under Kmc.Vliu House. Broad street. Athens, Ga. tf T F. O' KELLEY, Photograph and ** • AMBUOTYPE ARTIST. Rooms on Broad and Spring Unset*, over the atoro of John R. Matthews, Atbtns. Ga. MnrS-tf TAS. M. ROYAL, Haniess-Maker, ** (head ofWall stroot, noariy opposite the old State r.«nk) Atlioas, (la., kejps always on band a general iis- mriment of articles iu his Hue, and is always ready to Hi ordure in the best style. tf Coach-Making and Repairing. James B. Burpee, At the old stand of R. S. ScTicvenelJ, of- -fers for sale a’lot of superior articles of NOTICE. H AVING associated Witii me, in the Watch and Jewelry Business Mr. George A. Homer, wc shall keep constantly on hand, a fine selection of the latest styles. The hnsiness will be conducted under the name and stvle of A. K. Chiuds k Co. Jan.’ 12,—tf A. K. CniLDS. DO YOU WANT A GOOD Portrait? P ORTRAITS of every sise and style, is Oil, Pastel oy Water Colors, painted on th e most moderate terms, from life, or copied from Ambrotypes. Old paintings retouched and cleaned. Parties attended either at their own houses or at the studio corner of Claytou and Jackson Sts., over Mr. Bur pee's Carriage Factory. 528- An early call is requested. H. BAMBRICK. Ambrotypes, Melainotypes, PHOTOGRAPHS, And everything connected with the Photographic art, ex ecuted iu the best style, and at the lewestprices. Am- lirutypcs from fifty cents up. A large site, colored, for one dollar. C Call and sec, at the above address. . .% 1S«0. F. O’FARRELL. HERRING’S PATENT Champion-fire and Burglar-Proof SAFES, BHim IfaD's Patent-Proof LOCKS, the same that OCR NATIONAL AFFAIRS. GREAT AND PATRIOTIC SPEECH OF Hon, ALEX. H. STEPHENS, At Milledgeville, on the 14th November, 18G0. [Reported expressly for the “Southern Re corder,” by A. E. Marshall.] Mr. Stephens entered the Hall at the 7 P, M., und was greeted with long He rose and and raptnrous appkmte. said: ipnear before you f Me were awarded separate Medals at the World’s Fair, London, 1852, and are the only American Safes that were awarded Medals at the London World's Fsir. These safes form tlie most perfect security against Fire and Burglars of any Safes ever offered to the pub lic. We will deliver these Safes at tho Depot, in Athens, at Manufacturer's Prices, with Freight added, aud war rant them to give complete satisfaction in every respect. For further information, inquire of A. M. WYNG k CO.. Feb. 22r2m Agent*. T K. DAVIS, Land Broker, Collec a TOR and GENERAL AGENT, Augusta, Ga.- >s attended to in any county of tho State, of J ackpon and EUis streets. Offico T P. M A SON & CO., Bookbinders, d * l> ;ir . r Ruler* ami Blank Book Manufacturers. Whitehall i-ircet, AtlanUi, Ga. J.:1I. Cuhistv, Agent, Athens. Ga. JuJyJB-ly YICIIOLSON, Reaves & Wynn, Wholesale and Retail Dealers ii> STAPLE and fancy goods, groceries, hardware, Crock- *7, Ac., large new Brick Store, corner Bridge and Broad Flir t,. Ailu-iis. Ga. If SIDE-WHEEL STEAM-SHIPS. S4YAXXAH ROITE TO HEW-YORK. Great Beduotion in Bates of Passage! New Arrangement or Through Tickets, To and from New-Vo k. Now Orleans, Middle, Montgomery, Columbus, Albany, Macou, $39 Jf Mcmphia, $31 75 25 00 NashvUlo, 27 73 25 00 Chattanooga, 25 0O 21 00 Knoxville, 25 00 23 00 Atlanta, 21 00 20 00 Augtuto, 17 50 pATMAN & SUM MEY, Dealers in A H ARDWARE and CUTLERY, corner of Broad “id Wall *tr.*•'*, Athens. Ga. tf pITNER*. ENGLAND & PREE- A M AX. Wholesale and Retail Dcabrs in GP.OCE- DRY GOODS, HARDWARE, SHOES <s BOOTS, bn a t Mia-!. Athens, Go. tf 1 ) BARRY. Fashionable Boot and S1I0K-MAKER. Broad street, Athens, Ga., is “iwr.v; in readines* to fill orders in his line. K)PE BARROW, Attorney at Law, Athens, G,>. Office over While', Ilnokstorc. r V BISHOP & SON. Wholesale and j- • Retail Dealers in GROCERIES. HARDWARE »’"t STAPLR DRY GOODS. No. 1. Broad st., Athens. r |^ W. WA LK ER, Attorney at Law, ^ Arbeuf, On. Offire over the new Jowclry Store '• MantL viHo, BroHtl street. Ta YLOR & LUM PKIN, (College *- A van no, Athena. Go.) Dealers in Sugar, Coffee, Jt-lar***, Synipi, Sait. Baoen. Lard, Wines, Brandies, : and Tobarru, aud every variety of article usually t' l'l ia the Grocery line. if ^VLMADr.E, STAiHc"& iims~ ■Di-alrr.- in Watolics, Clocks, Jewelry. Guns. Pis- f 1,1 lineCallcrv, Musics’ Instrninrnts, Sheet Music, a-.., - -- U' l'mcr <*f College Avenue and Clayton st., Athens, Y 0 U YTTER, Resident Dentist, Athens, Ga. Rio.mson lirvad street: entranoe «_** dour to Imiraoce Office. Fab23-tf Mr* . F.crr.« L. MARLER, Attorney at LAW, Jefferson, Jackiou county, Ga. W. S, M. MvLesler and 1 . Thompson, Including Omnibus Pare in Savannah and other con necting Points. Baggage chocked through by the Manhattan Express Company at Montgomery, and on the Central Rail Road Cars, and delivered anywhere in New York or vicinity, By the SjMiJ ami epmmodiws Side fl'ht*l Steamships. AUGUST A, 1,500 Tons, Captsin M. S. Woodbull. FLORIDA. 1,500 “ “ Isaac Crowell. ALABAMA, 1,5C0 “ “ G-R.Schenek. Leaving Savannah every Saturday, carrying the U.S Mail. These 6 team ships belong to the Old Established and favorite line known as the New-York k Savannah Steamship and Navigation Company, and were built expressly for this line: they are commanded by expe rienced,’skillful, careful, and polite officers; and in norominodation* and the figre can not be excelled by •uv vessels on tlie coast. -/ *-r- Through Tickets,tiro sold by connecting Rail Road Ticket Agents. / JNO. Jl- WILDER A GALLIE, Agents, Bay Street, Savannah, S. L. MITCniLL & SON, Agents, 13 Broadway, New-York. June 7. I860.—If. E offer for sale the above standard brand of ^e^Copj u^jjDIq at Jill to ourselves. r Distilled Malted Rye Whiskey, in A* it is of our own distillation, and high* f po, half barrels. , ly improved by age. wo confidently recommend it as tho rjcuaay and best Whiskey, t)iat can possibly be dis tilled. Wc also offer our ____ Old Family Rye Whiskey, aud other brands, from tlie largest stock of Fiuo Whis kies ill the United States. FREEMAN A SIMPSON, Phtcnix Distillery, On tbo Schuylkill River, Philadelphia, Officr, % IV.U.I. Stkkxt. Nkw York ; and 109 Sot-Tit Fuoxr Strsbt., Pim.ihci.rniA. April 5.1860-1 y Fellow-Citizens ;—I a to-night at the request of Members of'tlie Legislature and others, to speak of mat ters of the deepest interest that can possi- sibly concern ub all of an earthly character. There is nothing, no question” or subject connected with this life tiiat concerns a free people so intimately as that of the go vernment under whMi they live. We are now, indeed, surrounded by evils. Never since 1 entered upon the public stage, has the country beep so environed with diffi culties and dangers that threatened the public peace and the very existence of so ciety as now. I do not now appear before you at my own instance. It is not to gr.it- iiy an}- desire of my own that I am here. Had I consulted 1113- own ease' and pleas ure, I should not be before 3-011; but bo- licving that it is the dut3 r of every good cit izen to give his counsels and views when- cA-er the countiy is in danger, as to the best policy to be pursued, I am here. For these reasons and these only do I bespeak a calm, patient and attentive hearing. Jly ohjeet is not to stir up strife, but to alia; it; not to appeal to your passions, but to \’Our reason, (iood governments can never be built up or sustained b3 T the impulse of passion. I wish to address m\-- self to 3’our good sense, to your good judg ment, arid if after hearing, 3-oti disagree, let us agrec to disagree, and part as wo cr ' met. friends. Wo all have the same ob ject, tho same interest. That people should disagree in republican governments upon questions of public policy, is natural. That men should disagree upon all matters con nected with human investigation, whether relating to science or human conduct, is natural. Hence, in free governments, par ties will arise. But a free people should express their different opinions with liber ality and charity; with no acrimony to wards those of their fellows when honestly and sincere^* given. These arc m3’ feel ings to-night. Lot us, therefore, reason together, It is not my purpose to nay aught to wound the feelings of any indi vidual who 1003- be prbsentt and if in the ardency with which I shall express my opinions, I shall say anything which may be deemed too strong, let it be set down to the zeal with which I advocate my own convictions. There is with mo no inten tion to irritate or offend. Fellow-citizens, we are all launched in the same barque, we are all in the same trail in the wide political ocean—tlie same destiny awaits us all for weal or for woe. We have been launched in tho good old ship that has been upon the waves for three quarters of a ceutnry, which has been in many tempests and storms, has many- times been in piril, and patriots have often fear ed that they should have to give it up, yea, had at times almost given it up, but still tho gallant ship is afloat; though new storms now howl around us, and the tem pest beats heavily against us, I say’ to y r ou don’t give up the ship ^ don't abandon her yet. If she can possibly be preserved, and onr rights, interests and security be main tained, the object is worth the effort. Lot us not, on account of disappointment and chagrin at the reverse of an election, give up ail as lost, out let us see what Can be done to prevent a wreck. (Some one said the ship has holes in her.) And there may be leaks in her, but let us stop them if we can; many a stout old ship has been saved with richest cargo, alter many- leaks, and it may bo so now. (Cheers.) I do not, on this occasion, intend to en ter into the history of the reasons or catises of tho embarrassments which press so hea vily upon ns all at this time. In justice to myself, however, I must barely state upon this point, that I do think much of it de pended upon ourselves. The consternation that has come upon the people is the result of a sectional election ot a President of the United States, one whose opinions and avowed principles arc in antagonism to our interests and rights, and we believe if carried out, would subvert the Constitu tion under which we now livo. Bnt are we entirely- blameless in this matter, my’ countrymen ? I give it to you as my opin ion, that but for the policy tho Southern people pursued, this fearful result would not have occurred. Mr. Lincoln has been elected, I doubt not, by a miuority- of the people of the United States. What will do the extent of that minority, we do not yet know, but the disclosure, wlien made, will show, I think, that a majority of the constitutional, conservative voters of the country- were against him; and had the South stood firmly in tho Convention at Charleston, on her old platform of princi ples of Non-Intervention, there is, in my mind, but little doubt that whoever might have been the candidate of the National Democratic party’ would have been elected by as large a majority- as that which elect ed Mr. Buchanan, or Mr, Pierce. There fore, let us not l>e hasty and rash in our actions, especially if tho result be attrib- cs. Before looking to oxtremo measnres, let ns first see, as Georgians, that cvery-thing which can bo done to preserve our rights, our interests and our liouqr, as well as the peiice of the country’ iu the Union, bo first done. (Ap plause.) ' /' The firet question that presents itself, is, shall the people of the South secede from Would wo not be in the wrong? What ever fate is to befall this country, let it never be laid to the charge of the people of the South, anl especially to the ]>eop’e of Georgia that we were untrue to our na tional engagements. Let the fault and the wrong rest upon others. If all our hopes ■are to be blasted, if the Republic is to go down, let ns be found to the last moment standing on the deck with the Constitu tion of tho United States waviug over our heads. (Applause.)-Let the fanatics of the North break the Constitution if such is their fell purpose. Let the responsibility bo up on them. I shall speak presently more of their acts; but let not the South, let us not be the ones to commit the aggression. We went into the election with this people.— Theresult was different from what wo wish ed ; but the election has been constitution ally held.. Were wo to mqjto a point of re sistance to the Government and go out of the Union on tlmt account, the record would bo made up hereafter against us. But it is said Mr. Lincoln’s policy and principles are against the Constitution, and that if he carries them out it will be de structive of our rights. Let ns not antici pate a threatened evil. If he violates the Constitution then will come our time to act. Do not let us break it because, for sooth, he may’. If her does, that is the time for us tostrike. (Ap, 1 ms \) I think it would be injudicious and unwise to do this soon er. I do not anticipate that Mr. Lincoln will do anything to jeopard our safety’ or security-, whatever may be his spirit to do it; for he is bound by the constitutional checks which aro thrown around him, which at this time renders him powerless to do any great mischief. This shows the wisdom of our system. The President of the United States is no Emperor, no Dic tator—he is clothed with no, absolute pow er. Ho can do nothing unless lie is back ed by power in Congress. The House of Representatives is largely in the majority against him. In the very face and teeth of the heavy majority’ which he jhas obtain ed in the Northern States, thera have been large gains iu the House of Representa tives to the Conservative Constitutional party of the eonntry, which hero I will call the National Democratic party, because that is the cognomen it has at the North. There are twelve of this party elected from New York to the next Congress, I believe. In the present House there are but four, I think. In Pennsylvania, New Jersey’, Ohio and Indiana there have been gains. In the present Congress there were 113 Re publicans, when it takes 117 to make a majority. The gitins in the Democratic party in Pennsylvania, Ohio, New Jersey’, New York, Indiana and other States, not withstanding its distractions, have been enough to make a majority of near thirty in the next House against Mr. Lincoln.— Even in Boston, Mr. Burlingame, one of the noted leaders of the fanatics of that section, has been defeated, and a conserva tive man returned in Iris stead. Is this tho time, then, to appreliOTU that Mr. Lincoln, with this largo majority in the House of Representatives against him, can carry out any of his unconstitutional principles in that body ? In tho Senate he will also bo powerless. There will be a majority of tour against him. This, after the loss of Bigler, Fjtch and others, by the unfortunate dissensions of the National Democratic party in their States. Mr. Lincoln cannot appoint an of ficer without tho consent of the Senate— he cannot form a Cabinet without the same consent. He will be in the condition of George the Third, (the embodiment of To ryism,) who had to ask the Whigs to ap point his Ministers, and was compelled to receive a Cabinet utterly- opposed to his views; and so Mr. Lincoln will be compell ed to ask of the Senate to choose for him a Cabinet, if the Democracy of that body choose to put him on such terms. He will be compelled to do this or lot the Govern ment stop, if the National Democratic men, (for that is their name at, the North,) the Conservative men in tho Senate, should so determine. Then, how can Mr. Lincoln obtain a Cabinet which would aid him, or allow him to violate the Constitution ?.— Why, then, I say’, should wo disrupt the ties of this Union when his hands arc tied —when he can do nothing against ns? I have heard it mooted that no man in the State of Georgia, who is true to her inter ests, could hold office under Mr. Lincoln. But, I ask, who appoints to office ? Not the President alone; the Senate has to con cur. No man can be appointed without the consent of tho Senate. Should any’ man then refuse to hold office that was given him by a Democratic Senate ? (Mr. Toombs interrupted and said if tbo Senate was Democratic it was for Mr. Breckin ridge.) Well, then, continued Mr. S., I ap prehend nomaneonld be justly considered untrue to the interests of Georgia, or incur any disgrace, if the interests of Georgia re quired it, to hold an office which a Breck inridge Senate had given him, oven though Mr. Lincoln should bo President. tho Uni Of Mr. f To Cotton and Wool Manufactu- j United o President. (Pro longed applause, mingled with interrup- tibtts.) I trnst, my’ eonntry men, yon will be still and silent. I am addressing y’our good sense. I am giving you my views in a calm and dispassionate manner, and if any- ofyou differ with me, you on any other occasion give your views, as I am doing now, and let reason and true patriotism decide between us. In my judgment, say, under such eircgnistances there would 1 —-tvix disgrace for a Southern man No man will be suffered to bo no to hold office, bo appointed,.! have 110 doubt, who is not true to tho Constitution, if Southern Senators aro true to their trusts, as I can not permit myself to doubt that thoy’ will bo. onsequence of tho election My honorable friend who addressed yon I /. f 1.., iif 11... 1 1„£>* ...1. * I \f*. n'nftmli,. .1 o„.t tft n.li/m, T the Presidency of the i last night, (Mr. Toombs,) and to whom I , Jcfferrm,; ». W. Sponro and T. M. People*. B«f. A| - :r -iUe; Julia JJ. Jtartoh' aail J. H, CliriaWjg rers! frmi!- w tf 1T _ • Wool Factorial, of tfce ^1. G. DELON Y, Attorney nt *hip, equal to LAW. Athena, Go., will attend promptly to si? * "" "”’ T k C rT«* 1 l‘ n " rt * J *‘ k L** rare. Office oa Broad atreet, ' Kcirooy’aiiMi*.'-' • ■tf \\ r -‘I- PHILIPS, Attorney nt Law, „r,„ Marietta. G*„ will praetico in ail the com.tic- r,, ,, Riilw. Circuit. In the connty of.Fnltoo, of th« l'C-r Supreme Court, and m Uw U. S. .;^n*t C.,«n at Marietta. tf lilTCH, Wholesale & 1 'Uts „_**•** CLOTHIERS usd >111111 Il filjFlil , candidly, and earnestly, that I prepared to fill order* for every de- j do not think that they’ ought. In my >f Bobbin* aud Spool* for Cotton and | judgment, the e'OCtioil.of lio Ill.ltl, COIlSti of the very belt material* and workman- HP,,,,’ , [y countrymen, Itellyon j listened with the profoundest attention, ^ ^ North «»r South. We aro prepared to cxeente all kinds of Job x r c “ ^‘j^JmcA^rco. A then*, Ga. to that high office, is snf- idiwt A then*, (; \YM. N. \\ 1UTE. Bookseller and ipOBACCO!— Fine and me at retail or be the box. j asks if wc would submit to Black Rcpub* j lican mle? I say to you and to him, as j Georgian, I never would submit to ai Black Republican gfgr&sion upon our con a to separate from stitutional rights. will never consent j to the ****** CO- i been us, elected, l) incut of toun- 1 M.KKKXKY odium tobacco ins ToWc KENNFY. „ .ATIONER, and New*i>:i,>er > '■■■ Mu-i A .Mi,-nl I y '’' OrtTM i Lamp.'. ■] are authorized to announce DUKE HAMILTON a* » candidate for r*- ain t .Many of us 'nave sWorn v, e, therefore, for the man to the Presidency, r accordance with the prcscribct the Coiistttnti’ ti, make a point >y anti aid tion oCthe tint of resistance idraw from. it Onstitutionally We are stitutiou.— Can myt the guards elsewhere. This is my posirion- Thc only question now, is, Can they be secured in the Union? That is what I am counseling with you to-night about. Can It be secured? In my judgment it may be but it may not be; but let us d<i all we can, so that in the future, if the worst come, it may never be said we were negligent iu doing our duty to the last. My countrymen, I am not one of those who believe this Union has been a curse up to this time. True men, men of integ rity, entertain different views from me on this subject. I do not question their right to do so; I would not impugn their motives in so doing.* Nor will I undertake to say that this Government of our fathers is per fect. The re is nothing perfect in this world of a human origin. Nothing con nected with nature from man himself to any of bis works. You may select tho wisest and best men for your judges, and yet how many defects are there in the ad ministration of justice ? You may select the wisest and best men for voiir legisla tors, and yot how many defects are appa rent in your laws? And so it is in onr Go vernment. But that this Government of our fathers, with all its defects, comes nearer the objects of all good Governments than any’ other on the face of the earth, is my settled conviction. Contrast it now with any on the face of the earth. (Eng land, said Mr. Toombs.) England my friend says. Well that is next best I grant, but I think we have improved on England. Statesmen tried their apprentice hand on the Government of England, and then ours was made. Ours sprang from that, avoid ing many of its defects, taking most of the good and leaving out many of its errors, and from the whole constructing and build ing up this model Republic—the best which the history of the world gives any account of. Compare my friends, this government with that of Spain, Mexico, the South American Republics, Germany, Ireland. Are there any- sons of that down trodden nation here to-night? Prussia; or if you travel farther East, to Turkey-or or China. Where will yon go, following tho sun in its circuit rouud our globe, to find a go vernment that better protects the liberties of its people, and secures to them the blessings wo enjoy? (Applause.) I think that one of tho evils that beset us is a surfeit of liberty, an exuberance of the priceless blessings for which we are un grateful. We listened to my- honorable friend who addressed you last night (Mr. Toombs,) as he recounted the evils of this Government. The first was the fishing bounties paid mostly to the sailors of New England. Our friend stated that forty- eight years of our Government was under tho administration of Southern Presidents. Well, these fishing bounties began under the rule of a Southern President, I believe. No one of tbom during the whole forty- eight years ever set his administration against the principle or policy of them. It is not for me to say whether it was a wise policy in the beginning; it probably was not, and I have nothing to say in its defence. But the reason given for it was to encourage our young men to go to sea and learn to manage ships. We had at the time bnt a small navy. It was thought best to encourage a class of our people to become acquainted with sea-faring life; to become sailors; to man our naval ships. It requires practice to walk the deck of a ship, to pull tho ropes, to furl the sails, to go alott, to climb the mast; and it was thought that by offering this bounty, a nursery might be formed in which young men would become perfected in.these arts, and it applied to one section of the coun try as well as to any other. Theresult of this was that in the war of 1812, our sail ors, many of whom came from this nurse ry, were equal to any that England brought against ns. At any rate; no smalt part of tlie glories of that war were gained by the veteran tars of America, aud the object of these bounties was to foster that branch of the national defence. My opinion is, that whatever may have been the reason at first, this bounty ought to bo discon tinued; tho reason for it at first no longer exists. A bill for this object did pass t ho Senate the last Congress I was in, to which my- honorable friend contributed greatly, but it was not reached in the House of Representatives. I trust that he will y-et see that ho may with honor continue his connection with the Government, and that his eloquence, unrivaled in the Senate, may- hereafter as heretofore, be displayed in having this bounty, so obnoxious to him, repealed and whipped from the statute book. 'frlj ' The next evil that my friend complains of was the Tariff. Well, let us look at that for a moment. About the time I commenced noticing public matters, this question was agitating the country almost as fearfully as tho slavery* question now is. In 1882 when I wasin College, South Caroli na was ready to nullify or secede from the Union on this account. And what have wo seen ? The tariff no longer distracts thepublic councils. Reason has triumph ed! The present tariff was voted for by- Massachusetts and South Carolina. The lion and the lamb lay dowfi together—eve ry man inthe Senate and House from Massachusetts and South Carolina, I think, voted for it, as did my honorable friend himself And if it be-trne, to nse the fig- are of speech of my honorable friend, that every- man that works in iron and brass and wood lias his muscle strengthened by- the protection of the Government, that stimulant was given by- his vote and I be lieve every other Southern man. So we ought not to complain of that. • Mr. Toombs. That tariff assessed, the duties. Mr. Stephens. Yes, and Massachusetts with unanimity vii with tin' South to lessen them, and they were made just as low as Southern men asked them to be, and that is tho rates they are now at. If reason and argument with experience pro duced such changes in tlie .sentiments of Massachusetts from 1832 to 1857, on tho subject of th. tar:;!', may H .{ 1 iki■ changes be effected there by the sanvs means, rea son and argument, and appeals to prtriot- ism on the present vexed question can say that by i*7o or 189 1 setts may not vote wit h Sunt h < Southern Presidents, who ruled so well, and has been continued through all of them since. The gentleman s views of the polk cy of these laws and my own do not disa- [Appiuuse.] groe. We occupied the same ground in re- u ly. Where is Romo, onw- lation to them in Congress. It is not my the woi Id ? There are the earn purpose to defend them now. Bnt it is pro per to state some matters conneceed with their ori: One of the objects was to build up a Commercial .American Marine by giving American bottoms the exclusive carrying trade between our oym ports. This is a great arm of national power. This object was accomplished. We have now an amount of shipping not only coast-wise but to foreign countries which puts us hi the front ranks of the nations^f t he world. England can no longer .be styled tlie inis tress of-tho seas. What Amuricau is not proud of the result? Whether those laws should be continued is another question.— Bnt one thing is certain; no President, Northern or Southern, has ever yet recom mended their repeal. And my- friend's effort to get them repealed was met with but little favor North or South. These then were tho true main grievan ces or grounds of complaint against the general system of oar government and its workings, I mean the administration of the Federal Government. As to the Acts of several of tho States, I shall speak pres ently, but these three were the main ones used against tlie common head. Now sup pose it be admitted that all of these are evils in the system, do they over-balance and outweigh the advantages and great good which this same government affords in a thousand innumerable ways that can not be estimated ? Have we not at the South as well as the North grown great, prosperous and happy nnder its operation ? Has any part of the world over shown such rapid progress in the development of wealth, and all the material resources of national power upd greatness as the South ern States have under the General Gov ernmont, notwithstanding all itsdofocts ? Mr. Toombs—In spite of it. Mr. Stophons—My Hon. friend says wo have, in spite of tho Goaoral.Government; that, without it, I suppose he thinks, we might have done as well or perhaps better than wc have done this in spite of it. That may be, and it may not be, but the great fact that we havo grown great and pow erful under the government as it exists, thore is no conjectu re or speculation about that; it stands out bold, high and promi, nent like your Stone Mountain to which tho gentleman alluded in illustrating home facts in his record. This great fact of our unrivaled prosperity in tho Union as it is admittod—whether all this is in spite of the government—whether we of the South would have been better off without the government, is, to say tho. least, prob lematical. On the one side we can only put the fact against speculation and con jecture ou the other. But even as a ques tion of speculation I differ with my. dis tinguished friend. What we would have lost in border wars without the Union, or what wc havo gained simply by the peace it has secured no estimate can be made of. Our foreign trade, which is the foundation of all our prosperity, lias the protection of the Navy, which drove the pirates from tho waters near our coast where they- had been buccaneering for centuries before, and might have been still, had it not been for the American Navy under the command, of such spirits as Commodore Porter.— Now that the coast is clear, that our com merce flows freely outwardly and inward ly, we cannot well estimate how it would have been nnder other circumstances.— Tho influence of the government on us is like that of the atmosphere around us.— Its benefits are so silont and unseen that they are seldom t hought of or appreciat ed. We seldom think of the single element of oxygen in the air we breathe, and yet let this simple unseen and unfelt agent be withdrawn, this life-giving element bo tak en away from this all-pervading fluid around ns, and what instant.and appalling changes would take place in all organic- creation ! It may be that wc are all that wo arc, in “spite of the General Government,” but it may be that without it wo slionld have been far different from what we are now. It is true, there is no equal part of the earth with natural resources superior, per haps, to ours. That portion of the coun try known as the Southern States, stretch ing from the Chesapeake to the Rio Gran de, is fully eqnal to tho picture drawn by the lion, and eloquent Senator last night, in all naturat capacities. But how many ages and centuries passed before these ca pacities were developed to reach this ad vanced stage of civilization ? There these same hills, rich in ore, same rivers, same valleys, and plains, are as they have been since they came from the hand of the Cre ator; uneducated and uncivilized man roamed over them for liow Jong no histo ry informs us. It was only under our institutions that they could be developed. Their develop ment is the fesulji of the enterprise of our people under operations of the Government iiow, the same soil, the sources; nature is the same, ruin of Ininian greatness the traveler throughput the breadth of that down trodqpgiipB H| | have not the people! of that Heaven-favor-_ ed clime the spirit that animated their la thers? Why this sad difference ? It is the destruction of their institutions I’uit has caused it; and, my eountrymon, if wo 8'.mil, in an evil hour, rashly pull down and destroy those institutions wlii -h the patriotic li ind of our fathers labore 1 so loug and so hard -to bnild up, aud wldc-h have done so much for us and the world, who can venture the prediction that sim ilar results will not ensue ? Let us avoid it if wo can.V I trust the spirit is amongst us that will enable us to do it. Let us not rashly try the experiment, for if it fails, as it did in Greece and Italy, and in the South American Republics, and in every «thcr place, whorover liberty’ is o:.oe destroyed, it may never be restored to us agon.— ill [Applause.] There are defects in onr GdgjMgment, errors in administration, mid short com ings of many’ kinds, but in spite of these defects and erroiu Georgia has grown to be a great State Let us pause here a moment. In 185 J there was a great crisis, but not so fearful as this, for of all I have ever pasesd through this is the most per ilous and requires to be met with tho greatest calmness and deliberation. There were many amongst us in 1859 zealous to go at once out of the Union, to disrupt every tic that binds us together.^— Now do you believe had that policy been carried out at that time, wo would have been tho same great peoplo that we arc to day ? It may be that wo would, but have you any assurance of that fact? Would we have made the same advancement, im provement and progress in all that consti tutes material wealth and prosperity that wo havo ? I notice in the Comptroller General’s re port that the taxable property of Georgia is 8579,000,000, and upwards, an amouut not far from double that it was in 1850.— I think I may venture to say-that, for tho last 10, years, the material wealth of tho peoplo of Georgia has been nearly’ if not quite doubled. Tho same may bo said ot our advance iu education, and everything that marks our civilization. Have we any assurance that had wc regarded tlie earn est but misguided patriotic advice, as I think of some of that day’, and disrupted the ties which bind us to the Union, we would havo advanced as we have? I think not. AVell, then, let us bo eaivfni now before wc attempt any’ rash experi ment of this sort. I know that there are friends whose patriotism I do not intend to question, who think this Union a curse, and that we would be better off without it. I do not so think; if wo can bring about a correction of these evils which threaten^- and Iara not without hope that this may yet bo done—this appeal to go out, witu all the provisions for good that accompany it, I look upon as a great, and 1 fear a fatal temptation. When I look around and see our pros perity in everyihing, agriculture, commerce, art, science, and every department of ed ucation, physical and mental, as well as moral advancement, and colleges, I think in the face of such an exhibition if we can without the loss of power, or any essential right or interest, remain in the Union, it is'our duty to ourselves and to posterity to do so - let us not too readily yield to this temptation. Our first parents, the great progenitors of the human race, were not withoir a like temptation when in the gar den of Elen. They were led to believe that their condition would be bettered— tlmt their eyes would be opened—and that they would become as Gods. They in an evil hour yielded—instead Of becoming Gods, they only saw their own nakedneaj I look upon this country, with our in tutions, as the Eden of the world, the par adise of the universe. It may be that out of it we may become greater and more prosperous, but I am candid andsincere in telling you that I fear if we rashly evince passion and without sufficient cause shall take that step, that instead of becoming greater or more peaceful, prosperous and happy—instead of becoming Gods, we will become demons, and at no distant«day commence cutting one another’s throats. This is ray apprehension. Let us there fore, whatever we do, meet these difficul ties, great as they are, like wise and sensi ble men, and consider them in the light of all the consequences which may attend our action. Let us see first clearly where the path of duty leads, and then wo may not fear to tread therein. 'IP*' I come now to the main question put to I me, and on which my counsel has.been ask- ,f Receiver of Tc xt Jauuary cicuti Ketums fur Se r il3 (race t< tlie br solve- the Government without becoming aker- <>f that sacred instrumentour- 'Withdraw ourselves from it!— If. ns ranch as I admire the Union, for •lories of the past or the blessings of ! tlie present, as much as it has done for the ! people of all these States; as much as it ! lias done for civilization; as much as the hopes of the world hang upon it; I would 1 icorgia upon all those quest j never submit To aggression upon my rights! distract the country and tbre to maintain it longer; and it they cannot find existence.' 1 bein maintained in the Union, standing on I etiicieni-y of truth, inthe tlie Georgia Platform, where I have stood truth, and its ultimate trium from the time of its adoption, I would he pcrly-wielded. (Applause.) ill favor of disrupting every tie which binds : the States together. I will have equality for Georgia and for the citizens of Georgia in this Union, or I will look for new safe- aud institutions under which wc have li'v-jed. TBnt is what the present Legislature od. Even onr people, without these, nev- should do in view of the dangers that or would have done it. The organization threaten us, and the wrongs that have been of society has much to do with the develop- llonc n , b ’ evenil of 0lir ^federate States nient ot the natura l resources of any’coun- • .. - T ’ , L a try, or land. The institutions of u people, ' 11 110 U j!!' m . 1V the at,ta political and moral, are tho matrix in ur V 3 . ni ]'** An " which the gel*m of their organic structure | an '* 111 Jieir Legisla- ffugitive.Slave Law, Another matter of grievnne by my honorable friend, \va: tion laws. This policy was a! ed under the administratioi quickens into life-takes root and devcl- optcs in form, nature and character. Onr institutions constitute tlie basis—the mat rix from which springs all our character istics of development and greatness.— Look at Greece; there is the same fertile soil, the same blue sky, the same inlets ancl harbors, tho Egeuti, the same there is the same land where Homer where Pericles spoke; it is, in nature, same old Greece: but it is living Greece no more. [Applause.] Descendants of tho same people inhabit the country; yet what is the reason of this mighty differ ence ? In the midst of present degrada tion we see the glorious fragments of un- t works of art—temples with orna- ts and inscriptions that exc;ts wonder mnstitu- u admiration—t ctv outlived the lain them all iehabod lms departed. Wh their institutions : These were but tlie Government, the m grand development the institutions of a then ill U man ution they spoke—upon it ten—their glory this so? I answer, 5 been destroyed.— its of their forms of x from which their and when once tionaj omigatmr not b.3 in the spirit i simply my owr | worth. It proceeds f tion that according to it < ests aml honor—our prest security can yet be m king to the tio regumP r o until all else i this point I not sanguine. But let us u triovic effort to prevent it ground for hope. If any view that judgment, he tnconsiston: terest ot Georgia, I ask you as patriots not to regard it. Alter hearing me ami others whom you have advised with, act iii the premises according to your own evti- \ictioii o{ duty, as patriots. 1 speak now particularly to the members of the Legis lature present. There are, as I have said, great dangers ahead.® GroiSguiigcrs tuny Come from the election I have spoken mve been de- : It the policy of Mr. Lincoln and his 11 wer tlmt can lican associates shall he carried out.