The Southern watchman. (Athens, Ga.) 1854-1882, July 10, 1861, Image 1

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Newspaper Page Texti\jt §'ont|crn^uk|man. , ( f^ br;r«l ani Cheajn-st Paprrs in the Slate!!! TKHMS. r •VLY TWO DOLLARS A-YEAR, IJI (f , H itrfnmK; othencite, Three IMUtre. ■ will Up ili»cti»iiniHf(l (except at the option tlilur) ftntil ull arri-nragus are paid. ADVIiimSING. i „lvcrti*emcr,t» imcrtwl at the nronl rate*. j;" u i .ulviTtiipincnU. witen nut marked, will he , nil torliid, at Ouo Dollar per rqeare of 9 lines i,-u and Fifty Ceuta nor square for each subao- . i, idwral deduction to yearly advertisersb ,- i,i:i'•unecinenta of candidates $5, in advance. . Obituary n-itieo* exceeding six lines in length iflfliarged" as advertUrjpents. Business nntr professional ferbs. i M. WYNG & CO., Dealers in hardware, crockery, china and Hrnad Street, Athens, On. tf i TilKNS STEA^ COMPAN Y.~ V R- NICKERSON. Agent and Superintendent — y ..Hirers of Circular Saw Mills, Steam En» • i’vreiug aud Lifting PUMPS, SHAr.iSO and f h'm i.y; Mm.. (Its and all other kinds of GEAR- .v',; l > v and Hit ass Castings, of every description. ; M ; T uiMi. Kepniriug and Finishing promptly exc- Select patterns of Iron Fencing. Terms, cash. c. i \V.& H. R. J. LONG, Wholesale d Retail DRUGGISTS, Athens, Ga. «.CAM»LKU. BF.N. V: SLO.CCMB. HANDLER & SLOCUMB, Attor- J m . v , at Law, Homer, Banks county, Georgia, will > lire in the counties of Banks, Habersham, Frauk- > and Hall. All business entrusted to them vc prompt attention. MayS, 1861 V w. LUCAS, Wholesale and Rc- j s tail Dealers in DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, iUlli'WAR’i. Ac., No, 2, Broad Street, Athens,, (t. i. AIcCLESKEY. M.D., having lu i uionenUy located in Athens, will continue- i practice id Medicine and Surgery. Residence, that dv ..ernpied by Sir. Chase-Office, at home, where V: suit he ftiuod. - ff U A. LOWR ANCE, Surgeon Den* • TIST. Athens, Ga. Office on College A venue, , ,. r |!,c Jewelry store of Messrs. Talmndge A Winn. II J tin- *to I l " THE PRODUCE LOAN, fireal Speech of Vice President STEPHENS, at Washington. Wilkes, Ga. JIr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentle men : I appear before you to-day mainly on business. The subject is of no little im portance. It is of great magnitude. It concerns us all as much as any upon which I ever addressed you before. Our coun try is at war—the most important we ever were engaged in before—pot excepting that of tho revolution which resulted in the achievment of our independence. Tc provide means to carry on the war, and to sustain our country in this extremity, is the object of.my appearance here to-day, our cause must be sustained. On its suc cess everything that concerns us in life depends. Time need not bo taken np in rehears ing at length the causes of the war—its origin or history. Allow me to premise however, brief by a few things in relation to this contest. In the first place, it is a most unnatural and irrational war on the f art of our former Northern confederates, ts success on their part would end in an entire overthrow of the principles upon which our common independence was achieved. Those States at the North now engaged against Us, occupy the position towards us that the British-Government did towards the colonies in the .Revolu tionary struggle. They are endeavoring to govern us against our consent. England claimed the right to tax and govern us on the samo principle. This right our fathers denied. On tho fourth day oi July, 1770, each one of the colonies, through their legal representatives—each State for itself—declaring their indepen dence, and proclaimed the great truth that till governments derive their .just powes from the consent of the governed. This declaration was not madeasn nation, hut by tho representatives ofeach one of the sovereign and independent States. Wlpm the war closed, England acknowledged the independence ofeach one of the States separately, of Massachusetts, of New York, Virginia,, of Georgia, and all 'the other States individually. On this same principle the Confederate States now stand. In this most unnatural war,Massachusetts,that wa9 repre sented by the patriot, John Hancock in 1776, now occupies towards us the same relation that England did to us in the rev olution. It is a war agaiust the. whole principles upon which the revolution was fought. Whatever may be the dangers of the future, let every son of revolution ary sires remember that the samo princi ples are now involved. We never sought to interfe/o with their internal affairs. After the acknowledgement of the inde pendence ofeach of the States separately and severally by Great Britain, a Union between all of them was formed in that compact known as the Constitution of the United States. This related to extra ter ritorial or foreign affairs, and extra State affairs.' The regulation of all matters of domes- ( tie and internal policy within the States ' • — — respectively, was expressly reserved to the DAVIS, Land Broker, Collec- states or to the people. State Sovereign- GILLELAND, Dentist, Wat- kinsville, Ga., respectfully solicits the patron- . fihc suirdunding country. Full satisfaction will K- -iv«-n in Ms profession. tf T M. KENNEY, (next door to the I • Hank of Athens.) constantly keeps on hand STA- PLK mol FANCY DRY GOODS, ami Choice Family (lie-cries, cheap for cash, or to prompt customers. T M. MATTHEWS, Attorney at l| e LAW. Ihniiclsville, Ga. May 1. 01!N II. CHRISTY, Plain and Fancy ROOK AND JOB PRINTER, Broad SL. tin.' Office corner Broad aud Wall streets, ovqr Ransom A Pittard. tf I AMES A. CARLTON, Dealer in tf Silk, Fancy and Staplo DRY GOODS, Hardware i-ll'rnakeTy, K«.S, Granite Row, Athens. T W. H A N C 0 C K, Attorney at t) • LAW, Danielseille, On., will practice in Jaek- ,ii. Clarke, Madison, Hart, Oglethorpe and Elbert. _. | F. O'KELLEY, Photograph and t* • AMBUOTVPK ARTIST. Rooms on llroad and M.riir- streets, over tho store of John R. MsUhcws, t ; a . MsrS-tf f AS. M. HOYAL, Harness-Maker, t* i head of Wall street, nearly opposite the old State if.i.l; Athens, Ga., keeps always on band a general as- • i •. i of articles in his lino, mid is always ready to tli orders in the best style. tf TOR and GENERAL AGENT, August*, Ga. ati. n ud to in any county of the State, bffice i incr i f Jackson and ElBs streets. M ASON & CO., Bookbinders, 1 P. M AS «" • Paper Kn fall Mrcid, Atlanta, tin. J. 11. Guuisrv,.Agent, julj-22-ly M ADISON BELL, Attorney at i. \\V, Horner, Banks Ounty. Go.—will pnoi- rt n. il.e Courts offhe Western Circuit. Ail business ■ : i- -i lo tii- care will meet with prompt attention. Km i iiKNcns : lion. J. II. Lumpkin. T. R. R. Cobb, K-... Win. Hope Hull, Esq., Athens, Ga., J. H. Banks. KvJ., G d iesrillc; Ga. • - "VICIIOLSON, Reaves &*WyNtG WholesaleUnd Retail ltcalars in STAPLE and i AXCV tiOODS, GROCEHIBS, HARDWARE, Crock- 1 y. ,tC., large new Brick Store, corner Bridge and Broad f re is Athena, Ga. tf p ATM A N & SUMMEY, Dealers in i. HARDWARE md CUTLERY, corner pf Broad ■ ! U'nil streets, Athens, Ga. *' '« 1 MTNEtt. ENGLAND & FREE A BAN, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in GKOCTT- UIKS, DRY HUGHS, HARDWARE, SlIOEt'Jfc BOOTS, 1 rood StrrVt, Athens, Ga. ■ ‘ ‘ - tf P HARRY 7 , Fiishionithie Boot and • SHOE MAKER. Brand Greet. Athena, Ga., is Gwhtj hi readiness to (ill orders in lus Lae. , r P BISHOP & SON. Wholesale nnd L • Retail Dealers in GROCERIES, HARDWARE t.. i s i A I'LL DRY GOODS. So. 1. Broad rt-.-AtittsM. L. MARLEU, Attorney at .AW, Jefferson, Jackson county, Ga. >" iTHKxciis.—J. M. McLesterand W. S. Thomjtson, »'• Jefthrron; D. W. Spence and T. M. Peeples, Eaij. l.. riiHev ille: John II. Newton and J. II. Christy, Alliens. ■ tf \V r -M. gT DE LON Y T , Attorney nt * » LAW, Athens, Ga., will attend prorajitly *o all .ia-iuest entrusted to his care. Office on Broad street, ' "■r I. M. Kenney’s stare. ■ ' tf \YA \\ T M. PHILIPS, Attorney at Law, ’ ' Marietta, OaT, will practice kn all the counties the llhry I’idgo Circhit, in tho county ot-Fnlton, of the ’’ ' U tircuit, in the Supremo Court, and iu toe U. S. l'btrift t’ourt at Marietta. tf \\niITE & RITCH, Wholesale & * T Hi tail CLOTUIERS aud MERCHANT l’AI- Hroatl streot, AthenB, Oa. \\TM N. WHITE, Bookseller and ’ * STATIONER, aud Newapaper aud Magaiiue A,-rut— Ilualar ill Music A Musical Instrument?; Lamps, ott Cutlery, Fancy Goods, Ac., corner Broad Street and t "liege Avenue. Orders promptly filled at Augusta rates. PLANTER’S HOTEL, Atlanta, Gn. * (OPPOSITE THE PASSENGER DEPOT.) THOROUGHLY renovated aud re-fiirnislred, and in , the very centre of the business portion uf the city. J'uvli WM. 0TIALI.0RAN,Proprietor. * GLOBE HOTEL, Augvtatu, Ga. AUSTIN MPLI.ARKY, PROPRIETOR. ATOTio (j.—Passenger* bolding Through Ticket*, will be carried to and from this Hotel free of Omnibus Feb. 27.—ly „ WRIGHT & JACKSON, COtelON AND FORWARDING lEBCHAS^S. “AY ST£ET, savaxsah, ubohgia. AU ' < R. WMOHT. WM. 8. JACK80H. REPER TO ^‘t-JohnW, Anders,>n Savannah, .Ga. 0‘igljnrn A Cunniugham, “ . ’ “ '*"»ton A Yillalonga, “ “ Kcwia A Hardee, 44 '^Ihert A Bro*., New York. ly was.never pal led with in that Consti tution or compact of Union. Sovereign powers to a limited 6xtent were delegated, but sovereignty itself was still reserved to the people of the Slates respectively. -We claim the.same sovereignty that our fath ers tfid—the same inalienable right to sclf- governtnent which they asserted, and which the States of the North joined them in pledging their lives, tlieir Ihrttinea, mid sacred honor to maintain. This right is now denied ; hence this conflict. When the people of the Southern States looked to tho'future, after the elections last fall, pome thought it best to wait a little, and sec what the result would be— to seo whether the party then successful in ■tho election oi their President, -wnnld at- .tempt to carry out their avowed polish Others thought, it .best to meet tuc enemy at tho threshold. The gsliantStatoofSouth Carolina took the lead. It was her right- to re-assume-the exercises of all her sov ereign powers if slio chose to do so, aud no one had a right to question it. This right was secured in the principles estab lished when her. and our, and the inde pendence of all the. States was achieved. Other States soon followed. ‘ Wo did not resort to arms. Our separation was eft footed, not through the cartridge box, bal through the ballot-box. The people de cided this.question for themselves. Sneh a moral spectacle never was witnessed. An overwhelming nyjjority of tho peoplft of seven Southern States decided that it was best to resume their soveereignty. To question their right to do so, involves the whole doctrine upon which, American in stitutions were founded. This great fun damental principle which underlies Amer ican Constitutional Liberty was denied by Mr. Lincoln even before ho was formally seated in his present position. Wo sent Commissioners to settle all matters between us and our old confeder ates upon the principles of justice and good faith. , We wished to have no strife—wo wished peace. Wo never wished to ip- terfere with them or their institutions. If they thought'theirs better than ours, we were willing that they should enjoy them. We were only determined that the}’ should not interfere with ours, or Rule over' us. Wo believe-our institutions aro best for us. They are in accordance not only with na- turo, but thte teachings of Hoiy Writ, and are most wisely instituted for the benefit of both white and black. Tho statistics and history of the world show it. But all our efforts to maintain peaceable and ammiable relations were vain. It was nevoir our object to muke ugijrcs- sions on any State not inclined to come with uSx We think Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland and Delaware ought to come with us. We think it is best for them; but it is a question for them to decide. It is our interest' to be at peace with the North. It is not to our interest that they should overthrow the- institutions of their fathers. WArs are injunoos to all people. We and they feel it, and " 'll con tinue to feel .it more as it ter we had been notified that reinforce ments would be forcibly sent to it, nnd af ter these reinforcements were on the way and almost at tho place. The war. was virtually begun—not by the first gun that was fired, but by the announcement, that all the forts in our possession should bo captured, seized and held by fir. Lincoln’s Government. This was the beginning of the war. This was its declaration, and from this has sprung all that has or may ensue. Tho taking of Sumter was but the meeting of this proclamation as it ought to have been met. Tho next step was Mr. Lincoln’s nroelamation oftho 15th of April calling out 75,000 of tho military, without the shadow of legal or Constitutional au thority, with a view to our coercion and subjugation—a purpose which could have beenconeeivedin nothing short ofthe most stupendous folly, 'as well as the most suici- dal recklessness. ' The object - can never be attained, while tlie consequences will he ruinous*to those who undertook it. It should not be our purpose to detract from the merits, the character,prosperity, or power of the people of the North, or any other people on earth; but it may be justly said, that the most of the wealth they boast, has been acquired from their connections with the South. Their wealth is not in the productions of their soil. It consists mostly in their commerce, their shipping, their trade, their manufactures, their spindles, their looms, their foundries, their inventions, and their thousand and one contrivances for supplying the wants and the markets oftheBouth. They sold to the South annually not less than $250,- 000,000, worth of manafactures of various kinds, besides the enormous profits accru ing to their ship owners fi'om being our carriers; while they exported to all the world besides, not exceeding $40,000,000. What will become of them ? The party now in power there have always said the South was accursed. Their machinery is fitted only to manufacture supplies suited to our wants. They knew our wants and were prepared to supply them, and were not prepared to supply those of any oth er people. Most of them they made for us would suit no other people. This war on their part is a forcible illustration of thc- old adage of a man “cutting off his nose to spite his face.” - Hence the remark that it is a war altogether irrational and alto gether suicidal on their part. When, how ever, reason is blinded and passion hears sway, there is no telling where a people will he led to. But there is another remark about this war which concerns us and all friends of constitutional liberty everywhere. Upon our success in it, depends constitutional government. Nothing less is involved in the issue. The United States have been looked to by tho down-trodden of earth, as the pole star of hope, because within tlieir limits every freeman—every citizen stogd on un equality. The whole fabric rested upon restraints being thrown about rulers. No othor government in the^rorld secured such privileges. The will of a man or of a few persons, governs most nations. Of all the governments in the world, in this alone, your President, the highest of ficer, was hound by Law the same as the humblest citizen. The men who made tho Constitution were mostly Southern men. Iu the North, iu that great work there were few helps and aids.. Dr. Franklin and Alexander Hainilton and a few other able and distin guished men from the North were in tho Convention, hut they com film ted little to the master-piece of workmanship. They gave great aid in having it adopted after it was fashioned in tho Convention as it was; hut it was mostly the work of South ern hands—the product of Southern states manship. Hamilton wauled a government on quite a different model, and lie actually quit tho Convention before its labors clos ed. He afterwards, it is true, brought his great powers to hear, and did all he could do sustain it, and to put it into successful operation; but ho eomribnled not a stone to the foundation, the walls or columns of the great su|)erstrueture. That glorious temple of liboTty .wastlie work ot'llie hands of Southern men- Xl . it, be kept, and its principles perpetuated, it will be. done by tlio Confederate plates. Deflecting men have long entertained the belief that if the Union were dissolved, the North would go into anarchy and despotism. It has been our pride that out of the seventy-two years of the existeuco-of the Government iqider the Constitution, it has been for sixty years, under the control of Southern statesmen. This has secured whatever of prosperity and greatness, growth and development has marked the country’s career during its past history. The Northern masses gen erally agreed with Southern statesmen in their policy, aud sustained them. These were the democracy of that section. Mr. Jefferson said they were allies. Washing ton’s -administnilionulasted eight years. It was Southern, and in the line of Southern policy. Then came the eldCr Adams. Ho was from Massachusetts. Opposite ideas shaped his policy. At tho end of four years, the people indignantly turned him and his counsellors out of power. Then cftme Jef- ferson, Madison and Monroe, each eight years—all Sout hern meu. Here we had thirty-two years of Southern sidministra- tion to' four Northern. Then came tho younger Adams from the North. He was the great embodiment of those ideas which now control Lincoln’s administration. At the cud of four years lie was turned out of power, and Gen. Jackson, a Southern^ man, came in for eight years. Then came Van Buren, a Northern man, for lour years. Then Harrison; Tyler and Polk, which added,eight years more of Southern con trol. Next, Taylor and Fillmore. Fill more’ was a'Norlhetn man it :s true, - but his administration was sustainod by the South, and so was Pierce’s. Tbfse may bo called Southern administrations; and so was Buchanan’s—tb»s making sixty out of the seventy-two j-ears of tho Govern ment’s existence under tho Constitution. All the important measures which have marked the history of the Government, which have made it what it is, or was be fore the dismemberment, and made it the . .. - - >t go country’s battles. It is true Caleb Cush- ing got up a regimeut and went there, but it was not composed of many native Mas sachusetts men. " Its ranks were mu great' measure filled up with the chivalrous Irish. This is the first war that has taken place since the Devolution, that she has sent many of her native sons out of the State. It can be accounted for only because it is a FANATICAL War. Everything in our past history that belongs to the nation’s glory was the result of Southern policy and support. Wo were all attached to the old Govern- mant, not for the name, not lor-the hull, hut for the spirit, the life and sonl of it, seCuriug as it did, equal rights to all sec tions. ' Wo have thrown off the Union, but we have preserved the CohSHfiltiort: The re volution in this country is really at the North. From Constitutional Government, they are rapidly advancing to despotism. Southern men, in the hour of danger and peril, have rescued the work of their Fa thers. They have taken the Constitution of ’87, and, instead of laying violent hands upon it, they have made such improvements as time and experience have shown to be proper. Hie changes m’O not many, bnt of them this may be said : Every change made in it is of a conservative character— not one of a radical nature in it. They all look to a better security of life, liberty and property. They all look to the better se curity of the rights of the people against tho encroachments of power, or tho cor ruptions of their rulers. Mr. Lincoln says he makes war on ns to protect the public prppcrty, and yet under him the public property has been dest royed by millions. Immense amounts were burn ed at Harper’s Ferry and at the Navy Yard at Norfolk. This is no war to protect the property oftho Government but to coerce and subjugate us. What law was ho exe cuting when ho issued his proclamation calling for 75,000 volunteers/ It was in open palpable violation, of law that he did it. It was without authority of law or the shadowoflaw. No usurper ever entered upon a more unconstitutional career. B} 7 proclamation he has increased the army 25,000. What law was this in execution of? It was a law of his own making. By proclamation he has increased the navy 25,000. What law was this in execution of? A law of his own making in palpable violation of the Constitution which lie was sworn to support. The Constitution was the foundation the sonl and life that we adored; that Con stitution that our fathers made, and which the Confederate States have rescued from tho impending destruction of his hands and now hold as a shield over you and your posterity, gives the power to Congress and not t(J the President to raise armies and navies. The President has no such power, and a people who submit to such glaring usurpations may. have a ndme to bo free, but in fact they are nothing b»t serfs and vassals. A war lo execute tho IttwS! By what law does lie issue his warrant to ar rest freemen-arid immure them in jails and dungeons, without information or prosecu tion ? By what law has he assumed to suspend the writ of habeas corpus ? By the Constitution of our fathers and by the Con stitution of the Confederate States, Con gress alone can suspend this great writ of liberty, which was extorted ev«n from a British King in behalf of his subjects. A war to execute the laws 1 The war from the beginning has Keen against law, nnd in violation of law—in utter violation of the fundamental organic law—the Consti tution itself; nnd if not checked and stop ped by the people of Lhe North, it will in evitably end, and at no distant day, in un utter overthrow of everything like consti tutional liberty. Already the courts—the expounders of the law have been silenced —the decisions of the Judges utterly dis regarded and condemned. Free citizens are seized, imprisoned and possibly may be executed, without any other hearing except such as a military satrap may be willing to award. AH this is done under the pretense of executing the laws, iu the face and teetli of the highest law, which declares that “The right of tho people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated; and no warrant shall issue but upon probaple cause supported by oath or affirmation.: and par ticularly describing the place to be search ed and the persons or things to bo seized.” And that other clause which declares that, “In’all criminal eases tho accused shall en joy the right to a speedy and public trail by an impartial jury of the State and. dis trict wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have - been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of tlie nature and cause of the accusation ; to be confronted with the wit ness against him ; to havecompulsory pro cess for obtaining witnesses iu his favor, and to have tlie assistance of counsel for his defence: Such are the provisions of the Constitu tion ho was sworn to support; hut he puts himself aboye the Constitution mid above I lie decisions of the venerable Taney. He constitutes himself into a law maker, issues Ills edicts, and then executes them at the point of the bayonet. -Such aro acts of the niau whose preposterous purpose, as now avowed, is to preserve the former Union of the States by a subjugation of eleven of them! The fullest success of his purpose wpuld be tho completest failure of the ob jeet; and yet strange to say, the multitude vernment were, tlie priceless value of con stitutional liberty, ami periled everything in tli .dr achievement! Did we cut loose too soon fttmi these,your old confederates? The utmost licentiousness of the French Jacooins, in their most unbridled fury and phrenzy, did not exhibit greater extrava gance and recklessness in total disregard of law and order, and everything essential to good government, than these people at theNorth have exhibited iu this wrld, un natural, irrational and fanatical crusade against us. Should they succeed, this whole to mtry, North as well as South; will pre sent just such scenes as France did daring the Keign of Terror. If constitutional li berty is to be maintained, then let it be re peated, it must he done by ns. This presents some of the outlines of the magnitude of the issues involved in this contest. It is not only the preservatftiTSf our soil from the polluted step of an arro gant iQvading foe, it is not only tlie main tenance of our separate independence; but the maintenance of those principles which have distinguished the people of the' Unit ed States above all other countries and made them the light and hope of the world. Let us then proceed to the important bu siness this day to be presented to your con sideration. The ladies do well to bo hero. Their presence always does_good on such occasions. At this time everywhere they are.found ready to do their part; hut the bnsiuess in baud is mainly with the plant ers. This war is up&n ns—not of our seeking but it has to be met. Means have to he pro vided. Large armies are in tlie field and larger stiU may be required. The support of armies requires money. Our means are ample. How best to use and control them most efficiently for the best advantage to tho Government and least disadvantage to the people, is the question—on the presont basis of military operations, $50,000,000 will be required for the present-fiscal year. A loan of $8,000,000 was made some months ago. This will soon he exhausted. The immediate wants of the Treasury can he supplied bj’ the issue of Treasury notes, if the necessary measures be adopted to sustain their credit- A"tax of $15,000,000 will be necessary to accomplish this object, before the proceeds of the proposed loan of produce, of which I intend to speak, eaii be.made available. The rate of tax to raise Georgia’s part of this $15,000,000, if we shall have to resort to that measure, will be about twenty-four cents on the hundred dollars worth of property. This, it is true, will be a small tax compared with tho object to he attained, which is nothing less than our security, safety and political existence. The Secrets tj- of the Treasury has been authorized to issao the notes for pressing exigencies. The means to sustain their credit must be supplied. These are abundantly at our hands either by taxation to the full amount of the Go vernment or by some other means which will ac.eompUsli. the same object with more easo to the people. Our resourscs are amjjle. Tho proposition which the government makes and which is this day presented to you, is to take a loan from the planters and farmers of produce instead of money. The produce of the soil will answer the purpose of tho Government quite as well as coin. Grain, bacon and breadstuff's generally, are necessary for the subsistence oftho army. These have to he bought with coin, it we had it iu band; while cot ton and tobacco can and will at till times command the coin. Tlie proposition, then, is that each farmer shall lend to the Government—not give but lend—so- much of iiis produco as he can spare, and receive Government bonds for it part hearing 8 per cent, interest. In this of tbh State cotton is tho main staple. Breadstuff's could he got more cheaply elsewhere. Now, if a planter makes 50 bales of cotton and ten Will answer all the purposes' of- his own use and necessi ties, lie is asked to lend the remain ing forty to the Government, and take bonds at 8 per cent, interest instead of laying out his surplus in other kinds of property. If twenty-five of this fifty be necessary for his own pressing necessities, let him lend tho other half. If forty ho required for his own wants, Jh°o let lrim lend the remaining fifth of his crop. What ever may be the expected surplus over and above lus pressing wants, let it ho vested in Government bonds at 8 per cent, inter est instead of remaining idle in their hands* or put in other kinds of property. This is the proposition. It is easi ly understood. The format subscription is in these words: “ We, the subscribers, agree to contribute to the defence of the Confederate States, the portion of our crop set .down to pur respective.names;, tjiiLsathc ,{()■ be placed in warehouse,or in (actor's hands, and "soltl on or before tlie first day of— next, ist the t 7 in tures < T.w. n , S»a» A Bi K H»rb Men te?',* for tb « Sina, Florida, ouvillc, and tbe net proceeds of sale we direct-to be made over to the Treasurer of thoCon- federatoStates, for bonds for samo amount, bearing eight per cent, interest.” Each one will designate the place and the agent to whom tlie cotton is to bo sent, with the number of hales, ahd time within which it is to be delivered and sold. One word as to the nature of the subscription hero asked. Of coarse there cannot be certainty as to the extent of the yield of the growing crops. Subscriptions must necessarily be-made subject to the contin gencies of seasons and accident^ While, therefore, no one should subscribe a bale more than lie reasonably expects and hon estly intends to deliver, yet, should he fail to complywith the full amount of his sub- at the North so far from rising up and vin-1 scription from Providential or other cause, dicating constitutional principles gives al- no legal risk or forfeiture would be incur- most unanimous shouts to "these most glar- ing usurpations of power, Which foreshad ow their own early doom. If these things be done in the green tree, what will not be done in the dry? Already tho key note has been given oat by u leading journal in New York—the Courier and Enquirer. State lines are t.obe obliterated, State Le gislatures abolished and State Courts done a way with. The Government is to become consolidated and constitutional barriers are to be swept away. Another paper— the Tribune, gives out that riie Congress y—what a mockery to. the memory of that glorious day in our past history, that such a Con- leading fea- | gress will assemble on its anniversary— day*- linst Everytbimr is arranged for them, cut and red. It is a voluntary offer and engage ment off the part of tho planter- But it will be expected, os a matter of course, that tho terms of subscription' will be strictly complied with in good faith.— When sold, tho Government bonds for tlie proceeds will bo delivered, instead of bank bills, as is usually the ea.se. Should the planters of the South subscribe in this way. only one fourth of their cotton crop, it will give the Government the command of at least-one million of bales. Upon all rea sonable expectations, the crop will not fall short of fonr millions -of bales. One million of bales at present would bring at least this the • notes 3 moans sel: most gigantic scale, if our enemies so de- ternjine, without material ’injury to our resources, or ever resorting to any system of high taxation. If they wage it upf n tho principlo of wearing ns out by ex haustion, they will certainly fail on that line of policy before we .shall.. However great may have been tlieir resources, they were derived, as stated, mainly from ns. With this great source of their supplies be ing cut off by their own suicidal act, whence, or from what source is tho equivalent to bo made up ? Their opera tions at present are upon a basis of pel 7 - haps not less.than $100,090,000, or it may he $150,000,000per annum. Whore is this money to come from ? It is true, it is a question that concerns them—not us. It is a question though not to he overlooked by us in considering tho contingencies of a protracted war. Mo.st of their present means was derived from their trade-with us. That now being cut off by tlieir folly, madness and wickedness, where is their new stock to come from when the present is exhausted? The probabilities are they will resort to a confiscation of the estates of their merchant princes—tlieir Astors and others like him. .This is the usual course with such revolutions. Such was the course of the Jacohins^thejr great pro totypes. Like the army-worm, when they have destoyed tho rich fields they now feed upon, they will turn and feed upon them selves. Not so with us. No people in the world ever had such a vast variety of resources. Wliilo our soil and climate yield abun dantly everj-thing necessary to human subsistence, our staples of cotton,, rice, sugar and tobacco, ..which other natious must have, yield annually not much un der $300,000,000. We ’can, not only raise enough bread stuffs in our own limits to sustain our own limits to sus tain our mvn people, but sell to others, products to this amount. With a small portion of this income from abroad we can, if need be, sustain an arrrty of one hundred thousand in the' field for years to come. AH that is wanted is union, eo- operation, and patriotic concert between the Government and the people. If aity hesitate in co-operating in this arrange ment from any apprehensions as to the security of their investment in these bonds let such consider, and be sure of this; let them remember and remark it: If we succeed in the war; if we drive back the invaders; if we achieve and establish our independence they will have the best secu rity in the world. Tho entire resources of the Confederate States—their whole property and wealth will he pledged, not only for the punctual payment of interest, but the ultimate redemption of the bonds, making therefore the investment at 8 per cent, interest, the best public investment in tho world. Nor let any one timidly doubt of suc cess. Tho people of the South can never* he conquered. Our enemies rely upon numbers—we rely upon the valor of free men, battling for country, for home, and everything dear as well as sacred. But if we do not succeed —should the enemy pre vail, should we become subjugated, then not only will 3*our cotton, hut your land and everything else you own, he useless and worthless to you. To the over-timid and cautious another reflection may be appropriate. This war must and will be sustained, whether they cotne to. its aid in this way or not. Our army in tho field, periling everything in defence of the country, of your homes and your firesides, must and will be fed and clothed and supplied- with all tho necessa ry munitions of war. Other gallant sons will soon follow tlieir brethren in tho field or to fill’ up their ranks in case they fall before the enemy. Some of those ready to go are now'present. The cause in which they have enlisted is not tlieir cause alone, but the cause of every man, woman and child in tho* Confederacy. In offering themselves voluntarily to fight in tho,hat- tie, they make tho highest and noblest offering man can make. Of all the virtues, none is purer, holier, or so Godlike 1 as that which prompts a man to offer up himself, his life, his homo and his ull as a sacrifice upon liis country’s altar. It is the em bodiment of all others. Truth, honor, fidelity, integrity, filial affection, paternal devotion, domestic attachments, ties to home and the hearth-stone, and all the ennobling sentiments that dignity man, would have no existence without a coun try 7 . Those institutions which foster them, in’which they germinate, grow, and bring tfie richest fruits, all depend upon that-dis tinguished patriotism which animates the volunteer’s breast. Such men must be, and will be, sustained. Th.e moans and tl)e resqureos necessary to do it are in tlie country. They 7 must'and will ho had. If hot by 7 a loan bearihg interest; as propos ed, they will he reached by taxation, where there will ho neither interest nor priucL pal returned. '■ If the loan is not made' as propose'd, or in some other way, tlie whole amount of the 59;000;000 to motet the wants of the year, as well as the future inilliaao to meet the wants of succeeding years as long as the war lasts, wUJ have,tq, be raised by taxation. Should not tlie planters and property holders- off whom the burthen must tall, come forward cheerfully and eo-operato with the Government in this financial, scheme, which in the end will work: so advantageously to them ? The country must be sustained. Every one agrees. to tlifcr. Our all depends upon it. The perpetuation-of the grand idea of self-government announced by our sires and grand sires in' '76 depends upon it.— The hopcs’of mankind and the-world de pend upooit. - Then people of Wilkes, come forward willingly 7 ,- patriotically and zeal ously to the great work. It is fitting this appeal should be made to you here first. You occupy revolutionary ground. ’Twas here your revolutionary sires erected the standard of independence while it was yet almost a wilderness. ’Twas here they periled everything dear to them, not only a portion of their crops, but everything they possesseed in tho world in defence of Constitutional liberty for themselves and their posterity. They wore not situated as you are, surrounded with the .comforts, realth and .elegancies of life. They were ioor, with the Indian savage close by, lesetall around by royalists and ' They risked tlieir af*“ for that cause, the made you what woods they erect when driven from fort the the first was given the name of him who after wards was so justly styled “the Father of his Country.” Tho principles they fought for under Washington’s lead aro again in danger. Will you with all your means be. Jess ardent now in their support than were your fathers in the days of theirweakness' and their poverty ? The two Heroines Misses Kerr and HcLeod. Tlie two noble heroines, Misses Abbio Kerr and Mary McLeod of Fairmonnt, Ma rion county 1 , who rode from their homos to Phillippi, a distance of thirty odd miles, to apprise our forces there of the approach of the enemy,, arrived in Staunton by the Western train on Wednesday, night last, and remained till Friday morning, when they went to Richmond. While here they . were the “observed of all observers,” and were received with a cordial welcome. Great anxiety was manifjstcd by all to hear a detailed account of their interesting adventures from their own lips. They left • Fail-mount at 6 o’clock on Sunday morn ing, and hastened, without osqorts to Phil- lippi! They had not gone a great distanco before they found that a shoe of one of the horses needed fixing. They stopped at a blacksmith shop for that purpose and while there a Union man came up and questioned them very closely as to where they were go ing. Miss McLeod replied to his interroga tories—telling him that their surriamewas Fleming and that they 7 Wore going to Bar bour county to see their relations. Their interrogator seemed to be very hard to sat isfy, and jt taxed the ingenuity of MissMo- Lcod to imprbviso a story, which would succeed in imposing upon him. As soon as tho horse-slioe bad been fixed, they tftgaio proceeded on their way, but had not gone far before their evil genius their inter rogator at the blaoksmifh shop dashed by them on horseback. They perceived-that liie suspicions had been aUayed, and that, ho waigoing on in advance of them to fieVakf tlie approach of spies. They 7 allowed him t<» pass out of sight in advance; and- tlmn destroyed • tho letters they had in possession that tho search of their persons, to which they thou anticipated they would be required to sub mit, might not betray them. When they arrived at the village cf Webster, tjioy found it in commotion, and many persons were anxiously awaiting their arrival ia tho eager hope of capturing the spies. They were there subjected to a vigorous cross-examination. The heroines were calm and self-possessed—answering their ques tions without hesitancy—and expressed a perfect willingness to have their persons searched by any 7 lady they might select for that purpose. They wore allowed to pass on, after being "detained fir some time, hut there were some in tlie crowd who were very much opposed to it. As soon as they got out of sight of that village they rode very rapidly, for fear that they might still be arrested by some of those who were so much opposed to allowing them to proceed. They arrived at Fhillippi about 2 o’clock in the aitortYOOii of tho samo. day, and told Col. Porterfield that tho enemy would at tack his camp that night or tlie next morn ing. These ladies then went to the house of a Mr. Huff about a mile and a half from Phillippi, whore they stayed all night. The next morning they heard the report of the firing at Phillippi, and in disguise, accompanied by a country woman, return ed to Phillippi on foot to see what had been the result. They moved about amidst tho cnetrty withou^bcing detected or molested in tho least degveo. Going into ono of the hons- es; they found James Withers, oftho Rock bridge Cavalry, who had concealed -lTim- self there to preveut the enemy 7 from cap- - Hiring him. These ladies immediately told him that they 7 would effect his resene if he womd trust .to them. Ho very 7 read ily consented", whereupon those ladies dis guised lvim~ as a common countryman by furnishing him with some old clothes, then gave him a.basket of soap, with a re cipe for making ft, that lie might pass as a pedlcr of that necessary article. With these old clothes and hishaskit of soap on his ami and gallantly mounted upon a mule accompanied by his guardian angels, ho pissed safely tlirough.the crowds of the en emy, and was brought by 7 them safe and sound into tho camp of his friends at Bov- erly 7 , after a circuitous and hard ride over precipitous mountains .where persons sel dom rode before,his fellow-soldiers and friends rejoiced greatly whori' tie arrived, for they thought that lie was cither killed or taken prisoner by tho enemy*—they re joiced that the supposed “dead was alivo, and tho lost was found.” lie is uow known in our camp as the, “pedlor of soau.” The heroic conduct of these ladies.,will live in history, and they'will become tho heroines of matiy a thrillifig'Story offietionin years to como.—Staunton Spectator. As Arkansas Heroine.—Tho Pocahon tas, Arkansas, Advertisor, of tin olst ult., has the following: Miss Williams, the daughter of Isaac Williams, living in Black River swamp, about seven miles from tiffs place, heard the report of the approach of troops to this on Sunday 7 evening. Her father wa9 not at home, but she immediately caught a horse and was soon off in search Of him. Sfielbmid him at a neighbor’s and told him toliui-ty hoine and get his gun and como here and. help drive back tlie enemy 7 . She then returned home, got down her fajlier’s. rifle, moulded his lead into bullets took tho ghii.^dtader and bullets,-and hid than) under tho bouse, and again got on horse and rode to several houses andjqiread the alarm, returning home in time to give l tfce<Mu^‘Ms*4|uquM^ Yumnnnition, and startedhim, with u crowd of ten. men whom ishe.btid collected, for tlie jtyuo of action. Alt of this she did in less than two hoars. lloNesT FaSmer.—H’wo farmers having a dispute as to sonic laud, an action ut law was commenced to determine it. On the day 7 fixed for the trial, one of them called on his opponent to accompany him to the coart that each might give his own state ment oTthe case.j|£Findingliis neighbor at work in* “Is it i ourj o,”

Georgia Historic Newspapers

The Southern watchman. (Athens, Ga.) 1854-1882, July 10, 1861, Image 1