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ky John II. Christy. Inbegtnknl Jmito 3<raraak--$ebattb to Itfos, politics, Hgritultan, Current literature, #r. Two Dollars, in advance, VOLUME IX. — A.TEGETSTS, APRIL 30, 1862. NUMBER 5. « £ SOUTHERN WATCHMAN. Wl^lSUtteW. 'I’li'.R AT / vUU TERMS. loNLYTWO DOLLARS A-YEAR, II Haiti f« advance; otherwise, Three iJollun. ).»ij>cr will bo discontinued (except at the option 1)1 Uie (Jitor) until all arrearages are paid. ADVERTISING-. I, -al mlvcvtisements inserted at the usual rates. Transient advertisements, when not marked, will be : 1,-iied till f*>rbid, at *»ne Dollar per square of 9 linos r the first, and Fifty Cents per square for each subse quent insertion. \ liberal deduction to yearly advertisers. .r Announcements of candidates $5, in advance. .y Oliitiuiry notices exceeding six lines in length l,i I,, charged as advertisements. business n\ ^rolcssiml fobs. ! i M. WYNG & CO., Dealers in V, hard waul, crockery, ciiina and ’ass. 11 road Street. Athens, Ca. if rT11ENS STEAM COMPANY.- ■\_ 1! NICKERSON. Agcnt,and Superintendent.— •iiiiifaeturer.'.' of Circular Saw Mills, Steam En- ues, Foreing and Lifting PUMPS, Shakting and utiiskhv ; Mill. Gin and all other kinds of GEA'R- j'* lulN and Hrass Castings, of every description. UTin.Vtl, Repairing and Finishing promptly exe- Select patterns of Iron Fencing. Terms, CAsn. 1 W, & II. R J. LONG, Wholesale Jm an.I Retail DRUGGISTS. Athena, Ga. T. 11 L. McCLESKKY, M.D., having permanently located in Athens, will continue practice of Medicine and Surgery, Residence, that ailv occupied by Mr. Chase—Office, at home, where nav be found. tf A. LOWRANCE, Surgeon Den- TIST, Athens, Go. Office on CollegcAvenue, ,, ,t the .Jewelry storo of Messrs. Talmadge t ’ll'inn. TT GILLELAND, Dentist, Wat- [ { , kinsvi’lo, Ga., respectfully solicits the patron- \ the surrounding country. Full satisfaction will lu given ia his profession. tf j M. KENNEY, (next door to the i s Rank of Athens.) constantly keeps on hand STA- l l.t and FANCY DRV GOODS, and Choice Family lir , cries, cheap for cash, or to prompt customers. M. MATTHEWS, Attorney at LAW. Daniolsville, Ga. May 1. JOHN 11. CHRISTY, Plain and l'am v BOOK AND JOB PRINTER, Broad St., (Athens, Ga. Office corner Broad and Wall streets, over (lie -tore ef Ransom A Pittard. tf_ TAMES A. CARLTON, Dealer in Fancy and Staple DRY GOODS, Hardware i,l Crockcrv. No. 8, Granite Row, Athens. F. O'KELLEY, Photograph and ► AMRROTYPE ARTIST. Rooms on Broad and i.» streets, over tho storo of John R. Matthews, ils. Ga. MarH-tf K. DAVIS, Land Broker, Collec- » TO It an! GENERAL AGENT, Augusta, Ga.— .,'ss atumded to in any county of the State. Office •r of .lacks ui auo Ellis streets. P. MASON & CO., Bookbinders. * Paper Rulers and Blank Book Manufacturer. Ylntehail street, Atlanta, Ga. ithens. Ga. J. 11. CuHtfiTY, Agent, j uly22—ly ATMAN & SUMMEY, Dealers in J1ARDAY ARE and CUTLERY, corner of Broad p Wall streets, Athens, Ga. tf > 1TNE1L - ENGLAND & FREE- MAN, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in GROCE- tll'S, DRY GOODS, HARDWARE, SHOES A BOOTS, (road Street, Athens, Ga. tf IT BARRY, Fashionable Boot and I • SHOE-MAKER, Broad street, Athens, Ga., i* ■n ays in readiness to fill orders iu Ills lino. i!^ BISHOP & SON. Wholesale and 18 • Retail Dealers in GROCERIES, HARDWARE Ll STAPLE DRY GOODS, No. 1, Broad st., Athens, kYTM. L. MARLER, Attorney at II t LAW, Jefferson, Jackson county, Ga.- Kiipkiiknues.—J. M. Me Lester ami YV. S. Thompson, Is,,,.. Jefferron: D. AY. Speuco and T. M. Peeples, Esq. •ncoville: John II. Newton and J. H. Christy, Ithens. tf TM. G. DELONY, Attorney at LAAY, Athens, Ga., will attend promptly to all ess entrusted to his care. Office on Broad street, I. M. Kenney’s store. if . PHILIPS, Attorney at Law, Marietta- Ga., will practice in all the counties Blue Ridge Circuit, in the county of Fulton, of the Circuit, iu the Supreme Court, and in the U. S. t Court at Marietta. tf \Y*, LVI1ITE & RITCH, Wholesale & Retail CLOTHIERS and MERCHANT TAI- Broad street, Athens. Ga. Y/'M. nTwIIITE, Bookseller and IT STATIONER, and Newspaper and Magazine ..t—Dealer in Music A Musical Instruments, Lamps, 11 Cutlery, Fancy Goods, Ac.', corner Broad Street and rilege Avenue. Orders promptly tilled at Augusta rat os. GLOBE HOTEL, Augusta, Ga. AUSTIN MULLAKKY, PROPRIETOR. kTOTICE.—Passengers holding Thvough 1’iekets, will bo carried to and from this Hotel free of Omnibna Pefr. 27.—ly REMOVAL. 'HE suhgcrlher has removed bis Boot an d Shoe Es- tahligbmetit to his former stand on tl-.e east side of keon street, whore ho will he pleased t/> wait ou his mis and the public. [.Ionia. CHARLES HUGHES. BLA.CKSMITHING. REMOVAL. 'HE subscriber has removed his shop to the stand formerly occupied by J. B. Burpee, corner of Jack- aud Clayton streets—where ho'is remly to have i‘ry thing in theBIaeksmithingliue promptly executed. 1 J.inKu J. M. ROYAL. DBBLS. New Orleans Syrup ; 9j half ibis. “ “ sale cheap for-each- J. I. COLT. ■LujD. No. ll and 12, Prnukliu Home Building. Buggies! Buggies! O NF.AV B UGGIES, 1 Second-hand Buggy, 1 Four Horse AVagou, 1 Two Horse Wagon, l One Florae AVagen, 1 Ox Cart, now and complete, 1 Pair Carry-Log Wheels, 1 Carry-Log, complete, 10,000 Buggy and AA r ngon £ iSiiggy Shafts, Hubs aud F«" £nt Leather, Buggj- aud 1 fatty Trimmings, Bar-* "ether. For sale lew 1 September 10. 1 — (UWNG Esq., will ^ the late AV. Jan. A] by fresh tro N*firs. In vi toNrest his n ield ofr Shiloh, 3 io Tennessee, River,) V ight, April 7, 1862. ) the Savannah Republican. fe of Shiloh. HE SECOND DAI’S FIGHT. Battle Field o! Shiloh, (Near the Monday Night, irVe have lmd another day of battle and blood. The fight avhs renewed this morn ing at eight o’clock by the enemy, who had been reinforced during the night; and with the exception of short breathing spells it raged with tremendous violence and fury until night separated the combatants. But I am anticipating the events of the day. Let me resume the narrative where my last letter left it, and rehearse the va ry i n g fortu nes of the day in th e order of their occurrence. This is necessary to a proper j understanding of the battle; and until this general sketch or outline is drawn, it will ho impossible to enter iuto those minor de tails which constitute an interesting fea ture in tho picture. Night alone prevented us from reaping the fruits of our brilliant victory of yes terday. It was quite dark when we chas ed the foe back to Pittsburg Landing, where lie sought protection from Lis gun boats and river works. Had Beauregard possessed the power of Joshua to command the sun to stand still in the heavens for tho space of an hour our victory would have been us complete as that of the grea Hebrew Avarrior. As it Avas, *ve expected to bo able to capture so much of the Fcde ral force this morning as could not be tVans ferrod to the other bank of the ri\ ? er las 1 night, unless large reinforcements should come to their relief. Tho enemy recei\ T ed the most important aid from his gunboats. Indeed, he is in debted to these gunboats for his escape from certain destruction. They, together with his river works, answered the valua ble purpose of •fortifications, to which he could retire when beaten on the field. With only our light field pieces, it Avas im possible to operate at night with any hope of success against these Avorks and boats, or to prosecute during tho heavy siorm that followed the work of completing the victory. Our forces had reached the river in one or two places as night came on, and in this way had gained some knoAvledge of the ground and tho nature and position of tho enemy’s defenses. With this knowl edge, and the enemy driven into close quarters and caught betAveen our lines and tho nvor, there was every reason to believe wo would be able to capture the larger pai’t of his forces this morning, provided they werti not reinforced during the night or transferred to the other bank of the river. The boats kept up a constant fire dtir- * ing the night from their heavy guns. It appears that the enemy did not seek to re cross the river. Knowing tbatlarge rein forcements were at hand, he held his po sition on the river bank until this morn ing. Gen. Beauregard knew there was a division ot‘7,000 men at Cramp’s Landing, a few miles below Pittsburg, and he gave orders last night to proceed against them this morning, and to capture them. This division succeeded, however, in forming a junction with the forces at Pittsburg, and at 8 o’clock this morning the Federals, thus reinforced, moved out from the river and offered us battle. They must have known that other reinforcements Avere at hand, arid that they would aprive upon the field at an early hour. Tho fight was renewed about a mile and a half from the river or midway between the river and the Federal encampment. The enemy came up to the work with great spirit and resolution. Appeals had doubtless been made to the men during the night,- and tho re-possession of their camp represented to them as- a point ol honor from which there could be no escape. The attack was directed against our cen tre; and though vigorous and spirit ed, and not expected, it was repulsed, and tho enemy driven hack with great slaughter. He rallied again, however, and this time he moved with an increased force upon our right Aving. Here, too, he was repulsed and forced to retire. His next attempt Avas directed against oar left wing, bis attacks growing more vigorous and his forces increasing with each succeed ing movement. Indeed it was now evident that he had received large accessions to his ranks, and that wo had fresh troops and heavy odds to contend, against. But the Confederates nobly did their duty, and the attack on tho left ivas also repulsed. Tho enemy again retired but only for a time; for Buell’s forces had now come up and the attack was rcneiyed all along our lines, on the right, center and left. Simul taneously with this, an attempt was made to turn both our wings.- The battle uoav ragod with indescribable fury. I have never heal’d or imagined anything like the roar of the artillery, and the incessant rattle of the small arms. The deep thunder bass of the one, and tho sharp, shrill tenor of the other, intermin gled with! the shrieks of bursting shells and the Avhizziug of cleaving rifled cannon balls, were grand beyond description. It was the awful Hymn of Battle, rolling upward to tho skies and literally shak ing the earth beneath. It was a solemn anthem, the notes of which were trac ed in blood, and uttered from brazen .. -i- that might have satisfied Mars of the wounded. It was evident, too, that the enemy bad been largely reinforced, and that each succeeding attack was made troops and overwhelming nure view of these fapts, and in order men, and to prevent an unneces sary loss of life, Gen. Beauregard availed himself of the fulling back of tho. Federals to withdraw his troops to the enemy’s line of encampment, where Ave rested last night. This was about a mile and a halffrom the point where tho fight commenced this morning. The enemy hesitated for some time, but finally’ came up and renewed the conflict. He was met with undiminished courage and resolution by the Confederates, who displayed the greatest possible gallantry. The battle raged on, and night alone sepa rated the combataucs. At length the euemy fell back, and so did the Confederates, both sides badly worsted and severely punish ed. Hardee, w’ho commanded the front line or corps, held his ground until the enemy withdrew. Our reserves had been engaged throughout the day, and Polk, Bragg, and Hardee, each in his proper po sition, were in immediate command upon the field, and nobly co-operated in the Avork of the day. They deserve great cred it, as do the brigade and regimental officers, as do the gallant spirits whom they led to buttle. Gen. Breckenridge particularly distinguished himself. Though not a mil itary man by profession, Gen. Beauregard is reported to have said that he displayed great aptitude, and sagacity, and handled his brigade with skill and judgment. Having said thus much, I feel it to be my duty as a faithful chronicler of the times, to refer to a matter hero Avhieh had a con trolling influence upon tho fortunes of the day. Our attack yesterday was so sudden and successful, that the enmey found it impos sible to remove his quartermaster and com missary stores, or even to save the bag gage of the men. The temptation thus presented was too great for our troops to resist. Sunday night large numbers of them, supposing there would be .no more fighting, set to wxtrk to gather up such spoils as the Federal encampment contain ed. There were arms, overcoats, caps, shoes, coffee, sugar, provisions, trunks, blankets, liquors, private letters, and num berless other things which the enemy had been compelled to abandon. Such of our troops as Avere engaged in searching out the AA’ounded and dead, or Avere not re strained by a sense of duty, \Y*anderod from their respective camps, and spent much of the night in plundering. Orders had been issued by General Beauregard positively prohibiting anything of the kind, but many of the troops are raw, and officers and men were alike elated at our success; and con- i sequently, the necessary steps were not taken to enforce the orders of the Com- mander-in-Ckief. At an early hour this morning, the men renewed their search after the spoils of victory, and many of them were separated from their comman ders when the enemy renewed the battle. Some of them had even started back to their camps, loaded with such articles as they had.been able to find. After deducting the killed and wounded, and those Avho were engaged in removing the wounded, it Avould be no exaggeration to say five thousand sound and able bodied inen hadthus wandered out of the line, aud took no part whatever in the battle to-day. On the other hand, the enemy had been largely reinforced. Thus, with a diminished force on our part, we had to meet fresh troops and a more numerous army than that we en countered yesterdaj T . And thus, too, the spoils have prevented us from again driv ing the enemy back into the Tennessee, notwithstanding the great odds in his favor. It was well enough, while the conflict lasted, that our troops should exchauge their smooth-bored muskets and shot guns for the splendid arms thrown away by the retreating foe , but there can be no excuse for the disgraceful proceedings to which.! have alluded. The spoils of victory are not less demor alizing than defeat and disaster. Such is the lesson taught by history in all ages of the world, from the time when Achan was seduced by “ the wedge of gold,” down to the present day. It is hoped that the ex-- penenco of this day will>not be thrown away either by our officers or soldiers. P. W. A. stood their ground us onset, and for the fourth s compelled to retire. ok a thousand waves— icblin.” From tho Muj^Ilo Advertiser. The Day t^fer the Battle. ;ry, near Shiloh, ) Tuesday, llfA. M. April 8,1862. } Meeting with an opportunity to send forward my letter of last night, I have opened it for the present hour. Neither party has showed a disposition to renew the fight this morning. We have not sought the enemy and they have not sought us. Both sides seem to have had enough of battle. Atter scowling at each other, like two exhausted pugilists, with bloodshot eyes and bruised and battered bodies they have turned away and left the contest still undecided. The Confederates aro quietly returning to their lines and the Federals to theirs. We have burnt a good many of their tents, and brought away a great deal of their baggage and camp pro perty, and all the guns captured on Sun day." The medical stores were to have been removed yesterday, but the renewal of the fight early in the morning prevented it. *" i took other guns yesten n Aver iut little. away a number of wagons and horses, and some ambulances. But no account has yet been taken of our captures, a nd I forbear entering into further details until reliable data can be obtained. For the same reason, I shall offer no opinion as to the number of killed and wounded on either side. I hope the Con federate loss is not so large an many be lieve it to be. T am satisfied that the num ber killed is notin the usual proportion to the wounded. This is owing, doubtless, to the protection afforded by the trees. 6 P. M.—The enemy ventured so far this afternoon as to send out a cavalry regi ment a short distance in the direction of our lines. General Breckenridge sent the Texan Rj*ngers and Forest and his mount ed men after them, who captured about fifty prisoners and chased the remainder back and through two regiments of infan try that had come along to support them. In the confusion that ensued among the Federals, they fired upon theii: OAvn caval ry aud Yvounded and killed a number of then.. Col. Forest received a shot in tho side, Yvhich passed around near the spine, making rather an ugly wound. The entire Federal force engaged immediately fell back in evident disorder. It would be premature at this time to indulge in speculation upon the results.of the two days’ battle, out of which we have juest emerged. I may be permitted to say, hoYvever, that the effect upon tho Confed erates has been to inspire them with fresh confidence aud renewed determination. They have felt of the encmj T and themselves passed through the fire and will be the better prepared for a sceond great battle Avhieh is to come off at or near Corinth. I am not informed as to the extentof the- reinforcements Avhieh the enemy has re ceived, or of his ability to undertake an early forward movement. He has been badly crippled and cut up, and has lost much valuable property, and many of his best field pieces. Moreover, the roads aro in a shocking condition. It rained very hard last night and again to-day, and there is a prospect for more rain to-night. AH' these things will tend to delay further ac tive operations by either party. C'orresjioiidciice of the Mobile Register. Corinth, Apri l 12, 1862. Both armies seem to have settled doYvn into a state of quiet. There is more or less skirmishing betYveen tho pickets and cav alry, in which the Confederates invariably get the best of it. Ithas rained almost unin terruptedly since tho battle, and the con dition of the roads is such ns to render them impassable to artillery a.nd baggage trains. jR'is not probable, therefore, that the enemy will undertake any offensive movement of a general charac ter for some days—perhaps not for two Aveeks.* The seizure of the Memphis and Charles ton Railroad at Huntsville should create no alarm; It is to bo regretted, of courso, but it has been expected for some time. The army for the defence of tho South west has already been more or loss con centrated; and should it be found necessa ry to call for additional troops from the South Atlantic States, they can be for warded by another route. The interrup tion of communication by the road will doubtless interfere with arrangements of the Quartermaster’s Department, which has been drawing a good deal of forage from poipts east of Huntsville. So much greater the necessity, therefore, that ev ery blad« of fodder and every grain of corn, in the Cotton States, should be care fully husbanded. Nothing upon which man or beast can subsist should or ought to be wasted. There is no reason to belie ve that the enemy will seek to move down into Ala bama from Huntsville. His destination is Memphis and New Orleans. He may occupy so much of Alabama as lies north •ofthe Tennessee river, but he Aviil hardly venture to cross the river so far east. That portion of the railroad lying north of the river cannot be much, if any, less than one hundred miles long. A complete muster roll of the Federal expedition to the Tennessee, was found in the battle field. It shoYvs that the enemy had a force at and around the battle ground of 61,003 men. This includes the division of Gen. Lewis Wallace at Cramp’s landing, four miles below Pittsburg, and which was not engaged until early Mon day meybing. There were 21 batteries, averaging six pieces to the battery—thus mmdvg the nuinberof their guns 126. Af ter /Redacting tho divisions at Crump’s landing, and allowing 5,000 for the sick, we ha\ r e»^rce of 48,500 men. These men we fought on Sunday. The forces opposed to us on Monday, 25,000 of Avhora were fresh troops, were still larger. Allow 10,- 000 for the captured, killed, wounded and disabled on Sunday, there would still re main of the original force 38,200 men, Wal lace’s division of 7,500 aud Buell’s rein forcements, who came up Monday, rough ly estimated at 17,500—making together 25,000 men—would swell the Federal ar my opposed to. us on Monday to 62,000. These fresh forces doubtless brought with them as many guns as Ave bud captured, which would leave their artillery about as strong on Mpnday as it was strong on Sunday. It would be Improper, perhaps, to offer any estimate ot the forces engaged on our side. When all the facts shall have come e found additton- so justly feci in really existed; and I am glad to hiyre it in my power to state, as the result of my own personal observation on the field, and from information derived from official sources, that all our troops behaved, with the greatest gallantry. They conducted themselves as men ought to do who were fighting for their hearthstones and for liberty itself. Alabama has just reason to feel gratified with the performance of her heroic children. This is the judgment of all mon. And while all the superior offi cers distinguished themselves, your own Gen. Withers was among the most heroic and daring, gallantly leading his men in the very thickest of tho fight. He escaped, I am glad to say, Avithont a scratch. The dashing Gen. Gladden, who so ably led four of your own rogiments until be lost an arm, has just breathed his last. A brave officer and noble soldier has gone down, but his name will long live on glo ry’s page. It is now stated that Gen. Johnston Avas not struck in tho body at all; but that ho Avas wounded in the foot and just above and behind the knee. It was the latter wound that proved fatal. Tho ball cut an artery, and he was so far in advanco that ho bled to death before a surgeon could be brought up! It was a critical moment, and he placed himself at the head of a brigade and made a bold dash at the ene my Avhieh literally scattered them to the winds. But his life Yvas the price of our success. All honor to the fallen chief! He entered the battlo with the resolution to return victorious or die upon his shield. He did both! The battle abounded in acts of personal prowess and individual gallantry. I have already alluded to such as came to m} 1 knoAvledge; but the weather has been such, and the facilities for visiting the camps, which occupy an area of several miles, are so limited, that I have not found it possible to collect and verify them for publication. Many of them will reach you through privato letters, and to them I must refer you for the present. One thing I must urge upon the people at home and that is to fill up as rapidly as possible the places of tho noble dead. Ma ny of the companies and regiments have suffered very heavily, some of them have been decimated, and but few were ever entirely full. Let recruits come forward at once, and take up the arms that havo been laid aside by the fallen brave. Anoth er great battle will be fought here soon ; if not here, then somewhere in the vicinity of the Tennessee river. But whenever fought, it must be more or less decisive of the campaign in tho Southwest. Cavalry are not wanted; we have too many now. Tho oouiitrjr is nnanLted_to thisjrind of ser. vice. Such is the opinion of our beaF~our- ' cers; and I doubt whether anymore cav alry would ho received, if offered. No return has been made, as far as I have been informed of the number of guns captured. The reports of the killed and wounded come in slowly also, owing to the active duty up in which many of the regiments are engaged. We still hold a part of the battle field, and troops who are thus engaged have but l.ttle time to pre pare reports. Our entire loss it is now thought is quite 3,000. At least one- third of the Yvounded are already on their feet. I have just heard that among the slain on the Federal side was Gen. Lewis Wal lace, who commanded tho division brought up from Crump’s lauding. The command ers of divisions were Sherman, Smith, sick, Prentiss, McClernard, Huriburt and the two Wallaces. On our side Gen. Johnston was killed, and Gen. Gladden has since died. Cheat ham was wounded in the shoulder, and had three horses shot under him. Bushrod Johuston yvus wounded in the side ; Har- *dee very slightly in the arm and side, and horse shot, and Bonner in the neck—all slight. Major Gilmer, Chief o.f Engineers, had his arm broken by a spent ball—Yvound not serious. A courier has this moment brought neYvs of the capture of Decatur. I return to Memphis for a few days, to lo.ok after alfains up the Mississippi, apd to in ill i i ~rwaari jfnrr ~~i ivy arrangements for the cami W. A. A Captain Who didn’t Know Gen. Johnson. The Rihmond correspondent of the Charleston Courier relates tho following anecdote of Geb. Joseph E. Johnston: One of his favorite officers, indeed a messnfate, accosted him pleasantly a few mornings since. But the General scowled, muttered to himself, and never recognized the compliment. The unfortunate felt not only slighted, but humiliated. He went to Major Rhett; related whit had passed, and grievously protested that be knew not how he could have offended Tils superior offieor. Dinner hour having come, our pining friend was not at the mess,. “ Where is ?” inquired Gen eral Johnson. “ He is mortified and afflic ted by the slight which you put upon him this morning.” “Mo slight him?” ex claimed the General. u I have not seen him to-day.” An explanation ensued ; the officer was sent for, Johnson apologized, and peace was again restored to the bo som of a loyal and sensitive soldier. Boon after, however, while pacing in one of these moods by the door of his resident out, however, the al reason for th an officer, with a saddle quired of another, did you observe?” “ I said have that sad dle ready in an hour,” responded Captain Obstreprous. “ Do you know who I am ?” “yes, you are shoemaker, and I want you to hurry up too !” “I am General John son,” shouted the commander. In anoth er moment, the saddle was picked up, and the-captain in retreat. “Halt!” shouted the General, who told yoa I was a shoe maker?” f -An officer, sir—I don’t know his name.” “ Then leave the saddle and return in an hour precisely.” He heard and obeyed. In one hour the saddle was mended and in his possession. “ Now Cap tain,” said the General, “endeavor to serve your Country as I have endeavored to ob- lige you, and depart.” Such a man makos heroes and patriots out of soldiers. How to Smoke oat an Enemy. A Mr. Macintosh has offered to the Brit ish government a new destructive, which is thus described and commented upon by the London Morning News: “ Be it known, then, that those who in tend to attack a sea fort or battery upon the patent principle have only to provide themselves with a suitable coil of hose, a force-pump, a stock of coal naptha, and a ball of potassium. Taking care to keep well to windward of tho point to be assail ed, tho tacking party allow the tube to drift towards it by means of a boat or oth er buoyant object; they then discharge through the tubing a supply of the naptha, which cannot mix Avith the Avater, and may now easily be inflamed, as it floats B upon the surface, by means of a pellet of potas sium. Immediately there arises from the blazing naptha a dense suffocatiug vapor, almost as intolerable as 'a London fog. Ill bbia horrible atmosphere the unfortu nate enemy becoming enveloped, has no possible alternative but either to fly or to remain and be asphyxiated. In any case resistance is useless; tbo assailants cannot be descried through the impenetrable car- bonio curtain; there is no need of any ex penditure of ammunition, and the day ia noiselessly won. “ The idea, it must bo admitted, is inge nious, though perhaps not absolutely orig inal. Iri the insect world the bombardier beetle, when pursued by a hungry adver sary, discharges, with a bright flash and a sharp explosion, from a minute ‘ stern- chaser,’ a volume of acrid smoke, effectu ally preventing further pursuit. The cut tle-fish, again, having vainly tried other modes of escape, suddenly has recourse, like certain officials, to a discharge of iulc, and so baffles all further investigation. The American skunk is provided for pui’- poses of selt-defonce with the means of gen erating at will an atmosphere nearly as pestilential’as that of one of our own laY\r + COUrCS, or vfirOT»wd«4flmnilius. .WO have it upon the best authority that Juno, when placed in an awkward predicament by tho importunities of Ixion, Avas relieved from her embarrassment by a ready and judi cious application of smoke. JEneas, too, as we all know, was saved from an untime ly fate by similar means. Few people will fail to recall, as belonging to this ‘ class of cases,’ that memorable duel, so Avell de scribed by Marryat, in which tho midship man, after a rapid • dischargo of several ship’s pistols, with which he had been lib erally supplied by his second, the gunner, had a cutlass put into his hand by the same functionary, with an emphatic injunction to 1 board’ the enemy in 1 the smoke’ before he recovered from his confusion !” We have not the sligliest wish, however, to detract from the great merit of Mr. Mac intosh’s invention, by hinting at any lack of originality, nor oven to throAv the least doubt upon its practicability. There are various other modes of applying this bot tled smoke, according to the peculiar exi gencies of different cases. Experiments on a large scale at Portsmouth have prov ed that the execution of tho various plans is simple, certain and comparatively inex pensive. The truth Forcibly Presented. We make the following extract from a late letter written by Rev. W. M. Crumly, now in Richmond, to the Southern Chris tian Advocate: ce the army has become more active, rc is an increased confidence and a ch better spirit among the troops and the ^itizens. Let all now do their duty, cease to find fault and pray for our cause, and for the men who are iu authority, and I think the tide of battle will turn and vic tory will yet be ours. Under God, I look on the destinies of our country and the results of this war, as now being in the hands of tbe cotton planters. They are soon to decide wheth er Ave are “ to ho or not to be.” The cot ton seed planted will be far more ruinous than mionie balls or conical shot from the enemy. I ask no better test of a man’s patriotism than a programme of his crop this year. If much cotton is planted and we have a bad crop year, which almost certainly follows a warm, wet winter,fam ine added to war will annihilate this fair est portion of God’s heritage. Lot no man think now of making money, but of secur ing our liberties and a home and a country for ourselves and children. Pray for us who are hero in the midst of diseas®iand death, and who are strongly threatened of being cut offfrom our homes and friends by tho enemy gettinMfcosses- on his back, in- sion of our railroads