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By John H. Christy.
S* InkjeriDmt cfamilg 3<ranral:—gtbofelr to fttfes, ^griraltra,
VOLUME IX.
s, an) % dtnetal fntaste of
Three Dollars, in advance.
ATHENS, JANUARY 14, 1863.
miHBER 41
the southern watchman.
TERMS.
TlllVETE. DOLLARS \»er^ear,
STRICTLY IN ADV AN C E.
ADVERTISING.
Kc-hI a0vortwero'.Tils inwrted at the usual rates.
Transient advertisements, when not marked, will be
toet’s (Stomef.
Led iforbid, at One Dollar per square of 0 linea
u first, and Fifty Ceuta per square for each subse-
q.jcnt insertion.
*f A liberal deduction to yearly advertisers.
-.yAnnouticcuicntaof candidates Si, in advance,
■y Obituary notices exceeding six lines in length
-m i,c charged as advertisements.
SOUTHERN WATCHMAN
CALENDAR FOR 1863.
*sf *»• 5c
I*, •• ! ii *
Jan
H
Feb.
Mar ■
Apr 1
May.
Jnne
*\ ^ 8, 7; * 010
U 12 IS 14jl5|l6;17
is 19;2<l:2l;22 23 24
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22.23 24.2i 20j27 28
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11 15 10 17 1 s. 19120
21 22 33 54 25126:27
2s 29 80'...l...f......
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July.
Aug.':
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Si-' £
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7
sl 9
1314
15 16
20 21
22*23
27:28
29*30
3j 4
5 6
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12.13
Sept.
Oct.
17,18
12312425
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18 19’20I21 22|23:24
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Nov...; l! 2; 3 4 6 *6, 7
| 8! #-10jlljl2 18(14
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22 23-24)25 26'.27 28
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business <utb professional Carbs.
MrD^TO^^GoTDealereln
HARDWARE, CROCKERY, CHINA AND
tiUJS, Broad Street, Athens, (la. tf
THENSSTEAM COMPANY —
K. NICKERSON, Agent.and Superintendent.—
Mauufsi'turcrs of Circular Saw Mills, Steam En-
eines, Forcing and Lifting PUMPS, Shafting aud
MuniNKuv; Mill, GiS and%1J other kinds of OEAR-
I.'.'d. h. \ and Bbass Castings, of every description.
cMITlDXO. Repairing and Finishing promptly exe-
I. Select patterns of Iron Fencing.-. Terms, cash.
(\ W. & 17 ItT J. LONG, Wholesale
VV • and Retail DRUGGISTS, Athens, Ga.
A
G
II
aver t
II
1 L. iMeCLESKEYj-M.D., having
permanently located in Athens, will continue
■ i ce of Medicine and Surgery. Residence, that
, occupied by Mr. Chase—Office, at home, where
be found. ; tf
A. LOWR ANCE, Surgeon Den-
» TIST, Athens, Ga. Office on OollegeAvenue,
r the Jewelry More of Messrs. Talmadge <fc Winn.
G1LLELAND, Dentist, Athens.
> Office over White’s Book Store.
Special attention given to Plate Work.
T M. KEN NEY, (next door to the
X • Rank of Athens, t constantly keeps on band STA-
FU: and FANCY DRY GOODS, and Choice Family
Groceries, cheap for cash, or to prompt customers.
T M. MATTHEWS, Attorney at
U • LAW, Danielsviide, Ga. May 1.
TORN H. CHRISTY, Plain and
♦I Fancy BOOK AND JOB PRINTER, Broad St.,
Athens. (la. Office corner Broad and Wall streets, over
the stoic of Sansoia A Pittnrd. tf
1 F. O’KELLEY, Photograph and
” • A M BROTH PE A RTIST. Rooms on Broad and
spring streets, over the store of John R. Matthews,
(From the Richmond Whig.)
• The Battle of Fredericksburg.
BY MBS. M. ». WBITAKEK.
A misty morn on Stafford's hills arouse.
Where tnarahailc- ranks confront a host of foes:
In Rappahannock's valos the invaders stand,.
Advancing war arouses all the land.
Artillery roars,—the rattling death shot fly,
Bright spears gleam forth,—broad banners wave on
high,
The maddened war horse bounds along the plain,
And shouts arise of terror, wrath and pain.
0, valorous South ! thy wrongs for vengeance call.
Dismayed, tby focmen halt,—they fly,—they fall;
Bravo Longstreetthunders, dreadful,in theirrear,
And Jackson’s dag victorious sweeps the air.
The mists disperse,—The sun gleams out serene.
But battle clouds aud b.ood deform the scene;
Prone iu the dust the gory courser lies,
Bsside his rider, nevermore to rise.
The field is won,—that crimson field of flame;—•
Exult, O, South,—thy fbes depart with shame;
Tho vulture daps his baleful wings, and hies
Back cowering to his rucks and murky skies.
Rejoice, fair sisters of the radiant South,
Yet, laurel crowned, come slowly weeping forth ;
Mourn for tb 2 slain, bright daughters of the Sun,
Who come no more from battles fought and won.
Georgia 1 lament the gallant and the brave,
Thy own true Cobb sleeps in the soldier’s grave;
Rehearse his dead, and, in sad accents, tell
How great his life, how gloriously he fell!
Mourn Carolina Mill.-1 the princely dead
Thy welt-loved Gregg bath bowed his head,
King Death, the victor; man could ne’er control
His lofty mind; nor awe his steadfast soul. Y\
Pale lies the hero on a bloody bier, -A\
And calm the rock bis classic feature* wear,
Wrapped in the Palmy flag he died to save,
They, bear tho warrior to his honored grave.
Beside our martyred dead wo vow once more,
No tyrant footfhall tread our native shore.
No chain euthrai the land to them so dear,
But Freedom's throne shall rise established here!
* “If it he my lot to die now, I cheerfully yield my
life for the independence of South Carolina Ge*.
Gregg’* nuitage to Goo. Pickeiu.
THE FLICK WHERE MEN BB0CL1) DIE.
How little recks its where men die,
When ouce the moment’s past,
Id which the dim and glaring eye,
Has looked on earth its last;
Whether beneath its sculturcd urn
The coffin’d fora shall rest,
Or in its nakedness return
Back to its mother’s breast ?
Death is a common friend or foe,
- As different men may hold,
Aud at his summons each must go,
The timid nod the bold ;
But when the spirit free and warm ^
Deserts it, as it must;
What matters where the lifeless form
Dissolves again to dust.
The SolJior falls ’mid crosses piled
Upon the battle plain,
, Where reinless war steeds gallop wild
Among the mangled slain:
But though his corpse be grim to see,
Hoof trampled on the sod,
What recks it when the spirit free
Has soared aloft to God ?
The coward’s dying eye may close
Upon Lis downy bed,
And softest hands hie limbs compose,
Or garments o’er them spreqd;
But ye who shun the bloody frny,
Where fall the mangled brave,
Go—strip the coffin lid away
Aud ace hint iu his grave.
‘Twere sweet, indeed, to close cur eyes
With those we cherish near,
And wafted upward by their sighs,
Soar to some calmer sphere;
But whether on the scaffold high,
Or in tbo battle’s van,
Tho fiiteri place where man can die,
Is where he dies for man I
Adieus, (Ja.
Mar8-tf
| P. MASON & CO., Bookbinders.
** • Paper Rulers and Blank Book Manufacturers,
"imcF.-ill street, Atlanta, Ga. J. H. Christy, Agent,
Aihcns, (i«. july22-ly
P
ilwa
\\
JM. G. DELONY, Attorney at
LAW, Athena, Ga., will attend promptly to all
tf ’ nefs entrusted to his care.
4 ' tr I. M. Kenney's store.
[0
Bussies!
1 8vcoud-hand Buggy,
j Horse Hugo!.
**-< Horse Wagon,
MiwTja,
1 I’uir (* rt ’ U °* “V 1 CCIn P' et6 »
complete, aecond band,
krt sL.i an 1 w “S°n Spokes,
r L iiV .G ul>14 and Felloes, Enamelled Cloth, Pat-
V? r ’ Buggy aiid Wagon Harness, all kinds of
f' Iuln R«i Band, Harness, Sole and Upper
kW.,,1 - G al ° low JOHN JL NEWTON.
«rry-Log Wheels,
16.
BARRY, Fashionable Boot and
SHOE MAKER, Broad street, Athens, Ga., is
1 in readiness to fill orders in his line.
Office on joroad street,
tf .
\\ r M. PHILIPS, Attorney at Law,
V Marietta. (!»., will practice in all the counties
. ' a * blue Kiilgo Circuit, iu thoconnty of Fulton, of the
'Ha Circuit, in the Supremo Court, and in the U. S.
r ' -t Court at Marietta. tf
W H ITE A; BITCH, Wholesale &
VI Ke;aii CJjOTHIEBS and MERCHANT TAI-
“Bri.n.i street, Athens, Ga.
I Wm. N WHITE, Bookseller and
1 j, STATIONER, and Newspaper aud Magazine
If.iM- , Music <fc Musical Instruments, J.amps,
-■ -utlerv. Fancy Goods. Jlc., corner Broad Street and
Avenue. Orders promptly filled at Angrfsta rates.
globe hotel,
Augusta, Ga.
IV 'll r TI>: MULLARKV; PROPRIETOR.
L\ | K '-7-1‘asscngers holding Through Tickets, Wi..
|7n, ■ 1 urr >e4 to sud from this ‘Hotel free of Omnibus
Feb. 27—ly
I ^ 0 ^se and Lot for Sale.
Klu.! crft>a r <'fiVr» for sale hie house and lot in
F' in i-» “'Uoiuiug Mr«. Baxter. There are two
Bito uuii Lf aiou tr *U uf g®«d water, and all no-
ft. It ,e ® premises will plea** call
I*.Fust Received.
1 su*L A w«M»wfc. *
P,' * Pint# '•
deleft ^isccUaug.
From the Jackson Mississif,pian.
Speech of President Davis
TO THE LEGISLATURE OF MISSISSIPPI.
At noon yesterday, the hour appointed
for the speech of the President, the Repre
sentative Hall was crowded to overflowing
—not a spaeo large enough to stand upon
was left unfilled. - The ladies occupied all
the seats, leaving the men all standing.
The galleiy, too, was literally thronged,
and many hundreds, perhaps, had to turn
back disappointed, so great was the eager-
yean of our people to hear the President.
The President spoke about one hour and
a half, and during all that time the drop
of a pin might have been heard in any part
of tho auditory, except when the welkin
was made to ring with the loud and‘en
thusiastic plaudits of his listeners. We
had hoped to be able to supply our readers
with au accurate report of his speech, but
the absence of stenographic facilities ren
ders that impossible and we have only to
draw from our memory.
Upon the appearance of the President,
he was greeted with rapturous applause,
] clearly showing that he still retained the
deep love and hearty* tontidence of his old
lriends. Ascending the Speaker's stand,
he was introduced by Hon. James Dranc,
President of the Senate. There were sev
eral moments before he* could be heard
amid the long continued applause of the
audieucc.
He commenced by stating that two yea rs
ago he had been culled to All a position
the duties of which had occupied all bis
time, leaving him no opportunity to min-
glo with his friends of Mississippi, or share
personally in the dangers that menaced
them. But wherever he might be—wher
ever duty commanded him to stay—his
heart was with us, and the success of tbo
common cause for which we were all but
tling was first in bis thoughts, first.in his
prayers, and the safety and promotion of
which should be the object of bis constant
endeavor. When he left Mississippi two
years ago bo thought his absence would
be only temporary—that ho would soon
return and lead her heroic sons to battle
in defence of thei r dearest rights—a task
which he thought would have been more
congenial to his-Jsstes -and better suited
to h - capacities, than the one to which be
‘ ltbough in the dis-
llities us President
;s, he hud deter
mined to kuow no State, yet his heart beat
with livelier pulse for Mississippi, and he
looked upon Mississippi soldiers with a
pride and emotion which no others inspired.
The President spoke of his love for the
old Union. Ho alluded to it, however, as
a matter of regret, that the best affections
of his heart should have been bestowed
upon anobjectso unworthy—that he should
have loved so long a Government which
was rotten to its very core.
Ho had predicted from the beginning a
fierce war, though it hud assumed more
gigantic proportions than he had calcu
lated upon. He had predicted war, not
because our right- to secede was not an un
doubted one, and clearly defined io the spi
rit of that declaration which rests tho riglii
to govern upon tho consent of the govern
ed, but ihe wickedness of the North would
entail war upon the country. The present
war waged against the rights ot a free peo
ple was unjust and the fruit of the evil
passions of the North. In the progress
of tho war those evil passions have been
brought out aud developed; and so fur
from re-uniting with such a people—a peo
ple whose ancestors Cromwell had gather
ed from the bogs and fens of Ireland and
Scotland—a people whose intolerance pro
duced discord and trouble wherever tbey
went—who persecuted Catholics, Episco
palians, and every other sect that dul not
subscribe to their bigotry and contracted
notions—who hung witches, and did a
thousand other tilings calculated to make
them forever infamous—the President was
emphatic in his declaration that under uo
circumstances would he consent to
union.
He drew a glowing picture of tho hor
rors of war, and the ravuges of the enemy ;
aud while his tears flowed for those who
suffered, yet all those would be endured
cheerfully’ before our manhood and our li
berties would be surrendered.
TUB WAR UPON NORTHERN SOIL.
He alluded briefly to his desire to trans
fer tho war upon .Northern soil, but the
failure to this proceeded not from a want
of inclination but of power. We wore not
an old established nation, with armies and
navies at our command. These had to be
improvised from the scanty materials to be
found within the limits of our own Con
federacy. o ware bloekudcd and cut otf
from other nations, and everybody’ knows
that we'bad been an agricultural people
and that our facilities for manufacturing
materials 1 f war wore extremely limited
Notwithstanding this fact, patent to the
most casual observer, we had now an army
larger than ever before—our arms and mu
nitionsofwar were increased in number
and improved in quality, and we are in a
hotter condition to-day than we were twelve
months ago.
CONSCRIPTION AND EXEMPTION LAWS.
He alluded to the conscription and ex
emption laws of Congress, explaining the
necessity of the one and the intention of
the other. Was sorry to see ’ that there
had been a false construction upon the first
of tiiese laws. There was no dishonor in
being conscriUed. The Government had
as much right to make laws requiring t-he
services of its citizens in the army, as to
compel them to work public roads or to
pay taxes. The object of that portion of
the exemption law which exempted the
owners, agent or overseer of twenty ne
groes. was not intended to draw any dis
tinction whatever between classes." No
benefit was intended to the rich from it.
It was simply’ to provide a police force,
which Congress thought necessary, and to
facilitate the agricultural productions of
the country to supply’ the wants of both
the poor people aud the army. Any law
intended to bear unfairly upon the poor
even to a feather's weight, would never
have received his signature. “ The poor
have fought our battles,” said the President,
“and so have the rich.” The poor in aU
revolutions are lue main stay’ and props of
tho country’. But while the poor have no
bly done their duty, we have no cause to
compluiu of the rich.- AU have done well,
and many of the wealthiest find most dis
tinguished families in the South have sons
in the ranks. Ho instauced Hon. Israel
Welsh and others, who had fought as pri-
. vates in tha bloodiest engagement of the
war. He thought there might bo very
properly* a revision of the exemption law,
and trusted there would be no conflict be
tween Confederate and State laws upon
the subject of tbe military’. That there
should be no war with States,, and if any
State chose to inflict a blow upon the com
mon- cause by enacting conflicting milita
ry laws, be hoped that Mississippi would be
tbe last to adopt such a suicidal policy’.
INDIGENT FAMILIES—RESERVED CORPS.-
The President expressed his gratifica
tion at the mossago of Governor Pettits,
and cordially endorsed liis view’s in refer
ence to making provisions for indigent
families, and the enrollment .of exempts,
who could bo ready upon an emergent y to
go-forth and occu^* the trenches, while
the disciplined and active soldiery could
tqjte the field. Tho culls for such servico
could bo for thirty, sixty or ninety- days,
and whon the emergency had passed, they
could return to their pursuits. Baw sol
diers, the President contended, could do
effective service in the trenches, and the
adoption of such a policy would strengthen
**our means of defence quite materially.
In his allusion to tho vast numbers of
the North, the President said that upon
any fain field we were willing to fight them
two to one; we b^ve often whipped them
three to one; at Antietam, Gen.Lee whip-
E ed them four to one. But this might uot
e tlie case always. As tbe eaemy pro
gressed in discipline, they approached
noarer to our own troops in efficiency.—
Heuce the necessity of providing some
thing like a -corresponding force to that
which tho enemy are bringing against uh.
stragglers. -
The President ’
Boat
straggling from the army. H* invoked
public opinion to frown it down, and called
upon the women to drive the stragglers
back to duty.
FILL UP THE RANKS.
He urged the necessity of tilling up the
thinned tanks of our rogimen.a. Those
veterans who had gone through many hard
fought butties looked for their kindred at
homo to supply the places which had been
made vacant by the death of their com
rades. A brigade which mustered only
ijwelve hundred men, wmild have to bleed
as much us if it had its fm! quota of 4,000.
Their ranks must be tilled ; humanity de
mands it. It was a time for patriots to
throw off the shackles of private interest,
fly to the rescue of those heroes which tbo
ravages of war had yet spared, a nd conse
crate themselves to tho most sacred cause
on earth.
THE REAL DANGER.
The President, remarked that when he
arrived hero ho thought the enemy Were
pressing down upon us from the Northern
borders of our State, but when he went to
Grenada ho there learned that nothing
could be seen of them, but their backs.
They wore going back, perhaps wit to the
intentiou of reinforcing the heavy column
that was now being thrown down the Mis-;
sissippi river. The real points of attack
was at Vicksburg and Port Hudson; and
to all who desire I to lend a helping hand
to the country in her present exigency ho
would say, “ Go to Port Hudson aud Vicks
burg without delay I”
NECESSITY OF HARMONY—PERMANENT MILI-
„ TARY SYSTEM.
Ho spoko of tbe salutary effects of har
monious action between the several States
and the government at Richmond, and urg
ed upon legislators, both State an 1 Confe
derate, the necessity of establishing a per
manent military system, for even after the
present war was ended we might expect
trouble from our enemies unless our milita
ry establishment was of such character as
to give them a wholesome fear ot precipi
tating a war upon us. The true theory
was to adopt a military system which
would bo permanent and operative! in time
of peace.
THE QUESTION AT ISSUE.
The issue involved in :his war w.ns no
ordinary one. The quo.- Lion is, will you be
free, or will you be the Slaves of tire most
depraved and. intolerant and tyrannical and
hated people upon earth '! This was the
real question to bo decided. Every thing
else was as dust in the baUnce. A peoplo
who had demonstiated tlfRt utter incapa-
cityforself-government, who.bave destroy
ed their owu liDerties in the vain effort to
deprive us of ours, seek to be our masters,
aud Inflict upon us such galling chains as
have no parallel in the annals of tyranny.
Mississippi is the object ot their peculia:’
hatred : upon her is to be- visited their re
fined vengeance. But our cause is jus
and vengetoco belongs to the Lord ! W«-
wijl resist the power of tho enemy. Dis
card all other considerations but the pub
lic defense, and victory will again be ours.
ASPERSIONS OF. THE*ADMINISTRATION.
The President alluded very briefly to the
falsehoods which had been circulated rela
tive to the administration, which h«- could
not disprove, because such disproval would
give the enemy a knowledge of things
which tbe good of the cause require to be
concealed from hi in. That he-had commit
ted some errors lie did not doubt, though
they were never the X’esult of improper
motives. For a vindication of hiraseh
from the aspersions of some of his fsllow-
citizons, he confidently awaited the time
when the cause would not suffer from such
vindication. Ho, however, explained the
great necessity of public confidence in tho
officers of the government, and pointed to
that great and good man Gen. Albert Sid
ney Johuson, as a shining example of the
effects of withholding that deserved confi
dence which the public welfare requires.
MSSISSIPPIANS MUST SUSTAIN THEIR FAME.
Mr. Davis mude au eloquent appeal to
Mississippians to prove themselves in this
hour uf peril, worthy of the proud fame won
by the State upou the plains of Chaluiettc
—to emulate the glory achieved by her
sons upon the fields of Mexico, and in the
still more glorious battles of Lite Confeder
acy. By all the future and by all tbe past,
by the memories of those whose bones al
ready bleach upou the battle plains of our
country, he invoked them to stand firm
against the devastating, colums of the ene
my.
DURATION OE THE WAR.
Though the war had somewhat exceed
ed bisexpectulions, yet ( he has never doubt
ed our fiual success, and ho considered it
now as absolutely certain. The duration of
tho war was a question of time. He thought
. ho we vet* it was not possible for a war waged
upon such a tremendous scale, to be long
protracted. Be it long or short, however,
we could not bc> the first to cry: out, “ hold,
enough.”
VICKSBURG.
The President paid a deserved tribute to
Vicksburg. That noble little city had with
stood the shock of the combined fleets of
the enemy, after the great cities of New
Orleans aud Memphis had: succumbed to
their supposed iuvineibility. The heroic
women of Vicksburg had cried out give
the enemy thfe soil if it cannot be defend
ed, but let him have nothing else. Tbe
Governor left his. chair and repaired to
the seeno of danger, aud refused to listtra
to any advice except of defiance to the
concentrated power of the. enemy. .
We are better prepared at Vieksbn hg
now than theu. Our defences aro great.:;
improved aud strengthened. Wo halt
better armies, and that gallant soldier
(Gen. JohoBton) is pouring iu reinforce
ments. He comes to Mississippi to pro
tect and'save her. (Immense applause:)
RECOGNITION—FOREIGN
'To tho question of '
recognition long since, but it had not
come, and his advice was: “Pat not
your faith in princes, nor rest your
hopes upon foreign nations.” It seemed
that England still refused to take any steps
towards either recognition or mediation.
France had made a move that seemed
friendly to us. .* 1 d when we see extended
the hand of friendship, we would be ready
to grasp it.
NO RSTROGRADATION.
The President took a brief retrospective
vie w of the movements of our armies since
the fall of New Orleans—an event as unex
pected to him as it was to us—and show
ed that we had not retrograded, but had
gathered largely in strength. Armies are
not made up numbers only. We have now
au army that we can safely rely on. We
have stripped gunboats of their terrors.
We have improved in all those things which
go to make us invincible. Our prospects
are much better than they wore twelve
months ago.
* TWO OBJECE8 OF THE ENEMY.
There are two grand objects of the ene
my : 1st, to get possession of the river,
and thus cut our Confederacy in two, and
secondly to seize the Confederate Capi
tal, and to hold it up to foreign nations as
an evidence that the Confederacy does
not exist.
The President dwelt at some length up
on the vast inportance of thwarting the
enemy’s designs upon this valley; he con
sidered its defence itself. Vicksburg and
Port Hudson were points that must be de
fended, and every point must be strained
for this purpose. Vicksburg he said would
stand, and Port Hudson would stand, if
the peoplo were true to themselves. This
done, the North-west would grow restive
and cease to support a war ruinous to them
and beneficial only to Now England con
tractors. From the North-West he look
ed for the first gleams of peace.
The President expressed his gratifica
tion that Gen. Pemberton, whom he had
sent here believing .him eminently suited
to this command, had sustained iu a sig
nal maimer thejhigh character he had giv
en him. Ho also spoke of Brigadier-Gen
eral Lee, to whom he had entrusted the
defences of Vicksburg, in terms of hearty
commendation.
CHEERED BY HIS VISIT.
Although his duties required his pres
ence elsewhere, yet, when he heard of the
sufferings of his own State, and her dan
ger of subjugation by a vandal foe. his feel
ing dragged him to her soil. He goes back
with a Tighter heart. He finds none of
that depression which was reported. At
Grenada he found tho army sorry that
the enemy had gone back. At Vicksburg
they were ready and eager for the fray.
Depression existed only among that class
of men who were constitutional grumblers
and fault-finders. He goes back cheered,
but still anxious, for his heart is here—his
attachment to the State has risen since the
war began, and ho can see dangers, though
he believes the greatest have passed.
THE TRANS MIS USSIPI’I DEPARTMENT.
On the other side of the river our pros
pects are brighter than ever before, and
ere long he hoped that we would be able
to proclaim Missouri freo. Kentucky, too,
was an object of solicitude to him, aud he
spoke of her gallant people in the kindest
and most commendable terms.
OUR CAUSE IN THE ASCENDANT.
The President laid particular stress up
on the encouraging fact that wo had un
proved in every respect since the war bo-
gan. Our armies were superior in num
ber and improved m qualty and {appoint
ments. Our manufactories had made rapid
progress : Mississippi alone had clothed
and subsisted the whole army upon her
soil. Our people had learned to economise.
They wore homespun. He felt like tak
ing off bis hat to a woman dressed in home-
spun. He had au unfaltering belief in the
justice of our cause, and a profound rever
ence for the decrees of Heaven. He notic
ed with evident, satisfaction the superior
morality of our army to that of the inva
der. In God and the valor of our troops
he trusted.*
The above is only an imperfect outline
of the Presideut’6 speech. It falls very far
short of doing it justice, but in the hurry
of preparing the report for tho press, it is
perhaps as correct in the main ideas ad
vanced as could be expected.
At the conclusion ot‘ his remarks, Gen’l
Joseph E. Johnson was vociferously call
ed for. The scar-worn hero looked a lit
tle nervous while the House rang with
loud, swelling aud .prolonged applause-
He rose and said :
“Fellow-Citizens;—My only regret is
that I have so little to' merit such a greet
ing! I promise you, however, that here
after I shall be watchful, energetic and in
defatigable in your defence.”
This speech wasgrected with tremendous,
uproarious and _ prolonged plaudits. Evi
dently Gen. Johnston possesses tbe un
bounded confidence and esteem of Mississip-
pians.
The Piety of the Confederates.
A Baltimore correspondent, writing to
the London Index,says:
But before I close I mast tell you of
the beautiful humility and heroic piety
which seemed to pervade the hearts of all
the Confederates X saw. I have never seen
a strong religions sentiment so generally
prevalent as I find * it among them. Of
twenty men with whom L conversed one
afternoon, seventeen were professors of re--
ligioti, and the eighteenth .said lie wa.8 a
man of prayer, and looked to 'God as his
protector. A plain, unlettered boy said :
“lo alt my intercourse with these Yankees
I have never heard them alludo once to
what God can do. They talk about what
twenty ,mil1ion~ of men can do, and what
hundreds of rrfUions of money can do; but
leaveGF *
The Rev.——wps with meduringa part
of my tour. He was asked on one occa
sion to lead in prayer, in a barn filled with
wounded near Sh urpsburg. After a season
of the most solemn and affecting devotion
a young man called the reverend gentle
man to his tide and said : “I am dying, sir;
but I am not afraid to die, for I hope to go
to heavea. Nor am I sorry that I have
been slain m battle, fori would willingly
sacrifice a dozen lives for such a cause as
we are fighting for.”
Time and again I heard the 12th Pslanx
quoted : “If it had not been the Lord who
was on our side, when men rose up against
us, then they had swallowed us up quick,
when their wrath was kindled against us.
Blessed be the Lord who hath not given
us as a prey to their teeth. Our help is in
the name of the Lord, who made heaven
and earth.”
They aro not given to vaunting them
selves ; there is nothing at all of^the spirit
of bravado about them; and so far irom
manifesting a ferocious disposition, Jthey
very frankly confess they are tired of the
war, but at the same time they are anima
ted by a determined resolution that, God
helping them, they will never be subjugat
ed. When one of them was asked If he did
not fear that tho prodigious army now or
ganizing against them would utterly over
whelm them, he replied that, “God above,
and General Lee at their head, they did
not fear what man could do.”
History, sir furnishes no legends more
touching and glorious than are exhibited
in tbe sacrifices and endurance of the
Southern people. Such a people merit the
admiration of the world, and deserve to
achieve their independence.
Pardon me for saying so much, but inci
dent after iucident arose in my mind,
and so clamored for relation that I oould
not sooner stop.
Rationale of Forms of Salutation.—
Most modern forms of salutation and
civility are derived from' chivalry, or at
least from-war, and they all betoken some
deference, as from a conquered person to
to the conqueror; just as in private life we
still continue to sign ourselves the very
humblest servants of our correspondents.
The uncovered head was simply the head^
unarmed; the hemlet being removed the'
party was at meroy. So the hand unglov
ed was the band ungauntleted; and to this
day it is an incivility to shake hands with
gloves on. Shaking hands itself was but
a token of truce, in which the parties held
each other’s weapon hand to make sure
against treachery. So also a gentleman's
bow is but an offer of the neck to the stroke
of the adversary; so the lady’s courtesy is
but tho form of going on her knees for
mercy. The general principle is marked,
as itought naturally to be, still more strong
ly in the case of military salutes. Why is
a discharge of guns a salute? Because it
leaves a gun empty, and at the mercy of
the opponent. And this is ho true that
the saluting with blank cartridge is a mod
ern invention. Formerly, salutes wore
fired by discharging the cannon balls, and
there ha.’O been instances in which the
compliment UuS bean nearly fatal to the
visitor whom it moant to honor. When
the officer salutes, be points the drawn
sword to the ground; and tho salute of the
troops is, even at this day called “present
ing arms”—that is, presenting them to^>e
taken.
In the army in Arkansas are some
14,000 Missourians who have left their State
in small partiee to join the Confederate
standard. They constitute a corps of des
perate fighters—not one of them but has
his personal wrongs to avenge upon tho
Liucolnites in the shape of a father, broth
er, son, mother, wife or sister, murdered,
robbed or insulted by these devils in human
form. One regiment of 1080 wore reoruit-
ed in bis native county bv Col. Clarke, a
son of Gov. Clarke, member of the Confed
erate Congress, while it was occupied by
a Federal array. The Colonel was obliged
to conceal himself by day and work at
night. After tilling up bis corps, be swam
the* wboK i080 men across the Missouri
river, a mile and a quarter wide, and at
tho time full ot drift ice. Two of them
perished from cold in crossing.
An appeal to Lincoln.
The World makes the following thrill
ing appeal to Lincoln to cut loose now
and finally from his past and fatal policy:
The most splendid army of the World
with Generals as gallant as ever led, and
soldiers as brave as ever marched to victo
ry, has met the frightfullest disaster of
the war. By Gen. Haileck's orders the
army of the Rappahannock'was marched
up against the impregnable batteries of tbe
Fredericksburg heights, brigade after bri
gade. division, after division, one after an
other deciminated, thousands upon thou
sands slaughtered, from daybreak to son-
set, uptil the ruin was complete, until well
nigh twenty-thousand brave and noble
souls wet the Virginia hill-sides with their
blood. The unbienchitig courage, tb«
dauntless intrepidity of our magnificent
army were never more sublimely display-
ed-2 The blundering strategy, the incom
petent generalship, which hurled them to
a fruitless doom never branded, itself so
conspicuously as indiscriminate!
and murder by wholesale.
Abraham Lincoln,-fay the
W. Halieck and Edwin M.
death to thousands upon .tli
brothers and friends; again
anguish to tho homesand hearts of tho doo-
pie—death that gives no
iug nation, ar J
ism can eo ~
a noedful
age. By the
was.