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by JOHN H. CHRISTY.
DEVOTED TO NEWS, POLITICS, AGRICULTURE, EDUCATION AND GENERAL PROGRESS.
I , t
$3.00 per Ajunxun, in advance.
■ ■ - ■ , ., :■ . ’V.5R-. jy ;•
VOLUME XXI.
ATHEISTS, GEORGIA^—WEDNESDAY, JULY 1, 1874.
NUMBER 13.
THE SOUTHERN WATCHMAN
PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY.
Qjicr earner of Brand ami Wall Streete., (up-stain.)
terms;
TWO DOLLARS DEB ANNUM,
INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE,
ADVERTISING.
Adt«rtUem»nI* will be inserted at ONH DOLLAR
»\I) PIETY CENTS per square for the first inscr-
an 1 SEVENTY-FIVE CENTS per square for
.Mh’eontiuuanoe, for any time under one month. For
periods, as follows:
A liberal <lodnotion on T«»rlj adrortisomonta,
LEGAL ADVERTISING.
SheriJ’* sales, perlery of 10 lines ......$500
« mortgage sales, SC dejs._ 5.00
40 .lays, by Administrators, Executors, or
~ liu.rJians 0.50
Citations of Administration or Guardianship 4.00
Satire to Debtors and Creditors £.00
Kails* Nisi, per square,oaohinsertion „ T.l
Lease to soil Real Estate 4.1
pit.tiinfor dismission of Administrator 5.00
.. << “ Guardian 5.25
Xo aecsrtain the number of squares in an adsertise-
tnont or obituary, count the words—one hundred being
t| u*lt,>too linos. AUfraetiona are counted as full
,ja»res.
PROFESSIONAI, AND BUSIHE CARDS.
lisa* cobs, | a. s. krwin. | iiowell cobb.jr.
nORB, ERWIN & COBB,
(y ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
ATHENS, OEORSIA.
Office in the Deupree Building. Dec21
A PLEA for the little ones.
Gather them close to your loving heart—
Cradlo them on your breast;
They will aoon enough leave your brooding
care—
Soon enough mount youth's topmost stair,
Littie ones in the nest.
Fret not that the children’s hearts are gay,
That the restless feet will run:
There may come a time in the by and by.
When you’ll sit in your lonely room and sigh
For a sound of childish fun;
When you’ll long for the repetition sweet
That sounded through every room,
Of 44 mother," “ mother,” the dear love calls
That will echo long in the silent halls,
And add to their stately gloom.
There may come a time when you’ll long to
hear
The eager, boyish tread.
The tuneless whistle, the clear, shrill shout,
The busy bustling in and oat,
And the pattering overhead.
When the boys and girls are all grown up,
And scattered far aDd wide,
Or goDe to that’beautiful golden shore,
Where sickness and death corns never more,
You will misa them from your side.
B ANKRUPTCY.—Sainnel P. Thurmond,
Atiornoy.at-Lbw. Athens, G».
Ofitin Broait street,aver the store of Barry A Son,
Will give speeisl attention to cases in Bankruptcy. Al-
t„ tile collection of all olaims entrusted to hiseare.
Then, gather them close to your loving heart—
Cradle them on your breast;
They will soon enough leave your brooding
care—
TAMES R. LYLE,
• 1 Attorney at Law,
IX.,22 WATKIKSVILLE, QA.
TOllN M. MATTHEWS.
(J Attorney at Law,
Danielaviile, Ga.
Promptattention wA)l be giyen to any business on-
:ii,ted to hil care. Marchld.
T7'Ni;LA.\D & ORR,
|lj Wholesale and Kotail Dealers,
and COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
Dupree Uail.Broad St, Athens, Ga.
We are now prepared to store Cotton at 25 cents per
bale, and will advance cash when desired. Oct28.
TTNOLISH «fc CLASSICAL SCHOOL,
Pj For Boys, cor. Wray and Lumpkin sts., A th
en?, (I*. apS—3m 1 LEE Me LYLE, Prin.
T H. HUGGINS,
>) . boleseie and Retail Dealer in
DRV GOODS, GROCERIES, HARDWARE, Ac.
Feblft Broad Street, Athena, Ga.
TOWN H. CHRISTY,
tl Plmi
Plain and Fancy BOOK AND JOB PRINTER,
Broad St., Athens, Ga.
Office eornor Broad and Wall streets, over the store
Jame, I). Pittard. tf
PAVILION HOTEL,
X CHARLESTON, S. C.
This FIRST-CLASS Hotel is aitnateu in the very
centre of the business part of the oity, and all who
»t..p there will And ovory convonionco and luxury that
oan bo procured. Board, per day, $5.00.
K. Hamilton, Sept. Mrs. L. H.Buttertield,
0«o22 tf Proprietress.
QUMMEY & NEWTON,
D Dealers in
Foreign and Domestic HARDWARE,
JuneV) No. 6,Broad street, Athens, Oa.
Q C. DOBBS,
O. Wholesale and Retail Dealer in
Staple and Fancy DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, Ao.
Fobl) No. 12 Broad Street, Athens, Ga.
Soon enough mount youth's topmost stair,
Little ones in the nest.
TT'MORY SPEER,
Jjj LAWYER, ATHENS, GA.
As Solicitor General of Western Circuit, will attend
the Courts of Clarke, Walton. Gwinne*t, Hall, Banks,
Jack,on, Habersham, Franklin, Rabun and White,
sod give attention to collecting and other claims in
those counties. Maroh 19,1873.
K ELIAS, Attorney at Law,
FRANKLIN, N. C.
Prnotices in all the Courts of Western North Caro
lina, and in the Federal Coarts. Claims collected in
oil porta of the State. apl»—ly
TpDWARD R. HARDEN,
Pi (Late JudgeU. 8. Courti
(Late Judge II. h>. Courts Nebraska and Utah,
and now Jud.qe of Brooks County Court)
july23 ty
Attorney at
QpitmqN, llroots County, Oa.
j PHOTOGRAPH GALLERY,
Oyer WllllRtps’ebon store, Broad street, Athens,
Georgia.**P 3 -
B F.CA2P,
. Attorney at Law,
OARNESVILLE, GA.
Will give prompt attention to ellbneinese entrusted
to him. He will attend the Coarts of Habersham,
Franklin and Hall. sepl7—ly.
C. P. HOWELL.
0. PKRPLRS.
PEEPLES & HOWELL,
attorneys at law,
20 and 22, Kimball House,
ATLANTA, GA.
P RACTICE -Sri tho State and Federal Courts, and
attend regularly alf tho Courts in Atlanta, Includ
ing the Supreme Court of the State, and will argue
easel upon briefs for absent parties, on reasonable
"’They also practice In tty Courts qf the counties con
lusqus hr ROOMS ibis *» Atlanta by Railroad, sopll
M.W.RIDEN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
U,. Cairn Apt ana ary Pn tic
GAINESVILLE, OEOROIA.
**- Office on Wilson street, below King A Bro’s.
February 19,18T8.
JOHN ». RSTES. NAP1S0U BULL.
ESTES Ac BELL,
attorneys at law,
GAINESVILLE. : GEORGIA
W r ILL practice in theoountiosoomposing the West
ern Cironit, and Dawson and Forsyth eonntioa
of tho Bine Ridge Cironit. They will also practieo in
thu Supreme Court of Georgia, and lathe Unitod States
Court at Atlanta. “»7 14
Surgeon, Accoucheur and Physician,
( Office at Jfr. Tkomae Sheaf Store,)
Good Hope Distriot, Walton jo., Ga.
Offers his professional sorrioes tothoeitisens oftta
surronnding country.
aug27
Livery,
f, Feed & Sale Stable
ATHENS, GEORGIA.
GANN A HEAVES, PROPRIETORS,
\I TILL ho found at their old utand, rear Franklin
*V Rouse buiid'.rg, Thomas street. Keep always
on hand good Tnrn-outs and oaroful dri/w.i
11 oardl forMhep enWUSt'sd to onr earo.
'MMw nnat all timus. deo25—tl
Ctook well t
Slock otfhd
WALTON HOTEL,
MONROE, GA.
THE subscriber would lespsotfUUy Inform travelers
1 and the public generally that hehas Uken eharae
cf the nkeyo'HoseVupA gill W*» do ps.ffetx make
;ii :QL.Yorlable Who may Avor him with their patror-
age. His ohargea wUl be rMsenable. jantd lm
R. B. ADAIR, D.D.S
GAINESVILLE, QA.
Offiee, Southeast eornsr Poblio Square. mar27
^L. A.. EDGE,
Boot, Shoe and Harness
sfiMU—ly »l WATKINSVILLE, GA.
The Destrnction of Lisbon.
The morning of November 1st dawned so
rene, but the heavens were hazy: since mid
night the thermometer had risen *one degree,
and stood at nine o'clock at fourteen above
freezing, Reaumur. As it was the feast of All
Saints, the churches were thronged from' an
early hour, and all their altars brilliantly il
luminated with thousands of tapers and dec
orated with garlaBds of various-tin ted muslins
and thin silks. At a quarter of ten o’clock the
first shock was felt. It was so slight that
many persons attributed it to the passage of
heavy wagons in the street, and even to mere
fancy. Three minutes afterward a second
shock occurred, so violent that it seemed as if
the heavens and earth were passing away.—
This agitation lasted fully ten minutes, and
ere it diminished the greater portion of the
city was in ruins. The dust raised obscured
the sun; an Egyptian darkness prevailed, and
to add to the uuivorsal horror, the fearful
screams of the living and the groans of the
dying rose through the air. In twenty min
utes all became calm again, and people began
to look around them and consider the best
means of escape. Some were for going to the
hills, bat were soon discouraged fiom so doiDg
by the rumors that those who had already gone
thither were suffocating from the effects of the
dense fog of dust which still rose from the fall
ing buildings. Then they rushed toward the
quays which lino a part of the Tagus, but only
to learn the horrible news that these bad suDk
into tho earth with all the people and edifices
upon them. Those who thought to put out to
sea were told to look at the river, aDd lo! in
its centre they beheld a whirlpool which was
sucking in (.11 the vessels and boats in its vl
cinity, not v. fragment of any of them being
ever seen again. The royal palace had been
entirely swallowed up, aDd over its site is now
the vast square of the Paco, or Black Horse,
one of tbo largest public places in Europe.
The great library of the Holy Ghost was la
flames, and its priceless Moorish and Hebrew
manuscripts were fast becoming ^shes. The
opera-boose bad fallen in, the Inquisition was
no more, and the grant church of San Domingo
was but a heap of stones, beneath which lay
crushed to atoms the entire ooDgregation.—
The Irish churoh of St. Paul was the death-
place of one thousand persons, and the palace
of BempoBta, where Catharine of Braganza,
widow of Charles II., lived and died, had fallen
over from the heights on which it was bnllt,
and utterly destroyed the poor but populous
part qf the town which lay beneath It. In a
word, where but an hour since was Lisbon waa
now nothing but desolation. As to the peo
ple, who can describe their condition f At
least seventy thousand persons had perished
and the majority of the survivors were c^ue^ly
wounded and in agony of tpiu^ body.
Some went macf with fright, some lost forever
the paver of speech, sinners went about con
fessing their secret crimes, and fanatics, be
lieving the last day had come, cried out to the
horror-stricken multitude ‘ to repent, for that
Christ was coming to judge the quick and the
dead.’
As the day waxed on the wretched Lisbonese
grew calmer, and it was universally declared
that the safest places, now that the dost was
diminishing, were the heights overlooking the
city, and thither the majority fled. Here they
found the coart aseembled, for the royal family
was fortunately at Belem, where, strange to
cay, the earthquake was scarcely felt at all,
and had hastened at once to the bills. The
cardinal-patriarch was hero also, and so was
Pombal; and these two; nftjn" vfj$“ surprising
presence of min‘fi, f)J their admirable courage,
were enabled before pighf to inspire some feel
ing of order In the exeited throng. The king
and qneen behaved nobly, and the young duke
of Lafoens deserves to be immortalized for his
splendid conduct. He organized a band of
noblemen who went aboat aiding the wound
ed, rescuing the children, and even burying
the dead. It was a strange and awful eight
to see this multitude gather together on the
summit of the hills whioh once pyerloolted
their magnificent capital,'aiid’which now look-
ed doM'upon a mere mass pf smouldering
ruins. As day deolined and night came on the
cardinal issaed a proclamation ordering all to
kneel in prayer and entreat the mercy of God
upon* them, and then rose on tho air tho wail
ing tones of that saddest of psalms, tbH Mise
rere. Wheg *Ue shades of night had ftally
fallen a frightful disoovery.was made: the^ty
was Id flames in a hundred places. The con
flagration was greatly increased by a strong
wind blowing in from the sea. There was now
no hope of saving anything, and it was bat too
well known .that thousands of human beings
who had taken refuge in the cellars and crypts
were being roasted aliyo. But if tho anxiety
of the esca:
spenes within theolty ite&f Were'eWn more
terrible. Bobbers; escaped jail-birds, low sail
ore, And degraded negroes formed bauds and
; went about amidst the roias pillaging the
wounded of their trinkets, and even murdering
those who ventured to oppose their ghastly
deeds. The lewd inhabitants of the brothels
broke from the rigid restraint in which they
were confined by law and joined the bandits.
They plundered such of the wine-stores as
were left intact, and, maddened with drink
and probably with terror, cast ofl their gar
ments and went dancing and whooping blas
phemous songs through the desolate streets,
if such they could now be called, while the
lurid light from the innumerable fires east a
blood-colored glow on their naked and con
torted forms. They (ct into the churches,
robbed the sacred images, threw the holy vest
ments over their shonlders, and made the
ruined vaults re-echo the ahonts of their beast-'
ly revelry. * It seemed,’ says Fray Bernadno
de Carmo, * as if hell had vomited forth its de
mons, and that the powers of dark ness bad in
deed prevailed.’ From the cellars of the
houses rose the piercing cries of those who
were perishing of their neglected wounds or
suffocating from the effects of fonl atmosphere
Here a mother wept over the bodies of all her
children; there a group of timid nons stood
around their abbess and knew not which way
to turn; now a fanatic ruBhed along howling
dismal prophecies; now a long file of white-
clad Cistercians passed by reciting mournful
prayers; and then again fell upon the ear the
horrid maniacal laughter of the gang of lewd
women and brutal men at their dreadful
revelry. An aged noblewoman in fall conrt
garments was seen searching amongst the ruins
of her palace for her jewels; and a famous
Phryae of the day, Theresa Brandno, suddenly
converted, did suoh noble deeds of charity that
her name deserves to be written in letters of
gold.
For fifteen days was the city infested with
robbers, until Carvalho, afterward the cele
brated minister Pombal, Set an example of
courage and energy. He descended into Lis
bon, and remained days and nights together
bis carriage or on horseback directing af
fairs and assisting in clearing away the rains
he planted soldiers all over the city, and who
ever conld not give a clear account of the prop
erty found in bis possession was hang then and
there, and three hundred and fifty-seven per
sons tfcns perished.—From ” Old Lisbon and its
Overthrow,” by R. Davy, in Lippincott's Maga
zine for July.
faced or angry eyed, restless woman. Then
how easy to create a legend filled with details
of a. mysterious murder, and make this the
nnbappy victim, whose shadow most haunt
the place of her taking off until her manes
are appeased in some legal and effective man
ner ! Bat my evidence makes this baseless
fabrio of a vision the mere result of the vapo
rous exhalations of a compost-pile. I had a
very fine pair of field-glasses, and conld see
clearly the offsets produced by the stream of
air when it came in contact with the compost.
The vapor began at that moment to arise, and
this resulft wonld occur in all reasons. Then
the luminous jets and variegated colors sprang
up from the warm laboratory whereia Nature’s
chami8try was at work, and finally the thin
vaporous cloud, which really had not any de
finite shape, was carried at the caprice of the
soft zephyr winds which flitted abont, bat did
not blow sufficiently strong to carry thisheav-
ier body ont of the regular draughts through
the openings of the dilapidated house From
Superstitious Credulity,” by I. E. Na
gle, in Lippincott's Magazine for July.
to render equitable lodgment, bnt if you will
be kind enough to act the whole transaction
before my eyas, I shall attain onto a more de
finite conception of the case. Do yon, Mr.
Tiger, show me just how yon approached and
entered the cage, and then yon, Mr. Brahmin,
show me how yon liberated him, and I shall
be able to render a proper decision.’ They
assented, for the fox was solemn and oracular.
The tiger walked into the cage, and the spring
door fell and shat him in. He was a prisoner.
The judicial expression faded from the fox’s
countenance, and, turning to the Brahmin, he
said: * I advise yon to go home as fast as yon
can, and abstain, in future, from doing favors
to rascally tigers. Good morning, Brahmin;
good morning. Tiger.’
bore, that in many cases terminate in law suits,
which take nearly all they are both worth to
pay the lawyers.
The fact is, farmers and mechanics have
more leisure than they are aware of, fer study
and the improvement of their minds. They
have the long evenings of winter, in whioh
they can post themselves upon all the improve
ments of the day, if they will take ably con
ducted agricultural journals like the New En
gland Farmer, and read them with care. The
farmer who fails to study the report of the
market and then gets shaved, has nobody bnt
himself to blame.
A Good Yarn:
In the viltage of lived a man who had
Changes of a Century.
Somebody has collected the following inter
esting items:
The nineteenth century has witnessed many
great discoveries.
In 1845 the first telegram was sent.
Steel pens were introduced for nse in 1836.
The first successful trial of a reaper took
place in 1833.
In 1836the patent for the invention of match
es was granted.
The anthracite coal business was begun in
1829.
In 1846 Elias Howe obtained a patent for
hisfirst sewing machine.
The first successful method of making vul
canized India rubber was patented in 1839.
In 1813 the streets of London were for the
first time lighted with gas.
In 1809 Fulton took out the first patent for
the invention for the steamboat.
In 1807 wooden clocks commenced to be
made by machinery. This ushered in the era
of cheap clocks.
In |84Q the first experiments of photography
were made hy Daguerre.
The first steamboats which mado regular
trips across the Atlantic Ocean were the Sirius
and Great Western, in 1830.
In 1790 there were only very few post offices
in the whole country, and np to 1837 the rates
of postage were tweDty-five cents for a letter
sent over fonr hundred miles.
Abont the year 1833 the first railroad of any
considerable length was built in the United
States.
In 1813 there was built in Waltham, Massa-
sachasetts, a mill, believed to have been the
first in the world which combined all tt\e re
quirements for making finished 9\otft from the
raw cotton.
A Terrible Story of the Sea.
Mr. Webster, Broogbty Perry, near Dundee,
has received a letter from his son, who was
second mate of the Clyde ship, Arracan, hom
ed at sea on her voyage from Shields to Bom
bay with coals. The Arracan left Shields on
the lltb of Soptember last. On the 14th of
February the cargo ignited. On the 20th she
was on fire from stem to stem, and the crew
were compelled to abandon her. They left in
three boats. The first, under the command of
the captain, was picked up by the City of
Poonah, and the men were lauded at Eden ;
the gig, commanded by the chief officer, made
the land at Cochin; bnt the pinnace, under
the charge of the second mate, Mr. Webster,
provisioned for on\y seventeen days.. drifted
abont in the Indian Ocean for thirty-three
days until fallen in with the City of Manches
ter, and landed at Calcutta. When picked
up, the poor fellows were nrarly.600 miles from
the nearest land, and were in a sad condition.
Mr. Webster, in his statement, says:
1 Besides myself, there were three men and
a boy on board on the 10th of March. The
men cast lots as to who should be killed, and
it fell upon the boy. I would not allow them
to kill him, and threatened to shoot the first
man who should lay a hand upon him. Things
went on in this way for two days, when one of
the men tried to sink tho boat, and said he
woold have the boy’s live in twelve hours.
presented my gun at him, and had no sooner
done so than a bird,flew over the boat. I fir
ed and killed it. It was instantly secured and
devoured, feathers, bones and all. We sub
sisted afterthis on barnacles, which adhered
to the sides and bottom of the boat, and on
sea blubber, which was ravenously laid hold
of as it floated past. Delirious, with hanger,
one of the men, named Layford, asked to be
killed. Another man, named Davis, struck
him ou the head with a belaying pin. The
blood was caught iu a tin pan and eagerly
drunk by the two. I threw the pin overboard,
They then shook hands and langbed and kiss
ed each other like mad men. At last we were,
through the mercy of God, picked up by Capt.
Hardie, of the City of Maneb ester, by whom
we were very kindly treated and bronght to
Calcutta.”
The surgeon of the steamer which rescued
tbo men says they were in a wretched condi
tion. They could not stand on their feet, their
eyes stared from their sockets, and they were
perfect skeletons. Altogether they presented
the most painful sight he ever beheld. The
most cantions treatment had to be employed
in bringing abont their recovery.—Manchester
Guardian.
once been Judge of the county, and was well
known all over it, hy the name Of Judge R.
He kept a store and a saw-mill, and was al
ways sore to bars the best of the bargain on
his side, by which be had gained an ample
fortune < and some did not hesitate to call him
the biggest rascal in tho world. He was very
conceited withal, and nsed to brag of his busi
ness capacity whenever any one was near to
listen. One rainy day, as quite a number were
seated round the stove, he began, as usnal, to
tell of his great bargains, and at last wound
np with tho expression:
‘ Nobody has ever cheated me, nor they can’t
neither.’
’ Judge,’ said an old man of the company,
‘ I’ve cheated yon more thaB yon orer did me.’
* How sot’ said the Judge.
’ If you’ll promise you won’t go to law about
it, nor do anything, I’ll toll yon, or else I won't;
yon are too much of a law character for me.’
Let’s hear,’ cried half a dozen voices at
once.
* I’ll promise,’ said the Judge, ’ and treat in
the bargain if yon have.’
* Well, do yon remember the wagon you rob
bed me oft’
‘ I never robbed yon of a wagon; I only got
the best of the bargain,’ said the Judge.
‘ Well, I made np my mind to have it back,
and—’
‘ Yon never did,’ interrupted the cate Jadge.
4 Yes, I did, and interest, too.’
‘How sot’ thundered the now enraged
Judge.
* Well, yon see, Judge, I sold yon one day a
very nice pine log, and bargained with you for
a lot more. Well, that log I stole off yonr pile
down by ‘the mill the night before, and the
noxtday I sold it to you ; and so I kept on
until you had bought your own log of me twen
ty-seven times.’
That’s a lie!’ exclaimed the infuriated
, One Ghost Explained.
In a ffcmons haunted house on the road be
tween Yellow springs and Xenia, Ohio, super
stitious exhibitions were specially noted. The
people throughout that region hesitated to
speak about the place, and itB peculiarities
were mentioned in whispers. Hence my cu
riosity was aroused, and after preparing my
self, to resist any danger tbaimlghtoceur trom
the presence of desperate characters, I pro
ceeded to the place and provided an excellent
point for viewing the premises. It wonld have
been a tedious business to wait until midnight,
the time when ghosts are said to appear. But
I did not have to wait so long. About eley$p
o’clock a warm stream of air h\e.w up from
the south over a or^ and a quarter of a mile
or more ptfioh.'hiack, warm bottom-land. As
the vapor struck the hillside it condensed, and
little flying balloons of mist flew hither and
thither. The warm air lingered over and fer
mented an old pile of compost, decaying straw,
and a few old boards that were lyingabont-
Then there arose a vaporous, luminous body,
which, with its base on the ground and coni
cal or ronnd, fiery, clond-like head in the air,
took the shape of a woman. Crimsoft and
livid blood-Hke spots and s^pqks were about
her neck an^ scattered over her dress. She
wqyed ii'er hands, and her hair floated about
in clouds of light, while her eyes glittered like
the cold moon. Rising slowly from her hide
ous bed, the spectre moved hither and thith
er, as if the wind toyed with her and she eared
not whither she was taker). At last she
started as if to vis\t tpa in my retreat; then
turpihg « comer of the stable, she nearly dis-
Bared, there being nothing left visible bnt
along dirty-white trail. In a moment the
phantom tamed again, and crept into^the bro
ken doorway, stooping as she retired. Sever
al minutes elapsed, and concluding that she
bad collapsed or worn ont her vaporous
strength, I was in the act of leaving the place
when she came through the opening; oC the
doorway and orevicea between the logs. Then,
after walking or Boating about awhile, her
was dreadful to vritosss, the light went out and she became thinner, and
finally disappeared.
The Philosophy of Rain.
To understand the philosophy of this beau
tiful and often sublime phenomenon, so often
witnessed and so very essential to the existence
of plants and animals, a few facts derived from
observation and a long train of experiments,
must be remembered:
1. Were the atmosphere here, everywheie
and at all times, of a uniform temperature,
we should never have rain, hail or snow. The
water absorbed by it in evaporation from the
sea and the earth’s surface, would descend in
an imperceptible vapor, or cease to be absorb
ed by the air when it was once fully saturated.
2. The absorbing power of the atmosphere,
and consequently its capacity to retain hu
midity, is apportionatoly greater in warm than
in cold air. The air near the surface of the
earth is warmer than it is in the regions cf the
clonds. The higher we ascend from the earth
the colder do we find the atmosphere. Hence
the perpetual snow on very high mountains in
the hottest climate.
Now, when from continued evaporation the
air is highly saturated with vapor, though it
be invisible and the sky cloudless, if its tern'
perature is suddenly reduced by cold currents
descending from above, or rushing from a
higher to a lower latitude, by the motion of a
saturated air to a lower latitude, its capacity
to retain moisture is diminished, clouds are
formed, and rain is the result. It condonses,
cools, and like a sponge filled with wator aud
compressed, pours out the water which its di
minished capacity can not bold
Judge, running to his book and examining his
log account; ‘ yon never sold me twenty-seven
logs of the same measurement!’
t know it, said the vender in logs; 4 by
drawing it back and forth, the end wore off,
and as it wore I kept catting the end off until
it was only ten feet long—just fourteen feet
shorter than it was the first time I bronght it
—and when it got so I drew it home and work
ed it up into shingles, and the next week you
bought the shingles, and I concluded I had
got the worth of my wagon back and stowed
away in my pocket-book.’
The exclamation of the Judge was drowned
in the shout of the bystanders, and the log-
drawer found the door without the promised
treat. .
Something Abont Yourself.
Supposing yonr age to be fifteen years or
thereabouts, I can figure you up to a dot. Yon
have 160 bones, and 500 muscles; your blood
weighs 25 pounds; yonr heart is five inches in
longth and three in diameter; it beats 70
times per mionto, 4,800 times per hour, 100,-
8i()R per day, and 36,722,200 timee per year.
At each beat, a little over two ounces of blood
is thrown out of It; and each day it receives
and discharges abont sevon tons of that won
derful fluid. Yourlang8 will contain a gallon
of air, and yon inhale 24,000 gallons per day.
The aggregate surface of the' air-cells of yonr
lunge, supposing them to be spread ont, is20,-
000 square inches. The weight of your brain
is three pounds; when you are a man, it will
weigh abont eight ounces more. Yonr nerves
exceed ten millions in number. Year skin is
composed of three layers, and varies from one-
fourth to one-eighth of an inch in thickness.
The area of yonr skin is about 1,700 square
inches, and yon are subject to an atmospheric
pressure of fifteen pounds to the square inch.
Each square inch of year skin contains 3,500
aweating-tubes or perspiratory pores, each of
which may be likened to a little drain-tile
one-fonrth of an inch long, making a total
length in the entire surface of your body of
210,166feet, ora tile-ditch for draining the
body almost forty miles long.
A Hindoo Story,
A tiger, prowling in a fowl, was attracted
by a bleating calf. It proved to be a bait; and
tho tiger found himself trapped ih a spring
eagq. There he lay for two days, when a
Brahmin happened to pass that way. ’Oh,
Brahmin!’ piteously cried the beast, ‘have
meroy on me; let me ont of this cage.’ ‘ Ah
bat yon-will eat me.’ 4 Eat you! devour my
benefactor! Never could I be guilty of such
a deed;’ responded the tiger. Tho Brahmin,
being benevolently inclined, w»3 moved by
these entreaties, and openod the door of the
oage. The tiger walked up to him, waggod
hie tail, and said: 4 Brahmin, prepare to dio
I shall now eat you.’ * Oh! how ungrateful!
how wicked! Am I not your saviour I’ pro
tested toe trembling fcriest. 4 Truo,’ said the
tiger, 4 very true, bnt it is toe custom of
race to eat a man when wo got a chance, and
I cannot afford to lot you, go.* 4 Let us sub
mit the case tC. ap arbitrator,’ said the Brah-
mjpc ‘ Bare comes a fox. The fox is wise;
let us abide by his decision.’ 4 Very well,’ re
plied tho tiger. The fox, assuming a judicial
Mechanics.
Wbo.built all our cities, ear villages, every
hamlet and cottage in the land f Mechanics.
Who bnilt every ship, steamer, Tassel and
water craft that floats on every ocean, and
plows the surface of every river f Mechanics.
Who printed every Bible, hymn book and
newspaper, printed and bound every printed
volume on toe face of the globe f Mechanics.
Who constructs all the factories aud work
shops on the earth, and who runs them f Me
chanics.
Who constrnets all onr lines of railroads,
their locomotives and care, toe Pullman cars,
and nil the telegraph lines f Mechanics.
Who mak M every instrument of music, from
toe organ down to toe jowsharpt Mechanics.
Who makes all agricultural implements for
cultivating the soil, all nautical instruments
for navigating the oeean t Mechanics.
Who makes all the magnificent fnrnitnre
that oraamente the mansions of the rich—car
pets, mantle ornaments, Bllver and china table
service f Mechanics.
Who makes all the jewelry t hat adorns the
persons of toe ladies f Mechanics.
What would the civilized world be without
mechanicsf A waste, howling wilderness, and
man a barbarian.
We never think of this brave class of men,
Full Text of toe Cnrreney Bill as Signed by
the President.
Section 1. The act entitled 44 An act to pro
vide a National cnrreney, secared by a pledge
of United States bonds, and to provide for the
circulation and redemption thereof, approved
June 3, 1864,” shall bo hereafter known as the
National bank act.
Sec. 2. That section 31 of the National Bank
act be so amended that the several associa
tions therein provided for Bhall not hereafter
be required to keep on hand any amount of
money whatever by reason of the amount of
their respective circulations; but the moneys
required by said section to be kept at all times
on hand shall be determined by the amount
of deposits in all respects as provided for in
the said section.
Sec. 3. That every association organized or
to be organized under the provisions of the
said act, and of tbe several acts amendatory
thereof, shall at all times keep and have on
deposit in the Treasury of the United States,
a sum equal to five per centum of its circula
tion, to be held and used for tho redemption
of circulation, which sum shall be counted as
a part of its lawful reserve as provided in sec
tion 2 of this act; and when the circulating
cotes of any such associations, assorted or un
assorted, shall be presented for redemption in
sums of $1,000 or any multiple thereof to the
Treasurer of tin United States, the same shall
be redeemed in United States notes. All
notes so redeemed shall be charged by the
Treasurer of the United States to tbe respect
ive associations issuing the same, and be shall
notify them severally on the first day of each
month or oftenor, at his discretion of the amount
of sach redemptions, and whenever such re
demptions for any associations shall amount
to the sum of $500, such association so
notified shall forthwith deposit with the Treas
urer of the United States a sum in United
States notes equal to the amount of its circu
lating notes so redeemed; and ail notes of
National banks worn, defaced, mutilated, or
otherwise unfit for circnlation shall when re
ceived by any Assistant Treasurer or any de
signated depository of the United States, be
forwarded to the Treasurer of tbe United
States for redemption, as provided herein; and
when such redemptions have been so reimburs
ed, the circnlation notes so redeemed shall be
forwarded to the respective associations by
which vhoy were issaed; bat if any such notes
are worn, mutilated, defaced or rendered oth
erwise unfit for use, they shall be forwarded
to the Comptroller of the Currency, and de
stroyed and replaced as now provided by law
Provided, that each of said associations shall
Q ,... . _ ni4 . ... nt n nf „ n reimburse to the Treasury the charges for
and their great work, without a sense of pro- transportation and the costs for assorting sneh
fonnd gratitude prevading onr whole nature.
We honor and revere them fer their great
achievements. We cannot expect every fool
to do so however.
aspect, sat on his haunches with all tho dignity
ho could muster, and, looking at tho disputants,
^ The shape of the appa- bo said: 4 Good friends, I am somewhat con-
rition was such that it was easy for an imagi- fused at.tho different accounts whioh you give
native person to see it in the form of a sad-* of this matter; my mind is not clear enough
If I Had Leisure.
If I had leisure I would repair that weak
place in my fence,’ eaid a farmer. He bad
none however, and while drinking eider with
a neighbor, .toe cows broke in and injured a
prime piece of corn. He had leisure, then, to
repair his fenqe, but it did not bring back his
corn.
If I had leisure,’ said a wbeelright, last
winter,‘I would alter my stove pipe, for I
know it is not safe.’ But he did not find time
and whon hi3 shop caught fire and burnt down,
he found leisure to build another, ukki
• If I had leisure,’ said a mechanic, 4 1 should
have my work done in season.’ The man
thinks his time has beon all occupied, bnt he
was not at work till after sunrise ; he quit
work at five o’clock, smoked a cigar after din
ner, and spent two honrs on the street talking
nonsense with an idler.
4 If I had leisure,’ said a merchant, 4 1 would
pay more attention to my accounts and try to
collect my bills more promptly.’ The chance
is my friend, if yon had leisure yon would pro
bably pay les3 attention to the matter than
you do now. The thing lacking with hun
dreds of farmers who till the soil is, not more
leisure, but more resolution. The spirit to do
—to do now. If the farmer who sees his fenco
in a poor condition wonld only act at once
how much might be saved. It wonld prevent
breeeby cattle creating quarrels among neigh-
printed upon all national bank notes which
may be hereafter issaed by him.
Sec. 6. That the amount of-United States
notes outstanding, and to be issaed «f> a part
of the circulating medium, shall not exceed
the sum of $382,000,000, which said sum shall
appear in each monthly statement of the pub
lic debt, and no part thereof shall be held or
nsed as a reserve.
Sec. 7. That so much of tho act entitled 4 ! An
act to provide for the redemption of the three
per centum temporary loan certificates and fer
an increase of national hank notes” as pro
vides that no circulation shall be withdrawn
under the provisions of section 6 of said act
until after the $54,000,000 granted in section
1 of said act shall have been taken np, is here
by repealed; and it shall be the dnty of the
Comptroller of the Cnrreney, under toe direc
tion of tbe Secretary of toe Treasury, to pro
ceed forthwith, and he is hereby authorized
and required, from time to time, as application
shall be duly made therefor, and until tbe full
amount of the $54,000,000 shall be withdrawn,
to make a requisition on each of the national
banks described in raid section, and in the
manner therein provided, organized in States
having an excess of circulation, to withdraw
and return so much of this circulation as by
raid act may be apportioned to be withdrawn
from them, or in lieu thereof to deposit in the
Treasury of the United States lawful money
sufficient to redeem such circulation, and upon .
the return of the circulation required, or the
deposit of lawful money as herein provided, a
proportionate amount of the bonds hfld to se
cure tbe circulation of each association as shall
make such return or deposit shall be surrender
ed to it.
Sec. 8. That npGn the failure of the national
banks upon which requisitions for circnlation
shall be made, or of any of them, to return the
amount required, or to deposit in the Treasury
lawful money to redeem tho circulation requir
ed within 30 days, the Comptroller of the Cur
rency shall at onee sell, as provided in section
49 of the National Carrency act, approved
Jane 3,1864, bonds held to secure tbe redemp
tion of the circulation of the association or as
sociations which shall so fail, to an amount
sufficient to redace the circnlation required of
such association or associations, and with the
proceeds which shall be deposited in tbe
Treasury of the United States so much of the
circulation of raid association or associations
shall be redeemed as will equal the amount re
quired and not returned; and if there be any
excess of proceeds over the amount required
for such redemption it shall be returned to the
association or associations whose bonds shall
have been sold; and it shall be the duty of
the Treasurer, Assistant Treasurers, designat
ed depositories, and national bank depositaries
of the United StateB, who shall be kept in
formed by the Comptroller of the Currenoy of
such associations as shall fail to retnm circu
lation as required, to assort and return to the
Treasurer for redemption the notes of such as
sociations as shall come into their hands until
the amount required ehall be redeemed, and
in like manner to assort aud return to tbe
Treasury for redemption the notes of such
national banks as have failed or gone into vol
untary liquidation for the purpose of winding
up their affairs, or such as shall hereafter so
fail or go into liquidation. ’
Sec. 9. That from and after tbe passage of
this act it shall be lawful for the Comptroller
of the Currency, and he is hereby ordered to
issue circulating notes without delay as ap
plications therefor are made, not to exceed
the sum of $55,000,000, organized or to be or
ganized in those States and Territories haviDg
less than their proportion of circulation under
an apportionment made on the basis of popula
tion and of wealth, as shown by ths returns
of the censnsof 1870, and every association
hereafter organized shall be subject to and gov
erned by the rules, restrictions and limitations
and possess the rights, privileges and franchi
ses now or hereafter to bo prescribed bylaw
as national banking associations, with tbe
same power to amend, alter, and repeal pro
vided by the National Back act, provided that
the whole amount of circnlation withdrawn
and removed from the backs transacting busi
ness shall not exceed $55,000,000, and that
each circnlation shall be withdrawn and re
deemed as shall be necessary to supply tho
circulation previously issued to toe banks in
those States having less than thplr apportion
ment ; and provided farther that not more
than $30,000,000 shall be withdrawn and re
deemed as herein contemplated daring the
fiscal year ending Jane 30, 1875.
Tbe title of tho bill is amended to read as
follows: 44 An act to fix the amount of United
States notes, provided fer the re-distribution
of the National Bank Carrency, and for ether
purposes.”
The report is signed by all the members of
the committee.
notes, and the associations hereafter organized
shall also severally reimburse to toe Treasury
the cost of engraving such plates as shall be
ordered by each association respectively, and
the timonnt assessed npon each association
shall be in proportion to the circnlation re
deemed, and be charged to the fnnd on depos
it with the Treasurer; and, provided farther,
that so much of section 32 of raid National
Bank act reqniring or permitting the redemp
tion of its circulating notes elsewhere than at
its own counter, except as provided for in this
section, Is hereby repealed.
Seo. 4. That any association organized un
der this act, or any of the acts of whieh this is
an amendment, desiring to withdraw its cir
culating notes, in whole or in part, may, upon
the deposit of lawfnl money with the Trea
surer of the United States, in sums of not less
than $9,000, take np tbo bonds which said as
sociation has on deposit with the Treasurer
for the security of each circulating notes, which
bonds shall be assigned to the bank in tbe
manner specified lathe 19th section of the
National Bank act; and the oatstanding notes
of said association, .to an amonnt equal to the
legal tender notes deposited, shall be redeem
ed at tho Treasury of tho United States, and
destroyed, as now provided by law; provided,
that the amount of tho bonds on deposit for
circulation shall not be reduced below $50,-
000.
Sec. 5. That tho Comptrollorof the Currency
shall, under such rules and regulations as the
Secretary of tho Treasury may prescribe, cause
the charter members of the assoeiation to
Mexican Manners.
A writer in the City of Mexico rays:
4 1 doubt it any capital in the world contains
so many handsome women and wealty gentle
men, or has so many poor; hideous looking
people. Like all Spanish towns, tbe rich are
very rich and the poor are very poor. The
wealthy are handsomely, tastefully and fash
ionably attired; while those of onr middle
class affect the chivalrous dress of the old
Castile—cloth jackets with metalic burtons,
gaudy sashes, sombreroi with embroidered
bands, and gold and silver clasps down tbe
outer seams of the pantaloons. The women
promenade with no head-dress, their faces
protected from tbe snn by parasols, which they
coquettisbly carry. From ten to twelve in the
morning tbe streets are thronged, and the
shops are crowded until four or five o’clock in
the afternoon, after which hoar few ladies are
te be seen on tbo thoroughfares until late in
the evening. Then the parks, plazas, and
promenades wear an animated appearance.
Ladies are to be seen floating about gracefully
followed by their servants ; and caballeros, in
full dress—swords, boots and spare—ride slow
ly around, mounted on snperb horses, whose
heads and loins are nearly covered with ele
gant trappings.”
..A Scotchman went to a lawyer once for
advice and detailed tho circumstances of the
case.' 4 Have you told me the facts precisoly
as they occurred?’asked the lawyer. ’Oh!
aye, sir!' replied he; 4 1 thought it host to tell
_ ye the plain truth. Ye can put the lie8 into
be' it yourself.'
