Newspaper Page Text
li\r JOHN H. CHRISTY
DEVOTED TO NEWS, POLITICS, AGRICULTURE, EDUCATION AND GENERAL PROGRESS.
$2.00 per Annum, in advance.
VOLUME XXI.
ATHENS, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY, JANY 27, 1875.
NUMBER 43.
THE SOUTHERN WATCHMAN
PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY.
i^ r corner of llrotut and Walt Streetu, (up-ntair
TERMS.
T^VO DOLLARS PER ANNUM,
INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
fall and winter stock of
Millinery
and fancy goods.
MRS. T. A. ADAMS
A fcNOIJNCES to the public that she is now rccoiv-
• * ini? a lar^c and varied stock of Ladies’ Bonnet?,
Fin
ADVERTISING.
\Jrertifement? will belnscrted :it ONE D0LI.4H
INI) FIFTY rENTS por square for the first inser
iiot, an<i SEVENTY-FIVE CENTS per .square
ssehooniinuance. f>»r uny f iino under one month
longer periods, a liberal deiluction will bo made.
^0^ A liberal io luction on yearly advertisements.
LIMAL ADVERTISING .
Sheriff’* sales, por levy of 10 line? $500
•• inortja!;e sales. 00 days 5.DO
Sale*. 40 lays, by Administrator*, Executor?, or
Guardian* 0.50
Citations of Administration or Guardianship 1.00
N\>tii'« t * Debtors and Creditors 5.00
Rule* SiA. per ? piarc. each insertion 1.50
Uaretosell ileal Estate 4.00
Citationf »r «lisinii»ion of Administrator 5.00
Guardi
b.?.b
*f„ ascertain the number of square?
bituary, countthe words—on'
en lines. A11 fractions arc
rasn?
,quar
i nn advertMie-
hutidrcd beinp
ountod a? full
professional anb Easiness Carbs.
noBB, ERWIX X COBB.
U ATrORNEVS AT LAW.
ATIIEXS, GEORGIA.
Offle, in the Deuprmj Building. Dee2l
A
A. EDGE,
ROOT, SHOE AND HARNESS MAKER,
Watkinsvillk, Ga.
B 1
id to bis care.
ANKRUPTCV.—Samuel I\ Thurmond,
Attorney.at-Law. Athens.
0fir*on Broad street,over thr tturc of Barry A S
Wiil *ive special attention to case? in Uaukruptcy.
io, I j the collection of a
I7W.LVKD & OKU,
lli Wholesale and Retail Dealer?,
and COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
Dupree Hall. Broad St, Athen
We arc now prepared to *
bale, tod will advance cash
G a
» Cotto
when desired.
0et2S.
l
ENGLISH Sc CLASSICAL SCHOOL,
For Roy?, cor. Wray and Lumpkin ?t? ,
apS—Sm LEE M. LYLE, Pi
TTVMORY speek,
L.1
GA.
jAWYER, ATHENS
A* Solicitor General of Western Circuit, will att«
the Court? of Clarke, Walton. Gwinnett, Hall, Rati
Jackson, Habersham, Franklin, Rabun and W h
*oi pirc attention to collecting and other claiu.i
thoie counties. March IV,
TPDWAKI) It. HARDEN.
I d (Late Judge U. S. Court? Nebr
and now Judge of lirooks C<
Attorney at Law,
july23 ly Quitman, Bro>
t?ka and Utah,
unty Court)
County, O' 1
JOBS S. HSTRS. MADISON BELL.
TASTES ,t BELL, Attorneys at Law,
ill GAINESVILLE. GA.
.ft'WILL practice in the counties composing the
W#jtcrn Circuit, and Dawson and Forsyth countie*
of the Blue ltidge Circuit. They will also practice in
the Sapreiae Court of Georgia, and in t ie United State*
Court at Atlanta. may 14
P A)YD & SILMAN,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
Will practice in the counti-
OHS J. KLOYD,
Covington, Ga. mar4
Jofferpo
J.'-
O’KELLEY’S
PHOTOGRAPH GALLERY.
Over William?’Shoo store, Broad street, Athens
Georgia. sep3.
Hat?^ Lacc?, Ribbon?, Trimmings, Ac., which sbe if
offering at low pricos. Call,cxnmine and be convinced,
t door to Hank of the University, A tb«n*. $cp20
E. A. WILLIAMSON,
Practical Watchmaker and Jeweler.
A T Dr. King’? Drug Store, Broad Street, will
cute ull work entrusted to him in the best
and at reasonable prices.
JiTdt' Terms positively CASH.
exo-
style
New Finn andNew Goods.
GRIFFETH & CRANE
A UK now opening at the old stand of Lampkin A
Cnnc, No. V Broad Street, a fino stock of
STAPLE, DRY ROODS,
GROCERIES,
PROVISIONS ON ALL KINDS,
Hats, Shoes, Crockery,
TABLE AND POCKET CUTLERY,
In fart,
cty Stor
and the
Fcbl
'cry thing usually kept in a first-class Van
—which wo propose to sollat the lowest cast
exchange for Country Produce.
>octfully solicit the patronage of our friends
ublic generally.
GRIFFETH A CRANE.
DR. WHITTIER:
N;. 617 St. Charloa Street, St Louis, Ha,
rSriuV. 10 .™ ''**** ■* U> B.rriM., bloc.
- r »btck rt.ulu fro a
l7wvS..™ l“pr.a.M., .lib anpbrblUl,,! ..eoo.t
i/] . i ». f" B . 1 t b, lb. BUI. Of HU.
,,rf hu *■—» o.ubu.b«. i. Nci.
I : r ? “4 relUf. Ella. . nUnu of
.oterol moilcl oolloiro,, ,nd b.rlo, ibo cib.rl.Dco ■
Iro din. *“ UwM HU POIUOU
> I* enable
MARRIAGE GUIDE,
r«?n)ar book which should be read by ererr-
..‘J r * r*» Pr ertotemrlaUni mar.
Lv 6 i! C |*?I d0 •'l.thcnt It. It contains the cream of
zperk-ace; also i
i kuroye ana America. Sent uml
The Best Spool Cotton,
I^OR
1 O. N. T
I be u
to the wise si
dozen Spool*
FACTURIN
julyl—lv
f tb
ng Machine, is “ CLARK’S
hilly that made for and boaring
or Manufacturing Co. A word
sufficient. ^09^ Price, 75c. pet
office of the SINGER MANU
G. H. HOPE. Agent.
Bishop’s Corner, Athens, Ga.
Wagon Yard in Athens.
r pH K ?iih?criberbns fitted upand opened a 0afo,cu
l fortable and commodioup Wagon Yard, on Ri
street, in theneighhorhiiod of the Upper Bridge, where
CORN. I ODDER,and ail other necessary supplies can
be purchase J on reasonable terms. Charge? moderate.
The highest market price paid for Country Produce,
an i Bank hill* roedved in exchange for Goods,
duly? if WILEY F. HOOD.
THE GREAT REMEDY
-FOR-
T H. HUGGINS,
1/ • holosalo and Rotail Dealer in
DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, HARDWARE, .te.
Foblft Broad Street, Athens, Ga.
TOilS II. CHRISTY,
U Pl.in or. l Fancy BOOK AND JOB PRINTER,
Broad St., Athens, Ga.
Ofice corner Broad aud Wall streets, over the store
Jsme* I). Pittard. tf
Burns, Scalds, Coras, Poison Oak, Stines
of insets and Cutaneous Inflammations Generally.
DISCOVERED BY MRS. L. E. BISH,
JUG TAVERN, WALTON CO., GA.,
TAMES L LYLE,
^ Attorsky at Law,
D«52 JIM TKIXSVII.LE, GA.
JOHN M. MATTHEWS.
U Attornky at Law,
Danielsviile.G a.
Prompt attention w I’.! bo given to Any business on-
•uited to his care. MarcbM.
TAMES l. long, M. I).
tl SURGEON, ACCOUCHEUR A PHYSICIAN,
(Ojjic* at Mr. Thom,is Sheaf Store,)
Uo >d Hone District, Walton county, Ga.
Uffcn his professional services to the citizens of the
surrounding country. aug27
K ELIAS, Attorney at Law,
• FRANKLIN. N. 0.
Practices in all the Courts of Western North Caro
lina, and in the Federal Courts. Claims collected in
*11 part? of the State. aplfi—ly
T IVERY, Feed and Sale Stable,
ATHENS, GA.
G.4.V.V £ REAVES, Proprietor*.
^.Will be found at their old stand, rear Frank-
bo House building, Thomas street. Keep alway
on hand good Turn-outs and careful drivers.
Stock a t .. ared for when entrusted to our caro.
Stock on band for sale at all times. dec25—tf
M W. HIDES,
• ATTORNEY AT LAW,
U.S. Claim Agent and Notary Public,
.. Gai.hbsvillk, Ga.
Jw* Ofice on Wilson street, below King A Bro’s.
Tabruary ly, 1673.
C >lirL » K. P. DOWELL
PEEI’LES ic HOWELL,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
r-k«. an ^ Kimball House, Atlanta. Ga.
IJaACTICK in the State and Federal Courts, and
j- ,V tC Q d r °g»»larly all thoCourts in Atlanta, includ-
t * 8u P^eme Court of the State, and will argue
Urm| B * M,n ^ r ‘®^ ^ or parties, on reaiouable
practice in tho Courts of tho counties con
NfStUS
or accessible to Atlanta by Railroad, sepli
pAVILIOS HOTEL,
T i• ,, ri _ CHARLESTON, S. C.
#tB| ls 'IKsT-CLASS Hotel is situated in tho very
•tom* part of the city, and all who
^ill find every convenience aud luxury that
® be procured. Board, per day, $3.00.
ti A “ ,LT01I » Supt. Mrs. L. II. Butterfield,
—_ D «» ti
Proprxelrtnt.
J? S. ADAMS, M. D.,
0ft* ^ 0R 0*O», AccocruEUR AND Phthiciah.
I* u ce Rt > r®*»dence, Mountain District, Walton co« M -
i ^ ,TI professional services to the
■——the surrounding country* aug20—ly
S c ffiL*
U JAS entered against the World, at the lute State
Fair at Macon, and isdaily effecting THE MOST
i indis
’ should be
VNDERFUL CURDS, and ha? becom
msablo household necessity. No famil
itbout it !
I f. after trial, a fjtuily is willing to live without this
eparntion lor Ton Dollars, agents arc authorized to
fund the money.
* FOR SALE,
In Athens—At Dr Win Kiug’s Drug Store and at
the Stnro of Judge J D l’ittard.
In Wntkiusville—At the Store of Booth JL Durham.
In Monroe—At Dr Galloway's Drug Store.
At Princeton—By Mr llus.'-elL
Address ail orders to WILEY II. BUSH,
novlU Jug Tavern, Walton co., Ga.
ANTI-PY R0TIC,
OR,
Grreat Fire-Killer.
NO HUMEUG!
CERTAIN,SUIIE, RELIABLE.
B Y a recent discovery,
public a safe, certain and sure cure for
are enabled to offer tb
public
Burns, Scalds, Srald-lli nd, Slings by Insects,
Tetter, KlitKlVorn), Piles, Sore Eyes
and Old Sores ol long standing.
This preparation has been thoroughly tested—in
burns always insures almost instant relief—has never
failed in a single instance.
We have in onr possession numbers of certificates
owing tho WONDERFUL CURES effected hy this
preparation, which never fails.
Every Family should bave a Bottle of it
READY FOR USE! ’
one knows how soon a member of the family may
netd It.
It is a Georgia production and perfectly free from
mineral poison.
'il*^L-Foraaloin Athens at tho Drug Stores of Dr. R.
.Smith .t Co.and I)r. Win. King,Jr.
Orders should he addressed to
JARUETT A MULKEY,
AugS Walton’s Ford, Ga
FRESH OYSTERS 1KD FISH.
1 WILL nerve fine, fresh fish and oysters, at all
hours, at iny restaurant on Jackaon street, and will
p a good supply for sale. Every thing neat and
clean. FRANCIS LOUIS, (Democrat,)
NovIS—3t. Propriator.
ATHENS
MARBLE AHDGRIHITE YARD.
A. 11. Robertson
D ealer in?
M
Monuments, Head Stones, CradleTombs,
Marhloand Granite Box Tombs. Also, Vascsand
Marble Tops for Furniture. Persons desiring work of
this kind will do well to examine my designs before
purchasing elsewhere. Prices moderate.
Work shop adjoining old cemetery,
joly22—ly
hosiers in
* or,i * n »»*Domestic HARDWARE,
No. fi,Broad street, Athens, Ga.
11 ADAIR, D. D. S.
0«* . Gaimesville, Ga.
_^ ,0 utheast corner Public Square.
S Ct WBB8,
VIiaI.
Itaai. . , "uclesaleand Retail Dealer in
FtU 4 DRY OOODS, GROCERIES, Ac.
~ No. n Broad Street, Athene, Ga.
P L AIN and Fancy Job Printing,
At the Southern Watchman Office.
f^POOL SILK!
'j ... THK best and CHEAPEST! G it that man
*■ ifaetw J* aviI,ISArjsaiI wjtinaiinsn
la Singer Manufacturing Company,
U| Hachfou 1 * or 0ie on hinds of Sew-
■jffiSMsaawaaae
~—a. H. noPH, Agent, Athtni, Ga.
B«k’u*R^ 0 ! k WR BKLY WITNESS, firing New.,
»U| ..... n 1 **’ Bleturee and Lira Editorial., at
ia iLl 0 ' 1 * 1 * P‘ id ' baa reaehad 75,000 eireu-
“ r *« 7»ar«. Send for fraa aamplo copy.
HORSES & MOLES.
cpiIE under.igned hare e.tabliehed, in addition to
tbeir Livery, a regular
SALE STABLE,
And will, from Ibis date, keep on band, at all time.,
a full .upply of
HORSES & MUIES.
Those in want e Stock can be .upplied at
i"Reasonable Figures.
Give u.'a call.
Athens. Nov. 4—tf
GANN A REAVES.
Brackets! Brackets!
BRACKETS) Wall Poeket., Book-Shelre*, Clock
B^Shcl'vej/IVi let-CaBes Mateh-Safes, Hanging Bas
kets, do—the largest and handsomest assortment ever
brought to Athena. Fur sale^l
nov25
BURKE’S BOOK STORE.
IF YOU WANT TO SEE
Fitt© Mules.
That will do yon good to look opon, go to.tho old
place. no»4—St
norl
[ & REAVES.
Governor’s Message.
Fxectttive Department of Georgia, )
Atlanta, Ga., January 13, 1875. $
To the General Assembly :
In the discharge of the daty imposed upon
mo tiy the Constitntion, I hare the honor to
lay before tbo General Assembly the informa
tion deemed proper in reference to the condi
tion of tho Commonwealth, and to recommend
to their consideartion such measures as are
deemed necessary and expedient.
FINANCIAL. .
Most prominont among tho subjects claiming
the attention of tbe General Assembly is the
financial condition of tbe State. Tbe balanco
in the Treasury on tho 1st day of January,
1874. was 8922,55().25. and tho amount receir-
cd during tbe last fiscal year was $1,895,116.-
86 ; making tbe aggregate amount charged
against the Treasurer last year, $2,817,723.11.
Tbo disbursements for the same period
amounted to $1,714,564 23, which, deducted
from the amount received, leaves a balanco of
$1.005,128.88on hand January 1, 1875. The
particular sources from which the receipts
wero derived, and the various purposes for
which the disbursements were made, are
stated in the Comptroller-General's report,
and need not bo specially set forth in this
communication. Tho Legislature, at tbe ses
sion of 1873. made an appropriation to pay
tho claim of Russell Sage. This claim amount
ed to $423,125, and no means having been
specially provided for its payment, it was
•atisfied out of tho ordinary revenues which
came into tho Treasury during that year.
This created a deficiency last year which
could not he supplied otherwise than by re
sorting to tho very doubtful oxpediont of short
temporary loans. As an evidence of the im
proved condition of tho public crodit, it may
here ho stated, howover, that uo difficulty was
fouud in raising the required amount, at a
reasonable rato of interest. The steady growth
in the wealth of the State, as shown by the
Comptroller General’s report, cannot fail to
ho very gratifying to the pooplo. The re
ported increase in the value of taxable prop
erty for tho year 1874, is more than $30,000,-
000 over and above tho value roportod for
the previous year. This increase was pro
duced, in part, hy the repeal of tho law ex
empting a certain amount of property from
taxation. Hut after making full allowance
for tbo repeal of this exemption, it appoars
that the. net increaso in tho value of taxable
property returned was $12,700,376. I may
bore be allowed to note for commendation
tho thoroughness and accuracy exhibited by
tho Comptroller-General in preparing tho
different tables contained in this report. I
unite with tho Comptroller-General in recom
mending that his office ho relioved of tbe duty
of consolidating and taking care of tbo agri
cultural returns. Tho reports ef tax receiv
ers to his offico, in my judgment, furnish the
most economical and reliable channels for the
collection of agricultural statistics. Tho law
should he so amended, however, as to secure
with reasonable certainty all the information
desired, and to this end Tax Receivers should
be obliged, as a part of their official duty, to
collect and roturn tho required statistics.
Other amendments of tho tax laws are recora
mended by the Comptroller-General, which
aro respectfully roferred to tho General As
sembly for consideration. According to tho
statement presented hy tho Treasurer, the
funded debt of the State, not yet matured
amounted, on the first day of January, 1875,
to $8,105,500. Tho principal and interest due
thereon the present year amounts to $670,385,
Included in this is the first instalment of$100,-
100 of tho 8 per cent, bonds issued under tho
authority of the act approved February 19,
1873. The Treasurer states that, in addition
to the foregoing, thoro is also oatstanding,
$269,500, past due bonds, which, together
with the unpaid interest thereon, amounts to
$323,400. The report contains a full and par
ticular descriptive list of those last mention
ed bonds. It is suggested hy the Treasurer
that a large amount of the same was paid hy
a former agent of tho State, and not returned
to tho Treasury for cancellation. It should
here ho stated, that tho failure upon the
part of this agent to make such return has
produced serious inconveuieucc, and probably
loss to the Treasury.!
Having loason to believe that Messrs. Hen
ry Clews ic Co., the agent just referred to,
wero converting to their own use paid up
bonds of tbo State, and desiring to relievo the
Treasury from all complications growing out
ol their transactions as agent, I directed tho
Attorney-General to proceed to New York
and obtain, if possible, a settlement of their
account with the State. Upon his return
this officer reported that ho found it impossi
bio to effect a satisfactory settlement of the
account; that Mr. Clews imsitively refused to
permit any examination of his hook and vouch
ore, unless tbe account which ho bad thereto
foro rendered against the State wero first
paid. It hardly ueod he stated that such an
unreasonable condition could not bo complied
with. The cbiet objection to tho account
rendered was. that many of its items were not
supported hy proper vouchers. Tho exami
nation of these vouchors, if produced, would
necessarily have involved an inspection of the
books and papers of tbe agent. A settlement
having been thus refused, the Attorney-Gen
era! requested to be furnished with informa
tion in reference to tbe bonds which bad gone
into possession of Messrs. Clews & Co., and
which had Dot been returned by them to the
Treasury. This request was also refused
is rumored that this firm has recently been
adjudged bankrupt, and it is now hoped that
satisfactory information in reference to tbe
State securities in its possession may be ob
tained at no distant day. By reference to the
report of tbe Bond Committee, made to the
Legislature at tho Summer session of 1872.lt
will be seen that, in addition to tbe bonds de
clared void by tbe act approved August 23d
1872, Henry Clews & Co. also bold $800,000
of currency bonds. Issued under tbe act of Au
gust, 1870. There is reasou to believe mat,
notwithstanding tbe action of tbe Legislature
declaring these bonds invalid, this agent has
transferred, or in some other way converted
tbe same to his own use. To prevent tbe In
jury to tbe public interest likely to result
from any unauthorized or unlawfol negotia
tion of our securities, I would suggest that all
tbe bonds recognized to be legal and binding
on tbe State, issued during tbe late adminis
tration, bo withdrawn from circulation, and
that other bonds of similar ameuDt of proper
tenor and effect be issued iu lieu thereof.
This action would, in my judgment, pe bens
ficial to the public credit, and wonld effectu
ally protect tbe Treasury against imposition
and frand. There being no reason to believe
that tbe railway companies, whose p
has been taken possession of by tbe State for
non-payment of inteaest, will be able to make
any arrangement to resume poeeession of tbeir
property, I respectfully suggest thepropn
ety of authoring tbe issue of an amount
State bonds sufficient to redeem tbe bonds
tbe companies upon which the State ft liable.
These companies are insolvent, and tbe bold
ers of tbeir endorsed bonds will have to look
to tbe State alone for payment. It is not pro
bable, therefore, that tbe bondholders wonld
hesitate to exchange, upon reasonable terms,
the securities held by them for State bonds.
In settling tbe details of each an arrangement,
a material benefit might be secured for tbe
State without doing any injustice whatever
tbe holders of tbe bonds. Believing that tbe
interest of tbe Commonwealth would be sub
served thereby, I respectfully recommend tbe
ndoption of a measure giving effect to tbe
foregoing suggestions.
The follow ing estimate of tbe Treasurer^
showing tbe probable receipts and disburse
ments at tbe Treasury, for tbe fiscal year end
ing December'S!,T874, with such alterations
, in my judgment, tbe public interest de^
Bonds, is rospectiully submitted :
RECEIPTS.
Cash balance in Treasury De
cember 31, 1874
From general tax of I875.._.
From general tax of 1874
Rental of W. ft A.R. R
Insurance tax 1875
Railroad tax 1875
Express Company tax 1875...
Dirideadi
Taxes of formeryears unpaid.
Hire of convicts
From all other sources
niSBUr.SXVEETS.
Civil Establishment $100,000.00
Legislative pay-roll 100,000.00
Lunatic Asylum 115,400.00
Pay of Chaplain and Trustees 2,000.00
Deaf and Dumb Asylum 13,500.00
Academy for the blind 11,000.00
University of Georgia 8,000.00
Printing fund 20,000.P0
Contingent fund 20,000.00
Public buildings 20,000.00
Executive Department _ 10,000.00
SuperintendentPuhlic Works 2,000.00
Clark Wild Land Offioe 1,200.00
"accino Agent 300.00
Educational fund 150,000.00
School Comm’r and Clerk.... 3,700.00
Supremo Court Reports 3,600.00
Solicitor Gcnoral cost in Su
preme Court
Old debts W. ft A. R. R
Public debtand interest due
iu 1875 £670,333.00
Principal Keeper Penitentia*
ry 2,000.00
Agricultural Department.... 10,000,00
Geological Survey 10,000.00
All Special appropr : ations.... 200,000.00-$!,400,583.00
Balance in Treasury Janoary
• 1S75
$1,403,128.88
900,004.00
300,0(0.00
300,000.00
20,000.00
10,000.00
500.00
200,000 00
10,000.00
10.000.00
30,090.00
$2,685,620.88
2,000.00
25,000.00
$1,086,045.88
In tbo foiegoing table I have made no esti
mate for the Atlanta University. Fer reasons
briefly given in another part of this communi
cation, eo appropriation ought, iu my judg
ment, to be made for that institution.
MACON AND BRUNSWICK RAILROAD.
Accompanying this communication is a state
ment made up from the monthly reports of tbe
Receiver of tbo Macon and Brunswick Rail
road, showing tbe receipts and disbursements
on account of the property in bis bands, since
tbe same was taken possession of in behalf of
tbo State. For reasons set forth in my last
annual message to tbe General Assembly, it
was found necessary, on taking possession of
the road, to continue to receive as money tbe
change bills heretofore issued by tbe company
for convenience in its business. All tbo net
earnings of tbo road since its soizure have been
applied in tbe redemption of these bills. As
fast as redeemed, tbe bills have beon deposit
ed in tbe State Treasury, where they remain
subject to examination by the General Assem
bly. Somo time before tbe road passed inte
tbo bands of the State, tbo company executed
deed conveying considerable property to cer
tain trustees, to be used in redeeming the bills,
and this property is now in the possession of
tbe Recoiver, and when sold, tbe proceeds
thereof should be used to reimburse tbo Stato
for tbe amount paid out in their redemption.
Tbe amount of these bills still in circulation,
according to tbe best information of tho Re
ceiver, is $16,749 50. Having beon led to
believe that an arrangement might bo made,
whereby tho company would be enabled to pay
the accrued interest on its bends endorsed by
tiio State, and resume possession of tbe road,
and entertaining doubts whether tbe property
could be disposed of for its value, I deferred
any action looking to a sale of tbe same, until
tbe month of September last. Having then
become satisfied that tbe company would not
pay this past due interest, and believing that
it would probably be for the interest of tbe
State to divest tbe company of its title to tbe
jroperty, an order was issued directing the
■teceiver to advertise a sale of tbe road and
its equipments on tbe first Tnesday in Decem
ber last. Before tbe day of sale arrived, bow-
evor, I felt it to be my duty, after an examina
tion of the records of tbe company, to with
draw tbe property from tbe market, and to
submit tbo questiou of tbo proper disposition
to be made of tbe same to the General Assem
bly. In explanation of this action on my part,
the following statement is respectfully submit
ted : The Legislature, at tho adjourned ses
sion of 1872. adopted a joint resolution declar
ing “ that the State’s guaranty placed on tho
bonds of tho Macon and Brunswick Railroad
Company is binding on the State." At tbe
time of tbe adoption of this resolution, tbe
Legislature bad before it what appearod to bo
sufficient evidence of tbe validity and regu
larity of tbe endorsements, and especially of
tho endorsements made under tbe act approv
ed December 3, 1866. These endorsements
received further recognition by tbo Legisla
ture in tbe annual appropriation act of 1874
and no doubt ns to tbe validity of tbe last
named endorsements arose in my own mind,
□util tbe recent examination of tbo company’s
records referred to above. A brief review of
the history of tbe company just hero may aid
the General Assembly in solving tbe grave
questions here presented. In tbo President’s
report, submitted to a meeting of the stock
holders of tbe company, held tbe first day of
February, 1866, that officer used tbe following
lauguage:
“ From tbo necessity of keeping the accounts
for tbe last four years in tbe depreciated cur
rency of tbe Confederate States, tbe balance
sheets of tho Treasurer present an exaggerated
statement of tbe cost of tbe road, through its
various items of expenditure. Assuming that
we are able to liquidate tbe bonds and out
standing liabilities during the coming year
with tbe assets in band, which I think can be
done, or nearly so, having thus do debts, the
amount of stock paid in should give tbe cost
of the road. This will simplify tbe matter
very much. Tbe stock list gives not quite
$800,000 in round numbers. We have, then,
for this sum of $800,000, a Irst-olass road fifty
miles long, equipped and running, together
with seventy miles additional ready for tbe
iron rails, clear of incumbrance or debt of any
description. Deducting $200,OfiO, as cost of
the seventy miles of grading, we have $12,000
per mile as the average cost of tbe fifty miles
of running road—an extremely low figure ior
(this) description of road." From the forego
ing statement of tbe President of tbe oompauy,
it appears that, so early as February, 1866, as
much as fifty miles of the road was fully com
pleted and in running order, at a cost of $12,
000 per mile, and. that in addition thereto
seventy-five miles bad been graded at a coat
of $200,000, and was ready for the superstruc
ture, and that tbe property of the company
was “ clear of incumbrance or debt of any de
scription." So far, it appears that tbe road
has been constructed by individual enterprise
alone.
The act of 1866 already referred to, granted
tho aid of the State for tbe completion of the
read on the following terms: “ That is
•ay, tbe Governor should place tbe endorse
ments of the State on the bonds of the com
pany to be issued, to the amount of $10,000
per mile for the portion of the read then al
ready completed, and tbe like amount per mile
for every additional ten miles, as the same was
dorsements were made, the Governor should
“ be satisfied that as much of the road as the
said endorsements shall be applied for " bad
been really finished and equipped, and that
the road was free from every incumbrance that
might endanger tbe security of the State. On
the day after the approval of the act just re
ferred to, a series of resolutions explanator;
of its provisions was provided that' the bonds
of the company, to be endorsed by tbe State,
shonid not exceed $1,000,000 nntil an amount
of capital equal to tbe endorsement was " Iona
fide subscribed and paid into said company."
bonds to tbo amount of $1,000,000, there
should not be any further endorsement, unless
an equal amount of capital should bo subscrib
ed in good faith and paid into tbe eompany.
After tbe grant of tbe aid of the State, it does
not appear that any action was taken by the
company extending the road until tbe 25th day
of Juno, 1868. On that day an agreement, a
copy of which is herewith transmitted, was
ostensibly entered into by George G. Hnil and
Sidney G. Smith, of New York, with tbe com
pany, whereby they agreed to furnish material
and construct tbe unfinished portion of the
road to the city of Brunswick. In considera
tion thereof, tbe company agreed to pay tbe
said Hull 6c Miller as follows: $1,500,000 of
the first mortgago bonds of tbe compauy, en
dorsed by the Stato, $1,000,000 of 7 per cont.
second mortgage bonds of tbe company, and
$1,500,000 of preferred capital stock of tbe
company, which should be entitled to receive
dividends at tbe rato of 8 per cent, por annum,
before any dividend whatever should be paid
to tho common stock. It was further agreed
that all of tbo said securities should at onco be
issued by the company, and placed in tbe
bands of Dabney, Morgan & Co., bankers, of
New York, as trusteos, who should, upon tbe
completion of each section of ton miles of road,
obtain the endorsement of tbe State upon tbe
first mortgago bonds of the company, and
should deliver the securities placed in tbeir
bands as aforesaid to such persons as Messrs.
Hull 6c Miller might direct, upon tbo estimato
of tbe Chief Engineer of the company. The
company also agrcod to obtain tbe endorse
ment of tbe Stato upon the first mortgage
bonds as aforesaid, upon tbe requisition of said
trustees, and “to provide that a majority of
tbe Board of Directors should each bo a
bolder of two hundred shares of tho preferred
stock.” It would thus be seen that it was tbe
intention of the parties of this agreement to
Dsfcr, in effect, tbe entire property of tho
Company, and tbo control thereof, to tbe con
tractors, and practically to dsnv to tbo com
mon stockholders all voice in the management
of tbe affairs of the company. It is proper
here to add that there is reason to believe that
Messrs. Hull 6c Miller were only nominal par
ties, and that the real contractors wero per
sons known only in tbo records of the company
the New York Associates.” These “ As
sociates," it seems, employed Messrs. Hull 6c
Miller to contract tbo road according to tbe
conditions of said contract, and paid them
therefor at the rate of $12,250 per mile, this
being tbe actual cost of that portion of the
road which was built after the grant of tbe aid
of tbo State. It uo wbero appears, so far as I
have been able to ascertain, that any amount
whatever was subscribed and paid into tbo
capital stock of tbe company, after the passage
of tbe act authorizing the State’s endorsement
of its bonds. The fundamental condition up
on which tbe additional endorsements wore to
be made, after tbe State's guaranty was placed
upon tbe first $1,000,000 of bonds, was, there
fore, disregarded, aud these endorsements
were given, so far as I can learn, without au
thority, and in direct violation of tbe law. It
also appears that *• tbe New York Associates”
irtually acted the double part of contracting
with themselves, and that in effect they occu
pied tbe positions of both employees and con
tractors at tbe same time. In view of those
facts, tbo question naturally arises whothor
tbe agreement betweeu tbo company and tbe
contractors was not itself illegal and void. I
transmit herewith copies of a letter aud esti
mate of tbe President of tbe company, showing
that tbo actual cost of completing tho road and
putting it in running order was $12,250 per
milo. This estimate ombracos the entire cost
of the road, including graduation, trestling,
bridgos, piling, statiou bouses, sido tracks,
superstructure, irou, and all that was neces
sary to the completion of tbe work. Tbo let-
ter'of tbe President shows not only the cost ef
tbe road as above stated, but also that “ tbo
New York Associates" were tbe real contrac
tors, and that Messrs. Hull 6c Miller were iu
fact employed by them. Tbe Legislature, at
its session in 1871, raised a committee, com
monly known as tbe “ Bond Committee,”
whose duty it was made to investigate and re
port upon all tbe bonds and eudorsemouts of
tbe State, during the administration of Gov.
Bullock. Tbo committee, iu pursuance of its
duty, mado an examination of tbe endorse
ments placed upon the bonds of tbo Macon 6c
Brunswick Railroad Company after tbo adop
tion of our present Constitution. Upon refer
ence to tho report of that committee touching
said last mentioned bonds, it appears that the
only witnesses who were examined as to the
cost of tbe road wero President Hazlohurst aud
Messrs. J. P. Giraud Foster, Morris K. Jessup,
and D. Willis James, understood to bo tbreo
of “ tho New York Associates.” Those wit
nesses testified that, " Tbo Macon and Bruns
wick Railroad cost, for building and equip
ment, twenty thousand dollars por mile, fully
ten thousand dollars per milo of which were
paid in and invested in good faith by tho stock
holders, independent of and outside of (the)
State's ondorseraout. Tbe compauy received
one million nine hundred and fifty tbousaud
dollars of bonds under tho act of 1866, and six
hundred thousand dollars of bonds under tbo
act of 1870. Tbe amount of money paid in and
invested in good faith by the stockholders will
cover tbe first endorsement fully, but not tbo
second."
Tbe Legislature, acting upon this testimony
as reported by tbe Bond Committeo, adopted
tbe resolution to wbioh reference has already
been made, recognizing tbe validity of said en
dorsements. It cannot reasonably be suppos
ed tbateitbor the committee or tbe Legislature
were advised of tbe cost of tbe road, as set forth
of tho company, which it may becomo neces
sary to repoal. It may also become necessary
for tho State to continuo to bold tho road for a
longor period than two yoara to which time it
is now limited by law. In that event, it is
hoped that tbo act iutposiug this limitation
will bo modified, and that tbe Governor will
bo authorized to koep possession of tbe road
until tbe same can be disposed of to tbo best
advantage, both to tbe Stato aud tbe company.
NORTH AND SOUTH RAILROAD.
Tb e North aDd South Railroad Company hav
ing failed to pay tbo interest on its bonds en
dorsed by the Stato, I ordered all tbo property
of tho same to bn seized and takon possession
of on tho 23d day of April, 1874, and appointed
Edward A. Flewcllcn, Superintendent of Public
Works, as agont of tbo State, to manage and
control the same. Tho law under which the
seizure was made requires tbo Governor to
hold the property at least six months before
offering it for sale, and tbo seizure baviugboen
mado the latter part of April, no sale could
thorctore, have been mado earlier thau Novem
her. Tbe road has not been sold for the rea
son that it was not believed that anything ap
proaching its value could be obtained in the
present condition of tbo monoy market. It is
hoped, howover, that this state of things will
not continuo long, and that somo arrangement
may be made by which the property can be dis
posed of without great loss to the public treas
ury. The road sustained serious damage the
past year from freshots, and tho repairs ren
dered ne.-essary in consequence thereof made
it impracticable for tbe agont to apply any
part of tho earnings to the payment of the in
terest on tho endorsed bonds. It is not prob-
ablo that tho future earnings of tho road will
bo sufficient to meet this interest. It will be
necessary, therefore, for tbo Legislature, at
tho present session, to make provision for its
payment.
MEMPHIS BRANCH RAILROAD.
The Memphis Branch Railroad Compauy
having completed and equipped tbe first sec
tion of five miles of its road, as required by the
act entitling tlio company to the aid of tbo
State, applied for tho endorsement of its bond
in May last. Aftor causing a thourough exam
ination of tho affairs of tbe company to bo
made, I placed tho State's guaranty on its
bonds to tho amount of $34,000, this being ono
half tho value aud cost of tho section complet
ed and equipped. Tbo section of tho road
was finished, and tho application for tho State’s
endorsement was made, before the passage of
the aet approved February 25,1874, repealiug
tho provisions of the several railroad charters
theretofore granted, which gave State aid to
such enterprises. In my judgment, tbe appli
cation came within the saving operation of that
clause of said last named act. which provides
that any company which had already acquired
a vested right to the aid of tho State shonid
not be affected by the act. It may bo added
that the commissioners who examined tho road
reported that more than $100,000 had beon in
good faith invested in said company by private
individuals, and that satisfactory evidence was
exhibited, showing that there was no lien or
incumbrance upon tho property of tho compa
ny which ceuld endanger tho prior lion of the
Stato.
STATE AID.
Reflection has satisfied fno that additional
legislation is required to check the evils likely
to flow from tbo unwise policy of granting file
aid of the State to works of internal improve
ment. Experience has shown that it is almost
impossible to so guard tbe public interest as to
provent injury to the same under these grants,
Tho larger portion of our financial troubles of
lato years may bo traced directly to this mis
chievous policy. Tho act approved February
22,1874, repealing all existing railway ebartors
so far as the samo provided for State aid. ex
cept in cases where tho right to the same had
already become vested. What would amount,
under tho law, to a vested right, is a mooted
questiou. It has already been claimed that
tbo more acceptance of the charter by the
company, without more, would havo tho legal
effect of vosting tins right to tho aid therein
granted. If this claim should bo allowed by
tho Courts, the object sought to bo accomplish
ed by the act would bo entirely defeated. The
Codo, howover, as will be seen by reference to
section 1862, authorizes the withdrawal by the
State of the franchises granted in certain
cases. Indeed, the franchises granted to rail
way companies, since the enactment of this
part of the Codo, w ere granted and accepted
subject to tho right of withdrawal, unless
otherwise expressly provided. I would there
fore, respectfully recommend that in all cases
where the same can bo done, the franchises to
those railroad companies whoso charters make
provision for Stato aid, bo withdrawn by legis
lative enactment, unless thoy shall, within
prescribed time, renounce respectively all right
to claim or receive tho aid granted iu thoir
several charters.
STATE UNIVERSITY.
The report of tho Board of Trustees of the
Stato University shows that the receipts from
all sources, during tho collogiato year ending
July 28,1371, amounted to $40,011 84. The
University is roportod to bo in a prosperous
condition, and tho devotion of the students to
their studies during tbe last collogiato year,
is highly cominondod. The number of uow
students received the present year has ex
ceeded anything in the experience of tho past,
I invite attention to the report of the Board of
Visitors, who attended the examination of the
Senior Class, prior to the last commencement.
This report is very foil, and the thoroughness
with which the board discharged its duties re
fleets great credit upon its members. Attention
is called by tho board to a defect in the law
in tbe letter of the President accompanying 'proscribing its duties. The law requires no
this communication. The cost of tbe equip
ment of the road cannot account for the dis
crepancy between the amount of the cost of tho
road as stated in the President's letter and es
timate, and the cost of the same as set forth
in tbo testimony of himself and the three “New
York Associates" before tbe Bond Committee.
And os to tho amount claimed to have been
paid in by the stockholders, it is not to bo
supposed that the committee bad examined
the stock book and minutes of the company.
These books, now in the hands of tbe Receiver,
have been searched in vain for evidence that
any stock whatever was actually subscribed
and paid in by individuals, after the grant of
aid by tbe State. It will not be expected that
I should pause to comment upon these and
other facts of equal significance disclosed by
tbe examination made into tbe affairs of tbo
company. I feel it to be my duty, however, to
recommend that a thorough investigation bo
made, to tbe end that it may be ascertained
whether tbe law under which tbe company pro
cured the State’s endorsement has been com
plied with or not. The public interest requires
that this shall b« done. If it should appear
that the eompany has complied with the taw,
and has thus entitled itself to the State's en
dorsement, justice to the holders of its en
dorsed bonds demads that the obligation
should be acknowledged at once. If. on the
other hand, it should be shown that the com
pany has not placed itself in a position to claim
said endorsement, and that the same has been
completed and put in running order; upon illegally obtained, and that the present holders
condition, however, that before any each eo- of tbe bonds are properly chargeable with no-
j . ~ ^ ' " ifng, f
In other words, alter the endorsements of the islaturo, in regard to the Interest upon
■■■
tice of the wrong-doing, then duty to the peo
pie already overburdened by debt and taxa
tion, requires that this shonid be so declared
with equal promptitude. At the last session of
the General Assembly I suggested that doubt
existed as to the validity of the State’s endorse
ment upon the $600,000 of bends of the com
pany issued undsr the aet of 1870. I now re-
tfully advise that tbe investigation be ex-
more tbau that the board shall “ attend the
University examination proceeding the annnal
commencement, and report to the Governor tbe
character of snch examination." Tho powers
given to the board are not broad enough to
give value to its reports. Authority should ho
given to exteud its investigations to every mat
ter affecting tho interest of tbe University,
is thus only that the report of the visitors can
bo made a channel through which tbe General
Assembly may receive trustworthy informa
tion touching tho condition and wants of the
University. I recommend that tho law be
amended as here indicated. I further suggest
that inquiry be made into the propriety of pro
viding for a thorough re-organization of the
University. As at present constitnted, the
Board of Trustees consists of thirty-five mem
bers—a larger numbor, as I am advised, than
composes a similar organization In this or any
other country. The body is too large for effi
ciency; besides, its members are appointed for
life, and thus, in some measure, are lefc with
out that sense of responsibility which expert
onco proves is necessary to secure diligence
and faithfuluess in places of trust. In my
judgment, the officers of tbe present Trustees
should bo madejfor tbe appointment’of a new
Board, to consist of not more than nine mem
bers. The appointment should be made in the
manner which would most certainly secure men
of enlarged views, aud of general fitness for
the position. Tbo full term of office should
be divided isto three classes of three each, to
be appointed respectively for two, four and
six years. Thus, every two years there would
be three vacancies in the Board This provis
ion wonld prevent the making of sudden, radi
cal changes in the management of tbe Univer
sity, and, at the same time, would secure
sense of responsibility upon the part of the
Trustees. The Board ought to be held direct
ly responsible to the General Assembly, and
that end, thoy should be required to mako out
and submit full annual reports of their pro
company by the State since tbe adoption of
the present Constitntion. Attention is also
called to the appropriation act of the last Leg-
tended to all tbe endorsements granted said ceedings, and of tbe condition of the Univer
sity. The changes just suggested would iu my
opinion greatly advance tbe cause of Univer
sity edueatiou in the State. Tbe institution
would draw around it tho sympathy and sup
port of all the best men of tbe State, and the
representatives of tho people would not hesi
tate to make all uoedful appropriations for its
support and advancement. The people of the
State desire to see tbeir University grow and
expand, and they fully assent to the truth of the
maxim, that the greatness of a State depends
upon, and is proportionate to, the higher edu
cation of its people.
ATLANTA UNIVERSITY.
By an act approved March 6,1874, the sum
of $8,000 was annually approprated to the At
lanta University, upon condition that the in
stitution should admit for instruction as many
colored pupils from oach county in tho State,
freo of charge, for tuition, as thoro are or may
be members of the House of Representatives
from each county, to be nominated by said
members respectively, so long as said appro
priation continues. The Governor is inhibit
ed from drawing his warrant for the said sum,
until tbo Trustees of said institution shall
havo submitted a plan for tbe expenditure of
the same to a Board of Commissioners, consis
ting of tbe Chancellor of tbo State University
and two members of the Faculty of the same,
and until such plan shall havo been approved
by them each year io writing, and filed in the
Executive office. The condition upon which
a warrant was to be given for the appropria
tion, having been complied with, the amount
for tho past year was paid over to the Presi
dent of tbe University. The report of the
committee, whose duty it was to visit tho in
stitution, will be found accompanying this
communication.
COMMON SCHOOLS.
The report of the School Commissioner
sliows that thero is a school organization in
every county in the State, and that public
schools have beon in actual oporatiou in one
hundred and twenty-five counties the past
year. A growing interest in the schools is
manifested, and there has been a marked
change in public opinion in favor of tbe pres
ent system. Tbo Commissioner directs atten
tion to the fact that there are $350,000 of
school beads now in the bands of the Secre
tary of Stato, and claims that tho interest on
those bonds from October 13, 1870, to October
, 1874, amounting to $84,000. is a debt due
from the State to his department; and he asks
that the Legislature take somo action recog
nizing the validity of the claim.
Tbe next amennt of tho school fund, collec
ted from all sources, from tbe adoption of the
present Constitution down to December 1.
1873, was $489,722 42 The sums collected
since the last mentioned date amount to $186,-
183 90, and the disbursements to $169,071 84.
Tho whole amount of poll tax assessed for the
year 1874, and which, by act of February 28,
1874, is retained in the counties, was $199,-
550. Of this amount the Comptroller General
estimates that tbe sum of $133,000 has been
collected. I concur in tbe opinion expressed
by the Commissioner, that the act of the last
Goneral Assembly, providing for the payment
of the school debt of 1871, ought to bo repeal
ed. I also suggest that tbe law prescribing
tbo mode in which tho school fund shall be
paid over to County School Commissioners be
amended as is recommended in the report.—
Such paymeuts are at present required to be
made at the State Treasury. By tho amend
ment recommended, the funds due to each
county would be paid over directly by tho Tax
Collector to the County School Commissioner.
By this arrangement the collections by the
County School Commissioners would bo much
simplified, and tbe cost of transmitting the
money to and from tho State Treasury would
lie saved.
I concur fully in tho opinion expressed by
tbe Commissioner to the effect that tho act of
the last General Assembly, giving an aunual
donation of $8,000 to the Atlanta University
should be repealed. Tho colored as well as
the white poople of tbe Statu should bo educat
ed, and to this end the tax-payers are w'l’.ing
to contribute to the oxteot of their ability. It
cannot reasonably be expectod, however, that
tbe class upon which the buiden of taxation
chiefly falls will cousont to support au institu
tion wherein tho mischievous doetriuo of serial
equality is pructically inculcated. The wishes
and feelings of those upon whom rests tho
burthen of supporting tho govornmont should
bo consulted in this a3 well as all othor mat
ters affecting the public interest. By refer
ence to tbe report of the Board of Visitors,
who attended tbo annual examination at this
institution, it will also bo seen tiiat somo sys
tem of theology is taught tboreiu. Adopting
tho very pertinent inquiry of tho Board,
Whoso theology is it that is taught t With
out waiting for a reply to this question, it may
safely bo assumed that the teachings upon this
subject are sectarian in their character. Tbe
Constitution cf tbe State inhibits the granting
of a donation or gratuity by tbe Legislature to
any sectarian corporation or association. It is
hardly necessary to add that the spirit, if not
tho letter, of this constitutional provision
would be violated by continuing tbe appro
priation under consideration to tbis institution.
Jut, recognizing tbo duty restiug upou the
public to provide for the education of the col
ored pcoplo, I respectfully submit the views
expressed by tbe State School Commissioner
oh tbis subject, with the recommendation that
they be favorably considered by tbe General
Assembly.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
I transmit herewith the first annual report
of the Commissioner of Agriculture. This de
partment was created by the act aproved Feb
ruary 20,1874, but the Commissioner was not
appointed until the 26th day of August last.
As soon as appointed, however, he ontored en
ergetically upon the discharge of bis duties,
and has already succeeded in organizing his
department and placing it in thorough work
ing order. The materials necessary for tbe
hand-book required by tbe act are being col
lected, and a specimen, showing the manner
in which tbis valuable work is being prepared
will soon be ready for delivery. A laboratory
has been fitted up at the Capitol aud furnish
ed with chemical apparatus suitable for con
ducting analyses of soils and minerals. Tbe
rules prescribed for conducting these anal
yses, it is confidently believed, will be effectu
al in securing results of great practical beoefit
to our agricultural interest. An accurate
knowledge ef its condition and wants must
necessarily be the basis of all improvement
in our agriculture. Recognizing tbis truth,
tbe Commissioner has arranged a system for
tbo collection ef reliable statistical informa
tion. He has already gathered a mass of val
uable facta, showing tbe present condition of
our agricultural labor system, the amount of
home supplies prodneed, aud tbe general con
duct, and management of our husbandry.
The Legislature, iu establishing this depart
ment, took a step in tbe right direction, and
in my judgment, the future material prosper
ity of the State will depend, in a large meas
ure, upon the manner in which it may be fos
tered and sustained. Judging from wbat has
been already achieved, I think it may be safe
ly predicted that, under the able management
of the Commissioner, this department will
soon entitle itself to the confidence and per
manent support of tbe people.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
The office ot State Geologist, created by an
act approved February 27,1874. has been con
ferred upon Dr. George Little, who hold, at
tho time of bis appointment, a professorship
in the Uuiverslty of the State of Mississippi
This officer, after organizing his department,
entered at onco upon the discharge of his du
ties. Taking the field late in tbe Fall, after a
hurried preparation, he has traversod nearly
the whole of Northwestern Georgia boyond ike
Chattahoochee, and has already made a largo
collection of specimens, showing the geologi
cal and mineratogical character of a number of
the counties embraced in that section. The
information contained in his report, herewith