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Prom the Charleston Courier. Eleven days later from England The fast sailing ship Mary Catharine, arrived last evening in 38 days from Li* verpool, brings bur files of Lofidon papers to the 26th, and of Liverpool to the 27th of June, both inclusive—together with the London shipping Lists to the 24th We are sorry to find that the Cotton Market had declined at Liverpool the im ports, it will be seen, were heavy, while the sales were comparatively light. A postcripi of a letter, dated Liverpool, 21st June, says—“ A bill is now before Parliament to admit all sorts of Cottort, coming through British possessions, at a duty of Is. per cwt. There is no doubt it will pass. I presume this has been sug gested by the new Tariff; its operation will more particularly favor British shipping.” The Russians had crossed the Danube with very slight resissance from the Turks and an invitation from the Porte has been forwarded to the English ana French Am baseadors, inviting them to proceed imme diately to the Turkish capital to treat for peace It was expected that Parliament would be prorogued by the King,in person, about the 22d July. Portugal appears to be in a wretched situation. A rumor of the latest date from Lisbon, received via Paris, states that Don Miguel had dispersed the Constitutionalists at Oporto by merely presenting himself be fore that place—this account was not how ever, credited in England Spain ap pears to be alarmed at the state of affairs in the sister kingdom the Constitutionalists in the former country being ready to ava 1 themselves of any opportunity to raise the Standard of revolt. The Conde d’Asseca sent by Don Mi guel, as an Ambassador to England, had arrived in London—but he had been given to understand that no communication could be held with him or his master, in the pre sent posture of affairs The affairs of India, and its multifarious interests and concerns, are beginning to agitate the British Parliament and people— the course to be adopted for the future go vernment of ihat country, inhabited by per haps 80,000,000 of people, when the pre sent impolitic and barbarous system shall have reached its natural end, is a subject of the most serious consideration. Tiie whole trading community of Calcutta are petitioning upon the subject. Mr. Monck had presented a petition to Parliament from Moses Levi, praying that further religious freedom might be extend edtothe Jews—and the Morning Herald expresses its satisfaction that this oppressed people *re beginning to stir in this matter Mr. Hume appeals to be indefatigable in his endeavors tj induce Parliament to abo lish imprisoment for debt in England. The people at the west end of the town, had two fertile subjects of conversation presented to them at the same moment— these were two bloodless duels, one be tween Mr. Long Wellesley and Mr. De Crespiny, and the other between Sir Jacob Astlev and Colonel Garth. Each of these duels grew out of the criminal connexion of one of the parties with the- wife of ano ther H. B. M sloop of war Scylla, arrived at Portsmouth on the 19th of June, last from Nassau, with about 650,000 dollars, ship ped at Ve/a Cruz and Tampico. A Russian 74 and frigate, which had been in the battle of Navarino, and suffered se verely, arrived at Portsmouth on the 22d June, from Malta, oil their return to Cron- Stadt. Lord Stuart, of Rothsay, who resided so long as Ambassador at Paris, under the ti tle of Sir Charles Stuart, is, it is said, to resume his diplomatic functions there, in the |jlace of Lord Granville. The appointment of LordFrancisGower, (who had left office lately with the friends of M.‘ Canning) to the post of Chief Se cretary for Ireland is considered an auspi cious indication of the designs of the Duke of Wellington towards that country. It is said that the Duke of Wellington has it in contemplation to make some effort for the relief of the dense population of the low er classes in Ireland, and that his pre sent intention is to introduce some measure analogous to the English poor laws. Kean was to close his engagement at Pa ris on the 20rh June, in the character of Shvlock for his benefit. A furious attack upon Mr. Cooper’s new work “ Notions of the Americans ,’ has been made in a London Journal, even be fore the work was published The Times, however, thinks “ there will be found in th** work a great deal of curious and im portant information respecting that inter esting country, which will be quite new to the English reader.” A dreadful accident happened at the Church of Kirkaldv, on Sunday, the 15*h June. The Rev. Mr. Irving was to preach, and an immense concourse thronged the galleries, when, just as the hell stopped,and before the minister had entered the Church, the north gallery, from the extreme pres suie upon it, came down all at once, carry ing every thing along with it, and burying in the ruins the multitudes underneath It was calculated that there were at least 1800 persons within the walls at the time the catastrophe took place, 29 persons were killed outright, and about 150 were more or less injured. A Mr. Tingle, his wife, and their five children, perished in the flames of their dwelling in Red Lion street, which was consumed on the morning of the 15th of June From the Richmond Constitutional Whig. lien we alleged that the Governor of V urgioia had expressed opinions unfa vorable to the Union, we did not speak without the card. Certainly, we have ne ver been more surprised in the whole corns, of our lives, than at the denial which ap peared in the Enquirer of Tuesday, the language of which indicates that that den % 4 * ial was authorised by the Governor him self. We do not hesitate to say, that there are twenty individuals in this city, in the habit of associating with Mr. Giles, who in a court of justice would establish, that he has repeatedly expressed, hostility to the Union, and that this is the burthen of all his descantations upon the Tariff. His pre cise language may not be so fully remem 1 bered but the impression left upon their minds to this effect is distinct and indeli ble. Every man has a right to his opinion, and to express it when, how, and where he pleases ; for under the broad and ample piivileges of our Constitution, opinion is ; exempt from legal censure, as long as i’ re mains distinct from action. The question then is, not whether Mr. Giles has a right ; to entertain or express opinions unfavora ble to the Union, for that no body doubts, but whether a man who thus thinks and speaks, is entitled to the confidence of the people of Virginia j V/e owe it to ourselves to say, that no ! thing but a sense of duty, induced us to make any allusion to these opinions of Mr. Giles, and that nothing but necessity causes the present publication The following note to us is from a gen tleman of in elligence and respectability. His name is not given from considerations of delicacy, but it is at the service, and his note is open to the inspection of any per son whatsoever 31st, July, 1828. Dear Sir : I did inform you that in a conversation between Mr. Giles, several other gentlemen, and myself, in the office of the 2d Aud tor, some time in June last, he expressed opinions favorable to a disso lution of the Union, raiher than submit to the Tariff of *B2B ; and when it was sug gested by one present, that we had derived benefits from the Union, he considered these benefits nothing compared to the oppres sion of this law. It was also suggested by Mr. Giles, that in the event of a war with the Northern States, England would aid i us for the benefit she would derive from the Cotton and Tobacco trade and other arti cles, which would be worth to us 150,000 men and the British Navy. ** The Ist and 2d Auditors were present, and 1 have no doubt will recollect the con versation.” One of the gentlemen referred to, (we h sve seen only one,) does recollect the con versation, and its substantial agreement with this account of it 3lr. Gilts is a great, incessant, and un connected talker. He talks to all descrip tions *f people, and never thinks of adapt ing his conversation to his audience. He has a few chosen themes, which he mounts on all accasions, and talks quite as-earnestly and learnedly to one as to another. In the unbounded verbiage in which he indulges, he may have forgotten what he said, and what he did not say ; jut if the above shall not suffice to revive ins recollections, more can be added. VVe submit the subject to the Public. It is now ascertained with certainty, that Judge Thompson has consented to stand as a candidate f.<r the office of Governor incompliance with the nomination made by the Utica Convention. The Committee ap pointed for the purpose waited on him at Poughkeepsie, & received from him the as surance, 44 that he will not withhold himself from the claim so unanimously made upon him by the Con< ention of Republican Delegates which met at Utica on the 23d instant ” Smith Thompson and Francis Granger will therefore be the candidates of the friends of the Administration in this state at the ensuing election. We shall not venture at present to guess who will run against them. It is already rumoured that Mr. Van uren will decline the honor of a defeat; and that Mr Silas Wright, near the Canada line, in the Chateaugay woods, is spoken of. The present Lieutenant Governor is also talked of. The combi nation are caucusing, and are down in the mouth. N. F. Com.'Advertiser, 1 stinst. We have conversed with a gentleman who left Marseilles on the 13th June, who has communicated several facts worthy of being made known. Several transports, which had for a long time laid idle in that port, been ordered to prepare for sea, & at that time they were waiting,with their sails bent, for the reception of troops. A ft*w of the vessels had been sent to Cadiz to take on board the French troops there Their ultimate destination was wholly un known, and was not even guessed at. Or ; ders had been received in the provinces of i Marseilles and Toulon for the reception of ! troops. The orders were communicated by telegraphic express. A T . F. Gazette, Ist inst. From the Baltimore American. The following letters have been handed us by a highly respectable gentleman, of this city, they will tie pursued with great interest by such of our fellow citizens, as are interested in the Mexican mines. Extract of a letter from an intelligent gentleman , dated Mexico , 31s/ May, ls2ri. Everything is now quiet in this country and I see nothing to fear unless it be'tjae state of the Treasury,—from financial dif ficulties., however, I hope government will be relieved, when the effects of the late at tempts of Bravo are felt in the additional strength added thereby to the present eru dition of things. ‘‘There ought to be no fear among the capitalists of England as it respects the se curity of Mexican loans, after what has happened They have seen a strong par* ty put down with the utmost ease and pat riotism, and good principles triumphant •ver treachry and corruption It will be a warning to traitors that may still exist, which will not be forgotten. J Extract of another letter dated Mexico , June 7. “I send yt\iu a letter from Zacatecas.— Those mind yield a clear profit to the English comp toy of eighty thousand dollars monthly. The morning'concerns of this country are becoming prosperous and pro fitable. By the next packet I expect to send you a budge t of good news.” Extract of a letter fyom a respectable Merchant dated . Mexico June 7. “In mining openlliou we are improving every day. The Bonanza in Vete Grande, Zacatecas, of the miites, belonging to the “Bolamas Company *\ still continue with every prospect of an immense return.— That negociation is no\v leaving eighty thousand dollars per mo uth, clear, from two of the mines, the Gallega and Messi asr My house here holds tNe agency of said company, therefore you may rely u poti the information. From Halifax.— We havt\ teceived Halifax papers to July 22. Sir .las. Kempt returned to Halifax from Canada on the 18th. He had received, by the May packet from ; ngland, the notification of his ap pointment as Governor in Chief of Lower Canada, and was to embark for Quebec, in the Challenger, which was shortly expected From England. There were various con lectures respecting the successor of Sir J Kempt, in the government of Nova Scotia, The most probable of the candidates for the office named, seems to be Sir Howard Douglas, Lieut. Governor of New Bruns wick, who by his judicious and paternal administration of the government of that province, has acquired a remarkable degree of popularity. The supposition, however, that he will receive this appointment, is hardly consistent with the report that ho is to proceed to Russia, to assist in the dis cussions for the adjustment of the Maine and New Brunswick boundary. J Boston D. Adv. Loss of the brig Emily. —Brig Ann, at Newburyport from Porto Rico, lias on board the captain and part of the crew of the brig Emily, of New Bedford. From the mate’s log book it appears that the Emily, West, sailed from New Bedford in February last on a whaling voyage On the 16th July, lat 29, 39, lon. 79. was struck by a heavy squall, and immediately cap sized. All hands were below except the watch. In this situation, after being thrown about, part of the time almost under water, the mate dove out of the cabin window, se cured a rope and passed It over the stern, by which the captain and cooper got on deck. At the same time two men dove out of the forecastle gang-way, and an at tempt was made to cut through the side to save those below ; but unfortunately the hatchet was lost overboard; they however effected their object with a boat spade, and relieved three more, just alive ; they were by this time all on Iter side, except the cook, who perished below—soon after cut ting away her standing rigging, she righted with her foremast out of the step, which was afterwards cut away, the weather still squally. All hands were then employed in procuring provisions ud clothes, and clear ing the wreck. They remained on the deck setting a watch in the boat, till the 19ih, when they were taken off by an En glish brig from Havana : ami on the 23d all hands (fourteen) were received on board the Ann ; and-on the 26th the captain and eight of his crew went on board a Provi dence schooner, the mate and remaining four arrived at Newburyport. From the Boston Daily Advertiser. Earthquake at Lima.— e are permit ted to publish the fallowing extract of a let ter from Mr. S. YV. Pomeroy, jr. to his fa ther, giving an interesting description of a violent ear hquake at Lima, on the mor ning of the 3uth of March. The letter is dated, Lima, April 21. I wrote to you last by the Brandywine .to Panama, to go across the Isthmus, under date of 20ih ult. Since that time this city lias been visited by one of those dreadful earthquakes which are looked for about once in a century, and had it continued a few seconds longer the whole of Lima must inevitably have been laid in ruins The calamity occurred on the morning of 30th Maich,at about half pasi seven o’- clock, and although only 30 or 40 seconds duration, was of such prodigious violence as to prostrate many building and injure all including the stupendous churches; some of which are so much shattered that it is contemplated to take them dovvu, their missive walls of 5 to 9 feet thickness, being literally lent from the top to the bottom. A great number of houses have been pulled down by order of the authorities, and se veral have, since the shock, fallen of their own accord, in one instance burying two or three persons in their ruins. The amount of injury to this city is esti mated, b} an official survey, is S6OOOOOO, a sum quite witlun bounds, when it is re collected that f om the nature of the budd ings they caunot be repaired in many in stances, but must be rebuilt. The house ! occupied by Alsop, Wetmore &. Cos. is considered one of the strongest in Lima, and is said to have cost $90,000. Some of the rooms are cracked perpendicularly in many places, and in others the upperpart of the liouse (which is composed of bamboo sticks and mud, of about 2 feet in thickness, sep arated itself from the “adobes* or sun dried bricks, of which the walls, to the bight of 3 feet auove the floor of tire second story are composed; and had Che shock contin ued three seconds longer the whole top, with its brick root, would have fallen in. About 30 persons perished; that is the number of bodies which have been dug out from the rubbish, but others are supposed to be still undiscovered. Had it been in the night the loss of lives, would, no doubt, have been greater. I was awakened from a sound sleep by the most terrific noise, and jumping up, saw the walls of many rooms vibrating violently. I concluded that no time was to be lost, and made the best of my way into the street, amidst falling plas ter, and stumbling along over the floors like a drunken man. In the street all was dis may; the heart appalling noise which us hered in this frightful phenomena and the sounds of the cracking walls were still ring ing in our ears. The poor natives were upon their knees, (many of them just as they had risen Irom their bed,) beating their breasts, and calling upon God, the virgin and all the saints to save them; and expecting every instant another and over whelming shock Indeed when I reflect ed that this was a danger against which no place afforded security, (as the earth was expected to open as it had done during the great earthquake of 1740) I was very well disposed to join the cry of “misiricordia,” and seek protection from Him “who but looketh upon the earth, and it trembleth.” The great shock was followed by five or six slight tremblings in as many days, which excited great terror, and I must con fess I have been more alarmed by these harmless shocks than by tfie great convul sion: and it is remarked generally that a person who has never experienced an earthquake, cannot, when the alarm of “Temblor,” is given, enter at all into the feelings of him who has witnessed one—the first has merely a vague idea of danger - the last the full possession of extreme ter ror and dismay. The excitement has in a great measure abated; but for a week or ten days after the shock, you would see every night, hun dreds stretched upon mats in the squares, alameda, and whenever an open space could be found, almost afraid to close their eyes, and starting upon their knees at the least alarm to repeat their ‘aves.’ Even low many are seen sleeping at the open doors, and when the subject is mentioned, cross themselvf s, adding, perhaps, their common exclamation, “Jesus, Maria !” The depth of superstition and ignorance to which the common people of this coun try are degraded, may be seen by their implicit belief in their stories inculcated by the priests, as the causes of this calamity. Os course these designing men lose no op portunity to endeavour to regain their for mer ascendency, and feeling that their oc cupation is almost gone, do not hesitate about the means for effecting their object. They look upon foreigners as decided en emies; not only as heretics but as neces sarily imparting to the people with whom they have intercourse, a portion of their liberal notions. The residence of the heretics in the country was first preached up publicly as the cause; that the earth, indignant at their being suffered to remain among the catholics, would as it were shake them from her bosom; and we could not walk the streets for a day or two after, without -hearing knots of cholas and ne groes gravely assigning this as the earth quake’s origin. Ii is said, Gen. La *“ar ordered the monks to take iieed under pain of his displeasure, and that since, they have been more cautious. Some other reasons were assigned even more absurd and rediculous. At Callao the shock was felt after the dust were seen to rise from Lima, so that it would seem that ii proceeded from the mountains to the sea. Those persons who were on board vessels in the harbor, des cribed the sensation to be the same as when a ship thumps violently against the bottom, and the noise like that produced by “twenty chain cables running through the hawser holes. * The water was very ! turbid, and for a considerable time after wards large air bubbles came up in every direction. Several vilages on ihe coast to the northward have been destroyed. It was not experienced at the southward but a few miles I have ale ter of the 12th April, from Arica, where it was not felt at ail I have almost filled ray sheet with this engrossing subject. There has hitherto been a stated period for the occurrence of these heavy shocks, and people here feel very confident that in their lives such ano ther will not happen. Yesterday the new constitution, which was proclaimed the day before, was sworn to publicly, and with great show and cir cumstance, by the authorities, &c. who have sworn to six before , since the decla ration of their independence! It is said j that in Cusco and Arequipa there are some j symptoms of revolt but we know little I here of the plots and counterplots, and think it safe to make as few inquiries as possible. Arctic Circle. —The immense accumu lation of ice within the Arctic Circle, for- \ ming in many places perpetual mountains on land, and perpetual islands, in straits and bays,* andjfilling up bays, which might be more seas, with one un interrupted mass, during most part of the year affords to the mind a perpetual source ! of interest. YY hen it is remembered that Parry was confined in his winter quarters, t a: Melville Island, for ten months, a hasty glance at the subject would iduce us to think that the ten months of excessive frost would soon conquer the remaining two months of spring, summer, and autumn, and embrace the whole in the arms of eternal ice.f It can, therefore, be oasilv understood, that a permanent congelation ot the Arctic Sea, or any large portion of it, cannot ex ist in the temperature with which we are at present acquainted. Indeed Captain Par ry says in his third voyage, he believed “Barrow’s Strait was not permanently fro zen during the winter.” Ou land, in ma ny parts of the frigid zone, however, the eternal ice holds its rigid sway. At the entrance of the Strait of the Fury and Ile cla, where Captain Parry passed the se cond winter, on his second voyage, the ice of the preceding year was hot detached from the shores, when that of the new be gan to form. In the morasses, at the mouth of the O i, one of the great rivers of Sibe ria, the ground at the depth of a foot, is permanently frozen, and the same thing exists, we are told by Kotzebue, on the shores of Icy Cape. This commander al so im a mountain ofpure*ice 4 < > icebft, b> J * n Kotzebue’s Inlet, nn v ; the pi rt y travelled some time, w t ( j 4 knmvi. ig or suspecting its compositE,! 0 ” Moss a ud grass covered it onevejyVT but one * where cliffs of pure ice YM rfl e be seen. Upon further investigation tV” found lai ? e quantities of ma ninoth* n ? and boot sn this ice. ei ” The icebergs, those monuments off. ? and ‘‘won L,<rs °f die deep’ towering c ver the waves, and resisting storms of t be ocean, present to us an f > 6 ject worth} ’ of contemplation. All n; , gators of tit e Arctic Ocean, have g*zed f . these great natural curiosities with am ment. Thi se huge masses are to be avalarn generated on .and,and gjj ing up valley 3 an '* recesses of mountain? down whoss , sides they are brought by p,’ rents This may be the case with jjj* smaller ones— -tho largest can only be p er , formed by the sides of high perpendiciil , cliffs, whose h ise is washed by the The accumulat “and mass of ages here, by j*, own gravidity, overcoming the force cf hesion, falls wit h a tremendous crash inj the deep, anc ‘ these “thunder-bolts snow” are carri dby currents, to the south It has been a matter < f speculation, ho w large rocks, and other extraneous matter could bejplacedo. 11 the icebergs ‘I cp.n e ‘i says Fox, “by on e piece of ice, higher thp ; . the rest, whereupon a stone was, of tl le contents of five oi tons weight, wit| l(j ;. vers other smaller stones, and mud thtr fc . on.” Captain Pa r *7 says, “the quanritf in which these sul ‘Stances, (stones, slu-li s sand, mud, weeds, < See.) here occurred,l really surprising, aid puzzled us extremely to account for the i Manner in which they found“*their way upc n the flokes.” R ( , c u may be placed on masses ol this kind j Q two ways. Ist. YV hen an -Avalanche takes place from the s, de of a naked rock large pieces, detachec b y the host, would he carried away by ; the ice, and remais firmly attached to it. 2d. These icebergs often remain aground 4 *° r > ears , and vvlieo removed from their nu orings, by the ri sing of the waters, by th ; effects of storms, or by the diminution of t heir bulk they are launched into the current. ■ an< l their centre of gravidity becoming cb, ,n ged by ihe de taclunent us considerable portions, from abrasion their equilibria. ‘ n destroyed, and the summet may be ii verted, and be* come the base. Solar heat frequenrly ac ?s u P°n their masses, and by melting at the sides, portions fall into the sea, wit ‘ J a tremend ous noise. This is technical y ca.led cal ving, and the crash is heard s . retimes se veral miles. VV liilo jr )i,ts this rolling mo* tion, the mass sometimes lal • to pieces “like a wreck.” The strait! of Hudson and Davis, Fox’s Channel, at id Baffin’s Bay, are prolific nurseries of icebergs Ellis saw one 500 or 600 yards thickness, and Forbisher described one t ‘> be ‘near four score fathoms above wat .” Cap* tain Ross mentions the almost * incredible number of 700 being in sight at onetime; some of these, too, were of an . enormous size. One was aground in 150, ar :d sever* a! together, in 250 fathoms. All accrr.ie calculation of the dimension of oi ie, which was aground in 6l fathoms, was made by Lieutenant Parry, and was estii nated to weigh 1,293,397,673 tons. It rna ybe well to remark here, that the specific | gravity of ice, being one-sixth less than Wi iter, oce* seventh part of the whole bulk only ap* perrs above water. *“Two islands of ice have continued sta tionary for half a century, in t! fie bay of Disco. Dutch whalers have visit ed them, and have given them names.— Me Ite Bfun, from Olafsen's Voyage to Iceland. Capt YVafer confessed he r ustook is lands of ice, five huddred feet his h, for teal islands.— Malte Drun. f Scoresby calculates the dis; solution and ice in the Spitzbergen Seas t< jbe about 20,000 square leagues, annua 11; v, while ibe quantity formed in the seas ik vigated by whalers, is not more, probably, than one* fourth that area. The following letter from tl ie Treasuft Department, is an answer to one from J merchant in New York, askii g for infor mation in what light certain and escriptionciß goods were to be considered. By the tariff Bombazetts and Rattinel s pay a (k ! M of 23 per cent ad valorem ; bi it by this le® ter it would appear that if the y are priii’tß into shawls, handkerchiefs o r scarfs, no longer retain the charactm of the oriffl nal fabric. Treasury Depart! nent, Comp’ .1 trailer's Office , July 25. J Gentlemen—l duly receiv ed your if*® ter, of the Ist. but a gteat prei sos has prevented an earlier attent ion to it. I I Being under the impression that primed into shapes, for shaw Is, chiefs or scarfs, although comp .osed of same materials as Bombaeett 4 and netts, are yet, in commercial * parlance, considered Bombazetts or lfc 44mens. Dfl of opinion they can neither b e to coush! £, B ed in a fiscal sense. Respectful!} , &c. I JOSEPH AND! ON, ■ COMPTROLI JER, From the Emerald. Baltimore Fashions for the Gintl®, Short coatees, long waists and abort J covering the hips, and hanging Tower j right and left than at the centre: * breasted ; pockets comme an saede mrVL ‘1 and collar reaching to the occiput. V ■ plain—stocks of various colours—did ■ or gills rising above the uppei extreff of the ear, well stiffened, comme unepb ■ die. Ribbons generally worn instead It watch-chains, which have become vulg H Hats, Leghorn or common straw, brr Bj turned gracefully up on each side and 1 ■ hind, ala Doctor Syntax. Pantalo® Bi, loose enough to take in four legs, narrow* B at the bottom and strapped. Yellow on B spectacles—green and white have bee® 1 vulgar. * B